[ci] Add local lint setup with pre-push hook to catch issues early (#4925)

* Add local lint setup with pre-push hook to catch issues early

Developers can now catch lint issues before pushing, reducing CI failures
and iteration time. The setup uses golangci-lint locally with the same
configuration as CI.

Setup:
- Run `make setup-hooks` once after cloning
- Pre-push hook automatically lints changed files (~90s)
- Use `make lint` to manually check changed files
- Use `make lint-all` to run full CI-equivalent lint

The Makefile auto-installs golangci-lint to ./bin/ using go install to
match the Go version in go.mod, avoiding version compatibility issues.

---------

Co-authored-by: mlsmaycon <mlsmaycon@gmail.com>

.githooks/pre-push

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+echo "Running pre-push hook..."
+if ! make lint; then
+    echo ""
+    echo "Hint: To push without verification, run:"
+    echo "  git push --no-verify"
+    exit 1
+fi
+
+echo "All checks passed!"