Merge branch 'peers-get-account-refactoring' into refactor/optimize-peer-expiration

# Conflicts:
#	management/server/peer.go

.devcontainer/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM golang:1.21-bullseye
+FROM golang:1.23-bullseye
 
 RUN apt-get update && export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
     && apt-get -y install --no-install-recommends\

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 	"features": {
 		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/docker-in-docker:2": {},
 		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/go:1": {
-			"version": "1.21"
+			"version": "1.23"
 		}
 	},
 	"workspaceFolder": "/workspaces/${localWorkspaceFolderBasename}",

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+root = true
+
+[*]
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+
+[*.go]
+indent_style = tab

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# These are supported funding model platforms
+
+github: [netbirdio]

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-issue-report.md

@@ -31,9 +31,14 @@ Please specify whether you use NetBird Cloud or self-host NetBird's control plan
 
 `netbird version`
 
-**NetBird status -d output:**
+**NetBird status -dA output:**
 
-If applicable, add the `netbird status -d' command output.
+If applicable, add the `netbird status -dA' command output.
+
+**Do you face any (non-mobile) client issues?**
+
+Please provide the file created by `netbird debug for 1m -AS`.
+We advise reviewing the anonymized files for any remaining PII.
 
 **Screenshots**
 

.github/workflows/golang-test-darwin.yml

@@ -18,18 +18,20 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: macos-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          key: macos-gotest-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
+            macos-gotest-
             macos-go-
 
       - name: Install libpcap
@@ -42,4 +44,5 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} go test -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 ./...
+        run: NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=devcert -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v /management)
+

.github/workflows/golang-test-freebsd.yml

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Test in FreeBSD
@@ -21,19 +21,26 @@ jobs:
         uses: vmactions/freebsd-vm@v1
         with:
           usesh: true
+          copyback: false
+          release: "14.1"
           prepare: |
-            pkg install -y curl
-            pkg install -y git
+            pkg install -y go
 
+          # -x - to print all executed commands
+          # -e - to faile on first error
           run: |
-            set -x
-            curl -o go.tar.gz https://go.dev/dl/go1.21.11.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz -L
-            tar zxf go.tar.gz
-            mv go /usr/local/go
-            ln -s /usr/local/go/bin/go /usr/local/bin/go
-            go mod tidy
-            go test -timeout 5m -p 1 ./iface/...
-            go test -timeout 5m -p 1 ./client/... 
-            cd client
-            go build .
-            cd ..
+            set -e -x
+            time go build -o netbird client/main.go
+            # check all component except management, since we do not support management server on freebsd
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./base62/...
+            # NOTE: without -p1 `client/internal/dns` will fail becasue of `listen udp4 :33100: bind: address already in use`
+            time go test -timeout 8m -failfast -p 1 ./client/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./dns/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./encryption/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./formatter/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./client/iface/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./route/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./sharedsock/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./signal/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./util/...
+            time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./version/...

.github/workflows/golang-test-linux.yml

@@ -11,29 +11,114 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
-  test:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
-        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres']
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
-        with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+  build-cache:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:        
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        id: cache
         with:
-          path: ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-go-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+            
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Build client
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: client
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go build .
+
+      - name: Build client 386
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: client
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=386 go build -o client-386 .
+
+      - name: Build management
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: management
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go build .
+
+      - name: Build management 386
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: management
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=386 go build -o management-386 .
+
+      - name: Build signal
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: signal
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go build .
+
+      - name: Build signal 386
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: signal
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=386 go build -o signal-386 .
+
+      - name: Build relay
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: relay
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go build .
+
+      - name: Build relay 386
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        working-directory: relay
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=386 go build -o relay-386 .
+
+  test:
+    needs: [build-cache]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
@@ -49,26 +134,264 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} go test -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 5m -p 1 ./...
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v /management)
+
+  test_management:
+    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres', 'mysql' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Login to Docker hub
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql' && (github.repository == github.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref)
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: download mysql image
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql'
+        run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=devcert -p 1 -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 10m $(go list ./... | grep /management)
+
+  benchmark:
+    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres', 'mysql' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Login to Docker hub
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql' && (github.repository == github.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref)
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: download mysql image
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql'
+        run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -run=^$ -bench=. -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 20m ./...
+
+  api_benchmark:
+    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Login to Docker hub
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql' && (github.repository == github.head.repo.full_name || !github.head_ref)
+        uses: docker/login-action@v1
+        with:
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: download mysql image
+        if: matrix.store == 'mysql'
+        run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
+        
+      - name: Test
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -run=^$ -tags=benchmark -bench=. -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 30m $(go list -tags=benchmark ./... | grep /management)
+
+  api_integration_test:
+    needs: [ build-cache ]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres']
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=integration -p 1 -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 30m $(go list -tags=integration ./... | grep /management)
 
   test_client_on_docker:
+    needs: [ build-cache ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     steps:
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
-
-      - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
-        with:
-          path: ~/go/pkg/mod
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-go-
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
@@ -79,9 +402,6 @@ jobs:
       - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
-      - name: Generate Iface Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o iface-testing.bin ./iface/
-
       - name: Generate Shared Sock Test bin
         run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o sharedsock-testing.bin ./sharedsock
 
@@ -98,7 +418,7 @@ jobs:
         run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -c -o engine-testing.bin ./client/internal
 
       - name: Generate Peer Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o peer-testing.bin ./client/internal/peer/...
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o peer-testing.bin ./client/internal/peer/
 
       - run: chmod +x *testing.bin
 
@@ -106,7 +426,7 @@ jobs:
         run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/sharedsock --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/sharedsock-testing.bin -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
 
       - name: Run Iface tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/iface --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/iface-testing.bin -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
+        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/netbird -v /tmp/cache:/tmp/cache -v /tmp/modcache:/tmp/modcache -w /netbird -e GOCACHE=/tmp/cache -e GOMODCACHE=/tmp/modcache -e CGO_ENABLED=0 golang:1.23-alpine go test  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1 ./client/iface/...
 
       - name: Run RouteManager tests in docker
         run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/routemanager --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/routemanager-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
@@ -124,4 +444,4 @@ jobs:
         run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal -e NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE="sqlite" --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/engine-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
 
       - name: Run Peer tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/peer  --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/peer-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
+        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/peer  --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/peer-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1

.github/workflows/golang-test-windows.yml

@@ -17,13 +17,30 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         id: go
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-
+            ${{ runner.os }}-go-
 
       - name: Download wintun
         uses: carlosperate/download-file-action@v2
@@ -42,11 +59,13 @@ jobs:
       - run: choco install -y sysinternals --ignore-checksums
       - run: choco install -y mingw
 
-      - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe env -w GOMODCACHE=C:\Users\runneradmin\go\pkg\mod
-      - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe env -w GOCACHE=C:\Users\runneradmin\AppData\Local\go-build
+      - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe env -w GOMODCACHE=${{ env.cache }}
+      - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe env -w GOCACHE=${{ env.modcache }}
+      - run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe mod tidy
+      - run: echo "files=$(go list ./... | ForEach-Object { $_ } | Where-Object { $_ -notmatch '/management' })" >> $env:GITHUB_ENV
 
       - name: test
-        run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} cmd.exe /c "C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe test -timeout 10m -p 1 ./... > test-out.txt 2>&1"
+        run: PsExec64 -s -w ${{ github.workspace }} cmd.exe /c "C:\hostedtoolcache\windows\go\${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}\x64\bin\go.exe test -tags=devcert -timeout 10m -p 1 ${{ env.files }} > test-out.txt 2>&1"
       - name: test output
         if: ${{ always() }}
         run: Get-Content test-out.txt

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: codespell
         uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v2
         with:
-          ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,
+          ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,iif,groupd,testin
           skip: go.mod,go.sum
           only_warn: 1
   golangci:
@@ -32,21 +32,21 @@ jobs:
     timeout-minutes: 15
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Check for duplicate constants
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
           ! awk '/const \(/,/)/{print $0}' management/server/activity/codes.go | grep -o '= [0-9]*' | sort | uniq -d | grep .
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
           cache: false
       - name: Install dependencies
         if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev libpcap-dev
       - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v3
+        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v4
         with:
           version: latest
-          args: --timeout=12m
+          args: --timeout=12m --out-format colored-line-number

.github/workflows/install-script-test.yml

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
   test-install-script:
     strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
       max-parallel: 2
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: run install script
         env:

.github/workflows/mobile-build-validation.yml

@@ -15,23 +15,23 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
       - name: Setup Android SDK
         uses: android-actions/setup-android@v3
         with:
           cmdline-tools-version: 8512546
       - name: Setup Java
-        uses: actions/setup-java@v3
+        uses: actions/setup-java@v4
         with:
           java-version: "11"
           distribution: "adopt"
       - name: NDK Cache
         id: ndk-cache
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: /usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk
           key: ndk-cache-23.1.7779620
@@ -50,11 +50,11 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
       - name: install gomobile
         run: go install golang.org/x/mobile/cmd/gomobile@v0.0.0-20240404231514-09dbf07665ed
       - name: gomobile init
@@ -62,4 +62,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: build iOS netbird lib
         run: PATH=$PATH:$(go env GOPATH) gomobile bind -target=ios -bundleid=io.netbird.framework -ldflags="-X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version=buildtest" -o ./NetBirdSDK.xcframework ./client/ios/NetBirdSDK
         env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: 0
+          CGO_ENABLED: 0

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -3,15 +3,16 @@ name: Release
 on:
   push:
     tags:
-      - 'v*'
+      - "v*"
     branches:
       - main
   pull_request:
 
-
 env:
-  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.0.11"
-  GORELEASER_VER: "v1.14.1"
+  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.0.17"
+  GORELEASER_VER: "v2.3.2"
+  PRODUCT_NAME: "NetBird"
+  COPYRIGHT: "Wiretrustee UG (haftungsbeschreankt)"
 
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}-${{ github.head_ref || github.actor_id }}
@@ -19,26 +20,30 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   release:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     env:
       flags: ""
     steps:
+      - name: Parse semver string
+        id: semver_parser
+        uses: booxmedialtd/ws-action-parse-semver@v1
+        with:
+          input_string: ${{ (startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && github.ref) || 'refs/tags/v0.0.0' }}
+          version_extractor_regex: '\/v(.*)$'
+
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
-      -
-        name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21"
+          go-version: "1.23"
           cache: false
-      -
-        name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
@@ -46,73 +51,57 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-releaser-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-go-releaser-
-      -
-        name: Install modules
+      - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
-      -
-        name: check git status
+      - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
-      -
-        name: Set up QEMU
+      - name: Set up QEMU
         uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
-      -
-        name: Set up Docker Buildx
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
         uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
-      -
-        name: Login to Docker hub
+      - name: Login to Docker hub
         if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
         uses: docker/login-action@v1
         with:
-          username: netbirdio
+          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
       - name: Install OS build dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu
 
-      - name: Install rsrc
-        run: go install github.com/akavel/rsrc@v0.10.2
-      - name: Generate windows rsrc amd64
-        run: rsrc -arch amd64 -ico client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -o client/resources_windows_amd64.syso
-      - name: Generate windows rsrc arm64
-        run: rsrc -arch arm64 -ico client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -o client/resources_windows_arm64.syso
-      - name: Generate windows rsrc arm
-        run: rsrc -arch arm -ico client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -o client/resources_windows_arm.syso
-      - name: Generate windows rsrc 386
-        run: rsrc -arch 386 -ico client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -o client/resources_windows_386.syso
-      -
-        name: Run GoReleaser
+      - name: Install goversioninfo
+        run: go install github.com/josephspurrier/goversioninfo/cmd/goversioninfo@233067e
+      - name: Generate windows syso amd64
+        run: goversioninfo  -icon client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }} -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/resources_windows_amd64.syso
+      - name: Run GoReleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
-          args: release --rm-dist ${{ env.flags }}
+          args: release --clean ${{ env.flags }}
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           HOMEBREW_TAP_GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.HOMEBREW_TAP_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           UPLOAD_DEBIAN_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
           UPLOAD_YUM_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
-      -
-        name: upload non tags for debug purposes
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: release
           path: dist/
           retention-days: 3
-      -
-        name: upload linux packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      - name: upload linux packages
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: linux-packages
           path: dist/netbird_linux**
           retention-days: 3
-      -
-        name: upload windows packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      - name: upload windows packages
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: windows-packages
           path: dist/netbird_windows**
           retention-days: 3
-      -
-        name: upload macos packages
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      - name: upload macos packages
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: macos-packages
           path: dist/netbird_darwin**
@@ -121,22 +110,29 @@ jobs:
   release_ui:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
+      - name: Parse semver string
+        id: semver_parser
+        uses: booxmedialtd/ws-action-parse-semver@v1
+        with:
+          input_string: ${{ (startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') && github.ref) || 'refs/tags/v0.0.0' }}
+          version_extractor_regex: '\/v(.*)$'
+
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
       - name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
 
       - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21"
+          go-version: "1.23"
           cache: false
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
-          path: | 
+          path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
             ~/.cache/go-build
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-ui-go-releaser-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
@@ -151,22 +147,23 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libappindicator3-dev gir1.2-appindicator3-0.1 libxxf86vm-dev gcc-mingw-w64-x86-64
-      - name: Install rsrc
-        run: go install github.com/akavel/rsrc@v0.10.2
-      - name: Generate windows rsrc
-        run: rsrc -arch amd64 -ico client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/ui/manifest.xml -o client/ui/resources_windows_amd64.syso
+      - name: Install goversioninfo
+        run: go install github.com/josephspurrier/goversioninfo/cmd/goversioninfo@233067e
+      - name: Generate windows syso amd64
+        run: goversioninfo -64 -icon client/ui/netbird.ico -manifest client/ui/manifest.xml -product-name ${{ env.PRODUCT_NAME }}-"UI" -copyright "${{ env.COPYRIGHT }}" -ver-major ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.major }} -ver-minor ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.minor }} -ver-patch ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.patch }} -ver-build 0 -file-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -product-version ${{ steps.semver_parser.outputs.fullversion }}.0 -o client/ui/resources_windows_amd64.syso
+
       - name: Run GoReleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
-          args: release --config .goreleaser_ui.yaml --rm-dist ${{ env.flags }}
+          args: release --config .goreleaser_ui.yaml --clean ${{ env.flags }}
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           HOMEBREW_TAP_GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.HOMEBREW_TAP_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           UPLOAD_DEBIAN_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
           UPLOAD_YUM_SECRET: ${{ secrets.PKG_UPLOAD_SECRET }}
       - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: release-ui
           path: dist/
@@ -177,20 +174,17 @@ jobs:
     steps:
       - if: ${{ !startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
         run: echo "flags=--snapshot" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           fetch-depth: 0 # It is required for GoReleaser to work properly
-      -
-        name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+      - name: Set up Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21"
+          go-version: "1.23"
           cache: false
-      -
-        name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: |
             ~/go/pkg/mod
@@ -198,53 +192,35 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-ui-go-releaser-darwin-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-ui-go-releaser-darwin-
-      -
-        name: Install modules
+      - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
-      - 
-        name: check git status
+      - name: check git status
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
-      -
-        name: Run GoReleaser
+      - name: Run GoReleaser
         id: goreleaser
         uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v4
         with:
           version: ${{ env.GORELEASER_VER }}
-          args: release --config .goreleaser_ui_darwin.yaml --rm-dist ${{ env.flags }}
+          args: release --config .goreleaser_ui_darwin.yaml --clean ${{ env.flags }}
         env:
           GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      -
-        name: upload non tags for debug purposes
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
+      - name: upload non tags for debug purposes
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: release-ui-darwin
           path: dist/
           retention-days: 3
 
-  trigger_windows_signer:
+  trigger_signer:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [release,release_ui]
+    needs: [release, release_ui, release_ui_darwin]
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
     steps:
-      - name: Trigger Windows binaries sign pipeline
+      - name: Trigger binaries sign pipelines
         uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
         with:
-          workflow: Sign windows bin and installer
+          workflow: Sign bin and installer
           repo: netbirdio/sign-pipelines
           ref: ${{ env.SIGN_PIPE_VER }}
           token: ${{ secrets.SIGN_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}" }'
-
-  trigger_darwin_signer:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    needs: [release,release_ui_darwin]
-    if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/')
-    steps:
-      - name: Trigger Darwin App binaries sign pipeline
-        uses: benc-uk/workflow-dispatch@v1
-        with:
-          workflow: Sign darwin ui app with dispatch
-          repo: netbirdio/sign-pipelines
-          ref: ${{ env.SIGN_PIPE_VER }}
-          token: ${{ secrets.SIGN_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}" }'
+          inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}", "skipRelease": false }'

.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,49 @@ concurrency:
 jobs:
   test-docker-compose:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres', 'mysql' ]
+    services:
+      postgres:
+        image: ${{ (matrix.store == 'postgres') && 'postgres' || '' }}
+        env:
+          POSTGRES_USER: netbird
+          POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
+          POSTGRES_DB: netbird
+        options: >-
+          --health-cmd pg_isready
+          --health-interval 10s
+          --health-timeout 5s
+        ports:
+          - 5432:5432
+      mysql:
+        image: ${{ (matrix.store == 'mysql') && 'mysql' || '' }}
+        env:
+          MYSQL_USER: netbird
+          MYSQL_PASSWORD: mysql
+          MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: mysqlroot
+          MYSQL_DATABASE: netbird
+        options: >-
+          --health-cmd "mysqladmin ping --silent"
+          --health-interval 10s
+          --health-timeout 5s
+        ports:
+          - 3306:3306
     steps:
+      - name: Set Database Connection String
+        run: |
+          if [ "${{ matrix.store }}" == "postgres" ]; then
+            echo "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN=host=$(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}') user=netbird password=postgres dbname=netbird port=5432" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          else
+            echo "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN==" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+          if [ "${{ matrix.store }}" == "mysql" ]; then
+            echo "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN=netbird:mysql@tcp($(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}'):3306)/netbird" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          else
+            echo "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN==" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          fi
+
       - name: Install jq
         run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
 
@@ -26,12 +68,12 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo apt-get install -y curl
 
       - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
-          go-version: "1.21.x"
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
 
       - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache@v3
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
         with:
           path: ~/go/pkg/mod
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-go-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
@@ -39,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
             ${{ runner.os }}-go-
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: cp setup.env
         run: cp infrastructure_files/tests/setup.env infrastructure_files/
@@ -58,7 +100,9 @@ jobs:
           CI_NETBIRD_IDP_MGMT_CLIENT_ID: testing.client.id
           CI_NETBIRD_IDP_MGMT_CLIENT_SECRET: testing.client.secret
           CI_NETBIRD_AUTH_SUPPORTED_SCOPES: "openid profile email offline_access api email_verified"
-          CI_NETBIRD_STORE_CONFIG_ENGINE: "sqlite"
+          CI_NETBIRD_STORE_CONFIG_ENGINE: ${{ matrix.store }}
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN: ${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN }}
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN: ${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN }}
           CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_IDP_SIGNKEY_REFRESH: false
 
       - name: check values
@@ -85,7 +129,9 @@ jobs:
           CI_NETBIRD_IDP_MGMT_CLIENT_ID: testing.client.id
           CI_NETBIRD_IDP_MGMT_CLIENT_SECRET: testing.client.secret
           CI_NETBIRD_SIGNAL_PORT: 12345
-          CI_NETBIRD_STORE_CONFIG_ENGINE: "sqlite"
+          CI_NETBIRD_STORE_CONFIG_ENGINE: ${{ matrix.store }}
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN: '${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN }}$'
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN: '${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN }}$'
           CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_IDP_SIGNKEY_REFRESH: false
           CI_NETBIRD_TURN_EXTERNAL_IP: "1.2.3.4"
 
@@ -123,6 +169,15 @@ jobs:
           grep -A 10 PKCEAuthorizationFlow management.json | grep -A 10 ProviderConfig | grep Scope | grep "$CI_NETBIRD_AUTH_SUPPORTED_SCOPES"
           grep -A 10 PKCEAuthorizationFlow management.json | grep -A 10 ProviderConfig | grep -A 3 RedirectURLs | grep "http://localhost:53000"
           grep "external-ip" turnserver.conf | grep $CI_NETBIRD_TURN_EXTERNAL_IP
+          grep "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN=$NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN" docker-compose.yml
+          grep NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN docker-compose.yml | egrep "$NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN"
+          # check relay values
+          grep "NB_EXPOSED_ADDRESS=$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445" docker-compose.yml
+          grep "NB_LISTEN_ADDRESS=:33445" docker-compose.yml
+          grep '33445:33445' docker-compose.yml
+          grep -A 10 'relay:' docker-compose.yml | egrep 'NB_AUTH_SECRET=.+$'
+          grep -A 7 Relay management.json | grep "rel://$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445"
+          grep -A 7 Relay management.json | egrep '"Secret": ".+"'
 
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
@@ -148,26 +203,35 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           docker build -t netbirdio/signal:latest .
 
+      - name: Build relay binary
+        working-directory: relay
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o netbird-relay main.go
+
+      - name: Build relay docker image
+        working-directory: relay
+        run: |
+          docker build -t netbirdio/relay:latest .
+
       - name: run docker compose up
         working-directory: infrastructure_files/artifacts
         run: |
-          docker-compose up -d
+          docker compose up -d
           sleep 5
-          docker-compose ps
-          docker-compose logs --tail=20
+          docker compose ps
+          docker compose logs --tail=20
 
       - name: test running containers
         run: |
           count=$(docker compose ps --format json | jq '. | select(.Name | contains("artifacts")) | .State' | grep -c running)
-          test $count -eq 4
+          test $count -eq 5 || docker compose logs
         working-directory: infrastructure_files/artifacts
 
       - name: test geolocation databases
         working-directory: infrastructure_files/artifacts
         run: |
           sleep 30
-          docker compose exec management ls -l /var/lib/netbird/ | grep -i GeoLite2-City.mmdb
-          docker compose exec management ls -l /var/lib/netbird/ | grep -i geonames.db
+          docker compose exec management ls -l /var/lib/netbird/ | grep -i GeoLite2-City_[0-9]*.mmdb
+          docker compose exec management ls -l /var/lib/netbird/ | grep -i geonames_[0-9]*.db
 
   test-getting-started-script:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -176,7 +240,7 @@ jobs:
         run: sudo apt-get install -y jq
 
       - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
       - name: run script with Zitadel PostgreSQL
         run: NETBIRD_DOMAIN=use-ip bash -x infrastructure_files/getting-started-with-zitadel.sh
@@ -191,7 +255,7 @@ jobs:
         run: test -f management.json
 
       - name: test turnserver.conf file gen postgres
-        run: | 
+        run: |
           set -x
           test -f turnserver.conf
           grep external-ip turnserver.conf
@@ -202,12 +266,15 @@ jobs:
       - name: test dashboard.env file gen postgres
         run: test -f dashboard.env
 
+      - name: test relay.env file gen postgres
+        run: test -f relay.env
+
       - name: test zdb.env file gen postgres
         run: test -f zdb.env
 
       - name: Postgres run cleanup
         run: |
-          docker-compose down --volumes --rmi all
+          docker compose down --volumes --rmi all
           rm -rf docker-compose.yml Caddyfile zitadel.env dashboard.env machinekey/zitadel-admin-sa.token turnserver.conf management.json zdb.env
 
       - name: run script with Zitadel CockroachDB
@@ -226,7 +293,7 @@ jobs:
         run: test -f management.json
 
       - name: test turnserver.conf file gen CockroachDB
-        run: | 
+        run: |
           set -x
           test -f turnserver.conf
           grep external-ip turnserver.conf
@@ -237,20 +304,5 @@ jobs:
       - name: test dashboard.env file gen CockroachDB
         run: test -f dashboard.env
 
-  test-download-geolite2-script:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Install jq
-        run: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y unzip sqlite3
-
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-
-      - name: test script
-        run: bash -x infrastructure_files/download-geolite2.sh
-
-      - name: test mmdb file exists
-        run: test -f GeoLite2-City.mmdb
-
-      - name: test geonames file exists
-        run: test -f geonames.db
+      - name: test relay.env file gen CockroachDB
+        run: test -f relay.env

.gitignore

@@ -29,4 +29,3 @@ infrastructure_files/setup.env
 infrastructure_files/setup-*.env
 .vscode
 .DS_Store
-GeoLite2-City*

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+version: 2
+
 project_name: netbird
 builds:
   - id: netbird
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ builds:
         goarch: 386
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
     tags:
       - load_wgnt_from_rsrc
 
@@ -42,19 +44,19 @@ builds:
       - softfloat
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
     tags:
       - load_wgnt_from_rsrc
 
   - id: netbird-mgmt
     dir: management
     env:
-    - CGO_ENABLED=1
-    - >-
-      {{- if eq .Runtime.Goos "linux" }}
-        {{- if eq .Arch "arm64"}}CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc{{- end }}
-        {{- if eq .Arch "arm"}}CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc{{- end }}
-      {{- end }}
+      - CGO_ENABLED=1
+      - >-
+        {{- if eq .Runtime.Goos "linux" }}
+          {{- if eq .Arch "arm64"}}CC=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc{{- end }}
+          {{- if eq .Arch "arm"}}CC=arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc{{- end }}
+        {{- end }}
     binary: netbird-mgmt
     goos:
       - linux
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ builds:
       - arm
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
 
   - id: netbird-signal
     dir: signal
@@ -78,7 +80,24 @@ builds:
       - arm
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
+
+  - id: netbird-relay
+    dir: relay
+    env: [CGO_ENABLED=0]
+    binary: netbird-relay
+    goos:
+      - linux
+    goarch:
+      - amd64
+      - arm64
+      - arm
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
+
+universal_binaries:
+  - id: netbird
 
 archives:
   - builds:
@@ -86,7 +105,6 @@ archives:
       - netbird-static
 
 nfpms:
-
   - maintainer: Netbird <dev@netbird.io>
     description: Netbird client.
     homepage: https://netbird.io/
@@ -161,6 +179,97 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+    ids:
+      - netbird
+    goarch: amd64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: client/Dockerfile-rootless
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/amd64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+    ids:
+      - netbird
+    goarch: arm64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: client/Dockerfile-rootless
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+    ids:
+      - netbird
+    goarch: arm
+    goarm: 6
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: client/Dockerfile-rootless
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+    ids:
+      - netbird-relay
+    goarch: amd64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: relay/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/amd64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+    ids:
+      - netbird-relay
+    goarch: arm64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: relay/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+    ids:
+      - netbird-relay
+    goarch: arm
+    goarm: 6
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: relay/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-amd64
     ids:
@@ -313,6 +422,30 @@ docker_manifests:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-amd64
 
+  - name_template: netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+
+  - name_template: netbirdio/netbird:rootless-latest
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+      - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+
+  - name_template: netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: netbirdio/relay:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
   - name_template: netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}
     image_templates:
       - netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
@@ -344,10 +477,9 @@ docker_manifests:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-amd64
 
 brews:
-  -
-    ids:
+  - ids:
       - default
-    tap:
+    repository:
       owner: netbirdio
       name: homebrew-tap
       token: "{{ .Env.HOMEBREW_TAP_GITHUB_TOKEN }}"
@@ -364,7 +496,7 @@ brews:
 uploads:
   - name: debian
     ids:
-    - netbird-deb
+      - netbird-deb
     mode: archive
     target: https://pkgs.wiretrustee.com/debian/pool/{{ .ArtifactName }};deb.distribution=stable;deb.component=main;deb.architecture={{ if .Arm }}armhf{{ else }}{{ .Arch }}{{ end }};deb.package=
     username: dev@wiretrustee.com
@@ -386,4 +518,4 @@ checksum:
 release:
   extra_files:
     - glob: ./infrastructure_files/getting-started-with-zitadel.sh
-    - glob: ./release_files/install.sh
+    - glob: ./release_files/install.sh

.goreleaser_ui.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+version: 2
+
 project_name: netbird-ui
 builds:
   - id: netbird-ui
@@ -11,9 +13,7 @@ builds:
       - amd64
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    tags:
-      - legacy_appindicator
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
 
   - id: netbird-ui-windows
     dir: client/ui
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ builds:
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
       - -H windowsgui
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
 
 archives:
   - id: linux-arch
@@ -41,7 +41,6 @@ archives:
       - netbird-ui-windows
 
 nfpms:
-
   - maintainer: Netbird <dev@netbird.io>
     description: Netbird client UI.
     homepage: https://netbird.io/
@@ -79,7 +78,7 @@ nfpms:
 uploads:
   - name: debian
     ids:
-    - netbird-ui-deb
+      - netbird-ui-deb
     mode: archive
     target: https://pkgs.wiretrustee.com/debian/pool/{{ .ArtifactName }};deb.distribution=stable;deb.component=main;deb.architecture={{ if .Arm }}armhf{{ else }}{{ .Arch }}{{ end }};deb.package=
     username: dev@wiretrustee.com

.goreleaser_ui_darwin.yaml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+version: 2
+
 project_name: netbird-ui
 builds:
   - id: netbird-ui-darwin
@@ -17,10 +19,13 @@ builds:
       - softfloat
     ldflags:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
-    mod_timestamp: '{{ .CommitTimestamp }}'
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
     tags:
       - load_wgnt_from_rsrc
 
+universal_binaries:
+  - id: netbird-ui-darwin
+
 archives:
   - builds:
       - netbird-ui-darwin
@@ -28,4 +33,4 @@ archives:
 checksum:
   name_template: "{{ .ProjectName }}_darwin_checksums.txt"
 changelog:
-  skip: true
+  disable: true

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ They can be executed from the repository root before every push or PR:
 
 **Goreleaser**
 ```shell
-goreleaser --snapshot --rm-dist
+goreleaser build --snapshot --clean
 ```
 **golangci-lint**
 ```shell

README.md

@@ -1,22 +1,21 @@
-<p align="center">
- <strong>:hatching_chick: New Release! Device Posture Checks.</strong>
-  <a href="https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-posture-checks">
-       Learn more
-     </a>   
-</p>
-<br/>
 <div align="center">
 <p align="center">
   <img width="234" src="docs/media/logo-full.png"/>
 </p>
   <p>
+   <a href="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-BSD--3-blue)">
+       <img src="https://sonarcloud.io/api/project_badges/measure?project=netbirdio_netbird&metric=alert_status" />
+     </a> 
      <a href="https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/LICENSE">
        <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-BSD--3-blue" />
      </a> 
-   <a href="https://www.codacy.com/gh/netbirdio/netbird/dashboard?utm_source=github.com&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_content=netbirdio/netbird&amp;utm_campaign=Badge_Grade"><img src="https://app.codacy.com/project/badge/Grade/e3013d046aec44cdb7462c8673b00976"/></a>
     <br>
-    <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-vrahf41g-ik1v7fV8du6t0RwxSrJ96A">
+    <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-2utg2ncdz-W7LEB6toRBLE1Jca37dYpg">
         <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/slack-@netbird-red.svg?logo=slack"/>
+     </a>  
+     <br>
+    <a href="https://gurubase.io/g/netbird">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Gurubase-Ask%20NetBird%20Guru-006BFF"/>
      </a>    
   </p>
 </div>
@@ -28,7 +27,7 @@
   <br/>
   See <a href="https://netbird.io/docs/">Documentation</a>
   <br/>
-   Join our <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-vrahf41g-ik1v7fV8du6t0RwxSrJ96A">Slack channel</a>
+   Join our <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-2utg2ncdz-W7LEB6toRBLE1Jca37dYpg">Slack channel</a>
   <br/>
  
 </strong>
@@ -47,6 +46,8 @@
 
 ![netbird_2](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/assets/700848/46bc3b73-508d-4a0e-bb9a-f465d68646ab)
 
+### NetBird on Lawrence Systems (Video)
+[![Watch the video](https://img.youtube.com/vi/Kwrff6h0rEw/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kwrff6h0rEw)
 
 ### Key features
 
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@
 |                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] [Quantum-resistance with Rosenpass](https://netbird.io/knowledge-hub/the-first-quantum-resistant-mesh-vpn) </ul></li> |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] OpenWRT </ul></li>                                                      |
 |                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          | <ui><li> - \[x] [Periodic re-authentication](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/enforce-periodic-user-authentication)</ul></li>           |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] [Serverless](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/netbird-on-faas) </ul></li> |
 |                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          |                                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] Docker </ul></li>                                                       |
+
 ### Quickstart with NetBird Cloud
 
 - Download and install NetBird at [https://app.netbird.io/install](https://app.netbird.io/install)

client/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM alpine:3.19
+FROM alpine:3.21.0
 RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates iptables ip6tables
 ENV NB_FOREGROUND_MODE=true
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/netbird","up"]

client/Dockerfile-rootless

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM alpine:3.21.0
+
+COPY netbird /usr/local/bin/netbird
+
+RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates \
+    && adduser -D -h /var/lib/netbird netbird
+WORKDIR /var/lib/netbird
+USER netbird:netbird
+
+ENV NB_FOREGROUND_MODE=true
+ENV NB_USE_NETSTACK_MODE=true
+ENV NB_CONFIG=config.json
+ENV NB_DAEMON_ADDR=unix://netbird.sock
+ENV NB_DISABLE_DNS=true
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/netbird", "up" ]

client/android/client.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/listener"
@@ -15,7 +16,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/stdnet"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/formatter"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ type ConnectionListener interface {
 
 // TunAdapter export internal TunAdapter for mobile
 type TunAdapter interface {
-	iface.TunAdapter
+	device.TunAdapter
 }
 
 // IFaceDiscover export internal IFaceDiscover for mobile
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func init() {
 // Client struct manage the life circle of background service
 type Client struct {
 	cfgFile               string
-	tunAdapter            iface.TunAdapter
+	tunAdapter            device.TunAdapter
 	iFaceDiscover         IFaceDiscover
 	recorder              *peer.Status
 	ctxCancel             context.CancelFunc

client/android/login.go

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (a *Auth) SaveConfigIfSSOSupported(listener SSOListener) {
 func (a *Auth) saveConfigIfSSOSupported() (bool, error) {
 	supportsSSO := true
 	err := a.withBackOff(a.ctx, func() (err error) {
-		_, err = internal.GetPKCEAuthorizationFlowInfo(a.ctx, a.config.PrivateKey, a.config.ManagementURL)
+		_, err = internal.GetPKCEAuthorizationFlowInfo(a.ctx, a.config.PrivateKey, a.config.ManagementURL, nil)
 		if s, ok := gstatus.FromError(err); ok && (s.Code() == codes.NotFound || s.Code() == codes.Unimplemented) {
 			_, err = internal.GetDeviceAuthorizationFlowInfo(a.ctx, a.config.PrivateKey, a.config.ManagementURL)
 			s, ok := gstatus.FromError(err)
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func (a *Auth) login(urlOpener URLOpener) error {
 
 	// check if we need to generate JWT token
 	err := a.withBackOff(a.ctx, func() (err error) {
-		needsLogin, err = internal.IsLoginRequired(a.ctx, a.config.PrivateKey, a.config.ManagementURL, a.config.SSHKey)
+		needsLogin, err = internal.IsLoginRequired(a.ctx, a.config)
 		return
 	})
 	if err != nil {

client/anonymize/anonymize.go

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 )
 
+const anonTLD = ".domain"
+
 type Anonymizer struct {
 	ipAnonymizer     map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr
 	domainAnonymizer map[string]string
@@ -19,6 +21,8 @@ type Anonymizer struct {
 	currentAnonIPv6  netip.Addr
 	startAnonIPv4    netip.Addr
 	startAnonIPv6    netip.Addr
+
+	domainKeyRegex *regexp.Regexp
 }
 
 func DefaultAddresses() (netip.Addr, netip.Addr) {
@@ -34,6 +38,8 @@ func NewAnonymizer(startIPv4, startIPv6 netip.Addr) *Anonymizer {
 		currentAnonIPv6:  startIPv6,
 		startAnonIPv4:    startIPv4,
 		startAnonIPv6:    startIPv6,
+
+		domainKeyRegex: regexp.MustCompile(`\bdomain=([^\s,:"]+)`),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -83,29 +89,39 @@ func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeIPString(ip string) string {
 }
 
 func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeDomain(domain string) string {
-	if strings.HasSuffix(domain, "netbird.io") ||
-		strings.HasSuffix(domain, "netbird.selfhosted") ||
-		strings.HasSuffix(domain, "netbird.cloud") ||
-		strings.HasSuffix(domain, "netbird.stage") ||
-		strings.HasSuffix(domain, ".domain") {
+	baseDomain := domain
+	hasDot := strings.HasSuffix(domain, ".")
+	if hasDot {
+		baseDomain = domain[:len(domain)-1]
+	}
+
+	if strings.HasSuffix(baseDomain, "netbird.io") ||
+		strings.HasSuffix(baseDomain, "netbird.selfhosted") ||
+		strings.HasSuffix(baseDomain, "netbird.cloud") ||
+		strings.HasSuffix(baseDomain, "netbird.stage") ||
+		strings.HasSuffix(baseDomain, anonTLD) {
 		return domain
 	}
 
-	parts := strings.Split(domain, ".")
+	parts := strings.Split(baseDomain, ".")
 	if len(parts) < 2 {
 		return domain
 	}
 
-	baseDomain := parts[len(parts)-2] + "." + parts[len(parts)-1]
+	baseForLookup := parts[len(parts)-2] + "." + parts[len(parts)-1]
 
-	anonymized, ok := a.domainAnonymizer[baseDomain]
+	anonymized, ok := a.domainAnonymizer[baseForLookup]
 	if !ok {
-		anonymizedBase := "anon-" + generateRandomString(5) + ".domain"
-		a.domainAnonymizer[baseDomain] = anonymizedBase
+		anonymizedBase := "anon-" + generateRandomString(5) + anonTLD
+		a.domainAnonymizer[baseForLookup] = anonymizedBase
 		anonymized = anonymizedBase
 	}
 
-	return strings.Replace(domain, baseDomain, anonymized, 1)
+	result := strings.Replace(baseDomain, baseForLookup, anonymized, 1)
+	if hasDot {
+		result += "."
+	}
+	return result
 }
 
 func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeURI(uri string) string {
@@ -152,32 +168,42 @@ func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeString(str string) string {
 	return str
 }
 
-// AnonymizeSchemeURI finds and anonymizes URIs with stun, stuns, turn, and turns schemes.
+// AnonymizeSchemeURI finds and anonymizes URIs with ws, wss, rel, rels, stun, stuns, turn, and turns schemes.
 func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeSchemeURI(text string) string {
-	re := regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)\b(stuns?:|turns?:|https?://)\S+\b`)
+	re := regexp.MustCompile(`(?i)\b(wss?://|rels?://|stuns?:|turns?:|https?://)\S+\b`)
 
 	return re.ReplaceAllStringFunc(text, a.AnonymizeURI)
 }
 
-// AnonymizeDNSLogLine anonymizes domain names in DNS log entries by replacing them with a random string.
 func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeDNSLogLine(logEntry string) string {
-	domainPattern := `dns\.Question{Name:"([^"]+)",`
-	domainRegex := regexp.MustCompile(domainPattern)
-
-	return domainRegex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(logEntry, func(match string) string {
-		parts := strings.Split(match, `"`)
+	return a.domainKeyRegex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(logEntry, func(match string) string {
+		parts := strings.SplitN(match, "=", 2)
 		if len(parts) >= 2 {
 			domain := parts[1]
-			if strings.HasSuffix(domain, ".domain") {
+			if strings.HasSuffix(domain, anonTLD) {
 				return match
 			}
-			randomDomain := generateRandomString(10) + ".domain"
-			return strings.Replace(match, domain, randomDomain, 1)
+			return "domain=" + a.AnonymizeDomain(domain)
 		}
 		return match
 	})
 }
 
+// AnonymizeRoute anonymizes a route string by replacing IP addresses with anonymized versions and
+// domain names with random strings.
+func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeRoute(route string) string {
+	prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(route)
+	if err == nil {
+		ip := a.AnonymizeIPString(prefix.Addr().String())
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", ip, prefix.Bits())
+	}
+	domains := strings.Split(route, ", ")
+	for i, domain := range domains {
+		domains[i] = a.AnonymizeDomain(domain)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(domains, ", ")
+}
+
 func isWellKnown(addr netip.Addr) bool {
 	wellKnown := []string{
 		"8.8.8.8", "8.8.4.4", // Google DNS IPv4
@@ -186,6 +212,8 @@ func isWellKnown(addr netip.Addr) bool {
 		"2606:4700:4700::1111", "2606:4700:4700::1001", // Cloudflare DNS IPv6
 		"9.9.9.9", "149.112.112.112", // Quad9 DNS IPv4
 		"2620:fe::fe", "2620:fe::9", // Quad9 DNS IPv6
+
+		"128.0.0.0", "8000::", // 2nd split subnet for default routes
 	}
 
 	if slices.Contains(wellKnown, addr.String()) {

client/anonymize/anonymize_test.go

@@ -46,11 +46,59 @@ func TestAnonymizeIP(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestAnonymizeDNSLogLine(t *testing.T) {
 	anonymizer := anonymize.NewAnonymizer(netip.Addr{}, netip.Addr{})
-	testLog := `2024-04-23T20:01:11+02:00 TRAC client/internal/dns/local.go:25: received question: dns.Question{Name:"example.com", Qtype:0x1c, Qclass:0x1}`
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    string
+		original string
+		expect   string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Basic domain with trailing content",
+			input:    "received DNS request for DNS forwarder: domain=example.com: something happened with code=123",
+			original: "example.com",
+			expect:   `received DNS request for DNS forwarder: domain=anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain: something happened with code=123`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Domain with trailing dot",
+			input:    "domain=example.com. processing request with status=pending",
+			original: "example.com",
+			expect:   `domain=anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain\. processing request with status=pending`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Multiple domains in log",
+			input:    "forward domain=first.com status=ok, redirect to domain=second.com port=443",
+			original: "first.com", // testing just one is sufficient as AnonymizeDomain is tested separately
+			expect:   `forward domain=anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain status=ok, redirect to domain=anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain port=443`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Already anonymized domain",
+			input:    "got request domain=anon-xyz123.domain from=client1 to=server2",
+			original: "", // nothing should be anonymized
+			expect:   `got request domain=anon-xyz123\.domain from=client1 to=server2`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Subdomain with trailing dot",
+			input:    "domain=sub.example.com. next_hop=10.0.0.1 proto=udp",
+			original: "example.com",
+			expect:   `domain=sub\.anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain\. next_hop=10\.0\.0\.1 proto=udp`,
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Handler chain pattern log",
+			input:    "pattern: domain=example.com. original: domain=*.example.com. wildcard=true priority=100",
+			original: "example.com",
+			expect:   `pattern: domain=anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain\. original: domain=\*\.anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain\. wildcard=true priority=100`,
+		},
+	}
 
-	result := anonymizer.AnonymizeDNSLogLine(testLog)
-	require.NotEqual(t, testLog, result)
-	assert.NotContains(t, result, "example.com")
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := anonymizer.AnonymizeDNSLogLine(tc.input)
+			if tc.original != "" {
+				assert.NotContains(t, result, tc.original)
+			}
+			assert.Regexp(t, tc.expect, result)
+		})
+	}
 }
 
 func TestAnonymizeDomain(t *testing.T) {
@@ -67,18 +115,36 @@ func TestAnonymizeDomain(t *testing.T) {
 			`^anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain$`,
 			true,
 		},
+		{
+			"Domain with Trailing Dot",
+			"example.com.",
+			`^anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain.$`,
+			true,
+		},
 		{
 			"Subdomain",
 			"sub.example.com",
 			`^sub\.anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain$`,
 			true,
 		},
+		{
+			"Subdomain with Trailing Dot",
+			"sub.example.com.",
+			`^sub\.anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain.$`,
+			true,
+		},
 		{
 			"Protected Domain",
 			"netbird.io",
 			`^netbird\.io$`,
 			false,
 		},
+		{
+			"Protected Domain with Trailing Dot",
+			"netbird.io.",
+			`^netbird\.io.$`,
+			false,
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {
@@ -140,8 +206,16 @@ func TestAnonymizeSchemeURI(t *testing.T) {
 		expect string
 	}{
 		{"STUN URI in text", "Connection made via stun:example.com", `Connection made via stun:anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain`},
+		{"STUNS URI in message", "Secure connection to stuns:example.com:443", `Secure connection to stuns:anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain:443`},
 		{"TURN URI in log", "Failed attempt turn:some.example.com:3478?transport=tcp: retrying", `Failed attempt turn:some.anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain:3478\?transport=tcp: retrying`},
+		{"TURNS URI in message", "Secure connection to turns:example.com:5349", `Secure connection to turns:anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain:5349`},
+		{"HTTP URI in text", "Visit http://example.com for more", `Visit http://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain for more`},
+		{"HTTPS URI in CAPS", "Visit HTTPS://example.com for more", `Visit https://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain for more`},
 		{"HTTPS URI in message", "Visit https://example.com for more", `Visit https://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain for more`},
+		{"WS URI in log", "Connection established to ws://example.com:8080", `Connection established to ws://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain:8080`},
+		{"WSS URI in message", "Secure connection to wss://example.com", `Secure connection to wss://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain`},
+		{"Rel URI in text", "Relaying to rel://example.com", `Relaying to rel://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain`},
+		{"Rels URI in message", "Relaying to rels://example.com", `Relaying to rels://anon-[a-zA-Z0-9]+\.domain`},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range tests {

client/cmd/debug.go

@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@ package cmd
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
 )
 
+const errCloseConnection = "Failed to close connection: %v"
+
 var debugCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "debug",
 	Short: "Debugging commands",
@@ -58,17 +62,31 @@ var forCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	RunE:    runForDuration,
 }
 
+var persistenceCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "persistence [on|off]",
+	Short:   "Set network map memory persistence",
+	Long:    `Configure whether the latest network map should persist in memory. When enabled, the last known network map will be kept in memory.`,
+	Example: "  netbird debug persistence on",
+	Args:    cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE:    setNetworkMapPersistence,
+}
+
 func debugBundle(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer conn.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
 
 	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
-		Anonymize: anonymizeFlag,
-		Status:    getStatusOutput(cmd),
+		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
+		Status:     getStatusOutput(cmd),
+		SystemInfo: debugSystemInfoFlag,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to bundle debug: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
@@ -84,7 +102,11 @@ func setLogLevel(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer conn.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
 
 	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 	level := server.ParseLogLevel(args[0])
@@ -113,7 +135,11 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer conn.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
 
 	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 
@@ -122,17 +148,20 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get status: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
 
-	restoreUp := stat.Status == string(internal.StatusConnected) || stat.Status == string(internal.StatusConnecting)
+	stateWasDown := stat.Status != string(internal.StatusConnected) && stat.Status != string(internal.StatusConnecting)
 
 	initialLogLevel, err := client.GetLogLevel(cmd.Context(), &proto.GetLogLevelRequest{})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get log level: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
 
-	if _, err := client.Down(cmd.Context(), &proto.DownRequest{}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to down: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	if stateWasDown {
+		if _, err := client.Up(cmd.Context(), &proto.UpRequest{}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to up: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+		}
+		cmd.Println("Netbird up")
+		time.Sleep(time.Second * 10)
 	}
-	cmd.Println("Netbird down")
 
 	initialLevelTrace := initialLogLevel.GetLevel() >= proto.LogLevel_TRACE
 	if !initialLevelTrace {
@@ -145,8 +174,20 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		cmd.Println("Log level set to trace.")
 	}
 
+	if _, err := client.Down(cmd.Context(), &proto.DownRequest{}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to down: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+	cmd.Println("Netbird down")
+
 	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
 
+	// Enable network map persistence before bringing the service up
+	if _, err := client.SetNetworkMapPersistence(cmd.Context(), &proto.SetNetworkMapPersistenceRequest{
+		Enabled: true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to enable network map persistence: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
 	if _, err := client.Up(cmd.Context(), &proto.UpRequest{}); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to up: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
@@ -162,21 +203,32 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	}
 	cmd.Println("\nDuration completed")
 
+	cmd.Println("Creating debug bundle...")
+
 	headerPreDown := fmt.Sprintf("----- Netbird pre-down - Timestamp: %s - Duration: %s", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339), duration)
 	statusOutput = fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", statusOutput, headerPreDown, getStatusOutput(cmd))
 
-	if _, err := client.Down(cmd.Context(), &proto.DownRequest{}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to down: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
+		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
+		Status:     statusOutput,
+		SystemInfo: debugSystemInfoFlag,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to bundle debug: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
-	cmd.Println("Netbird down")
 
-	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	// Disable network map persistence after creating the debug bundle
+	if _, err := client.SetNetworkMapPersistence(cmd.Context(), &proto.SetNetworkMapPersistenceRequest{
+		Enabled: false,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to disable network map persistence: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
 
-	if restoreUp {
-		if _, err := client.Up(cmd.Context(), &proto.UpRequest{}); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to up: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	if stateWasDown {
+		if _, err := client.Down(cmd.Context(), &proto.DownRequest{}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to down: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 		}
-		cmd.Println("Netbird up")
+		cmd.Println("Netbird down")
 	}
 
 	if !initialLevelTrace {
@@ -186,21 +238,39 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		cmd.Println("Log level restored to", initialLogLevel.GetLevel())
 	}
 
-	cmd.Println("Creating debug bundle...")
-
-	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
-		Anonymize: anonymizeFlag,
-		Status:    statusOutput,
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to bundle debug: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
-	}
-
 	cmd.Println(resp.GetPath())
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+func setNetworkMapPersistence(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	persistence := strings.ToLower(args[0])
+	if persistence != "on" && persistence != "off" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid persistence value: %s. Use 'on' or 'off'", args[0])
+	}
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	_, err = client.SetNetworkMapPersistence(cmd.Context(), &proto.SetNetworkMapPersistenceRequest{
+		Enabled: persistence == "on",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set network map persistence: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	cmd.Printf("Network map persistence set to: %s\n", persistence)
+	return nil
+}
+
 func getStatusOutput(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
 	var statusOutputString string
 	statusResp, err := getStatus(cmd.Context())

client/cmd/down.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ var downCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			return err
 		}
 
-		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*3)
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*7)
 		defer cancel()
 
 		conn, err := DialClientGRPCServer(ctx, daemonAddr)
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ var downCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			log.Errorf("call service down method: %v", err)
 			return err
 		}
+
+		cmd.Println("Disconnected")
 		return nil
 	},
 }

client/cmd/login.go

@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, system.DeviceNameCtxKey, hostName)
 		}
 
+		providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
 		// workaround to run without service
 		if logFile == "console" {
 			err = handleRebrand(cmd)
@@ -62,7 +67,7 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 
 			config, _ = internal.UpdateOldManagementURL(ctx, config, configPath)
 
-			err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, setupKey)
+			err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, providedSetupKey)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("foreground login failed: %v", err)
 			}
@@ -81,7 +86,7 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 
 		loginRequest := proto.LoginRequest{
-			SetupKey:             setupKey,
+			SetupKey:             providedSetupKey,
 			ManagementUrl:        managementURL,
 			IsLinuxDesktopClient: isLinuxRunningDesktop(),
 			Hostname:             hostName,

client/cmd/login_test.go

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 

client/cmd/networks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+)
+
+var appendFlag bool
+
+var networksCMD = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "networks",
+	Aliases: []string{"routes"},
+	Short:   "Manage networks",
+	Long:    `Commands to list, select, or deselect networks. Replaces the "routes" command.`,
+}
+
+var routesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "list",
+	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
+	Short:   "List networks",
+	Example: "  netbird networks list",
+	Long:    "List all available network routes.",
+	RunE:    networksList,
+}
+
+var routesSelectCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "select network...|all",
+	Short:   "Select network",
+	Long:    "Select a list of networks by identifiers or 'all' to clear all selections and to accept all (including new) networks.\nDefault mode is replace, use -a to append to already selected networks.",
+	Example: "  netbird networks select all\n  netbird networks select route1 route2\n  netbird routes select -a route3",
+	Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+	RunE:    networksSelect,
+}
+
+var routesDeselectCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "deselect network...|all",
+	Short:   "Deselect networks",
+	Long:    "Deselect previously selected networks by identifiers or 'all' to disable accepting any networks.",
+	Example: "  netbird networks deselect all\n  netbird networks deselect route1 route2",
+	Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+	RunE:    networksDeselect,
+}
+
+func init() {
+	routesSelectCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&appendFlag, "append", "a", false, "Append to current network selection instead of replacing")
+}
+
+func networksList(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	resp, err := client.ListNetworks(cmd.Context(), &proto.ListNetworksRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to list network: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	if len(resp.Routes) == 0 {
+		cmd.Println("No networks available.")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	printNetworks(cmd, resp)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func printNetworks(cmd *cobra.Command, resp *proto.ListNetworksResponse) {
+	cmd.Println("Available Networks:")
+	for _, route := range resp.Routes {
+		printNetwork(cmd, route)
+	}
+}
+
+func printNetwork(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Network) {
+	selectedStatus := getSelectedStatus(route)
+	domains := route.GetDomains()
+
+	if len(domains) > 0 {
+		printDomainRoute(cmd, route, domains, selectedStatus)
+	} else {
+		printNetworkRoute(cmd, route, selectedStatus)
+	}
+}
+
+func getSelectedStatus(route *proto.Network) string {
+	if route.GetSelected() {
+		return "Selected"
+	}
+	return "Not Selected"
+}
+
+func printDomainRoute(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Network, domains []string, selectedStatus string) {
+	cmd.Printf("\n  - ID: %s\n    Domains: %s\n    Status: %s\n", route.GetID(), strings.Join(domains, ", "), selectedStatus)
+	resolvedIPs := route.GetResolvedIPs()
+
+	if len(resolvedIPs) > 0 {
+		printResolvedIPs(cmd, domains, resolvedIPs)
+	} else {
+		cmd.Printf("    Resolved IPs: -\n")
+	}
+}
+
+func printNetworkRoute(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Network, selectedStatus string) {
+	cmd.Printf("\n  - ID: %s\n    Network: %s\n    Status: %s\n", route.GetID(), route.GetRange(), selectedStatus)
+}
+
+func printResolvedIPs(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string, resolvedIPs map[string]*proto.IPList) {
+	cmd.Printf("    Resolved IPs:\n")
+	for resolvedDomain, ipList := range resolvedIPs {
+		cmd.Printf("      [%s]: %s\n", resolvedDomain, strings.Join(ipList.GetIps(), ", "))
+	}
+}
+
+func networksSelect(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	req := &proto.SelectNetworksRequest{
+		NetworkIDs: args,
+	}
+
+	if len(args) == 1 && args[0] == "all" {
+		req.All = true
+	} else if appendFlag {
+		req.Append = true
+	}
+
+	if _, err := client.SelectNetworks(cmd.Context(), req); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to select networks: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	cmd.Println("Networks selected successfully.")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func networksDeselect(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	req := &proto.SelectNetworksRequest{
+		NetworkIDs: args,
+	}
+
+	if len(args) == 1 && args[0] == "all" {
+		req.All = true
+	}
+
+	if _, err := client.DeselectNetworks(cmd.Context(), req); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to deselect networks: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	cmd.Println("Networks deselected successfully.")
+
+	return nil
+}

client/cmd/pprof.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//go:build pprof
+// +build pprof
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	_ "net/http/pprof"
+	"os"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	addr := pprofAddr()
+	go pprof(addr)
+}
+
+func pprofAddr() string {
+	listenAddr := os.Getenv("NB_PPROF_ADDR")
+	if listenAddr == "" {
+		return "localhost:6969"
+	}
+
+	return listenAddr
+}
+
+func pprof(listenAddr string) {
+	log.Infof("listening pprof on: %s\n", listenAddr)
+	if err := http.ListenAndServe(listenAddr, nil); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("Failed to start pprof: %v", err)
+	}
+}

client/cmd/root.go

@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@ const (
 	serverSSHAllowedFlag    = "allow-server-ssh"
 	extraIFaceBlackListFlag = "extra-iface-blacklist"
 	dnsRouteIntervalFlag    = "dns-router-interval"
+	systemInfoFlag          = "system-info"
+	blockLANAccessFlag      = "block-lan-access"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ var (
 	managementURL           string
 	adminURL                string
 	setupKey                string
+	setupKeyPath            string
 	hostName                string
 	preSharedKey            string
 	natExternalIPs          []string
@@ -69,7 +72,9 @@ var (
 	autoConnectDisabled     bool
 	extraIFaceBlackList     []string
 	anonymizeFlag           bool
+	debugSystemInfoFlag     bool
 	dnsRouteInterval        time.Duration
+	blockLANAccess          bool
 
 	rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "netbird",
@@ -91,12 +96,15 @@ func init() {
 	oldDefaultConfigPathDir = "/etc/wiretrustee/"
 	oldDefaultLogFileDir = "/var/log/wiretrustee/"
 
-	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
 		defaultConfigPathDir = os.Getenv("PROGRAMDATA") + "\\Netbird\\"
 		defaultLogFileDir = os.Getenv("PROGRAMDATA") + "\\Netbird\\"
 
 		oldDefaultConfigPathDir = os.Getenv("PROGRAMDATA") + "\\Wiretrustee\\"
 		oldDefaultLogFileDir = os.Getenv("PROGRAMDATA") + "\\Wiretrustee\\"
+	case "freebsd":
+		defaultConfigPathDir = "/var/db/netbird/"
 	}
 
 	defaultConfigPath = defaultConfigPathDir + "config.json"
@@ -121,8 +129,10 @@ func init() {
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&serviceName, "service", "s", defaultServiceName, "Netbird system service name")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&configPath, "config", "c", defaultConfigPath, "Netbird config file location")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&logLevel, "log-level", "l", "info", "sets Netbird log level")
-	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&logFile, "log-file", defaultLogFile, "sets Netbird log path. If console is specified the log will be output to stdout")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&logFile, "log-file", defaultLogFile, "sets Netbird log path. If console is specified the log will be output to stdout. If syslog is specified the log will be sent to syslog daemon.")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&setupKey, "setup-key", "k", "", "Setup key obtained from the Management Service Dashboard (used to register peer)")
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&setupKeyPath, "setup-key-file", "", "The path to a setup key obtained from the Management Service Dashboard (used to register peer) This is ignored if the setup-key flag is provided.")
+	rootCmd.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive("setup-key", "setup-key-file")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&preSharedKey, preSharedKeyFlag, "", "Sets Wireguard PreSharedKey property. If set, then only peers that have the same key can communicate.")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVarP(&hostName, "hostname", "n", "", "Sets a custom hostname for the device")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&anonymizeFlag, "anonymize", "A", false, "anonymize IP addresses and non-netbird.io domains in logs and status output")
@@ -134,19 +144,20 @@ func init() {
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(loginCmd)
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(versionCmd)
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(sshCmd)
-	rootCmd.AddCommand(routesCmd)
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(networksCMD)
 	rootCmd.AddCommand(debugCmd)
 
 	serviceCmd.AddCommand(runCmd, startCmd, stopCmd, restartCmd) // service control commands are subcommands of service
 	serviceCmd.AddCommand(installCmd, uninstallCmd)              // service installer commands are subcommands of service
 
-	routesCmd.AddCommand(routesListCmd)
-	routesCmd.AddCommand(routesSelectCmd, routesDeselectCmd)
+	networksCMD.AddCommand(routesListCmd)
+	networksCMD.AddCommand(routesSelectCmd, routesDeselectCmd)
 
 	debugCmd.AddCommand(debugBundleCmd)
 	debugCmd.AddCommand(logCmd)
 	logCmd.AddCommand(logLevelCmd)
 	debugCmd.AddCommand(forCmd)
+	debugCmd.AddCommand(persistenceCmd)
 
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&natExternalIPs, externalIPMapFlag, nil,
 		`Sets external IPs maps between local addresses and interfaces.`+
@@ -165,6 +176,8 @@ func init() {
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&rosenpassPermissive, rosenpassPermissiveFlag, false, "[Experimental] Enable Rosenpass in permissive mode to allow this peer to accept WireGuard connections without requiring Rosenpass functionality from peers that do not have Rosenpass enabled.")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&serverSSHAllowed, serverSSHAllowedFlag, false, "Allow SSH server on peer. If enabled, the SSH server will be permitted")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&autoConnectDisabled, disableAutoConnectFlag, false, "Disables auto-connect feature. If enabled, then the client won't connect automatically when the service starts.")
+
+	debugCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&debugSystemInfoFlag, systemInfoFlag, "S", false, "Adds system information to the debug bundle")
 }
 
 // SetupCloseHandler handles SIGTERM signal and exits with success
@@ -246,6 +259,21 @@ var CLIBackOffSettings = &backoff.ExponentialBackOff{
 	Clock:               backoff.SystemClock,
 }
 
+func getSetupKey() (string, error) {
+	if setupKeyPath != "" && setupKey == "" {
+		return getSetupKeyFromFile(setupKeyPath)
+	}
+	return setupKey, nil
+}
+
+func getSetupKeyFromFile(setupKeyPath string) (string, error) {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(setupKeyPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to read setup key file: %v", err)
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(string(data)), nil
+}
+
 func handleRebrand(cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 	var err error
 	if logFile == defaultLogFile {

client/cmd/root_test.go

@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 )
 
 func TestInitCommands(t *testing.T) {
@@ -34,3 +38,44 @@ func TestInitCommands(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestSetFlagsFromEnvVars(t *testing.T) {
+	var cmd = &cobra.Command{
+		Use:          "netbird",
+		Long:         "test",
+		SilenceUsage: true,
+		Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+			SetFlagsFromEnvVars(cmd)
+		},
+	}
+
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&natExternalIPs, externalIPMapFlag, nil,
+		`comma separated list of external IPs to map to the Wireguard interface`)
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&interfaceName, interfaceNameFlag, iface.WgInterfaceDefault, "Wireguard interface name")
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&rosenpassEnabled, enableRosenpassFlag, false, "Enable Rosenpass feature Rosenpass.")
+	cmd.PersistentFlags().Uint16Var(&wireguardPort, wireguardPortFlag, iface.DefaultWgPort, "Wireguard interface listening port")
+
+	t.Setenv("NB_EXTERNAL_IP_MAP", "abc,dec")
+	t.Setenv("NB_INTERFACE_NAME", "test-name")
+	t.Setenv("NB_ENABLE_ROSENPASS", "true")
+	t.Setenv("NB_WIREGUARD_PORT", "10000")
+	err := cmd.Execute()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error while running netbird command, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(natExternalIPs) != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 external ips, got %d", len(natExternalIPs))
+	}
+	if natExternalIPs[0] != "abc" || natExternalIPs[1] != "dec" {
+		t.Errorf("expected abc,dec, got %s,%s", natExternalIPs[0], natExternalIPs[1])
+	}
+	if interfaceName != "test-name" {
+		t.Errorf("expected test-name, got %s", interfaceName)
+	}
+	if !rosenpassEnabled {
+		t.Errorf("expected rosenpassEnabled to be true, got false")
+	}
+	if wireguardPort != 10000 {
+		t.Errorf("expected wireguardPort to be 10000, got %d", wireguardPort)
+	}
+}

client/cmd/route.go

@@ -1,174 +0,0 @@
-package cmd
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
-)
-
-var appendFlag bool
-
-var routesCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "routes",
-	Short: "Manage network routes",
-	Long:  `Commands to list, select, or deselect network routes.`,
-}
-
-var routesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:     "list",
-	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
-	Short:   "List routes",
-	Example: "  netbird routes list",
-	Long:    "List all available network routes.",
-	RunE:    routesList,
-}
-
-var routesSelectCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:     "select route...|all",
-	Short:   "Select routes",
-	Long:    "Select a list of routes by identifiers or 'all' to clear all selections and to accept all (including new) routes.\nDefault mode is replace, use -a to append to already selected routes.",
-	Example: "  netbird routes select all\n  netbird routes select route1 route2\n  netbird routes select -a route3",
-	Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
-	RunE:    routesSelect,
-}
-
-var routesDeselectCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:     "deselect route...|all",
-	Short:   "Deselect routes",
-	Long:    "Deselect previously selected routes by identifiers or 'all' to disable accepting any routes.",
-	Example: "  netbird routes deselect all\n  netbird routes deselect route1 route2",
-	Args:    cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
-	RunE:    routesDeselect,
-}
-
-func init() {
-	routesSelectCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&appendFlag, "append", "a", false, "Append to current route selection instead of replacing")
-}
-
-func routesList(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
-	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer conn.Close()
-
-	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
-	resp, err := client.ListRoutes(cmd.Context(), &proto.ListRoutesRequest{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to list routes: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
-	}
-
-	if len(resp.Routes) == 0 {
-		cmd.Println("No routes available.")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	printRoutes(cmd, resp)
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func printRoutes(cmd *cobra.Command, resp *proto.ListRoutesResponse) {
-	cmd.Println("Available Routes:")
-	for _, route := range resp.Routes {
-		printRoute(cmd, route)
-	}
-}
-
-func printRoute(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Route) {
-	selectedStatus := getSelectedStatus(route)
-	domains := route.GetDomains()
-
-	if len(domains) > 0 {
-		printDomainRoute(cmd, route, domains, selectedStatus)
-	} else {
-		printNetworkRoute(cmd, route, selectedStatus)
-	}
-}
-
-func getSelectedStatus(route *proto.Route) string {
-	if route.GetSelected() {
-		return "Selected"
-	}
-	return "Not Selected"
-}
-
-func printDomainRoute(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Route, domains []string, selectedStatus string) {
-	cmd.Printf("\n  - ID: %s\n    Domains: %s\n    Status: %s\n", route.GetID(), strings.Join(domains, ", "), selectedStatus)
-	resolvedIPs := route.GetResolvedIPs()
-
-	if len(resolvedIPs) > 0 {
-		printResolvedIPs(cmd, domains, resolvedIPs)
-	} else {
-		cmd.Printf("    Resolved IPs: -\n")
-	}
-}
-
-func printNetworkRoute(cmd *cobra.Command, route *proto.Route, selectedStatus string) {
-	cmd.Printf("\n  - ID: %s\n    Network: %s\n    Status: %s\n", route.GetID(), route.GetNetwork(), selectedStatus)
-}
-
-func printResolvedIPs(cmd *cobra.Command, domains []string, resolvedIPs map[string]*proto.IPList) {
-	cmd.Printf("    Resolved IPs:\n")
-	for _, domain := range domains {
-		if ipList, exists := resolvedIPs[domain]; exists {
-			cmd.Printf("      [%s]: %s\n", domain, strings.Join(ipList.GetIps(), ", "))
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func routesSelect(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer conn.Close()
-
-	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
-	req := &proto.SelectRoutesRequest{
-		RouteIDs: args,
-	}
-
-	if len(args) == 1 && args[0] == "all" {
-		req.All = true
-	} else if appendFlag {
-		req.Append = true
-	}
-
-	if _, err := client.SelectRoutes(cmd.Context(), req); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to select routes: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
-	}
-
-	cmd.Println("Routes selected successfully.")
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func routesDeselect(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	defer conn.Close()
-
-	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
-	req := &proto.SelectRoutesRequest{
-		RouteIDs: args,
-	}
-
-	if len(args) == 1 && args[0] == "all" {
-		req.All = true
-	}
-
-	if _, err := client.DeselectRoutes(cmd.Context(), req); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to deselect routes: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
-	}
-
-	cmd.Println("Routes deselected successfully.")
-
-	return nil
-}

client/cmd/service.go

@@ -2,18 +2,23 @@ package cmd
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"sync"
+
 	"github.com/kardianos/service"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
 )
 
 type program struct {
-	ctx    context.Context
-	cancel context.CancelFunc
-	serv   *grpc.Server
+	ctx              context.Context
+	cancel           context.CancelFunc
+	serv             *grpc.Server
+	serverInstance   *server.Server
+	serverInstanceMu sync.Mutex
 }
 
 func newProgram(ctx context.Context, cancel context.CancelFunc) *program {

client/cmd/service_controller.go

@@ -61,6 +61,10 @@ func (p *program) Start(svc service.Service) error {
 		}
 		proto.RegisterDaemonServiceServer(p.serv, serverInstance)
 
+		p.serverInstanceMu.Lock()
+		p.serverInstance = serverInstance
+		p.serverInstanceMu.Unlock()
+
 		log.Printf("started daemon server: %v", split[1])
 		if err := p.serv.Serve(listen); err != nil {
 			log.Errorf("failed to serve daemon requests: %v", err)
@@ -70,6 +74,16 @@ func (p *program) Start(svc service.Service) error {
 }
 
 func (p *program) Stop(srv service.Service) error {
+	p.serverInstanceMu.Lock()
+	if p.serverInstance != nil {
+		in := new(proto.DownRequest)
+		_, err := p.serverInstance.Down(p.ctx, in)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to stop daemon: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	p.serverInstanceMu.Unlock()
+
 	p.cancel()
 
 	if p.serv != nil {

client/cmd/service_installer.go

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ var installCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			configPath,
 			"--log-level",
 			logLevel,
+			"--daemon-addr",
+			daemonAddr,
 		}
 
 		if managementURL != "" {

client/cmd/ssh.go

@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"syscall"
 
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
@@ -73,7 +72,7 @@ var sshCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		go func() {
 			// blocking
 			if err := runSSH(sshctx, host, []byte(config.SSHKey), cmd); err != nil {
-				log.Debug(err)
+				cmd.Printf("Error: %v\n", err)
 				os.Exit(1)
 			}
 			cancel()

client/cmd/state.go

@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+)
+
+var (
+	allFlag bool
+)
+
+var stateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "state",
+	Short: "Manage daemon state",
+	Long:  "Provides commands for managing and inspecting the Netbird daemon state.",
+}
+
+var stateListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "list",
+	Aliases: []string{"ls"},
+	Short:   "List all stored states",
+	Long:    "Lists all registered states with their status and basic information.",
+	Example: "  netbird state list",
+	RunE:    stateList,
+}
+
+var stateCleanCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "clean [state-name]",
+	Short: "Clean stored states",
+	Long: `Clean specific state or all states. The daemon must not be running.
+This will perform cleanup operations and remove the state.`,
+	Example: `  netbird state clean dns_state
+  netbird state clean --all`,
+	RunE: stateClean,
+	PreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		// Check mutual exclusivity between --all flag and state-name argument
+		if allFlag && len(args) > 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot specify both --all flag and state name")
+		}
+		if !allFlag && len(args) != 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("requires a state name argument or --all flag")
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var stateDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete [state-name]",
+	Short: "Delete stored states",
+	Long: `Delete specific state or all states from storage. The daemon must not be running.
+This will remove the state without performing any cleanup operations.`,
+	Example: `  netbird state delete dns_state
+  netbird state delete --all`,
+	RunE: stateDelete,
+	PreRunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		// Check mutual exclusivity between --all flag and state-name argument
+		if allFlag && len(args) > 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot specify both --all flag and state name")
+		}
+		if !allFlag && len(args) != 1 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("requires a state name argument or --all flag")
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(stateCmd)
+	stateCmd.AddCommand(stateListCmd, stateCleanCmd, stateDeleteCmd)
+
+	stateCleanCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&allFlag, "all", "a", false, "Clean all states")
+	stateDeleteCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&allFlag, "all", "a", false, "Delete all states")
+}
+
+func stateList(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	resp, err := client.ListStates(cmd.Context(), &proto.ListStatesRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to list states: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	cmd.Printf("\nStored states:\n\n")
+	for _, state := range resp.States {
+		cmd.Printf("- %s\n", state.Name)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func stateClean(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	var stateName string
+	if !allFlag {
+		stateName = args[0]
+	}
+
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	resp, err := client.CleanState(cmd.Context(), &proto.CleanStateRequest{
+		StateName: stateName,
+		All:       allFlag,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to clean state: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	if resp.CleanedStates == 0 {
+		cmd.Println("No states were cleaned")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if allFlag {
+		cmd.Printf("Successfully cleaned %d states\n", resp.CleanedStates)
+	} else {
+		cmd.Printf("Successfully cleaned state %q\n", stateName)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func stateDelete(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	var stateName string
+	if !allFlag {
+		stateName = args[0]
+	}
+
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf(errCloseConnection, err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	resp, err := client.DeleteState(cmd.Context(), &proto.DeleteStateRequest{
+		StateName: stateName,
+		All:       allFlag,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete state: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	if resp.DeletedStates == 0 {
+		cmd.Println("No states were deleted")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if allFlag {
+		cmd.Printf("Successfully deleted %d states\n", resp.DeletedStates)
+	} else {
+		cmd.Printf("Successfully deleted state %q\n", stateName)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

client/cmd/status.go

@@ -31,15 +31,16 @@ type peerStateDetailOutput struct {
 	Status                 string           `json:"status" yaml:"status"`
 	LastStatusUpdate       time.Time        `json:"lastStatusUpdate" yaml:"lastStatusUpdate"`
 	ConnType               string           `json:"connectionType" yaml:"connectionType"`
-	Direct                 bool             `json:"direct" yaml:"direct"`
 	IceCandidateType       iceCandidateType `json:"iceCandidateType" yaml:"iceCandidateType"`
 	IceCandidateEndpoint   iceCandidateType `json:"iceCandidateEndpoint" yaml:"iceCandidateEndpoint"`
+	RelayAddress           string           `json:"relayAddress" yaml:"relayAddress"`
 	LastWireguardHandshake time.Time        `json:"lastWireguardHandshake" yaml:"lastWireguardHandshake"`
 	TransferReceived       int64            `json:"transferReceived" yaml:"transferReceived"`
 	TransferSent           int64            `json:"transferSent" yaml:"transferSent"`
 	Latency                time.Duration    `json:"latency" yaml:"latency"`
 	RosenpassEnabled       bool             `json:"quantumResistance" yaml:"quantumResistance"`
 	Routes                 []string         `json:"routes" yaml:"routes"`
+	Networks               []string         `json:"networks" yaml:"networks"`
 }
 
 type peersStateOutput struct {
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ type statusOutputOverview struct {
 	RosenpassEnabled    bool                       `json:"quantumResistance" yaml:"quantumResistance"`
 	RosenpassPermissive bool                       `json:"quantumResistancePermissive" yaml:"quantumResistancePermissive"`
 	Routes              []string                   `json:"routes" yaml:"routes"`
+	Networks            []string                   `json:"networks" yaml:"networks"`
 	NSServerGroups      []nsServerGroupStateOutput `json:"dnsServers" yaml:"dnsServers"`
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +284,8 @@ func convertToStatusOutputOverview(resp *proto.StatusResponse) statusOutputOverv
 		FQDN:                pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetFqdn(),
 		RosenpassEnabled:    pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetRosenpassEnabled(),
 		RosenpassPermissive: pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetRosenpassPermissive(),
-		Routes:              pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetRoutes(),
+		Routes:              pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetNetworks(),
+		Networks:            pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetNetworks(),
 		NSServerGroups:      mapNSGroups(pbFullStatus.GetDnsServers()),
 	}
 
@@ -335,16 +338,18 @@ func mapNSGroups(servers []*proto.NSGroupState) []nsServerGroupStateOutput {
 
 func mapPeers(peers []*proto.PeerState) peersStateOutput {
 	var peersStateDetail []peerStateDetailOutput
-	localICE := ""
-	remoteICE := ""
-	localICEEndpoint := ""
-	remoteICEEndpoint := ""
-	connType := ""
 	peersConnected := 0
-	lastHandshake := time.Time{}
-	transferReceived := int64(0)
-	transferSent := int64(0)
 	for _, pbPeerState := range peers {
+		localICE := ""
+		remoteICE := ""
+		localICEEndpoint := ""
+		remoteICEEndpoint := ""
+		relayServerAddress := ""
+		connType := ""
+		lastHandshake := time.Time{}
+		transferReceived := int64(0)
+		transferSent := int64(0)
+
 		isPeerConnected := pbPeerState.ConnStatus == peer.StatusConnected.String()
 		if skipDetailByFilters(pbPeerState, isPeerConnected) {
 			continue
@@ -360,6 +365,7 @@ func mapPeers(peers []*proto.PeerState) peersStateOutput {
 			if pbPeerState.Relayed {
 				connType = "Relayed"
 			}
+			relayServerAddress = pbPeerState.GetRelayAddress()
 			lastHandshake = pbPeerState.GetLastWireguardHandshake().AsTime().Local()
 			transferReceived = pbPeerState.GetBytesRx()
 			transferSent = pbPeerState.GetBytesTx()
@@ -372,7 +378,6 @@ func mapPeers(peers []*proto.PeerState) peersStateOutput {
 			Status:           pbPeerState.GetConnStatus(),
 			LastStatusUpdate: timeLocal,
 			ConnType:         connType,
-			Direct:           pbPeerState.GetDirect(),
 			IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
 				Local:  localICE,
 				Remote: remoteICE,
@@ -381,13 +386,15 @@ func mapPeers(peers []*proto.PeerState) peersStateOutput {
 				Local:  localICEEndpoint,
 				Remote: remoteICEEndpoint,
 			},
+			RelayAddress:           relayServerAddress,
 			FQDN:                   pbPeerState.GetFqdn(),
 			LastWireguardHandshake: lastHandshake,
 			TransferReceived:       transferReceived,
 			TransferSent:           transferSent,
 			Latency:                pbPeerState.GetLatency().AsDuration(),
 			RosenpassEnabled:       pbPeerState.GetRosenpassEnabled(),
-			Routes:                 pbPeerState.GetRoutes(),
+			Routes:                 pbPeerState.GetNetworks(),
+			Networks:               pbPeerState.GetNetworks(),
 		}
 
 		peersStateDetail = append(peersStateDetail, peerState)
@@ -488,10 +495,10 @@ func parseGeneralSummary(overview statusOutputOverview, showURL bool, showRelays
 		relaysString = fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d Available", overview.Relays.Available, overview.Relays.Total)
 	}
 
-	routes := "-"
-	if len(overview.Routes) > 0 {
-		sort.Strings(overview.Routes)
-		routes = strings.Join(overview.Routes, ", ")
+	networks := "-"
+	if len(overview.Networks) > 0 {
+		sort.Strings(overview.Networks)
+		networks = strings.Join(overview.Networks, ", ")
 	}
 
 	var dnsServersString string
@@ -553,6 +560,7 @@ func parseGeneralSummary(overview statusOutputOverview, showURL bool, showRelays
 			"Interface type: %s\n"+
 			"Quantum resistance: %s\n"+
 			"Routes: %s\n"+
+			"Networks: %s\n"+
 			"Peers count: %s\n",
 		fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s%s", goos, goarch, goarm),
 		overview.DaemonVersion,
@@ -565,7 +573,8 @@ func parseGeneralSummary(overview statusOutputOverview, showURL bool, showRelays
 		interfaceIP,
 		interfaceTypeString,
 		rosenpassEnabledStatus,
-		routes,
+		networks,
+		networks,
 		peersCountString,
 	)
 	return summary
@@ -628,10 +637,10 @@ func parsePeers(peers peersStateOutput, rosenpassEnabled, rosenpassPermissive bo
 			}
 		}
 
-		routes := "-"
-		if len(peerState.Routes) > 0 {
-			sort.Strings(peerState.Routes)
-			routes = strings.Join(peerState.Routes, ", ")
+		networks := "-"
+		if len(peerState.Networks) > 0 {
+			sort.Strings(peerState.Networks)
+			networks = strings.Join(peerState.Networks, ", ")
 		}
 
 		peerString := fmt.Sprintf(
@@ -641,31 +650,33 @@ func parsePeers(peers peersStateOutput, rosenpassEnabled, rosenpassPermissive bo
 				"  Status: %s\n"+
 				"  -- detail --\n"+
 				"  Connection type: %s\n"+
-				"  Direct: %t\n"+
 				"  ICE candidate (Local/Remote): %s/%s\n"+
 				"  ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): %s/%s\n"+
+				"  Relay server address: %s\n"+
 				"  Last connection update: %s\n"+
 				"  Last WireGuard handshake: %s\n"+
 				"  Transfer status (received/sent) %s/%s\n"+
 				"  Quantum resistance: %s\n"+
 				"  Routes: %s\n"+
+				"  Networks: %s\n"+
 				"  Latency: %s\n",
 			peerState.FQDN,
 			peerState.IP,
 			peerState.PubKey,
 			peerState.Status,
 			peerState.ConnType,
-			peerState.Direct,
 			localICE,
 			remoteICE,
 			localICEEndpoint,
 			remoteICEEndpoint,
+			peerState.RelayAddress,
 			timeAgo(peerState.LastStatusUpdate),
 			timeAgo(peerState.LastWireguardHandshake),
 			toIEC(peerState.TransferReceived),
 			toIEC(peerState.TransferSent),
 			rosenpassEnabledStatus,
-			routes,
+			networks,
+			networks,
 			peerState.Latency.String(),
 		)
 
@@ -677,7 +688,7 @@ func parsePeers(peers peersStateOutput, rosenpassEnabled, rosenpassPermissive bo
 func skipDetailByFilters(peerState *proto.PeerState, isConnected bool) bool {
 	statusEval := false
 	ipEval := false
-	nameEval := false
+	nameEval := true
 
 	if statusFilter != "" {
 		lowerStatusFilter := strings.ToLower(statusFilter)
@@ -697,11 +708,13 @@ func skipDetailByFilters(peerState *proto.PeerState, isConnected bool) bool {
 
 	if len(prefixNamesFilter) > 0 {
 		for prefixNameFilter := range prefixNamesFilterMap {
-			if !strings.HasPrefix(peerState.Fqdn, prefixNameFilter) {
-				nameEval = true
+			if strings.HasPrefix(peerState.Fqdn, prefixNameFilter) {
+				nameEval = false
 				break
 			}
 		}
+	} else {
+		nameEval = false
 	}
 
 	return statusEval || ipEval || nameEval
@@ -802,12 +815,23 @@ func anonymizePeerDetail(a *anonymize.Anonymizer, peer *peerStateDetailOutput) {
 	if remoteIP, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote); err == nil {
 		peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", a.AnonymizeIPString(remoteIP), port)
 	}
+
+	peer.RelayAddress = a.AnonymizeURI(peer.RelayAddress)
+
+	for i, route := range peer.Networks {
+		peer.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeIPString(route)
+	}
+
+	for i, route := range peer.Networks {
+		peer.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
+	}
+
 	for i, route := range peer.Routes {
 		peer.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeIPString(route)
 	}
 
 	for i, route := range peer.Routes {
-		peer.Routes[i] = anonymizeRoute(a, route)
+		peer.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -842,22 +866,13 @@ func anonymizeOverview(a *anonymize.Anonymizer, overview *statusOutputOverview)
 		}
 	}
 
+	for i, route := range overview.Networks {
+		overview.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
+	}
+
 	for i, route := range overview.Routes {
-		overview.Routes[i] = anonymizeRoute(a, route)
+		overview.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
 	}
 
 	overview.FQDN = a.AnonymizeDomain(overview.FQDN)
 }
-
-func anonymizeRoute(a *anonymize.Anonymizer, route string) string {
-	prefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(route)
-	if err == nil {
-		ip := a.AnonymizeIPString(prefix.Addr().String())
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%d", ip, prefix.Bits())
-	}
-	domains := strings.Split(route, ", ")
-	for i, domain := range domains {
-		domains[i] = a.AnonymizeDomain(domain)
-	}
-	return strings.Join(domains, ", ")
-}

client/cmd/status_test.go

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ var resp = &proto.StatusResponse{
 				ConnStatus:                 "Connected",
 				ConnStatusUpdate:           timestamppb.New(time.Date(2001, time.Month(1), 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, time.UTC)),
 				Relayed:                    false,
-				Direct:                     true,
 				LocalIceCandidateType:      "",
 				RemoteIceCandidateType:     "",
 				LocalIceCandidateEndpoint:  "",
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ var resp = &proto.StatusResponse{
 				LastWireguardHandshake:     timestamppb.New(time.Date(2001, time.Month(1), 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, time.UTC)),
 				BytesRx:                    200,
 				BytesTx:                    100,
-				Routes: []string{
+				Networks: []string{
 					"10.1.0.0/24",
 				},
 				Latency: durationpb.New(time.Duration(10000000)),
@@ -57,7 +56,6 @@ var resp = &proto.StatusResponse{
 				ConnStatus:                 "Connected",
 				ConnStatusUpdate:           timestamppb.New(time.Date(2002, time.Month(2), 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, time.UTC)),
 				Relayed:                    true,
-				Direct:                     false,
 				LocalIceCandidateType:      "relay",
 				RemoteIceCandidateType:     "prflx",
 				LocalIceCandidateEndpoint:  "10.0.0.1:10001",
@@ -95,7 +93,7 @@ var resp = &proto.StatusResponse{
 			PubKey:          "Some-Pub-Key",
 			KernelInterface: true,
 			Fqdn:            "some-localhost.awesome-domain.com",
-			Routes: []string{
+			Networks: []string{
 				"10.10.0.0/24",
 			},
 		},
@@ -137,7 +135,6 @@ var overview = statusOutputOverview{
 				Status:           "Connected",
 				LastStatusUpdate: time.Date(2001, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, time.UTC),
 				ConnType:         "P2P",
-				Direct:           true,
 				IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
 					Local:  "",
 					Remote: "",
@@ -152,6 +149,9 @@ var overview = statusOutputOverview{
 				Routes: []string{
 					"10.1.0.0/24",
 				},
+				Networks: []string{
+					"10.1.0.0/24",
+				},
 				Latency: time.Duration(10000000),
 			},
 			{
@@ -161,7 +161,6 @@ var overview = statusOutputOverview{
 				Status:           "Connected",
 				LastStatusUpdate: time.Date(2002, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, time.UTC),
 				ConnType:         "Relayed",
-				Direct:           false,
 				IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
 					Local:  "relay",
 					Remote: "prflx",
@@ -234,6 +233,9 @@ var overview = statusOutputOverview{
 	Routes: []string{
 		"10.10.0.0/24",
 	},
+	Networks: []string{
+		"10.10.0.0/24",
+	},
 }
 
 func TestConversionFromFullStatusToOutputOverview(t *testing.T) {
@@ -283,7 +285,6 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
                 "status": "Connected",
                 "lastStatusUpdate": "2001-01-01T01:01:01Z",
                 "connectionType": "P2P",
-                "direct": true,
                 "iceCandidateType": {
                   "local": "",
                   "remote": ""
@@ -292,6 +293,7 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
                   "local": "",
                   "remote": ""
                 },
+				"relayAddress": "",
                 "lastWireguardHandshake": "2001-01-01T01:01:02Z",
                 "transferReceived": 200,
                 "transferSent": 100,
@@ -299,6 +301,9 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
                 "quantumResistance": false,
                 "routes": [
                   "10.1.0.0/24"
+                ],
+                "networks": [
+                  "10.1.0.0/24"
                 ]
               },
               {
@@ -308,7 +313,6 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
                 "status": "Connected",
                 "lastStatusUpdate": "2002-02-02T02:02:02Z",
                 "connectionType": "Relayed",
-                "direct": false,
                 "iceCandidateType": {
                   "local": "relay",
                   "remote": "prflx"
@@ -317,12 +321,14 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
                   "local": "10.0.0.1:10001",
                   "remote": "10.0.10.1:10002"
                 },
+				"relayAddress": "",
                 "lastWireguardHandshake": "2002-02-02T02:02:03Z",
                 "transferReceived": 2000,
                 "transferSent": 1000,
 				"latency": 10000000,
                 "quantumResistance": false,
-                "routes": null
+                "routes": null,
+                "networks": null
               }
             ]
           },
@@ -363,6 +369,9 @@ func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
           "routes": [
             "10.10.0.0/24"
           ],
+          "networks": [
+            "10.10.0.0/24"
+          ],
           "dnsServers": [
             {
               "servers": [
@@ -408,13 +417,13 @@ func TestParsingToYAML(t *testing.T) {
           status: Connected
           lastStatusUpdate: 2001-01-01T01:01:01Z
           connectionType: P2P
-          direct: true
           iceCandidateType:
             local: ""
             remote: ""
           iceCandidateEndpoint:
             local: ""
             remote: ""
+          relayAddress: ""
           lastWireguardHandshake: 2001-01-01T01:01:02Z
           transferReceived: 200
           transferSent: 100
@@ -422,25 +431,28 @@ func TestParsingToYAML(t *testing.T) {
           quantumResistance: false
           routes:
             - 10.1.0.0/24
+          networks:
+            - 10.1.0.0/24
         - fqdn: peer-2.awesome-domain.com
           netbirdIp: 192.168.178.102
           publicKey: Pubkey2
           status: Connected
           lastStatusUpdate: 2002-02-02T02:02:02Z
           connectionType: Relayed
-          direct: false
           iceCandidateType:
             local: relay
             remote: prflx
           iceCandidateEndpoint:
             local: 10.0.0.1:10001
             remote: 10.0.10.1:10002
+          relayAddress: ""
           lastWireguardHandshake: 2002-02-02T02:02:03Z
           transferReceived: 2000
           transferSent: 1000
           latency: 10ms
           quantumResistance: false
           routes: []
+          networks: []
 cliVersion: development
 daemonVersion: 0.14.1
 management:
@@ -469,6 +481,8 @@ quantumResistance: false
 quantumResistancePermissive: false
 routes:
     - 10.10.0.0/24
+networks:
+    - 10.10.0.0/24
 dnsServers:
     - servers:
         - 8.8.8.8:53
@@ -505,14 +519,15 @@ func TestParsingToDetail(t *testing.T) {
   Status: Connected
   -- detail --
   Connection type: P2P
-  Direct: true
   ICE candidate (Local/Remote): -/-
   ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): -/-
+  Relay server address: 
   Last connection update: %s
   Last WireGuard handshake: %s
   Transfer status (received/sent) 200 B/100 B
   Quantum resistance: false
   Routes: 10.1.0.0/24
+  Networks: 10.1.0.0/24
   Latency: 10ms
 
  peer-2.awesome-domain.com:
@@ -521,14 +536,15 @@ func TestParsingToDetail(t *testing.T) {
   Status: Connected
   -- detail --
   Connection type: Relayed
-  Direct: false
   ICE candidate (Local/Remote): relay/prflx
   ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): 10.0.0.1:10001/10.0.10.1:10002
+  Relay server address: 
   Last connection update: %s
   Last WireGuard handshake: %s
   Transfer status (received/sent) 2.0 KiB/1000 B
   Quantum resistance: false
   Routes: -
+  Networks: -
   Latency: 10ms
 
 OS: %s/%s
@@ -547,6 +563,7 @@ NetBird IP: 192.168.178.100/16
 Interface type: Kernel
 Quantum resistance: false
 Routes: 10.10.0.0/24
+Networks: 10.10.0.0/24
 Peers count: 2/2 Connected
 `, lastConnectionUpdate1, lastHandshake1, lastConnectionUpdate2, lastHandshake2, runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH, overview.CliVersion)
 
@@ -568,6 +585,7 @@ NetBird IP: 192.168.178.100/16
 Interface type: Kernel
 Quantum resistance: false
 Routes: 10.10.0.0/24
+Networks: 10.10.0.0/24
 Peers count: 2/2 Connected
 `
 

client/cmd/system.go

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package cmd
+
+// Flag constants for system configuration
+const (
+	disableClientRoutesFlag = "disable-client-routes"
+	disableServerRoutesFlag = "disable-server-routes"
+	disableDNSFlag          = "disable-dns"
+	disableFirewallFlag     = "disable-firewall"
+)
+
+var (
+	disableClientRoutes bool
+	disableServerRoutes bool
+	disableDNS          bool
+	disableFirewall     bool
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// Add system flags to upCmd
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableClientRoutes, disableClientRoutesFlag, false,
+		"Disable client routes. If enabled, the client won't process client routes received from the management service.")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableServerRoutes, disableServerRoutesFlag, false,
+		"Disable server routes. If enabled, the client won't act as a router for server routes received from the management service.")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableDNS, disableDNSFlag, false,
+		"Disable DNS. If enabled, the client won't configure DNS settings.")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableFirewall, disableFirewallFlag, false,
+		"Disable firewall configuration. If enabled, the client won't modify firewall rules.")
+}

client/cmd/testutil_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package cmd
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -11,6 +10,9 @@ import (
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/settings"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/telemetry"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 
@@ -33,18 +35,12 @@ func startTestingServices(t *testing.T) string {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	testDir := t.TempDir()
-	config.Datadir = testDir
-	err = util.CopyFileContents("../testdata/store.json", filepath.Join(testDir, "store.json"))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
 
 	_, signalLis := startSignal(t)
 	signalAddr := signalLis.Addr().String()
 	config.Signal.URI = signalAddr
 
-	_, mgmLis := startManagement(t, config)
+	_, mgmLis := startManagement(t, config, "../testdata/store.sql")
 	mgmAddr := mgmLis.Addr().String()
 	return mgmAddr
 }
@@ -56,7 +52,7 @@ func startSignal(t *testing.T) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	s := grpc.NewServer()
-	srv, err := sig.NewServer(otel.Meter(""))
+	srv, err := sig.NewServer(context.Background(), otel.Meter(""))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	sigProto.RegisterSignalExchangeServer(s, srv)
@@ -69,14 +65,15 @@ func startSignal(t *testing.T) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
 	return s, lis
 }
 
-func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
+func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config, testFile string) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
 	t.Helper()
+
 	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":0")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	s := grpc.NewServer()
-	store, cleanUp, err := mgmt.NewTestStoreFromJson(context.Background(), config.Datadir)
+	store, cleanUp, err := store.NewTestStoreFromSQL(context.Background(), testFile, t.TempDir())
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -88,12 +85,17 @@ func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config) (*grpc.Server, net.Liste
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 	iv, _ := integrations.NewIntegratedValidator(context.Background(), eventStore)
-	accountManager, err := mgmt.BuildManager(context.Background(), store, peersUpdateManager, nil, "", "netbird.selfhosted", eventStore, nil, false, iv)
+
+	metrics, err := telemetry.NewDefaultAppMetrics(context.Background())
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	accountManager, err := mgmt.BuildManager(context.Background(), store, peersUpdateManager, nil, "", "netbird.selfhosted", eventStore, nil, false, iv, metrics)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	turnManager := mgmt.NewTimeBasedAuthSecretsManager(peersUpdateManager, config.TURNConfig)
-	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, peersUpdateManager, turnManager, nil, nil)
+
+	secretsManager := mgmt.NewTimeBasedAuthSecretsManager(peersUpdateManager, config.TURNConfig, config.Relay)
+	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, settings.NewManager(store), peersUpdateManager, secretsManager, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

client/cmd/up.go

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ import (
 	gstatus "google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ func init() {
 	)
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&extraIFaceBlackList, extraIFaceBlackListFlag, nil, "Extra list of default interfaces to ignore for listening")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().DurationVar(&dnsRouteInterval, dnsRouteIntervalFlag, time.Minute, "DNS route update interval")
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&blockLANAccess, blockLANAccessFlag, false, "Block access to local networks (LAN) when using this peer as a router or exit node")
 }
 
 func upFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -147,6 +148,28 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		ic.DNSRouteInterval = &dnsRouteInterval
 	}
 
+	if cmd.Flag(disableClientRoutesFlag).Changed {
+		ic.DisableClientRoutes = &disableClientRoutes
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableServerRoutesFlag).Changed {
+		ic.DisableServerRoutes = &disableServerRoutes
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableDNSFlag).Changed {
+		ic.DisableDNS = &disableDNS
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableFirewallFlag).Changed {
+		ic.DisableFirewall = &disableFirewall
+	}
+
+	if cmd.Flag(blockLANAccessFlag).Changed {
+		ic.BlockLANAccess = &blockLANAccess
+	}
+
+	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	config, err := internal.UpdateOrCreateConfig(ic)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("get config file: %v", err)
@@ -154,7 +177,7 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 
 	config, _ = internal.UpdateOldManagementURL(ctx, config, configPath)
 
-	err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, setupKey)
+	err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, providedSetupKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("foreground login failed: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -163,7 +186,10 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 	ctx, cancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	SetupCloseHandler(ctx, cancel)
 
-	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, config, peer.NewRecorder(config.ManagementURL.String()))
+	r := peer.NewRecorder(config.ManagementURL.String())
+	r.GetFullStatus()
+
+	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, config, r)
 	return connectClient.Run()
 }
 
@@ -199,8 +225,13 @@ func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
+	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	loginRequest := proto.LoginRequest{
-		SetupKey:             setupKey,
+		SetupKey:             providedSetupKey,
 		ManagementUrl:        managementURL,
 		AdminURL:             adminURL,
 		NatExternalIPs:       natExternalIPs,
@@ -251,6 +282,23 @@ func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		loginRequest.DnsRouteInterval = durationpb.New(dnsRouteInterval)
 	}
 
+	if cmd.Flag(disableClientRoutesFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.DisableClientRoutes = &disableClientRoutes
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableServerRoutesFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.DisableServerRoutes = &disableServerRoutes
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableDNSFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.DisableDns = &disableDNS
+	}
+	if cmd.Flag(disableFirewallFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.DisableFirewall = &disableFirewall
+	}
+
+	if cmd.Flag(blockLANAccessFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.BlockLanAccess = &blockLANAccess
+	}
+
 	var loginErr error
 
 	var loginResp *proto.LoginResponse

client/cmd/up_daemon_test.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package cmd
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"os"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -40,6 +41,36 @@ func TestUpDaemon(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Test the setup-key-file flag.
+	tempFile, err := os.CreateTemp("", "setup-key")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("could not create temp file, got error %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(tempFile.Name())
+	if _, err := tempFile.Write([]byte("A2C8E62B-38F5-4553-B31E-DD66C696CEBB")); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("could not write to temp file, got error %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	if err := tempFile.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unable to close file, got error %v", err)
+	}
+	rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{
+		"login",
+		"--daemon-addr", "tcp://" + cliAddr,
+		"--setup-key-file", tempFile.Name(),
+		"--log-file", "",
+	})
+	if err := rootCmd.Execute(); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected no error while running up command, got %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
+	if status, err := state.Status(); err != nil && status != internal.StatusIdle {
+		t.Errorf("wrong status after login: %s, %v", internal.StatusIdle, err)
+		return
+	}
+
 	rootCmd.SetArgs([]string{
 		"up",
 		"--daemon-addr", "tcp://" + cliAddr,

client/configs/configs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package configs
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+)
+
+var StateDir string
+
+func init() {
+	StateDir = os.Getenv("NB_STATE_DIR")
+	if StateDir != "" {
+		return
+	}
+	switch runtime.GOOS {
+	case "windows":
+		StateDir = filepath.Join(os.Getenv("PROGRAMDATA"), "Netbird")
+	case "darwin", "linux":
+		StateDir = "/var/lib/netbird"
+	case "freebsd", "openbsd", "netbsd", "dragonfly":
+		StateDir = "/var/db/netbird"
+	}
+}

client/errors/errors.go

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ import (
 )
 
 func formatError(es []error) string {
-	if len(es) == 0 {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("0 error occurred:\n\t* %s", es[0])
+	if len(es) == 1 {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("1 error occurred:\n\t* %s", es[0])
 	}
 
 	points := make([]string, len(es))

client/firewall/create.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 package firewall
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"runtime"
 
@@ -11,10 +10,11 @@ import (
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 // NewFirewall creates a firewall manager instance
-func NewFirewall(context context.Context, iface IFaceMapper) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, _ *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	if !iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("not implemented for this OS: %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}

client/firewall/create_linux.go

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 package firewall
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	nbnftables "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/nftables"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -32,54 +33,65 @@ const SKIP_NFTABLES_ENV = "NB_SKIP_NFTABLES_CHECK"
 // FWType is the type for the firewall type
 type FWType int
 
-func NewFirewall(context context.Context, iface IFaceMapper) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	// on the linux system we try to user nftables or iptables
 	// in any case, because we need to allow netbird interface traffic
 	// so we use AllowNetbird traffic from these firewall managers
 	// for the userspace packet filtering firewall
-	var fm firewall.Manager
-	var errFw error
+	fm, err := createNativeFirewall(iface, stateManager)
 
+	if !iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
+		return fm, err
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to create native firewall: %v. Proceeding with userspace", err)
+	}
+	return createUserspaceFirewall(iface, fm)
+}
+
+func createNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+	fm, err := createFW(iface)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create firewall: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err = fm.Init(stateManager); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init firewall: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	return fm, nil
+}
+
+func createFW(iface IFaceMapper) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	switch check() {
 	case IPTABLES:
 		log.Info("creating an iptables firewall manager")
-		fm, errFw = nbiptables.Create(context, iface)
-		if errFw != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to create iptables manager: %s", errFw)
-		}
+		return nbiptables.Create(iface)
 	case NFTABLES:
 		log.Info("creating an nftables firewall manager")
-		fm, errFw = nbnftables.Create(context, iface)
-		if errFw != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to create nftables manager: %s", errFw)
-		}
+		return nbnftables.Create(iface)
 	default:
-		errFw = fmt.Errorf("no firewall manager found")
 		log.Info("no firewall manager found, trying to use userspace packet filtering firewall")
+		return nil, errors.New("no firewall manager found")
+	}
+}
+
+func createUserspaceFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, fm firewall.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+	var errUsp error
+	if fm != nil {
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface, fm)
+	} else {
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.Create(iface)
 	}
 
-	if iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
-		var errUsp error
-		if errFw == nil {
-			fm, errUsp = uspfilter.CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface, fm)
-		} else {
-			fm, errUsp = uspfilter.Create(iface)
-		}
-		if errUsp != nil {
-			log.Debugf("failed to create userspace filtering firewall: %s", errUsp)
-			return nil, errUsp
-		}
-
-		if err := fm.AllowNetbird(); err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %v", err)
-		}
-		return fm, nil
+	if errUsp != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create userspace firewall: %s", errUsp)
 	}
 
-	if errFw != nil {
-		return nil, errFw
+	if err := fm.AllowNetbird(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %v", err)
 	}
-
 	return fm, nil
 }
 

client/firewall/iface.go

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 package firewall
 
-import "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+import (
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
 
 // IFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
 type IFaceMapper interface {
 	Name() string
-	Address() iface.WGAddress
+	Address() device.WGAddress
 	IsUserspaceBind() bool
-	SetFilter(iface.PacketFilter) error
+	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
 }

client/firewall/iptables/acl_linux.go

@@ -11,62 +11,78 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 const (
 	tableName = "filter"
 
 	// rules chains contains the effective ACL rules
-	chainNameInputRules  = "NETBIRD-ACL-INPUT"
-	chainNameOutputRules = "NETBIRD-ACL-OUTPUT"
-
-	postRoutingMark = "0x000007e4"
+	chainNameInputRules = "NETBIRD-ACL-INPUT"
 )
 
-type aclManager struct {
-	iptablesClient      *iptables.IPTables
-	wgIface             iFaceMapper
-	routeingFwChainName string
+type aclEntries map[string][][]string
 
-	entries    map[string][][]string
-	ipsetStore *ipsetStore
+type entry struct {
+	spec     []string
+	position int
 }
 
-func newAclManager(iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables, wgIface iFaceMapper, routeingFwChainName string) (*aclManager, error) {
+type aclManager struct {
+	iptablesClient     *iptables.IPTables
+	wgIface            iFaceMapper
+	routingFwChainName string
+
+	entries         aclEntries
+	optionalEntries map[string][]entry
+	ipsetStore      *ipsetStore
+
+	stateManager *statemanager.Manager
+}
+
+func newAclManager(iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables, wgIface iFaceMapper, routingFwChainName string) (*aclManager, error) {
 	m := &aclManager{
-		iptablesClient:      iptablesClient,
-		wgIface:             wgIface,
-		routeingFwChainName: routeingFwChainName,
+		iptablesClient:     iptablesClient,
+		wgIface:            wgIface,
+		routingFwChainName: routingFwChainName,
 
-		entries:    make(map[string][][]string),
-		ipsetStore: newIpsetStore(),
+		entries:         make(map[string][][]string),
+		optionalEntries: make(map[string][]entry),
+		ipsetStore:      newIpsetStore(),
 	}
 
-	err := ipset.Init()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init ipset: %w", err)
+	if err := ipset.Init(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init ipset: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	m.seedInitialEntries()
-
-	err = m.cleanChains()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	err = m.createDefaultChains()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-func (m *aclManager) AddFiltering(
+func (m *aclManager) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	m.stateManager = stateManager
+
+	m.seedInitialEntries()
+	m.seedInitialOptionalEntries()
+
+	if err := m.cleanChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clean chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.createDefaultChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create default chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *aclManager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	ip net.IP,
 	protocol firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	direction firewall.RuleDirection,
 	action firewall.Action,
 	ipsetName string,
 ) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
@@ -79,15 +95,10 @@ func (m *aclManager) AddFiltering(
 		sPortVal = strconv.Itoa(sPort.Values[0])
 	}
 
-	var chain string
-	if direction == firewall.RuleDirectionOUT {
-		chain = chainNameOutputRules
-	} else {
-		chain = chainNameInputRules
-	}
+	chain := chainNameInputRules
 
 	ipsetName = transformIPsetName(ipsetName, sPortVal, dPortVal)
-	specs := filterRuleSpecs(ip, string(protocol), sPortVal, dPortVal, direction, action, ipsetName)
+	specs := filterRuleSpecs(ip, string(protocol), sPortVal, dPortVal, action, ipsetName)
 	if ipsetName != "" {
 		if ipList, ipsetExists := m.ipsetStore.ipset(ipsetName); ipsetExists {
 			if err := ipset.Add(ipsetName, ip.String()); err != nil {
@@ -127,7 +138,7 @@ func (m *aclManager) AddFiltering(
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rule already exists")
 	}
 
-	if err := m.iptablesClient.Insert("filter", chain, 1, specs...); err != nil {
+	if err := m.iptablesClient.Append("filter", chain, specs...); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
@@ -139,28 +150,18 @@ func (m *aclManager) AddFiltering(
 		chain:     chain,
 	}
 
-	if !shouldAddToPrerouting(protocol, dPort, direction) {
-		return []firewall.Rule{rule}, nil
-	}
+	m.updateState()
 
-	rulePrerouting, err := m.addPreroutingFilter(ipsetName, string(protocol), dPortVal, ip)
-	if err != nil {
-		return []firewall.Rule{rule}, err
-	}
-	return []firewall.Rule{rule, rulePrerouting}, nil
+	return []firewall.Rule{rule}, nil
 }
 
-// DeleteRule from the firewall by rule definition
-func (m *aclManager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *aclManager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
 	if !ok {
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid rule type")
 	}
 
-	if r.chain == "PREROUTING" {
-		goto DELETERULE
-	}
-
 	if ipsetList, ok := m.ipsetStore.ipset(r.ipsetName); ok {
 		// delete IP from ruleset IPs list and ipset
 		if _, ok := ipsetList.ips[r.ip]; ok {
@@ -185,86 +186,28 @@ func (m *aclManager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-DELETERULE:
-	var table string
-	if r.chain == "PREROUTING" {
-		table = "mangle"
-	} else {
-		table = "filter"
+	if err := m.iptablesClient.Delete(tableName, r.chain, r.specs...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %s, %v: %w", r.chain, r.specs, err)
 	}
-	err := m.iptablesClient.Delete(table, r.chain, r.specs...)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to delete rule, %s, %v: %s", r.chain, r.specs, err)
-	}
-	return err
+
+	m.updateState()
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *aclManager) Reset() error {
-	return m.cleanChains()
-}
-
-func (m *aclManager) addPreroutingFilter(ipsetName string, protocol string, port string, ip net.IP) (*Rule, error) {
-	var src []string
-	if ipsetName != "" {
-		src = []string{"-m", "set", "--set", ipsetName, "src"}
-	} else {
-		src = []string{"-s", ip.String()}
-	}
-	specs := []string{
-		"-d", m.wgIface.Address().IP.String(),
-		"-p", protocol,
-		"--dport", port,
-		"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark", postRoutingMark,
+	if err := m.cleanChains(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clean chains: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	specs = append(src, specs...)
+	m.updateState()
 
-	ok, err := m.iptablesClient.Exists("mangle", "PREROUTING", specs...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to check rule: %w", err)
-	}
-	if ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("rule already exists")
-	}
-
-	if err := m.iptablesClient.Insert("mangle", "PREROUTING", 1, specs...); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	rule := &Rule{
-		ruleID:    uuid.New().String(),
-		specs:     specs,
-		ipsetName: ipsetName,
-		ip:        ip.String(),
-		chain:     "PREROUTING",
-	}
-	return rule, nil
+	return nil
 }
 
 // todo write less destructive cleanup mechanism
 func (m *aclManager) cleanChains() error {
-	ok, err := m.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableName, chainNameOutputRules)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to list chains: %s", err)
-		return err
-	}
-	if ok {
-		rules := m.entries["OUTPUT"]
-		for _, rule := range rules {
-			err := m.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableName, "OUTPUT", rule...)
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
-			}
-		}
-
-		err = m.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableName, chainNameOutputRules)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Debugf("failed to clear and delete %s chain: %s", chainNameOutputRules, err)
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	ok, err = m.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableName, chainNameInputRules)
+	ok, err := m.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableName, chainNameInputRules)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Debugf("failed to list chains: %s", err)
 		return err
@@ -293,8 +236,7 @@ func (m *aclManager) cleanChains() error {
 
 	ok, err = m.iptablesClient.ChainExists("mangle", "PREROUTING")
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to list chains: %s", err)
-		return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("list chains: %w", err)
 	}
 	if ok {
 		for _, rule := range m.entries["PREROUTING"] {
@@ -303,11 +245,6 @@ func (m *aclManager) cleanChains() error {
 				log.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v, %s", rule, err)
 			}
 		}
-		err = m.iptablesClient.ClearChain("mangle", "PREROUTING")
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Debugf("failed to clear %s chain: %s", "PREROUTING", err)
-			return err
-		}
 	}
 
 	for _, ipsetName := range m.ipsetStore.ipsetNames() {
@@ -330,97 +267,105 @@ func (m *aclManager) createDefaultChains() error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	// chain netbird-acl-output-rules
-	if err := m.iptablesClient.NewChain(tableName, chainNameOutputRules); err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to create '%s' chain: %s", chainNameOutputRules, err)
-		return err
-	}
-
 	for chainName, rules := range m.entries {
 		for _, rule := range rules {
-			if chainName == "FORWARD" {
-				// position 2 because we add it after router's, jump rule
-				if err := m.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, "FORWARD", 2, rule...); err != nil {
-					log.Debugf("failed to create input chain jump rule: %s", err)
-					return err
-				}
-			} else {
-				if err := m.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableName, chainName, rule...); err != nil {
-					log.Debugf("failed to create input chain jump rule: %s", err)
-					return err
-				}
+			if err := m.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, chainName, 1, rule...); err != nil {
+				log.Debugf("failed to create input chain jump rule: %s", err)
+				return err
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
+	for chainName, entries := range m.optionalEntries {
+		for _, entry := range entries {
+			if err := m.iptablesClient.InsertUnique(tableName, chainName, entry.position, entry.spec...); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to insert optional entry %v: %v", entry.spec, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			m.entries[chainName] = append(m.entries[chainName], entry.spec)
+		}
+	}
+	clear(m.optionalEntries)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
+// seedInitialEntries adds default rules to the entries map, rules are inserted on pos 1, hence the order is reversed.
+// We want to make sure our traffic is not dropped by existing rules.
+
+// The existing FORWARD rules/policies decide outbound traffic towards our interface.
+// In case the FORWARD policy is set to "drop", we add an established/related rule to allow return traffic for the inbound rule.
 func (m *aclManager) seedInitialEntries() {
-	m.appendToEntries("INPUT",
-		[]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "!", "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("INPUT",
-		[]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "!", "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("INPUT",
-		[]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", chainNameInputRules})
+	established := getConntrackEstablished()
 
 	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("OUTPUT",
-		[]string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "!", "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("OUTPUT",
-		[]string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "!", "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("OUTPUT",
-		[]string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-d", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-j", chainNameOutputRules})
-
-	m.appendToEntries("OUTPUT", []string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
+	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainNameInputRules})
+	m.appendToEntries("INPUT", append([]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name()}, established...))
 
 	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", "DROP"})
-	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", chainNameInputRules})
-	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD",
-		[]string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-m", "mark", "--mark", postRoutingMark, "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD",
-		[]string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-m", "mark", "--mark", postRoutingMark, "-j", "ACCEPT"})
-	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", m.routeingFwChainName})
-	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", m.routeingFwChainName})
+	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", []string{"-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-j", m.routingFwChainName})
+	m.appendToEntries("FORWARD", append([]string{"-o", m.wgIface.Name()}, established...))
+}
 
-	m.appendToEntries("PREROUTING",
-		[]string{"-t", "mangle", "-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "!", "-s", m.wgIface.Address().String(), "-d", m.wgIface.Address().IP.String(), "-m", "mark", "--mark", postRoutingMark})
+func (m *aclManager) seedInitialOptionalEntries() {
+	m.optionalEntries["FORWARD"] = []entry{
+		{
+			spec:     []string{"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected), "-j", chainNameInputRules},
+			position: 2,
+		},
+	}
+
+	m.optionalEntries["PREROUTING"] = []entry{
+		{
+			spec:     []string{"-t", "mangle", "-i", m.wgIface.Name(), "-m", "addrtype", "--dst-type", "LOCAL", "-j", "MARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkRedirected)},
+			position: 1,
+		},
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *aclManager) appendToEntries(chainName string, spec []string) {
 	m.entries[chainName] = append(m.entries[chainName], spec)
 }
 
+func (m *aclManager) updateState() {
+	if m.stateManager == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var currentState *ShutdownState
+	if existing := m.stateManager.GetState(currentState); existing != nil {
+		if existingState, ok := existing.(*ShutdownState); ok {
+			currentState = existingState
+		}
+	}
+	if currentState == nil {
+		currentState = &ShutdownState{}
+	}
+
+	currentState.Lock()
+	defer currentState.Unlock()
+
+	currentState.ACLEntries = m.entries
+	currentState.ACLIPsetStore = m.ipsetStore
+
+	if err := m.stateManager.UpdateState(currentState); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
 // filterRuleSpecs returns the specs of a filtering rule
-func filterRuleSpecs(
-	ip net.IP, protocol string, sPort, dPort string, direction firewall.RuleDirection, action firewall.Action, ipsetName string,
-) (specs []string) {
+func filterRuleSpecs(ip net.IP, protocol, sPort, dPort string, action firewall.Action, ipsetName string) (specs []string) {
 	matchByIP := true
 	// don't use IP matching if IP is ip 0.0.0.0
 	if ip.String() == "0.0.0.0" {
 		matchByIP = false
 	}
-	switch direction {
-	case firewall.RuleDirectionIN:
-		if matchByIP {
-			if ipsetName != "" {
-				specs = append(specs, "-m", "set", "--set", ipsetName, "src")
-			} else {
-				specs = append(specs, "-s", ip.String())
-			}
-		}
-	case firewall.RuleDirectionOUT:
-		if matchByIP {
-			if ipsetName != "" {
-				specs = append(specs, "-m", "set", "--set", ipsetName, "dst")
-			} else {
-				specs = append(specs, "-d", ip.String())
-			}
+
+	if matchByIP {
+		if ipsetName != "" {
+			specs = append(specs, "-m", "set", "--set", ipsetName, "src")
+		} else {
+			specs = append(specs, "-s", ip.String())
 		}
 	}
 	if protocol != "all" {
@@ -456,18 +401,3 @@ func transformIPsetName(ipsetName string, sPort, dPort string) string {
 		return ipsetName
 	}
 }
-
-func shouldAddToPrerouting(proto firewall.Protocol, dPort *firewall.Port, direction firewall.RuleDirection) bool {
-	if proto == "all" {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if direction != firewall.RuleDirectionIN {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if dPort == nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux.go

@@ -4,13 +4,17 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
+	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 // Manager of iptables firewall
@@ -21,7 +25,7 @@ type Manager struct {
 
 	ipv4Client *iptables.IPTables
 	aclMgr     *aclManager
-	router     *routerManager
+	router     *router
 }
 
 // iFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
@@ -32,10 +36,10 @@ type iFaceMapper interface {
 }
 
 // Create iptables firewall manager
-func Create(context context.Context, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
+func Create(wgIface iFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 	iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iptables is not installed in the system or not supported")
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init iptables: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	m := &Manager{
@@ -43,80 +47,146 @@ func Create(context context.Context, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 		ipv4Client: iptablesClient,
 	}
 
-	m.router, err = newRouterManager(context, iptablesClient)
+	m.router, err = newRouter(iptablesClient, wgIface)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to initialize route related chains: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create router: %w", err)
 	}
-	m.aclMgr, err = newAclManager(iptablesClient, wgIface, m.router.RouteingFwChainName())
+
+	m.aclMgr, err = newAclManager(iptablesClient, wgIface, chainRTFWD)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Debugf("failed to initialize ACL manager: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create acl manager: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-// AddFiltering rule to the firewall
+func (m *Manager) Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	state := &ShutdownState{
+		InterfaceState: &InterfaceState{
+			NameStr:       m.wgIface.Name(),
+			WGAddress:     m.wgIface.Address(),
+			UserspaceBind: m.wgIface.IsUserspaceBind(),
+		},
+	}
+	stateManager.RegisterState(state)
+	if err := stateManager.UpdateState(state); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.router.init(stateManager); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("router init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.aclMgr.init(stateManager); err != nil {
+		// TODO: cleanup router
+		return fmt.Errorf("acl manager init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// persist early to ensure cleanup of chains
+	go func() {
+		if err := stateManager.PersistState(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to persist state: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddPeerFiltering adds a rule to the firewall
 //
 // Comment will be ignored because some system this feature is not supported
-func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	ip net.IP,
 	protocol firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	direction firewall.RuleDirection,
 	action firewall.Action,
 	ipsetName string,
-	comment string,
+	_ string,
 ) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.aclMgr.AddFiltering(ip, protocol, sPort, dPort, direction, action, ipsetName)
+	return m.aclMgr.AddPeerFiltering(ip, protocol, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName)
 }
 
-// DeleteRule from the firewall by rule definition
-func (m *Manager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination netip.Prefix,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.aclMgr.DeleteRule(rule)
+	if !destination.Addr().Is4() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Addr().String())
+	}
+
+	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.aclMgr.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.router.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) InsertRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.router.InsertRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.router.AddNatRule(pair)
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) RemoveRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.router.RemoveRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.router.RemoveNatRule(pair)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
+	return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router, isLegacy)
 }
 
 // Reset firewall to the default state
-func (m *Manager) Reset() error {
+func (m *Manager) Reset(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	errAcl := m.aclMgr.Reset()
-	if errAcl != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up ACL rules from firewall: %s", errAcl)
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+
+	if err := m.aclMgr.Reset(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset acl manager: %w", err))
 	}
-	errMgr := m.router.Reset()
-	if errMgr != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up router rules from firewall: %s", errMgr)
-		return errMgr
+	if err := m.router.Reset(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("reset router: %w", err))
 	}
-	return errAcl
+
+	// attempt to delete state only if all other operations succeeded
+	if merr == nil {
+		if err := stateManager.DeleteState(&ShutdownState{}); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("delete state: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
 // AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
@@ -125,31 +195,24 @@ func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	_, err := m.AddFiltering(
-		net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+	_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(
+		net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0},
 		"all",
 		nil,
 		nil,
-		firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
 		firewall.ActionAccept,
 		"",
 		"",
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to allow netbird interface traffic: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("allow netbird interface traffic: %w", err)
 	}
-	_, err = m.AddFiltering(
-		net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-		"all",
-		nil,
-		nil,
-		firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
-		firewall.ActionAccept,
-		"",
-		"",
-	)
-	return err
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
 func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
+
+func getConntrackEstablished() []string {
+	return []string{"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"}
+}

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package iptables
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"testing"
@@ -11,9 +10,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 )
 
+var ifaceMock = &iFaceMock{
+	NameFunc: func() string {
+		return "lo"
+	},
+	AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
+		return iface.WGAddress{
+			IP: net.ParseIP("10.20.0.1"),
+			Network: &net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("10.20.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
+			},
+		}
+	},
+}
+
 // iFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
 type iFaceMock struct {
 	NameFunc    func() string
@@ -40,55 +54,27 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 	ipv4Client, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	mock := &iFaceMock{
-		NameFunc: func() string {
-			return "lo"
-		},
-		AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
-			return iface.WGAddress{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("10.20.0.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("10.20.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-				},
-			}
-		},
-	}
-
 	// just check on the local interface
-	manager, err := Create(context.Background(), mock)
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 
 	time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
 	defer func() {
-		err := manager.Reset()
+		err := manager.Reset(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "clear the manager state")
 
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
 
-	var rule1 []fw.Rule
-	t.Run("add first rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.2")
-		port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{8080}}
-		rule1, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
-
-		for _, r := range rule1 {
-			checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, chainNameOutputRules, true, r.(*Rule).specs...)
-		}
-
-	})
-
 	var rule2 []fw.Rule
 	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			Values: []int{8043: 8046},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddFiltering(
-			ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.RuleDirectionIN, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTPS traffic from ports range")
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTPS traffic from ports range")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
@@ -97,18 +83,9 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	t.Run("delete first rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		for _, r := range rule1 {
-			err := manager.DeleteRule(r)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
-
-			checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, chainNameOutputRules, false, r.(*Rule).specs...)
-		}
-	})
-
 	t.Run("delete second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
-			err := manager.DeleteRule(r)
+			err := manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
 		}
 
@@ -119,10 +96,10 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		// add second rule
 		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{5353}}
-		_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "udp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept Fake DNS traffic")
+		_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "udp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept Fake DNS traffic")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
-		err = manager.Reset()
+		err = manager.Reset(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset")
 
 		ok, err := ipv4Client.ChainExists("filter", chainNameInputRules)
@@ -135,9 +112,6 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
-	ipv4Client, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-
 	mock := &iFaceMock{
 		NameFunc: func() string {
 			return "lo"
@@ -154,45 +128,26 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// just check on the local interface
-	manager, err := Create(context.Background(), mock)
+	manager, err := Create(mock)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 
 	time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
 	defer func() {
-		err := manager.Reset()
+		err := manager.Reset(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "clear the manager state")
 
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
 
-	var rule1 []fw.Rule
-	t.Run("add first rule with set", func(t *testing.T) {
-		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.2")
-		port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{8080}}
-		rule1, err = manager.AddFiltering(
-			ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT,
-			fw.ActionAccept, "default", "accept HTTP traffic",
-		)
-		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
-
-		for _, r := range rule1 {
-			checkRuleSpecs(t, ipv4Client, chainNameOutputRules, true, r.(*Rule).specs...)
-			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ipsetName, "default-dport", "ipset name must be set")
-			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ip, "10.20.0.2", "ipset IP must be set")
-		}
-	})
-
 	var rule2 []fw.Rule
 	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			Values: []int{443},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddFiltering(
-			ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.RuleDirectionIN, fw.ActionAccept,
-			"default", "accept HTTPS traffic from ports range",
-		)
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "default", "accept HTTPS traffic from ports range")
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ipsetName, "default-sport", "ipset name must be set")
@@ -200,18 +155,9 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	})
 
-	t.Run("delete first rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		for _, r := range rule1 {
-			err := manager.DeleteRule(r)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
-
-			require.NotContains(t, manager.aclMgr.ipsetStore.ipsets, r.(*Rule).ruleID, "rule must be removed form the ruleset index")
-		}
-	})
-
 	t.Run("delete second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
-			err := manager.DeleteRule(r)
+			err := manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
 
 			require.Empty(t, manager.aclMgr.ipsetStore.ipsets, "rulesets index after removed second rule must be empty")
@@ -219,7 +165,7 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("reset check", func(t *testing.T) {
-		err = manager.Reset()
+		err = manager.Reset(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset")
 	})
 }
@@ -251,12 +197,13 @@ func TestIptablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, testMax := range []int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000} {
 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("Testing %d rules", testMax), func(t *testing.T) {
 			// just check on the local interface
-			manager, err := Create(context.Background(), mock)
+			manager, err := Create(mock)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 			time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
 			defer func() {
-				err := manager.Reset()
+				err := manager.Reset(nil)
 				require.NoError(t, err, "clear the manager state")
 
 				time.Sleep(time.Second)
@@ -268,11 +215,7 @@ func TestIptablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{1000 + i}}
-				if i%2 == 0 {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				} else {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionIN, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				}
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
 
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			}

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux.go

@@ -3,370 +3,597 @@
 package iptables
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
+	"github.com/nadoo/ipset"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
+	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-const (
-	Ipv4Forwarding = "netbird-rt-forwarding"
-	ipv4Nat        = "netbird-rt-nat"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/refcounter"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 // constants needed to manage and create iptable rules
 const (
 	tableFilter             = "filter"
 	tableNat                = "nat"
-	chainFORWARD            = "FORWARD"
+	tableMangle             = "mangle"
 	chainPOSTROUTING        = "POSTROUTING"
+	chainPREROUTING         = "PREROUTING"
 	chainRTNAT              = "NETBIRD-RT-NAT"
 	chainRTFWD              = "NETBIRD-RT-FWD"
+	chainRTPRE              = "NETBIRD-RT-PRE"
 	routingFinalForwardJump = "ACCEPT"
 	routingFinalNatJump     = "MASQUERADE"
+
+	jumpPre  = "jump-pre"
+	jumpNat  = "jump-nat"
+	matchSet = "--match-set"
 )
 
-type routerManager struct {
-	ctx            context.Context
-	stop           context.CancelFunc
-	iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables
-	rules          map[string][]string
+type routeFilteringRuleParams struct {
+	Sources     []netip.Prefix
+	Destination netip.Prefix
+	Proto       firewall.Protocol
+	SPort       *firewall.Port
+	DPort       *firewall.Port
+	Direction   firewall.RuleDirection
+	Action      firewall.Action
+	SetName     string
 }
 
-func newRouterManager(parentCtx context.Context, iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables) (*routerManager, error) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(parentCtx)
-	m := &routerManager{
-		ctx:            ctx,
-		stop:           cancel,
+type routeRules map[string][]string
+
+type ipsetCounter = refcounter.Counter[string, []netip.Prefix, struct{}]
+
+type router struct {
+	iptablesClient   *iptables.IPTables
+	rules            routeRules
+	ipsetCounter     *ipsetCounter
+	wgIface          iFaceMapper
+	legacyManagement bool
+
+	stateManager *statemanager.Manager
+}
+
+func newRouter(iptablesClient *iptables.IPTables, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*router, error) {
+	r := &router{
 		iptablesClient: iptablesClient,
 		rules:          make(map[string][]string),
+		wgIface:        wgIface,
 	}
 
-	err := m.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to cleanup routing rules: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
+	r.ipsetCounter = refcounter.New(
+		func(name string, sources []netip.Prefix) (struct{}, error) {
+			return struct{}{}, r.createIpSet(name, sources)
+		},
+		func(name string, _ struct{}) error {
+			return r.deleteIpSet(name)
+		},
+	)
+
+	if err := ipset.Init(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("init ipset: %w", err)
 	}
-	err = m.createContainers()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to create containers for route: %s", err)
-	}
-	return m, err
+
+	return r, nil
 }
 
-// InsertRoutingRules inserts an iptables rule pair to the forwarding chain and if enabled, to the nat chain
-func (i *routerManager) InsertRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	err := i.insertRoutingRule(firewall.ForwardingFormat, tableFilter, chainRTFWD, routingFinalForwardJump, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func (r *router) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	r.stateManager = stateManager
+
+	if err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	err = i.insertRoutingRule(firewall.InForwardingFormat, tableFilter, chainRTFWD, routingFinalForwardJump, firewall.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if err := r.createContainers(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination netip.Prefix,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	ruleKey := id.GenerateRouteRuleKey(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	if _, ok := r.rules[string(ruleKey)]; ok {
+		return ruleKey, nil
+	}
+
+	var setName string
+	if len(sources) > 1 {
+		setName = firewall.GenerateSetName(sources)
+		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(setName, sources); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	params := routeFilteringRuleParams{
+		Sources:     sources,
+		Destination: destination,
+		Proto:       proto,
+		SPort:       sPort,
+		DPort:       dPort,
+		Action:      action,
+		SetName:     setName,
+	}
+
+	rule := genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route rule: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	r.rules[string(ruleKey)] = rule
+
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return ruleKey, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	ruleKey := rule.GetRuleID()
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		setName := r.findSetNameInRule(rule)
+
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("delete route rule: %v", err)
+		}
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+
+		if setName != "" {
+			if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove ipset: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("route rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) findSetNameInRule(rule []string) string {
+	for i, arg := range rule {
+		if arg == "-m" && i+3 < len(rule) && rule[i+1] == "set" && rule[i+2] == matchSet {
+			return rule[i+3]
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) error {
+	if err := ipset.Create(setName, ipset.OptTimeout(0)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create set %s: %w", setName, err)
+	}
+
+	for _, prefix := range sources {
+		if err := ipset.AddPrefix(setName, prefix); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add element to set %s: %w", setName, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string) error {
+	if err := ipset.Destroy(setName); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("destroy set %s: %w", setName, err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddNatRule inserts an iptables rule pair into the nat chain
+func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if r.legacyManagement {
+		log.Warnf("This peer is connected to a NetBird Management service with an older version. Allowing all traffic for %s", pair.Destination)
+		if err := r.addLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add legacy routing rule: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if !pair.Masquerade {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	err = i.addNATRule(firewall.NatFormat, tableNat, chainRTNAT, routingFinalNatJump, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if err := r.addNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add nat rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = i.addNATRule(firewall.InNatFormat, tableNat, chainRTNAT, routingFinalNatJump, firewall.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if err := r.addNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add inverse nat rule: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	r.updateState()
+
 	return nil
 }
 
-// insertRoutingRule inserts an iptables rule
-func (i *routerManager) insertRoutingRule(keyFormat, table, chain, jump string, pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	var err error
+// RemoveNatRule removes an iptables rule pair from forwarding and nat chains
+func (r *router) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove nat rule: %w", err)
+	}
 
-	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(keyFormat, pair.ID)
-	rule := genRuleSpec(jump, pair.Source, pair.Destination)
-	existingRule, found := i.rules[ruleKey]
-	if found {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(table, chain, existingRule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing existing %s rule for %s: %v", getIptablesRuleType(table), pair.Destination, err)
+	if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse nat rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addLegacyRouteRule adds a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
+func (r *router) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, pair)
+
+	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	rule := []string{"-s", pair.Source.String(), "-d", pair.Destination.String(), "-j", routingFinalForwardJump}
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
+	}
+
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = rule
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, pair)
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
 		}
-		delete(i.rules, ruleKey)
-	}
-
-	err = i.iptablesClient.Insert(table, chain, 1, rule...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while adding new %s rule for %s: %v", getIptablesRuleType(table), pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	i.rules[ruleKey] = rule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// RemoveRoutingRules removes an iptables rule pair from forwarding and nat chains
-func (i *routerManager) RemoveRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	err := i.removeRoutingRule(firewall.ForwardingFormat, tableFilter, chainRTFWD, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = i.removeRoutingRule(firewall.InForwardingFormat, tableFilter, chainRTFWD, firewall.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if !pair.Masquerade {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err = i.removeRoutingRule(firewall.NatFormat, tableNat, chainRTNAT, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = i.removeRoutingRule(firewall.InNatFormat, tableNat, chainRTNAT, firewall.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("legacy forwarding rule %s not found", ruleKey)
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (i *routerManager) removeRoutingRule(keyFormat, table, chain string, pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	var err error
+// GetLegacyManagement returns the current legacy management mode
+func (r *router) GetLegacyManagement() bool {
+	return r.legacyManagement
+}
 
-	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(keyFormat, pair.ID)
-	existingRule, found := i.rules[ruleKey]
-	if found {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(table, chain, existingRule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing existing %s rule for %s: %v", getIptablesRuleType(table), pair.Destination, err)
+// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management mode
+func (r *router) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) {
+	r.legacyManagement = isLegacy
+}
+
+// RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules removes all legacy routing rules for mgmt servers pre route acls
+func (r *router) RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for k, rule := range r.rules {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(k, firewall.ForwardingFormatPrefix) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule: %v", err))
+		} else {
+			delete(r.rules, k)
 		}
 	}
-	delete(i.rules, ruleKey)
 
-	return nil
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-func (i *routerManager) RouteingFwChainName() string {
-	return chainRTFWD
-}
-
-func (i *routerManager) Reset() error {
-	err := i.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func (r *router) Reset() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	if err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
 	}
-	i.rules = make(map[string][]string)
-	return nil
+	r.rules = make(map[string][]string)
+
+	if err := r.ipsetCounter.Flush(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
+	}
+
+	r.updateState()
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-func (i *routerManager) cleanUpDefaultForwardRules() error {
-	err := i.cleanJumpRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func (r *router) cleanUpDefaultForwardRules() error {
+	if err := r.cleanJumpRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("clean jump rules: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	log.Debug("flushing routing related tables")
-	ok, err := i.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed check chain %s,error: %v", chainRTFWD, err)
-		return err
-	} else if ok {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
+	for _, chainInfo := range []struct {
+		chain string
+		table string
+	}{
+		{chainRTFWD, tableFilter},
+		{chainRTNAT, tableNat},
+		{chainRTPRE, tableMangle},
+	} {
+		ok, err := r.iptablesClient.ChainExists(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed cleaning chain %s,error: %v", chainRTFWD, err)
-			return err
+			return fmt.Errorf("check chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err)
+		} else if ok {
+			if err = r.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(chainInfo.table, chainInfo.chain); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("clear and delete chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err)
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	ok, err = i.iptablesClient.ChainExists(tableNat, chainRTNAT)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) createContainers() error {
+	for _, chainInfo := range []struct {
+		chain string
+		table string
+	}{
+		{chainRTFWD, tableFilter},
+		{chainRTPRE, tableMangle},
+		{chainRTNAT, tableNat},
+	} {
+		if err := r.createAndSetupChain(chainInfo.chain); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("create chain %s in table %s: %w", chainInfo.chain, chainInfo.table, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.insertEstablishedRule(chainRTFWD); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("insert established rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.addPostroutingRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add static nat rules: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.addJumpRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add jump rules: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) addPostroutingRules() error {
+	// First rule for outbound masquerade
+	rule1 := []string{
+		"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
+		"!", "-o", "lo",
+		"-j", routingFinalNatJump,
+	}
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableNat, chainRTNAT, rule1...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add outbound masquerade rule: %v", err)
+	}
+	r.rules["static-nat-outbound"] = rule1
+
+	// Second rule for return traffic masquerade
+	rule2 := []string{
+		"-m", "mark", "--mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
+		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-j", routingFinalNatJump,
+	}
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableNat, chainRTNAT, rule2...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add return masquerade rule: %v", err)
+	}
+	r.rules["static-nat-return"] = rule2
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) createAndSetupChain(chain string) error {
+	table := r.getTableForChain(chain)
+
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.NewChain(table, chain); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed creating chain %s, error: %v", chain, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) getTableForChain(chain string) string {
+	switch chain {
+	case chainRTNAT:
+		return tableNat
+	case chainRTPRE:
+		return tableMangle
+	default:
+		return tableFilter
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *router) insertEstablishedRule(chain string) error {
+	establishedRule := getConntrackEstablished()
+
+	err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chain, 1, establishedRule...)
 	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed check chain %s,error: %v", chainRTNAT, err)
-		return err
-	} else if ok {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.ClearAndDeleteChain(tableNat, chainRTNAT)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed cleaning chain %s,error: %v", chainRTNAT, err)
-			return err
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to insert established rule: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ruleKey := "established-" + chain
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = establishedRule
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) addJumpRules() error {
+	// Jump to NAT chain
+	natRule := []string{"-j", chainRTNAT}
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, 1, natRule...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add nat jump rule: %v", err)
+	}
+	r.rules[jumpNat] = natRule
+
+	// Jump to prerouting chain
+	preRule := []string{"-j", chainRTPRE}
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableMangle, chainPREROUTING, 1, preRule...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add prerouting jump rule: %v", err)
+	}
+	r.rules[jumpPre] = preRule
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) cleanJumpRules() error {
+	for _, ruleKey := range []string{jumpNat, jumpPre} {
+		if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+			table := tableNat
+			chain := chainPOSTROUTING
+			if ruleKey == jumpPre {
+				table = tableMangle
+				chain = chainPREROUTING
+			}
+
+			if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(table, chain, rule...); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("delete rule from chain %s in table %s, err: %v", chain, table, err)
+			}
+			delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (i *routerManager) createContainers() error {
-	if i.rules[Ipv4Forwarding] != nil {
+func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, pair)
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, rule...); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing existing marking rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+		}
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	markValue := nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade
+	if pair.Inverse {
+		markValue = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn
+	}
+
+	rule := []string{"-i", r.wgIface.Name()}
+	if pair.Inverse {
+		rule = []string{"!", "-i", r.wgIface.Name()}
+	}
+
+	rule = append(rule,
+		"-m", "conntrack",
+		"--ctstate", "NEW",
+		"-s", pair.Source.String(),
+		"-d", pair.Destination.String(),
+		"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", markValue),
+	)
+
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, rule...); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error while adding marking rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+	}
+
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = rule
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, pair)
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, rule...); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing marking rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+		}
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("marking rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) updateState() {
+	if r.stateManager == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var currentState *ShutdownState
+	if existing := r.stateManager.GetState(currentState); existing != nil {
+		if existingState, ok := existing.(*ShutdownState); ok {
+			currentState = existingState
+		}
+	}
+	if currentState == nil {
+		currentState = &ShutdownState{}
+	}
+
+	currentState.Lock()
+	defer currentState.Unlock()
+
+	currentState.RouteRules = r.rules
+	currentState.RouteIPsetCounter = r.ipsetCounter
+
+	if err := r.stateManager.UpdateState(currentState); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params routeFilteringRuleParams) []string {
+	var rule []string
+
+	if params.SetName != "" {
+		rule = append(rule, "-m", "set", matchSet, params.SetName, "src")
+	} else if len(params.Sources) > 0 {
+		source := params.Sources[0]
+		rule = append(rule, "-s", source.String())
+	}
+
+	rule = append(rule, "-d", params.Destination.String())
+
+	if params.Proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
+		rule = append(rule, "-p", strings.ToLower(string(params.Proto)))
+		rule = append(rule, applyPort("--sport", params.SPort)...)
+		rule = append(rule, applyPort("--dport", params.DPort)...)
+	}
+
+	rule = append(rule, "-j", actionToStr(params.Action))
+
+	return rule
+}
+
+func applyPort(flag string, port *firewall.Port) []string {
+	if port == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	errMSGFormat := "failed creating chain %s,error: %v"
-	err := i.createChain(tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(errMSGFormat, chainRTFWD, err)
+	if port.IsRange && len(port.Values) == 2 {
+		return []string{flag, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", port.Values[0], port.Values[1])}
 	}
 
-	err = i.createChain(tableNat, chainRTNAT)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf(errMSGFormat, chainRTNAT, err)
+	if len(port.Values) > 1 {
+		portList := make([]string, len(port.Values))
+		for i, p := range port.Values {
+			portList[i] = strconv.Itoa(p)
+		}
+		return []string{"-m", "multiport", flag, strings.Join(portList, ",")}
 	}
 
-	err = i.addJumpRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while creating jump rules: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addJumpRules create jump rules to send packets to NetBird chains
-func (i *routerManager) addJumpRules() error {
-	rule := []string{"-j", chainRTFWD}
-	err := i.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainFORWARD, 1, rule...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	i.rules[Ipv4Forwarding] = rule
-
-	rule = []string{"-j", chainRTNAT}
-	err = i.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, 1, rule...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	i.rules[ipv4Nat] = rule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// cleanJumpRules cleans jump rules that was sending packets to NetBird chains
-func (i *routerManager) cleanJumpRules() error {
-	var err error
-	errMSGFormat := "failed cleaning rule from chain %s,err: %v"
-	rule, found := i.rules[Ipv4Forwarding]
-	if found {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, chainFORWARD, rule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf(errMSGFormat, chainFORWARD, err)
-		}
-	}
-	rule, found = i.rules[ipv4Nat]
-	if found {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, rule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf(errMSGFormat, chainPOSTROUTING, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	rules, err := i.iptablesClient.List("nat", "POSTROUTING")
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to list rules: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, ruleString := range rules {
-		if !strings.Contains(ruleString, "NETBIRD") {
-			continue
-		}
-		rule := strings.Fields(ruleString)
-		err := i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists("nat", "POSTROUTING", rule[2:]...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete postrouting jump rule: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	rules, err = i.iptablesClient.List(tableFilter, "FORWARD")
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to list rules in FORWARD chain: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, ruleString := range rules {
-		if !strings.Contains(ruleString, "NETBIRD") {
-			continue
-		}
-		rule := strings.Fields(ruleString)
-		err := i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableFilter, "FORWARD", rule[2:]...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to delete FORWARD jump rule: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i *routerManager) createChain(table, newChain string) error {
-	chains, err := i.iptablesClient.ListChains(table)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("couldn't get %s table chains, error: %v", table, err)
-	}
-
-	shouldCreateChain := true
-	for _, chain := range chains {
-		if chain == newChain {
-			shouldCreateChain = false
-		}
-	}
-
-	if shouldCreateChain {
-		err = i.iptablesClient.NewChain(table, newChain)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("couldn't create chain %s in %s table, error: %v", newChain, table, err)
-		}
-
-		// Add the loopback return rule to the NAT chain
-		loopbackRule := []string{"-o", "lo", "-j", "RETURN"}
-		err = i.iptablesClient.Insert(table, newChain, 1, loopbackRule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to add loopback return rule to %s: %v", chainRTNAT, err)
-		}
-
-		err = i.iptablesClient.Append(table, newChain, "-j", "RETURN")
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("couldn't create chain %s default rule, error: %v", newChain, err)
-		}
-
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addNATRule appends an iptables rule pair to the nat chain
-func (i *routerManager) addNATRule(keyFormat, table, chain, jump string, pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(keyFormat, pair.ID)
-	rule := genRuleSpec(jump, pair.Source, pair.Destination)
-	existingRule, found := i.rules[ruleKey]
-	if found {
-		err := i.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(table, chain, existingRule...)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing existing NAT rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
-		}
-		delete(i.rules, ruleKey)
-	}
-
-	// inserting after loopback ignore rule
-	err := i.iptablesClient.Insert(table, chain, 2, rule...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while appending new NAT rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-
-	i.rules[ruleKey] = rule
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// genRuleSpec generates rule specification
-func genRuleSpec(jump, source, destination string) []string {
-	return []string{"-s", source, "-d", destination, "-j", jump}
-}
-
-func getIptablesRuleType(table string) string {
-	ruleType := "forwarding"
-	if table == tableNat {
-		ruleType = "nat"
-	}
-	return ruleType
+	return []string{flag, strconv.Itoa(port.Values[0])}
 }

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@
 package iptables
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os/exec"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/test"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 func isIptablesSupported() bool {
@@ -28,45 +30,45 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RestoreOrCreateContainers(t *testing.T) {
 	iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to init iptables client")
 
-	manager, err := newRouterManager(context.TODO(), iptablesClient)
+	manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "should return a valid iptables manager")
+	require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 
 	defer func() {
-		_ = manager.Reset()
+		assert.NoError(t, manager.Reset(), "shouldn't return error")
 	}()
 
-	require.Len(t, manager.rules, 2, "should have created rules map")
+	// Now 5 rules:
+	// 1. established rule in forward chain
+	// 2. jump rule to NAT chain
+	// 3. jump rule to PRE chain
+	// 4. static outbound masquerade rule
+	// 5. static return masquerade rule
+	require.Len(t, manager.rules, 5, "should have created rules map")
 
-	exists, err := manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainFORWARD, manager.rules[Ipv4Forwarding]...)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableFilter, chainFORWARD)
-	require.True(t, exists, "forwarding rule should exist")
-
-	exists, err = manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, manager.rules[ipv4Nat]...)
+	exists, err := manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, "-j", chainRTNAT)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING)
-	require.True(t, exists, "postrouting rule should exist")
+	require.True(t, exists, "postrouting jump rule should exist")
+
+	exists, err = manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainPREROUTING, "-j", chainRTPRE)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainPREROUTING)
+	require.True(t, exists, "prerouting jump rule should exist")
 
 	pair := firewall.RouterPair{
 		ID:          "abc",
-		Source:      "100.100.100.1/32",
-		Destination: "100.100.100.0/24",
+		Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
+		Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.0/24"),
 		Masquerade:  true,
 	}
-	forward4Rule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalForwardJump, pair.Source, pair.Destination)
 
-	err = manager.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, 1, forward4Rule...)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
-
-	nat4Rule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalNatJump, pair.Source, pair.Destination)
-
-	err = manager.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainRTNAT, 1, nat4Rule...)
-	require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
+	err = manager.AddNatRule(pair)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "adding NAT rule should not return error")
 
 	err = manager.Reset()
 	require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
 }
 
-func TestIptablesManager_InsertRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
-
+func TestIptablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 	if !isIptablesSupported() {
 		t.SkipNow()
 	}
@@ -76,78 +78,71 @@ func TestIptablesManager_InsertRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
 			iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to init iptables client")
 
-			manager, err := newRouterManager(context.TODO(), iptablesClient)
+			manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
+			require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 
 			defer func() {
-				err := manager.Reset()
-				if err != nil {
-					log.Errorf("failed to reset iptables manager: %s", err)
-				}
+				assert.NoError(t, manager.Reset(), "shouldn't return error")
 			}()
 
-			err = manager.InsertRoutingRules(testCase.InputPair)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "forwarding pair should be inserted")
+			err = manager.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "marking rule should be inserted")
 
-			forwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			forwardRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalForwardJump, testCase.InputPair.Source, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
-
-			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, forwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-			require.True(t, exists, "forwarding rule should exist")
-
-			foundRule, found := manager.rules[forwardRuleKey]
-			require.True(t, found, "forwarding rule should exist in the manager map")
-			require.Equal(t, forwardRule[:4], foundRule[:4], "stored forwarding rule should match")
-
-			inForwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			inForwardRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalForwardJump, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, inForwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-			require.True(t, exists, "income forwarding rule should exist")
-
-			foundRule, found = manager.rules[inForwardRuleKey]
-			require.True(t, found, "income forwarding rule should exist in the manager map")
-			require.Equal(t, inForwardRule[:4], foundRule[:4], "stored income forwarding rule should match")
-
-			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			natRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalNatJump, testCase.InputPair.Source, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainRTNAT, natRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainRTNAT)
-			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
-				require.True(t, exists, "nat rule should be created")
-				foundNatRule, foundNat := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
-				require.True(t, foundNat, "nat rule should exist in the map")
-				require.Equal(t, natRule[:4], foundNatRule[:4], "stored nat rule should match")
-			} else {
-				require.False(t, exists, "nat rule should not be created")
-				_, foundNat := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
-				require.False(t, foundNat, "nat rule should not exist in the map")
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair)
+			markingRule := []string{
+				"-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
+				"-m", "conntrack",
+				"--ctstate", "NEW",
+				"-s", testCase.InputPair.Source.String(),
+				"-d", testCase.InputPair.Destination.String(),
+				"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark",
+				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
 			}
 
-			inNatRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InNatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			inNatRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalNatJump, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainRTNAT, inNatRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainRTNAT)
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, markingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
 			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
-				require.True(t, exists, "income nat rule should be created")
-				foundNatRule, foundNat := manager.rules[inNatRuleKey]
-				require.True(t, foundNat, "income nat rule should exist in the map")
-				require.Equal(t, inNatRule[:4], foundNatRule[:4], "stored income nat rule should match")
+				require.True(t, exists, "marking rule should be created")
+				foundRule, found := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
+				require.True(t, found, "marking rule should exist in the map")
+				require.Equal(t, markingRule, foundRule, "stored marking rule should match")
 			} else {
-				require.False(t, exists, "nat rule should not be created")
-				_, foundNat := manager.rules[inNatRuleKey]
-				require.False(t, foundNat, "income nat rule should not exist in the map")
+				require.False(t, exists, "marking rule should not be created")
+				_, found := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
+				require.False(t, found, "marking rule should not exist in the map")
+			}
+
+			// Check inverse rule
+			inversePair := firewall.GetInversePair(testCase.InputPair)
+			inverseRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, inversePair)
+			inverseMarkingRule := []string{
+				"!", "-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
+				"-m", "conntrack",
+				"--ctstate", "NEW",
+				"-s", inversePair.Source.String(),
+				"-d", inversePair.Destination.String(),
+				"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark",
+				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
+			}
+
+			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, inverseMarkingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
+			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
+				require.True(t, exists, "inverse marking rule should be created")
+				foundRule, found := manager.rules[inverseRuleKey]
+				require.True(t, found, "inverse marking rule should exist in the map")
+				require.Equal(t, inverseMarkingRule, foundRule, "stored inverse marking rule should match")
+			} else {
+				require.False(t, exists, "inverse marking rule should not be created")
+				_, found := manager.rules[inverseRuleKey]
+				require.False(t, found, "inverse marking rule should not exist in the map")
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func TestIptablesManager_RemoveRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
-
+func TestIptablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 	if !isIptablesSupported() {
 		t.SkipNow()
 	}
@@ -156,72 +151,226 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RemoveRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			iptablesClient, _ := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
 
-			manager, err := newRouterManager(context.TODO(), iptablesClient)
+			manager, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
+			require.NoError(t, manager.init(nil))
 			defer func() {
-				_ = manager.Reset()
+				assert.NoError(t, manager.Reset(), "shouldn't return error")
 			}()
 
+			err = manager.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should add NAT rule without error")
+
+			err = manager.RemoveNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
 
-			forwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			forwardRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalForwardJump, testCase.InputPair.Source, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair)
+			markingRule := []string{
+				"-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
+				"-m", "conntrack",
+				"--ctstate", "NEW",
+				"-s", testCase.InputPair.Source.String(),
+				"-d", testCase.InputPair.Destination.String(),
+				"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark",
+				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
+			}
 
-			err = iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, 1, forwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, markingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
+			require.False(t, exists, "marking rule should not exist")
 
-			inForwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			inForwardRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalForwardJump, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
+			_, found := manager.rules[natRuleKey]
+			require.False(t, found, "marking rule should not exist in the manager map")
 
-			err = iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, 1, inForwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
+			// Check inverse rule removal
+			inversePair := firewall.GetInversePair(testCase.InputPair)
+			inverseRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, inversePair)
+			inverseMarkingRule := []string{
+				"!", "-i", ifaceMock.Name(),
+				"-m", "conntrack",
+				"--ctstate", "NEW",
+				"-s", inversePair.Source.String(),
+				"-d", inversePair.Destination.String(),
+				"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark",
+				fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
+			}
 
-			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			natRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalNatJump, testCase.InputPair.Source, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
-
-			err = iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainRTNAT, 1, natRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
-
-			inNatRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InNatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			inNatRule := genRuleSpec(routingFinalNatJump, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
-
-			err = iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainRTNAT, 1, inNatRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "inserting rule should not return error")
-
-			err = manager.Reset()
-			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
-
-			err = manager.RemoveRoutingRules(testCase.InputPair)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
-
-			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, forwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-			require.False(t, exists, "forwarding rule should not exist")
-
-			_, found := manager.rules[forwardRuleKey]
-			require.False(t, found, "forwarding rule should exist in the manager map")
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, inForwardRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableFilter, chainRTFWD)
-			require.False(t, exists, "income forwarding rule should not exist")
-
-			_, found = manager.rules[inForwardRuleKey]
-			require.False(t, found, "income forwarding rule should exist in the manager map")
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainRTNAT, natRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainRTNAT)
-			require.False(t, exists, "nat rule should not exist")
-
-			_, found = manager.rules[natRuleKey]
-			require.False(t, found, "nat rule should exist in the manager map")
-
-			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainRTNAT, inNatRule...)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainRTNAT)
-			require.False(t, exists, "income nat rule should not exist")
-
-			_, found = manager.rules[inNatRuleKey]
-			require.False(t, found, "income nat rule should exist in the manager map")
+			exists, err = iptablesClient.Exists(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, inverseMarkingRule...)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableMangle, chainRTPRE)
+			require.False(t, exists, "inverse marking rule should not exist")
 
+			_, found = manager.rules[inverseRuleKey]
+			require.False(t, found, "inverse marking rule should not exist in the map")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
+	if !isIptablesSupported() {
+		t.Skip("iptables not supported on this system")
+	}
+
+	iptablesClient, err := iptables.NewWithProtocol(iptables.ProtocolIPv4)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create iptables client")
+
+	r, err := newRouter(iptablesClient, ifaceMock)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router manager")
+	require.NoError(t, r.init(nil))
+
+	defer func() {
+		err := r.Reset()
+		require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to reset router")
+	}()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		sources     []netip.Prefix
+		destination netip.Prefix
+		proto       firewall.Protocol
+		sPort       *firewall.Port
+		dPort       *firewall.Port
+		direction   firewall.RuleDirection
+		action      firewall.Action
+		expectSet   bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "Basic TCP rule with single source",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "UDP rule with multiple sources",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolUDP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{1024, 2048}, IsRange: true},
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "All protocols rule",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolALL,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "ICMP rule",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolICMP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "TCP rule with multiple source ports",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/12")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{80, 443, 8080}},
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "UDP rule with single IP and port range",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolUDP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{5000, 5100}, IsRange: true},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "TCP rule with source and destination ports",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{1024, 65535}, IsRange: true},
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{22}},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Drop all incoming traffic",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolALL,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
+
+			// Check if the rule is in the internal map
+			rule, ok := r.rules[ruleKey.GetRuleID()]
+			assert.True(t, ok, "Rule not found in internal map")
+
+			// Log the internal rule
+			t.Logf("Internal rule: %v", rule)
+
+			// Check if the rule exists in iptables
+			exists, err := iptablesClient.Exists(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...)
+			assert.NoError(t, err, "Failed to check rule existence")
+			assert.True(t, exists, "Rule not found in iptables")
+
+			// Verify rule content
+			params := routeFilteringRuleParams{
+				Sources:     tt.sources,
+				Destination: tt.destination,
+				Proto:       tt.proto,
+				SPort:       tt.sPort,
+				DPort:       tt.dPort,
+				Action:      tt.action,
+				SetName:     "",
+			}
+
+			expectedRule := genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+
+			if tt.expectSet {
+				setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(tt.sources)
+				params.SetName = setName
+				expectedRule = genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+
+				// Check if the set was created
+				_, exists := r.ipsetCounter.Get(setName)
+				assert.True(t, exists, "IPSet not created")
+			}
+
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedRule, rule, "Rule content mismatch")
+
+			// Clean up
+			err = r.DeleteRouteRule(ruleKey)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to delete rule")
 		})
 	}
 }

client/firewall/iptables/rulestore_linux.go

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 package iptables
 
+import "encoding/json"
+
 type ipList struct {
 	ips map[string]struct{}
 }
 
-func newIpList(ip string) ipList {
+func newIpList(ip string) *ipList {
 	ips := make(map[string]struct{})
 	ips[ip] = struct{}{}
 
-	return ipList{
+	return &ipList{
 		ips: ips,
 	}
 }
@@ -17,27 +19,52 @@ func (s *ipList) addIP(ip string) {
 	s.ips[ip] = struct{}{}
 }
 
+// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler
+func (s *ipList) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		IPs map[string]struct{} `json:"ips"`
+	}{
+		IPs: s.ips,
+	})
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler
+func (s *ipList) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	temp := struct {
+		IPs map[string]struct{} `json:"ips"`
+	}{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &temp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.ips = temp.IPs
+
+	if temp.IPs == nil {
+		temp.IPs = make(map[string]struct{})
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 type ipsetStore struct {
-	ipsets map[string]ipList // ipsetName -> ruleset
+	ipsets map[string]*ipList
 }
 
 func newIpsetStore() *ipsetStore {
 	return &ipsetStore{
-		ipsets: make(map[string]ipList),
+		ipsets: make(map[string]*ipList),
 	}
 }
 
-func (s *ipsetStore) ipset(ipsetName string) (ipList, bool) {
+func (s *ipsetStore) ipset(ipsetName string) (*ipList, bool) {
 	r, ok := s.ipsets[ipsetName]
 	return r, ok
 }
 
-func (s *ipsetStore) addIpList(ipsetName string, list ipList) {
+func (s *ipsetStore) addIpList(ipsetName string, list *ipList) {
 	s.ipsets[ipsetName] = list
 }
 
 func (s *ipsetStore) deleteIpset(ipsetName string) {
-	s.ipsets[ipsetName] = ipList{}
 	delete(s.ipsets, ipsetName)
 }
 
@@ -48,3 +75,29 @@ func (s *ipsetStore) ipsetNames() []string {
 	}
 	return names
 }
+
+// MarshalJSON implements json.Marshaler
+func (s *ipsetStore) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(struct {
+		IPSets map[string]*ipList `json:"ipsets"`
+	}{
+		IPSets: s.ipsets,
+	})
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements json.Unmarshaler
+func (s *ipsetStore) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
+	temp := struct {
+		IPSets map[string]*ipList `json:"ipsets"`
+	}{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &temp); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	s.ipsets = temp.IPSets
+
+	if temp.IPSets == nil {
+		temp.IPSets = make(map[string]*ipList)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/iptables/state_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+package iptables
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+type InterfaceState struct {
+	NameStr       string          `json:"name"`
+	WGAddress     iface.WGAddress `json:"wg_address"`
+	UserspaceBind bool            `json:"userspace_bind"`
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) Name() string {
+	return i.NameStr
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) Address() device.WGAddress {
+	return i.WGAddress
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) IsUserspaceBind() bool {
+	return i.UserspaceBind
+}
+
+type ShutdownState struct {
+	sync.Mutex
+
+	InterfaceState *InterfaceState `json:"interface_state,omitempty"`
+
+	RouteRules        routeRules    `json:"route_rules,omitempty"`
+	RouteIPsetCounter *ipsetCounter `json:"route_ipset_counter,omitempty"`
+
+	ACLEntries    aclEntries  `json:"acl_entries,omitempty"`
+	ACLIPsetStore *ipsetStore `json:"acl_ipset_store,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (s *ShutdownState) Name() string {
+	return "iptables_state"
+}
+
+func (s *ShutdownState) Cleanup() error {
+	ipt, err := Create(s.InterfaceState)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create iptables manager: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if s.RouteRules != nil {
+		ipt.router.rules = s.RouteRules
+	}
+	if s.RouteIPsetCounter != nil {
+		ipt.router.ipsetCounter.LoadData(s.RouteIPsetCounter)
+	}
+
+	if s.ACLEntries != nil {
+		ipt.aclMgr.entries = s.ACLEntries
+	}
+	if s.ACLIPsetStore != nil {
+		ipt.aclMgr.ipsetStore = s.ACLIPsetStore
+	}
+
+	if err := ipt.Reset(nil); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reset iptables manager: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/manager/firewall.go

@@ -1,15 +1,24 @@
 package manager
 
 import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 const (
-	NatFormat          = "netbird-nat-%s"
-	ForwardingFormat   = "netbird-fwd-%s"
-	InNatFormat        = "netbird-nat-in-%s"
-	InForwardingFormat = "netbird-fwd-in-%s"
+	ForwardingFormatPrefix = "netbird-fwd-"
+	ForwardingFormat       = "netbird-fwd-%s-%t"
+	PreroutingFormat       = "netbird-prerouting-%s-%t"
+	NatFormat              = "netbird-nat-%s-%t"
 )
 
 // Rule abstraction should be implemented by each firewall manager
@@ -46,43 +55,135 @@ const (
 // It declares methods which handle actions required by the
 // Netbird client for ACL and routing functionality
 type Manager interface {
+	Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error
+
 	// AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
 	AllowNetbird() error
 
-	// AddFiltering rule to the firewall
+	// AddPeerFiltering adds a rule to the firewall
 	//
 	// If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
 	// rule ID as comment for the rule
-	AddFiltering(
+	AddPeerFiltering(
 		ip net.IP,
 		proto Protocol,
 		sPort *Port,
 		dPort *Port,
-		direction RuleDirection,
 		action Action,
 		ipsetName string,
 		comment string,
 	) ([]Rule, error)
 
-	// DeleteRule from the firewall by rule definition
-	DeleteRule(rule Rule) error
+	// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+	DeletePeerRule(rule Rule) error
 
 	// IsServerRouteSupported returns true if the firewall supports server side routing operations
 	IsServerRouteSupported() bool
 
-	// InsertRoutingRules inserts a routing firewall rule
-	InsertRoutingRules(pair RouterPair) error
+	AddRouteFiltering(source []netip.Prefix, destination netip.Prefix, proto Protocol, sPort *Port, dPort *Port, action Action) (Rule, error)
 
-	// RemoveRoutingRules removes a routing firewall rule
-	RemoveRoutingRules(pair RouterPair) error
+	// DeleteRouteRule deletes a routing rule
+	DeleteRouteRule(rule Rule) error
+
+	// AddNatRule inserts a routing NAT rule
+	AddNatRule(pair RouterPair) error
+
+	// RemoveNatRule removes a routing NAT rule
+	RemoveNatRule(pair RouterPair) error
+
+	// SetLegacyManagement sets the legacy management mode
+	SetLegacyManagement(legacy bool) error
 
 	// Reset firewall to the default state
-	Reset() error
+	Reset(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error
 
 	// Flush the changes to firewall controller
 	Flush() error
 }
 
-func GenKey(format string, input string) string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf(format, input)
+func GenKey(format string, pair RouterPair) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(format, pair.ID, pair.Inverse)
+}
+
+// LegacyManager defines the interface for legacy management operations
+type LegacyManager interface {
+	RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules() error
+	GetLegacyManagement() bool
+	SetLegacyManagement(bool)
+}
+
+// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management
+func SetLegacyManagement(router LegacyManager, isLegacy bool) error {
+	oldLegacy := router.GetLegacyManagement()
+
+	if oldLegacy != isLegacy {
+		router.SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy)
+		log.Debugf("Set legacy management to %v", isLegacy)
+	}
+
+	// client reconnected to a newer mgmt, we need to clean up the legacy rules
+	if !isLegacy && oldLegacy {
+		if err := router.RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rules: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		log.Debugf("Legacy routing rules removed")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GenerateSetName generates a unique name for an ipset based on the given sources.
+func GenerateSetName(sources []netip.Prefix) string {
+	// sort for consistent naming
+	SortPrefixes(sources)
+
+	var sourcesStr strings.Builder
+	for _, src := range sources {
+		sourcesStr.WriteString(src.String())
+	}
+
+	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(sourcesStr.String()))
+	shortHash := hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])[:8]
+
+	return fmt.Sprintf("nb-%s", shortHash)
+}
+
+// MergeIPRanges merges overlapping IP ranges and returns a slice of non-overlapping netip.Prefix
+func MergeIPRanges(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []netip.Prefix {
+	if len(prefixes) == 0 {
+		return prefixes
+	}
+
+	merged := []netip.Prefix{prefixes[0]}
+	for _, prefix := range prefixes[1:] {
+		last := merged[len(merged)-1]
+		if last.Contains(prefix.Addr()) {
+			// If the current prefix is contained within the last merged prefix, skip it
+			continue
+		}
+		if prefix.Contains(last.Addr()) {
+			// If the current prefix contains the last merged prefix, replace it
+			merged[len(merged)-1] = prefix
+		} else {
+			// Otherwise, add the current prefix to the merged list
+			merged = append(merged, prefix)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return merged
+}
+
+// SortPrefixes sorts the given slice of netip.Prefix in place.
+// It sorts first by IP address, then by prefix length (most specific to least specific).
+func SortPrefixes(prefixes []netip.Prefix) {
+	sort.Slice(prefixes, func(i, j int) bool {
+		addrCmp := prefixes[i].Addr().Compare(prefixes[j].Addr())
+		if addrCmp != 0 {
+			return addrCmp < 0
+		}
+
+		// If IP addresses are the same, compare prefix lengths (longer prefixes first)
+		return prefixes[i].Bits() > prefixes[j].Bits()
+	})
 }

client/firewall/manager/firewall_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+package manager_test
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"reflect"
+	"regexp"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+)
+
+func TestGenerateSetName(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("Different orders result in same hash", func(t *testing.T) {
+		prefixes1 := []netip.Prefix{
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+		}
+		prefixes2 := []netip.Prefix{
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+		}
+
+		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes1)
+		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes2)
+
+		if result1 != result2 {
+			t.Errorf("Different orders produced different hashes: %s != %s", result1, result2)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Result format is correct", func(t *testing.T) {
+		prefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+		}
+
+		result := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes)
+
+		matched, err := regexp.MatchString(`^nb-[0-9a-f]{8}$`, result)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Error matching regex: %v", err)
+		}
+		if !matched {
+			t.Errorf("Result format is incorrect: %s", result)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Empty input produces consistent result", func(t *testing.T) {
+		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName([]netip.Prefix{})
+		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName([]netip.Prefix{})
+
+		if result1 != result2 {
+			t.Errorf("Empty input produced inconsistent results: %s != %s", result1, result2)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("IPv4 and IPv6 mixing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		prefixes1 := []netip.Prefix{
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/32"),
+		}
+		prefixes2 := []netip.Prefix{
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/32"),
+			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+		}
+
+		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes1)
+		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes2)
+
+		if result1 != result2 {
+			t.Errorf("Different orders of IPv4 and IPv6 produced different hashes: %s != %s", result1, result2)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestMergeIPRanges(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		input    []netip.Prefix
+		expected []netip.Prefix
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "Empty input",
+			input:    []netip.Prefix{},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Single range",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Two non-overlapping ranges",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One range containing another",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "One range containing another (different order)",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Overlapping ranges",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.128/25"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Overlapping ranges (different order)",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.128/25"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple overlapping ranges",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.128/25"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Partially overlapping ranges",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/23"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/25"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/23"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/25"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IPv6 ranges",
+			input: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8:1::/48"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8:2::/48"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("2001:db8::/32"),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := manager.MergeIPRanges(tt.input)
+			if !reflect.DeepEqual(result, tt.expected) {
+				t.Errorf("MergeIPRanges() = %v, want %v", result, tt.expected)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

client/firewall/manager/routerpair.go

@@ -1,18 +1,26 @@
 package manager
 
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
+)
+
 type RouterPair struct {
-	ID          string
-	Source      string
-	Destination string
+	ID          route.ID
+	Source      netip.Prefix
+	Destination netip.Prefix
 	Masquerade  bool
+	Inverse     bool
 }
 
-func GetInPair(pair RouterPair) RouterPair {
+func GetInversePair(pair RouterPair) RouterPair {
 	return RouterPair{
 		ID: pair.ID,
 		// invert Source/Destination
 		Source:      pair.Destination,
 		Destination: pair.Source,
 		Masquerade:  pair.Masquerade,
+		Inverse:     true,
 	}
 }

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux.go

@@ -5,20 +5,34 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/google/nftables"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
 	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 const (
-	// tableName is the name of the table that is used for filtering by the Netbird client
-	tableName = "netbird"
+	// tableNameNetbird is the name of the table that is used for filtering by the Netbird client
+	tableNameNetbird = "netbird"
+
+	tableNameFilter = "filter"
+	chainNameInput  = "INPUT"
 )
 
+// iFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
+type iFaceMapper interface {
+	Name() string
+	Address() iface.WGAddress
+	IsUserspaceBind() bool
+}
+
 // Manager of iptables firewall
 type Manager struct {
 	mutex   sync.Mutex
@@ -30,40 +44,79 @@ type Manager struct {
 }
 
 // Create nftables firewall manager
-func Create(context context.Context, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
+func Create(wgIface iFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 	m := &Manager{
 		rConn:   &nftables.Conn{},
 		wgIface: wgIface,
 	}
 
-	workTable, err := m.createWorkTable()
+	workTable := &nftables.Table{Name: tableNameNetbird, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4}
+
+	var err error
+	m.router, err = newRouter(workTable, wgIface)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create router: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	m.router, err = newRouter(context, workTable)
+	m.aclManager, err = newAclManager(workTable, wgIface, chainNameRoutingFw)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	m.aclManager, err = newAclManager(workTable, wgIface, m.router.RouteingFwChainName())
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create acl manager: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-// AddFiltering rule to the firewall
+// Init nftables firewall manager
+func (m *Manager) Init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
+	workTable, err := m.createWorkTable()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create work table: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.router.init(workTable); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("router init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.aclManager.init(workTable); err != nil {
+		// TODO: cleanup router
+		return fmt.Errorf("acl manager init: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	stateManager.RegisterState(&ShutdownState{})
+
+	// We only need to record minimal interface state for potential recreation.
+	// Unlike iptables, which requires tracking individual rules, nftables maintains
+	// a known state (our netbird table plus a few static rules). This allows for easy
+	// cleanup using Reset() without needing to store specific rules.
+	if err := stateManager.UpdateState(&ShutdownState{
+		InterfaceState: &InterfaceState{
+			NameStr:       m.wgIface.Name(),
+			WGAddress:     m.wgIface.Address(),
+			UserspaceBind: m.wgIface.IsUserspaceBind(),
+		},
+	}); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to update state: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// persist early
+	go func() {
+		if err := stateManager.PersistState(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to persist state: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
 //
 // If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
 // rule ID as comment for the rule
-func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	ip net.IP,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	direction firewall.RuleDirection,
 	action firewall.Action,
 	ipsetName string,
 	comment string,
@@ -76,33 +129,59 @@ func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", ip.String())
 	}
 
-	return m.aclManager.AddFiltering(ip, proto, sPort, dPort, direction, action, ipsetName, comment)
+	return m.aclManager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, proto, sPort, dPort, action, ipsetName, comment)
 }
 
-// DeleteRule from the firewall by rule definition
-func (m *Manager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination netip.Prefix,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.aclManager.DeleteRule(rule)
+	if !destination.Addr().Is4() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Addr().String())
+	}
+
+	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.aclManager.DeletePeerRule(rule)
+}
+
+// DeleteRouteRule deletes a routing rule
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.router.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	return true
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) InsertRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.router.AddRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.router.AddNatRule(pair)
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) RemoveRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.router.RemoveRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.router.RemoveNatRule(pair)
 }
 
 // AllowNetbird allows netbird interface traffic
@@ -126,7 +205,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 
 	var chain *nftables.Chain
 	for _, c := range chains {
-		if c.Table.Name == "filter" && c.Name == "INPUT" {
+		if c.Table.Name == tableNameFilter && c.Name == chainNameInput {
 			chain = c
 			break
 		}
@@ -157,47 +236,86 @@ func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management
+func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
+	return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router, isLegacy)
+}
+
 // Reset firewall to the default state
-func (m *Manager) Reset() error {
+func (m *Manager) Reset(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	chains, err := m.rConn.ListChains()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list of chains: %w", err)
+	if err := m.resetNetbirdInputRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reset netbird input rules: %v", err)
 	}
 
+	if err := m.router.Reset(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reset router: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.cleanupNetbirdTables(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cleanup netbird tables: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rConn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := stateManager.DeleteState(&ShutdownState{}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete state: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) resetNetbirdInputRules() error {
+	chains, err := m.rConn.ListChains()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list chains: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.deleteNetbirdInputRules(chains)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) deleteNetbirdInputRules(chains []*nftables.Chain) {
 	for _, c := range chains {
-		// delete Netbird allow input traffic rule if it exists
-		if c.Table.Name == "filter" && c.Name == "INPUT" {
+		if c.Table.Name == tableNameFilter && c.Name == chainNameInput {
 			rules, err := m.rConn.GetRules(c.Table, c)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Errorf("get rules for chain %q: %v", c.Name, err)
 				continue
 			}
-			for _, r := range rules {
-				if bytes.Equal(r.UserData, []byte(allowNetbirdInputRuleID)) {
-					if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r); err != nil {
-						log.Errorf("delete rule: %v", err)
-					}
-				}
+
+			m.deleteMatchingRules(rules)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) deleteMatchingRules(rules []*nftables.Rule) {
+	for _, r := range rules {
+		if bytes.Equal(r.UserData, []byte(allowNetbirdInputRuleID)) {
+			if err := m.rConn.DelRule(r); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("delete rule: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 	}
+}
 
-	m.router.ResetForwardRules()
-
+func (m *Manager) cleanupNetbirdTables() error {
 	tables, err := m.rConn.ListTables()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("list of tables: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("list tables: %w", err)
 	}
+
 	for _, t := range tables {
-		if t.Name == tableName {
+		if t.Name == tableNameNetbird {
 			m.rConn.DelTable(t)
 		}
 	}
-
-	return m.rConn.Flush()
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Flush rule/chain/set operations from the buffer
@@ -218,12 +336,12 @@ func (m *Manager) createWorkTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
 	}
 
 	for _, t := range tables {
-		if t.Name == tableName {
+		if t.Name == tableNameNetbird {
 			m.rConn.DelTable(t)
 		}
 	}
 
-	table := m.rConn.AddTable(&nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4})
+	table := m.rConn.AddTable(&nftables.Table{Name: tableNameNetbird, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4})
 	err = m.rConn.Flush()
 	return table, err
 }
@@ -251,7 +369,7 @@ func (m *Manager) applyAllowNetbirdRules(chain *nftables.Chain) {
 func (m *Manager) detectAllowNetbirdRule(existedRules []*nftables.Rule) *nftables.Rule {
 	ifName := ifname(m.wgIface.Name())
 	for _, rule := range existedRules {
-		if rule.Table.Name == "filter" && rule.Chain.Name == "INPUT" {
+		if rule.Table.Name == tableNameFilter && rule.Chain.Name == chainNameInput {
 			if len(rule.Exprs) < 4 {
 				if e, ok := rule.Exprs[0].(*expr.Meta); !ok || e.Key != expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME {
 					continue
@@ -265,3 +383,38 @@ func (m *Manager) detectAllowNetbirdRule(existedRules []*nftables.Rule) *nftable
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func insertReturnTrafficRule(conn *nftables.Conn, table *nftables.Table, chain *nftables.Chain) {
+	rule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table: table,
+		Chain: chain,
+		Exprs: getEstablishedExprs(1),
+	}
+
+	conn.InsertRule(rule)
+}
+
+func getEstablishedExprs(register uint32) []expr.Any {
+	return []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
+			Register: register,
+		},
+		&expr.Bitwise{
+			SourceRegister: register,
+			DestRegister:   register,
+			Len:            4,
+			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitESTABLISHED | expr.CtStateBitRELATED),
+			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+			Register: register,
+			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+		},
+		&expr.Counter{},
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
+		},
+	}
+}

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -1,22 +1,39 @@
 package nftables
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"os/exec"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/nftables"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
 	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 
 	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 )
 
+var ifaceMock = &iFaceMock{
+	NameFunc: func() string {
+		return "lo"
+	},
+	AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
+		return iface.WGAddress{
+			IP: net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1"),
+			Network: &net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.96.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
+			},
+		}
+	},
+}
+
 // iFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
 type iFaceMock struct {
 	NameFunc    func() string
@@ -40,28 +57,15 @@ func (i *iFaceMock) Address() iface.WGAddress {
 func (i *iFaceMock) IsUserspaceBind() bool { return false }
 
 func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
-	mock := &iFaceMock{
-		NameFunc: func() string {
-			return "lo"
-		},
-		AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
-			return iface.WGAddress{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.96.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-				},
-			}
-		},
-	}
 
 	// just check on the local interface
-	manager, err := Create(context.Background(), mock)
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 	time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
 
 	defer func() {
-		err = manager.Reset()
+		err = manager.Reset(nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset")
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
@@ -70,16 +74,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 
 	testClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
-	rule, err := manager.AddFiltering(
-		ip,
-		fw.ProtocolTCP,
-		nil,
-		&fw.Port{Values: []int{53}},
-		fw.RuleDirectionIN,
-		fw.ActionDrop,
-		"",
-		"",
-	)
+	rule, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []int{53}}, fw.ActionDrop, "", "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 	err = manager.Flush()
@@ -88,17 +83,35 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 	rules, err := testClient.GetRules(manager.aclManager.workTable, manager.aclManager.chainInputRules)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to get rules")
 
-	require.Len(t, rules, 1, "expected 1 rules")
+	require.Len(t, rules, 2, "expected 2 rules")
+
+	expectedExprs1 := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Bitwise{
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			DestRegister:   1,
+			Len:            4,
+			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitESTABLISHED | expr.CtStateBitRELATED),
+			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+		},
+		&expr.Counter{},
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
+		},
+	}
+	require.ElementsMatch(t, rules[0].Exprs, expectedExprs1, "expected the same expressions")
 
 	ipToAdd, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
 	add := ipToAdd.Unmap()
-	expectedExprs := []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     ifname("lo"),
-		},
+	expectedExprs2 := []expr.Any{
 		&expr.Payload{
 			DestRegister: 1,
 			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
@@ -134,10 +147,10 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictDrop},
 	}
-	require.ElementsMatch(t, rules[0].Exprs, expectedExprs, "expected the same expressions")
+	require.ElementsMatch(t, rules[1].Exprs, expectedExprs2, "expected the same expressions")
 
 	for _, r := range rule {
-		err = manager.DeleteRule(r)
+		err = manager.DeletePeerRule(r)
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to delete rule")
 	}
 
@@ -146,9 +159,10 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 
 	rules, err = testClient.GetRules(manager.aclManager.workTable, manager.aclManager.chainInputRules)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to get rules")
-	require.Len(t, rules, 0, "expected 0 rules after deletion")
+	// established rule remains
+	require.Len(t, rules, 1, "expected 1 rules after deletion")
 
-	err = manager.Reset()
+	err = manager.Reset(nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset")
 }
 
@@ -171,12 +185,13 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, testMax := range []int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000} {
 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("Testing %d rules", testMax), func(t *testing.T) {
 			// just check on the local interface
-			manager, err := Create(context.Background(), mock)
+			manager, err := Create(mock)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 			time.Sleep(time.Second * 3)
 
 			defer func() {
-				if err := manager.Reset(); err != nil {
+				if err := manager.Reset(nil); err != nil {
 					t.Errorf("clear the manager state: %v", err)
 				}
 				time.Sleep(time.Second)
@@ -186,11 +201,7 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{1000 + i}}
-				if i%2 == 0 {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				} else {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionIN, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				}
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 				if i%100 == 0 {
@@ -203,3 +214,96 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func runIptablesSave(t *testing.T) (string, string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
+	cmd := exec.Command("iptables-save")
+	cmd.Stdout = &stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = &stderr
+
+	err := cmd.Run()
+	require.NoError(t, err, "iptables-save failed to run")
+
+	return stdout.String(), stderr.String()
+}
+
+func verifyIptablesOutput(t *testing.T, stdout, stderr string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	// Check for any incompatibility warnings
+	require.NotContains(t,
+		stderr,
+		"incompatible",
+		"iptables-save produced compatibility warning. Full stderr: %s",
+		stderr,
+	)
+
+	// Verify standard tables are present
+	expectedTables := []string{
+		"*filter",
+		"*nat",
+		"*mangle",
+	}
+
+	for _, table := range expectedTables {
+		require.Contains(t,
+			stdout,
+			table,
+			"iptables-save output missing expected table: %s\nFull stdout: %s",
+			table,
+			stdout,
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptables(t *testing.T) {
+	if check() != NFTABLES {
+		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
+	}
+
+	if _, err := exec.LookPath("iptables-save"); err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("iptables-save not available on this system: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// First ensure iptables-nft tables exist by running iptables-save
+	stdout, stderr := runIptablesSave(t)
+	verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
+
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to create manager")
+	require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
+
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		err := manager.Reset(nil)
+		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to reset manager state")
+
+		// Verify iptables output after reset
+		stdout, stderr := runIptablesSave(t)
+		verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
+	})
+
+	ip := net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1")
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []int{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "", "test rule")
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add peer filtering rule")
+
+	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/24")},
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.1.0.0/24"),
+		fw.ProtocolTCP,
+		nil,
+		&fw.Port{Values: []int{443}},
+		fw.ActionAccept,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add route filtering rule")
+
+	pair := fw.RouterPair{
+		Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+		Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+		Masquerade:  true,
+	}
+	err = manager.AddNatRule(pair)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add NAT rule")
+
+	stdout, stderr = runIptablesSave(t)
+	verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
+}

client/firewall/nftables/route_linux.go

@@ -1,431 +0,0 @@
-package nftables
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-
-	"github.com/google/nftables"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
-	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
-	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-)
-
-const (
-	chainNameRouteingFw = "netbird-rt-fwd"
-	chainNameRoutingNat = "netbird-rt-nat"
-
-	userDataAcceptForwardRuleSrc = "frwacceptsrc"
-	userDataAcceptForwardRuleDst = "frwacceptdst"
-
-	loopbackInterface = "lo\x00"
-)
-
-// some presets for building nftable rules
-var (
-	zeroXor = binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0)
-
-	exprCounterAccept = []expr.Any{
-		&expr.Counter{},
-		&expr.Verdict{
-			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
-		},
-	}
-
-	errFilterTableNotFound = fmt.Errorf("nftables: 'filter' table not found")
-)
-
-type router struct {
-	ctx         context.Context
-	stop        context.CancelFunc
-	conn        *nftables.Conn
-	workTable   *nftables.Table
-	filterTable *nftables.Table
-	chains      map[string]*nftables.Chain
-	// rules is useful to avoid duplicates and to get missing attributes that we don't have when adding new rules
-	rules                    map[string]*nftables.Rule
-	isDefaultFwdRulesEnabled bool
-}
-
-func newRouter(parentCtx context.Context, workTable *nftables.Table) (*router, error) {
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(parentCtx)
-
-	r := &router{
-		ctx:       ctx,
-		stop:      cancel,
-		conn:      &nftables.Conn{},
-		workTable: workTable,
-		chains:    make(map[string]*nftables.Chain),
-		rules:     make(map[string]*nftables.Rule),
-	}
-
-	var err error
-	r.filterTable, err = r.loadFilterTable()
-	if err != nil {
-		if errors.Is(err, errFilterTableNotFound) {
-			log.Warnf("table 'filter' not found for forward rules")
-		} else {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-	}
-
-	err = r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	err = r.createContainers()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to create containers for route: %s", err)
-	}
-	return r, err
-}
-
-func (r *router) RouteingFwChainName() string {
-	return chainNameRouteingFw
-}
-
-// ResetForwardRules cleans existing nftables default forward rules from the system
-func (r *router) ResetForwardRules() {
-	err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to reset forward rules: %s", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func (r *router) loadFilterTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
-	tables, err := r.conn.ListTablesOfFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list tables: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	for _, table := range tables {
-		if table.Name == "filter" {
-			return table, nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil, errFilterTableNotFound
-}
-
-func (r *router) createContainers() error {
-
-	r.chains[chainNameRouteingFw] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:  chainNameRouteingFw,
-		Table: r.workTable,
-	})
-
-	r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNameRoutingNat,
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPostrouting,
-		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityNATSource - 1,
-		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
-	})
-
-	// Add RETURN rule for loopback interface
-	loRule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.workTable,
-		Chain: r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-		Exprs: []expr.Any{
-			&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME, Register: 1},
-			&expr.Cmp{
-				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
-				Register: 1,
-				Data:     []byte(loopbackInterface),
-			},
-			&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictReturn},
-		},
-	}
-	r.conn.InsertRule(loRule)
-
-	err := r.refreshRulesMap()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to initialize table: %v", err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// AddRoutingRules appends a nftable rule pair to the forwarding chain and if enabled, to the nat chain
-func (r *router) AddRoutingRules(pair manager.RouterPair) error {
-	err := r.refreshRulesMap()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = r.addRoutingRule(manager.ForwardingFormat, chainNameRouteingFw, pair, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	err = r.addRoutingRule(manager.InForwardingFormat, chainNameRouteingFw, manager.GetInPair(pair), false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if pair.Masquerade {
-		err = r.addRoutingRule(manager.NatFormat, chainNameRoutingNat, pair, true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		err = r.addRoutingRule(manager.InNatFormat, chainNameRoutingNat, manager.GetInPair(pair), true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	if r.filterTable != nil && !r.isDefaultFwdRulesEnabled {
-		log.Debugf("add default accept forward rule")
-		r.acceptForwardRule(pair.Source)
-	}
-
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to insert rules for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// addRoutingRule inserts a nftable rule to the conn client flush queue
-func (r *router) addRoutingRule(format, chainName string, pair manager.RouterPair, isNat bool) error {
-	sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, pair.Source)
-	destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, pair.Destination)
-
-	var expression []expr.Any
-	if isNat {
-		expression = append(sourceExp, append(destExp, &expr.Counter{}, &expr.Masq{})...) // nolint:gocritic
-	} else {
-		expression = append(sourceExp, append(destExp, exprCounterAccept...)...) // nolint:gocritic
-	}
-
-	ruleKey := manager.GenKey(format, pair.ID)
-
-	_, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]
-	if exists {
-		err := r.removeRoutingRule(format, pair)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
-		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainName],
-		Exprs:    expression,
-		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
-	})
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *router) acceptForwardRule(sourceNetwork string) {
-	src := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, sourceNetwork)
-	dst := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, "0.0.0.0/0")
-
-	var exprs []expr.Any
-	exprs = append(src, append(dst, &expr.Verdict{ // nolint:gocritic
-		Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
-	})...)
-
-	rule := &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.filterTable,
-		Chain: &nftables.Chain{
-			Name:     "FORWARD",
-			Table:    r.filterTable,
-			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
-			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
-		},
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleSrc),
-	}
-
-	r.conn.AddRule(rule)
-
-	src = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, "0.0.0.0/0")
-	dst = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, sourceNetwork)
-
-	exprs = append(src, append(dst, &expr.Verdict{ //nolint:gocritic
-		Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
-	})...)
-
-	rule = &nftables.Rule{
-		Table: r.filterTable,
-		Chain: &nftables.Chain{
-			Name:     "FORWARD",
-			Table:    r.filterTable,
-			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
-			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
-		},
-		Exprs:    exprs,
-		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleDst),
-	}
-	r.conn.AddRule(rule)
-	r.isDefaultFwdRulesEnabled = true
-}
-
-// RemoveRoutingRules removes a nftable rule pair from forwarding and nat chains
-func (r *router) RemoveRoutingRules(pair manager.RouterPair) error {
-	err := r.refreshRulesMap()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = r.removeRoutingRule(manager.ForwardingFormat, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = r.removeRoutingRule(manager.InForwardingFormat, manager.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = r.removeRoutingRule(manager.NatFormat, pair)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	err = r.removeRoutingRule(manager.InNatFormat, manager.GetInPair(pair))
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if len(r.rules) == 0 {
-		err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules()
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	err = r.conn.Flush()
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: received error while applying rule removal for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
-	}
-	log.Debugf("nftables: removed rules for %s", pair.Destination)
-	return nil
-}
-
-// removeRoutingRule add a nftable rule to the removal queue and delete from rules map
-func (r *router) removeRoutingRule(format string, pair manager.RouterPair) error {
-	ruleKey := manager.GenKey(format, pair.ID)
-
-	rule, found := r.rules[ruleKey]
-	if found {
-		ruleType := "forwarding"
-		if rule.Chain.Type == nftables.ChainTypeNAT {
-			ruleType = "nat"
-		}
-
-		err := r.conn.DelRule(rule)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to remove %s rule for %s: %v", ruleType, pair.Destination, err)
-		}
-
-		log.Debugf("nftables: removing %s rule for %s", ruleType, pair.Destination)
-
-		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// refreshRulesMap refreshes the rule map with the latest rules. this is useful to avoid
-// duplicates and to get missing attributes that we don't have when adding new rules
-func (r *router) refreshRulesMap() error {
-	for _, chain := range r.chains {
-		rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list rules: %v", err)
-		}
-		for _, rule := range rules {
-			if len(rule.UserData) > 0 {
-				r.rules[string(rule.UserData)] = rule
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (r *router) cleanUpDefaultForwardRules() error {
-	if r.filterTable == nil {
-		r.isDefaultFwdRulesEnabled = false
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	chains, err := r.conn.ListChainsOfTableFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	var rules []*nftables.Rule
-	for _, chain := range chains {
-		if chain.Table.Name != r.filterTable.Name {
-			continue
-		}
-		if chain.Name != "FORWARD" {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		rules, err = r.conn.GetRules(r.filterTable, chain)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, rule := range rules {
-		if bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleSrc)) || bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleDst)) {
-			err := r.conn.DelRule(rule)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	r.isDefaultFwdRulesEnabled = false
-	return r.conn.Flush()
-}
-
-// generateCIDRMatcherExpressions generates nftables expressions that matches a CIDR
-func generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(source bool, cidr string) []expr.Any {
-	ip, network, _ := net.ParseCIDR(cidr)
-	ipToAdd, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
-	add := ipToAdd.Unmap()
-
-	var offSet uint32
-	if source {
-		offSet = 12 // src offset
-	} else {
-		offSet = 16 // dst offset
-	}
-
-	return []expr.Any{
-		// fetch src add
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-			Offset:       offSet,
-			Len:          4,
-		},
-		// net mask
-		&expr.Bitwise{
-			DestRegister:   1,
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			Len:            4,
-			Mask:           network.Mask,
-			Xor:            zeroXor,
-		},
-		// net address
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     add.AsSlice(),
-		},
-	}
-}

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,989 @@
+package nftables
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
+	"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
+	"github.com/google/nftables"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
+	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl/id"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/refcounter"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
+)
+
+const (
+	chainNameRoutingFw  = "netbird-rt-fwd"
+	chainNameRoutingNat = "netbird-rt-postrouting"
+	chainNameForward    = "FORWARD"
+
+	userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif = "frwacceptiif"
+	userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif = "frwacceptoif"
+)
+
+const refreshRulesMapError = "refresh rules map: %w"
+
+var (
+	errFilterTableNotFound = fmt.Errorf("nftables: 'filter' table not found")
+)
+
+type router struct {
+	conn        *nftables.Conn
+	workTable   *nftables.Table
+	filterTable *nftables.Table
+	chains      map[string]*nftables.Chain
+	// rules is useful to avoid duplicates and to get missing attributes that we don't have when adding new rules
+	rules        map[string]*nftables.Rule
+	ipsetCounter *refcounter.Counter[string, []netip.Prefix, *nftables.Set]
+
+	wgIface          iFaceMapper
+	legacyManagement bool
+}
+
+func newRouter(workTable *nftables.Table, wgIface iFaceMapper) (*router, error) {
+	r := &router{
+		conn:      &nftables.Conn{},
+		workTable: workTable,
+		chains:    make(map[string]*nftables.Chain),
+		rules:     make(map[string]*nftables.Rule),
+		wgIface:   wgIface,
+	}
+
+	r.ipsetCounter = refcounter.New(
+		r.createIpSet,
+		r.deleteIpSet,
+	)
+
+	var err error
+	r.filterTable, err = r.loadFilterTable()
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, errFilterTableNotFound) {
+			log.Warnf("table 'filter' not found for forward rules")
+		} else {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("load filter table: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) init(workTable *nftables.Table) error {
+	r.workTable = workTable
+
+	if err := r.removeAcceptForwardRules(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.createContainers(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Reset cleans existing nftables default forward rules from the system
+func (r *router) Reset() error {
+	// clear without deleting the ipsets, the nf table will be deleted by the caller
+	r.ipsetCounter.Clear()
+
+	return r.removeAcceptForwardRules()
+}
+
+func (r *router) loadFilterTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
+	tables, err := r.conn.ListTablesOfFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list tables: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, table := range tables {
+		if table.Name == "filter" {
+			return table, nil
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil, errFilterTableNotFound
+}
+
+func (r *router) createContainers() error {
+	r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
+		Name:  chainNameRoutingFw,
+		Table: r.workTable,
+	})
+
+	insertReturnTrafficRule(r.conn, r.workTable, r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw])
+
+	prio := *nftables.ChainPriorityNATSource - 1
+	r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNameRoutingNat,
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPostrouting,
+		Priority: &prio,
+		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
+	})
+
+	// Chain is created by acl manager
+	// TODO: move creation to a common place
+	r.chains[chainNamePrerouting] = &nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNamePrerouting,
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
+		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
+	}
+
+	// Add the single NAT rule that matches on mark
+	if err := r.addPostroutingRules(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add single nat rule: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.acceptForwardRules(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to add accept rules for the forward chain: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to clean up rules from FORWARD chain: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to initialize table: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddRouteFiltering appends a nftables rule to the routing chain
+func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination netip.Prefix,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+
+	ruleKey := id.GenerateRouteRuleKey(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	if _, ok := r.rules[string(ruleKey)]; ok {
+		return ruleKey, nil
+	}
+
+	chain := r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw]
+	var exprs []expr.Any
+
+	switch {
+	case len(sources) == 1 && sources[0].Bits() == 0:
+		// If it's 0.0.0.0/0, we don't need to add any source matching
+	case len(sources) == 1:
+		// If there's only one source, we can use it directly
+		exprs = append(exprs, generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, sources[0])...)
+	default:
+		// If there are multiple sources, create or get an ipset
+		var err error
+		exprs, err = r.getIpSetExprs(sources, exprs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("get ipset expressions: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Handle destination
+	exprs = append(exprs, generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, destination)...)
+
+	// Handle protocol
+	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
+		protoNum, err := protoToInt(proto)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("convert protocol to number: %w", err)
+		}
+		exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO, Register: 1})
+		exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     []byte{protoNum},
+		})
+
+		exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(sPort, true)...)
+		exprs = append(exprs, applyPort(dPort, false)...)
+	}
+
+	exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Counter{})
+
+	var verdict expr.VerdictKind
+	if action == firewall.ActionAccept {
+		verdict = expr.VerdictAccept
+	} else {
+		verdict = expr.VerdictDrop
+	}
+	exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Verdict{Kind: verdict})
+
+	rule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Chain:    chain,
+		Exprs:    exprs,
+		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
+	}
+
+	rule = r.conn.AddRule(rule)
+
+	log.Tracef("Adding route rule %s", spew.Sdump(rule))
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	r.rules[string(ruleKey)] = rule
+
+	log.Debugf("nftables: added route rule: sources=%v, destination=%v, proto=%v, sPort=%v, dPort=%v, action=%v", sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+
+	return ruleKey, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) getIpSetExprs(sources []netip.Prefix, exprs []expr.Any) ([]expr.Any, error) {
+	setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(sources)
+	ref, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(setName, sources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset for sources: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	exprs = append(exprs,
+		&expr.Payload{
+			DestRegister: 1,
+			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
+			Offset:       12,
+			Len:          4,
+		},
+		&expr.Lookup{
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			SetName:        ref.Out.Name,
+			SetID:          ref.Out.ID,
+		},
+	)
+	return exprs, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
+	}
+
+	ruleKey := rule.GetRuleID()
+	nftRule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]
+	if !exists {
+		log.Debugf("route rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if nftRule.Handle == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("route rule %s has no handle", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	setName := r.findSetNameInRule(nftRule)
+
+	if err := r.deleteNftRule(nftRule, ruleKey); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if setName != "" {
+		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset reference: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) (*nftables.Set, error) {
+	// overlapping prefixes will result in an error, so we need to merge them
+	sources = firewall.MergeIPRanges(sources)
+
+	set := &nftables.Set{
+		Name:  setName,
+		Table: r.workTable,
+		// required for prefixes
+		Interval: true,
+		KeyType:  nftables.TypeIPAddr,
+	}
+
+	var elements []nftables.SetElement
+	for _, prefix := range sources {
+		// TODO: Implement IPv6 support
+		if prefix.Addr().Is6() {
+			log.Printf("Skipping IPv6 prefix %s: IPv6 support not yet implemented", prefix)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// nftables needs half-open intervals [firstIP, lastIP) for prefixes
+		// e.g. 10.0.0.0/24 becomes [10.0.0.0, 10.0.1.0), 10.1.1.1/32 becomes [10.1.1.1, 10.1.1.2) etc
+		firstIP := prefix.Addr()
+		lastIP := calculateLastIP(prefix).Next()
+
+		elements = append(elements,
+			// the nft tool also adds a line like this, see https://github.com/google/nftables/issues/247
+			// nftables.SetElement{Key: []byte{0, 0, 0, 0}, IntervalEnd: true},
+			nftables.SetElement{Key: firstIP.AsSlice()},
+			nftables.SetElement{Key: lastIP.AsSlice(), IntervalEnd: true},
+		)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.AddSet(set, elements); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error adding elements to set %s: %w", setName, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush error: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("Created new ipset: %s with %d elements", setName, len(elements)/2)
+
+	return set, nil
+}
+
+// calculateLastIP determines the last IP in a given prefix.
+func calculateLastIP(prefix netip.Prefix) netip.Addr {
+	hostMask := ^uint32(0) >> prefix.Masked().Bits()
+	lastIP := uint32FromNetipAddr(prefix.Addr()) | hostMask
+
+	return netip.AddrFrom4(uint32ToBytes(lastIP))
+}
+
+// Utility function to convert netip.Addr to uint32.
+func uint32FromNetipAddr(addr netip.Addr) uint32 {
+	b := addr.As4()
+	return binary.BigEndian.Uint32(b[:])
+}
+
+// Utility function to convert uint32 to a netip-compatible byte slice.
+func uint32ToBytes(ip uint32) [4]byte {
+	var b [4]byte
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(b[:], ip)
+	return b
+}
+
+func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string, set *nftables.Set) error {
+	r.conn.DelSet(set)
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("Deleted unused ipset %s", setName)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) findSetNameInRule(rule *nftables.Rule) string {
+	for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
+		if lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
+			return lookup.SetName
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (r *router) deleteNftRule(rule *nftables.Rule, ruleKey string) error {
+	if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule %s: %w", ruleKey, err)
+	}
+	delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+
+	log.Debugf("removed route rule %s", ruleKey)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AddNatRule appends a nftables rule pair to the nat chain
+func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
+	}
+
+	if r.legacyManagement {
+		log.Warnf("This peer is connected to a NetBird Management service with an older version. Allowing all traffic for %s", pair.Destination)
+		if err := r.addLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add legacy routing rule: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if pair.Masquerade {
+		if err := r.addNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add nat rule: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if err := r.addNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add inverse nat rule: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: insert rules for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addNatRule inserts a nftables rule to the conn client flush queue
+func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, pair.Source)
+	destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, pair.Destination)
+
+	op := expr.CmpOpEq
+	if pair.Inverse {
+		op = expr.CmpOpNeq
+	}
+
+	exprs := []expr.Any{
+		// We only care about NEW connections to mark them and later identify them in the postrouting chain for masquerading.
+		// Masquerading will take care of the conntrack state, which means we won't need to mark established connections.
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Bitwise{
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			DestRegister:   1,
+			Len:            4,
+			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitNEW),
+			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+		},
+
+		// interface matching
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       op,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+	}
+
+	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
+	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
+
+	var markValue uint32 = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade
+	if pair.Inverse {
+		markValue = nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn
+	}
+
+	exprs = append(exprs,
+		&expr.Immediate{
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(markValue),
+		},
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:            expr.MetaKeyMARK,
+			SourceRegister: true,
+			Register:       1,
+		},
+	)
+
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, pair)
+
+	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Chain:    r.chains[chainNamePrerouting],
+		Exprs:    exprs,
+		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addPostroutingRules adds the masquerade rules
+func (r *router) addPostroutingRules() error {
+	// First masquerade rule for traffic coming in from WireGuard interface
+	exprs := []expr.Any{
+		// Match on the first fwmark
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasquerade),
+		},
+
+		// We need to exclude the loopback interface as this changes the ebpf proxy port
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname("lo"),
+		},
+		&expr.Counter{},
+		&expr.Masq{},
+	}
+
+	r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.workTable,
+		Chain: r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
+		Exprs: exprs,
+	})
+
+	// Second masquerade rule for traffic going out through WireGuard interface
+	exprs2 := []expr.Any{
+		// Match on the second fwmark
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyMARK,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.PreroutingFwmarkMasqueradeReturn),
+		},
+
+		// Match WireGuard interface
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+		&expr.Counter{},
+		&expr.Masq{},
+	}
+
+	r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.workTable,
+		Chain: r.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
+		Exprs: exprs2,
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addLegacyRouteRule adds a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
+func (r *router) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, pair.Source)
+	destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, pair.Destination)
+
+	exprs := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Counter{},
+		&expr.Verdict{
+			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
+		},
+	}
+
+	expression := append(sourceExp, append(destExp, exprs...)...) // nolint:gocritic
+
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, pair)
+
+	if _, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
+		Exprs:    expression,
+		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
+	})
+	return nil
+}
+
+// removeLegacyRouteRule removes a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
+func (r *router) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, pair)
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
+		}
+
+		log.Debugf("nftables: removed legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
+
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("nftables: legacy forwarding rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// GetLegacyManagement returns the route manager's legacy management mode
+func (r *router) GetLegacyManagement() bool {
+	return r.legacyManagement
+}
+
+// SetLegacyManagement sets the route manager to use legacy management mode
+func (r *router) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) {
+	r.legacyManagement = isLegacy
+}
+
+// RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules removes all legacy routing rules for mgmt servers pre route acls
+func (r *router) RemoveAllLegacyRouteRules() error {
+	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
+	}
+
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for k, rule := range r.rules {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(k, firewall.ForwardingFormatPrefix) {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule: %v", err))
+		} else {
+			delete(r.rules, k)
+		}
+
+	}
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+// acceptForwardRules adds iif/oif rules in the filter table/forward chain to make sure
+// that our traffic is not dropped by existing rules there.
+// The existing FORWARD rules/policies decide outbound traffic towards our interface.
+// In case the FORWARD policy is set to "drop", we add an established/related rule to allow return traffic for the inbound rule.
+func (r *router) acceptForwardRules() error {
+	if r.filterTable == nil {
+		log.Debugf("table 'filter' not found for forward rules, skipping accept rules")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	fw := "iptables"
+
+	defer func() {
+		log.Debugf("Used %s to add accept forward rules", fw)
+	}()
+
+	// Try iptables first and fallback to nftables if iptables is not available
+	ipt, err := iptables.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		// filter table exists but iptables is not
+		log.Warnf("Will use nftables to manipulate the filter table because iptables is not available: %v", err)
+
+		fw = "nftables"
+		return r.acceptForwardRulesNftables()
+	}
+
+	return r.acceptForwardRulesIptables(ipt)
+}
+
+func (r *router) acceptForwardRulesIptables(ipt *iptables.IPTables) error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for _, rule := range r.getAcceptForwardRules() {
+		if err := ipt.Insert("filter", chainNameForward, 1, rule...); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(err, fmt.Errorf("add iptables rule: %v", err))
+		} else {
+			log.Debugf("added iptables rule: %v", rule)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+func (r *router) getAcceptForwardRules() [][]string {
+	intf := r.wgIface.Name()
+	return [][]string{
+		{"-i", intf, "-j", "ACCEPT"},
+		{"-o", intf, "-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"},
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *router) acceptForwardRulesNftables() error {
+	intf := ifname(r.wgIface.Name())
+
+	// Rule for incoming interface (iif) with counter
+	iifRule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.filterTable,
+		Chain: &nftables.Chain{
+			Name:     chainNameForward,
+			Table:    r.filterTable,
+			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
+			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
+		},
+		Exprs: []expr.Any{
+			&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME, Register: 1},
+			&expr.Cmp{
+				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+				Register: 1,
+				Data:     intf,
+			},
+			&expr.Counter{},
+			&expr.Verdict{Kind: expr.VerdictAccept},
+		},
+		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif),
+	}
+	r.conn.InsertRule(iifRule)
+
+	oifExprs := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{Key: expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME, Register: 1},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     intf,
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Rule for outgoing interface (oif) with counter
+	oifRule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.filterTable,
+		Chain: &nftables.Chain{
+			Name:     "FORWARD",
+			Table:    r.filterTable,
+			Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+			Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookForward,
+			Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityFilter,
+		},
+		Exprs:    append(oifExprs, getEstablishedExprs(2)...),
+		UserData: []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif),
+	}
+
+	r.conn.InsertRule(oifRule)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeAcceptForwardRules() error {
+	if r.filterTable == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Try iptables first and fallback to nftables if iptables is not available
+	ipt, err := iptables.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("Will use nftables to manipulate the filter table because iptables is not available: %v", err)
+		return r.removeAcceptForwardRulesNftables()
+	}
+
+	return r.removeAcceptForwardRulesIptables(ipt)
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeAcceptForwardRulesNftables() error {
+	chains, err := r.conn.ListChainsOfTableFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("list chains: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	for _, chain := range chains {
+		if chain.Table.Name != r.filterTable.Name || chain.Name != chainNameForward {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(r.filterTable, chain)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("get rules: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		for _, rule := range rules {
+			if bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleIif)) ||
+				bytes.Equal(rule.UserData, []byte(userDataAcceptForwardRuleOif)) {
+				if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: %v", err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeAcceptForwardRulesIptables(ipt *iptables.IPTables) error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for _, rule := range r.getAcceptForwardRules() {
+		if err := ipt.DeleteIfExists("filter", chainNameForward, rule...); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(err, fmt.Errorf("remove iptables rule: %v", err))
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+// RemoveNatRule removes the prerouting mark rule
+func (r *router) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse prerouting rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy routing rule: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: received error while applying rule removal for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("nftables: removed nat rules for %s", pair.Destination)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, pair)
+
+	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
+		err := r.conn.DelRule(rule)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
+		}
+
+		log.Debugf("nftables: removed prerouting rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
+
+		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+	} else {
+		log.Debugf("nftables: prerouting rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// refreshRulesMap refreshes the rule map with the latest rules. this is useful to avoid
+// duplicates and to get missing attributes that we don't have when adding new rules
+func (r *router) refreshRulesMap() error {
+	for _, chain := range r.chains {
+		rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list rules: %v", err)
+		}
+		for _, rule := range rules {
+			if len(rule.UserData) > 0 {
+				r.rules[string(rule.UserData)] = rule
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// generateCIDRMatcherExpressions generates nftables expressions that matches a CIDR
+func generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(source bool, prefix netip.Prefix) []expr.Any {
+	var offset uint32
+	if source {
+		offset = 12 // src offset
+	} else {
+		offset = 16 // dst offset
+	}
+
+	ones := prefix.Bits()
+	// 0.0.0.0/0 doesn't need extra expressions
+	if ones == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	mask := net.CIDRMask(ones, 32)
+
+	return []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Payload{
+			DestRegister: 1,
+			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
+			Offset:       offset,
+			Len:          4,
+		},
+		// netmask
+		&expr.Bitwise{
+			DestRegister:   1,
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			Len:            4,
+			Mask:           mask,
+			Xor:            []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+		},
+		// net address
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     prefix.Masked().Addr().AsSlice(),
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func applyPort(port *firewall.Port, isSource bool) []expr.Any {
+	if port == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var exprs []expr.Any
+
+	offset := uint32(2) // Default offset for destination port
+	if isSource {
+		offset = 0 // Offset for source port
+	}
+
+	exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Payload{
+		DestRegister: 1,
+		Base:         expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader,
+		Offset:       offset,
+		Len:          2,
+	})
+
+	if port.IsRange && len(port.Values) == 2 {
+		// Handle port range
+		exprs = append(exprs,
+			&expr.Cmp{
+				Op:       expr.CmpOpGte,
+				Register: 1,
+				Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(uint16(port.Values[0])),
+			},
+			&expr.Cmp{
+				Op:       expr.CmpOpLte,
+				Register: 1,
+				Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(uint16(port.Values[1])),
+			},
+		)
+	} else {
+		// Handle single port or multiple ports
+		for i, p := range port.Values {
+			if i > 0 {
+				// Add a bitwise OR operation between port checks
+				exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Bitwise{
+					SourceRegister: 1,
+					DestRegister:   1,
+					Len:            4,
+					Mask:           []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0xff, 0xff},
+					Xor:            []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00},
+				})
+			}
+			exprs = append(exprs, &expr.Cmp{
+				Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+				Register: 1,
+				Data:     binaryutil.BigEndian.PutUint16(uint16(p)),
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return exprs
+}

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -3,12 +3,16 @@
 package nftables
 
 import (
-	"context"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os/exec"
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
 	"github.com/google/nftables"
+	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
 	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
@@ -24,195 +28,627 @@ const (
 	NFTABLES
 )
 
-func TestNftablesManager_InsertRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 	if check() != NFTABLES {
 		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this OS")
 	}
 
-	table, err := createWorkTable()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	defer deleteWorkTable()
-
 	for _, testCase := range test.InsertRuleTestCases {
 		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			manager, err := newRouter(context.TODO(), table)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to create router")
+			// need fw manager to init both acl mgr and router for all chains to be present
+			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
 
 			nftablesTestingClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
-			defer manager.ResetForwardRules()
+			rtr := manager.router
+			err = rtr.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "pair should be inserted")
 
-			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
-
-			err = manager.AddRoutingRules(testCase.InputPair)
-			defer func() {
-				_ = manager.RemoveRoutingRules(testCase.InputPair)
-			}()
-			require.NoError(t, err, "forwarding pair should be inserted")
-
-			sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, testCase.InputPair.Source)
-			destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
-			testingExpression := append(sourceExp, destExp...) //nolint:gocritic
-			fwdRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-
-			found := 0
-			for _, chain := range manager.chains {
-				rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-				require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-				for _, rule := range rules {
-					if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == fwdRuleKey {
-						require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "forwarding rule elements should match")
-						found = 1
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			require.Equal(t, 1, found, "should find at least 1 rule to test")
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(t, rtr.RemoveNatRule(testCase.InputPair), "failed to remove rule")
+			})
 
 			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
-				natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
+				// Build expected expressions for connection tracking
+				conntrackExprs := []expr.Any{
+					&expr.Ct{
+						Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
+						Register: 1,
+					},
+					&expr.Bitwise{
+						SourceRegister: 1,
+						DestRegister:   1,
+						Len:            4,
+						Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitNEW),
+						Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
+					},
+					&expr.Cmp{
+						Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+						Register: 1,
+						Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+					},
+				}
+
+				// Build interface matching expression
+				ifaceExprs := []expr.Any{
+					&expr.Meta{
+						Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
+						Register: 1,
+					},
+					&expr.Cmp{
+						Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+						Register: 1,
+						Data:     ifname(ifaceMock.Name()),
+					},
+				}
+
+				// Build CIDR matching expressions
+				sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, testCase.InputPair.Source)
+				destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
+
+				// Combine all expressions in the correct order
+				// nolint:gocritic
+				testingExpression := append(conntrackExprs, ifaceExprs...)
+				testingExpression = append(testingExpression, sourceExp...)
+				testingExpression = append(testingExpression, destExp...)
+
+				natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 				found := 0
-				for _, chain := range manager.chains {
-					rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-					require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-					for _, rule := range rules {
-						if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
-							require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "nat rule elements should match")
-							found = 1
+				for _, chain := range rtr.chains {
+					if chain.Name == chainNamePrerouting {
+						rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
+						require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
+						for _, rule := range rules {
+							if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+								// Compare expressions up to the mark setting expressions
+								require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "prerouting nat rule elements should match")
+								found = 1
+							}
 						}
 					}
 				}
-				require.Equal(t, 1, found, "should find at least 1 rule to test")
-			}
-
-			sourceExp = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source)
-			destExp = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
-			testingExpression = append(sourceExp, destExp...) //nolint:gocritic
-			inFwdRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-
-			found = 0
-			for _, chain := range manager.chains {
-				rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-				require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-				for _, rule := range rules {
-					if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == inFwdRuleKey {
-						require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "income forwarding rule elements should match")
-						found = 1
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			require.Equal(t, 1, found, "should find at least 1 rule to test")
-
-			if testCase.InputPair.Masquerade {
-				inNatRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InNatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-				found := 0
-				for _, chain := range manager.chains {
-					rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-					require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-					for _, rule := range rules {
-						if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == inNatRuleKey {
-							require.ElementsMatchf(t, rule.Exprs[:len(testingExpression)], testingExpression, "income nat rule elements should match")
-							found = 1
-						}
-					}
-				}
-				require.Equal(t, 1, found, "should find at least 1 rule to test")
+				require.Equal(t, 1, found, "should find at least 1 rule in prerouting chain")
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func TestNftablesManager_RemoveRoutingRules(t *testing.T) {
+func TestNftablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 	if check() != NFTABLES {
 		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this OS")
 	}
 
-	table, err := createWorkTable()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	for _, testCase := range test.RemoveRuleTestCases {
+		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+			require.NoError(t, manager.Init(nil))
+
+			rtr := manager.router
+
+			// First add the NAT rule using the router's method
+			err = rtr.AddNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should add NAT rule")
+
+			// Verify the rule was added
+			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
+			found := false
+			rules, err := rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNamePrerouting])
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules")
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			require.True(t, found, "NAT rule should exist before removal")
+
+			// Now remove the rule
+			err = rtr.RemoveNatRule(testCase.InputPair)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error when removing rule")
+
+			// Verify the rule was removed
+			found = false
+			rules, err = rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNamePrerouting])
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules after removal")
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			require.False(t, found, "NAT rule should not exist after removal")
+
+			// Verify the static postrouting rules still exist
+			rules, err = rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNameRoutingNat])
+			require.NoError(t, err, "should list postrouting rules")
+			foundCounter := false
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
+					if _, ok := e.(*expr.Counter); ok {
+						foundCounter = true
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				if foundCounter {
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			require.True(t, foundCounter, "static postrouting rule should remain")
+		})
 	}
+}
+
+func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
+	if check() != NFTABLES {
+		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
+	}
+
+	workTable, err := createWorkTable()
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create work table")
 
 	defer deleteWorkTable()
 
-	for _, testCase := range test.RemoveRuleTestCases {
-		t.Run(testCase.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			manager, err := newRouter(context.TODO(), table)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to create router")
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router")
+	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
 
-			nftablesTestingClient := &nftables.Conn{}
+	defer func(r *router) {
+		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset rules")
+	}(r)
 
-			defer manager.ResetForwardRules()
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		sources     []netip.Prefix
+		destination netip.Prefix
+		proto       firewall.Protocol
+		sPort       *firewall.Port
+		dPort       *firewall.Port
+		direction   firewall.RuleDirection
+		action      firewall.Action
+		expectSet   bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "Basic TCP rule with single source",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "UDP rule with multiple sources",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolUDP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{1024, 2048}, IsRange: true},
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "All protocols rule",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolALL,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "ICMP rule",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolICMP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "TCP rule with multiple source ports",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/12")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{80, 443, 8080}},
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "UDP rule with single IP and port range",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolUDP,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{5000, 5100}, IsRange: true},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "TCP rule with source and destination ports",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolTCP,
+			sPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{1024, 65535}, IsRange: true},
+			dPort:       &firewall.Port{Values: []int{22}},
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
+			action:      firewall.ActionAccept,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "Drop all incoming traffic",
+			sources:     []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+			destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/24"),
+			proto:       firewall.ProtocolALL,
+			sPort:       nil,
+			dPort:       nil,
+			direction:   firewall.RuleDirectionIN,
+			action:      firewall.ActionDrop,
+			expectSet:   false,
+		},
+	}
 
-			sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, testCase.InputPair.Source)
-			destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
 
-			forwardExp := append(sourceExp, append(destExp, exprCounterAccept...)...) //nolint:gocritic
-			forwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			insertedForwarding := nftablesTestingClient.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-				Table:    manager.workTable,
-				Chain:    manager.chains[chainNameRouteingFw],
-				Exprs:    forwardExp,
-				UserData: []byte(forwardRuleKey),
+			t.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(t, r.DeleteRouteRule(ruleKey), "Failed to delete rule")
 			})
 
-			natExp := append(sourceExp, append(destExp, &expr.Counter{}, &expr.Masq{})...) //nolint:gocritic
-			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.NatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
+			// Check if the rule is in the internal map
+			rule, ok := r.rules[ruleKey.GetRuleID()]
+			assert.True(t, ok, "Rule not found in internal map")
 
-			insertedNat := nftablesTestingClient.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-				Table:    manager.workTable,
-				Chain:    manager.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-				Exprs:    natExp,
-				UserData: []byte(natRuleKey),
-			})
+			t.Log("Internal rule expressions:")
+			for i, expr := range rule.Exprs {
+				t.Logf("  [%d] %T: %+v", i, expr, expr)
+			}
 
-			sourceExp = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Source)
-			destExp = generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, firewall.GetInPair(testCase.InputPair).Destination)
+			// Verify internal rule content
+			verifyRule(t, rule, tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.direction, tt.action, tt.expectSet)
 
-			forwardExp = append(sourceExp, append(destExp, exprCounterAccept...)...) //nolint:gocritic
-			inForwardRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InForwardingFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
-			insertedInForwarding := nftablesTestingClient.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-				Table:    manager.workTable,
-				Chain:    manager.chains[chainNameRouteingFw],
-				Exprs:    forwardExp,
-				UserData: []byte(inForwardRuleKey),
-			})
+			// Check if the rule exists in nftables and verify its content
+			rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(r.workTable, r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw])
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to get rules from nftables")
 
-			natExp = append(sourceExp, append(destExp, &expr.Counter{}, &expr.Masq{})...) //nolint:gocritic
-			inNatRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.InNatFormat, testCase.InputPair.ID)
+			var nftRule *nftables.Rule
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				if string(rule.UserData) == ruleKey.GetRuleID() {
+					nftRule = rule
+					break
+				}
+			}
 
-			insertedInNat := nftablesTestingClient.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
-				Table:    manager.workTable,
-				Chain:    manager.chains[chainNameRoutingNat],
-				Exprs:    natExp,
-				UserData: []byte(inNatRuleKey),
-			})
+			require.NotNil(t, nftRule, "Rule not found in nftables")
+			t.Log("Actual nftables rule expressions:")
+			for i, expr := range nftRule.Exprs {
+				t.Logf("  [%d] %T: %+v", i, expr, expr)
+			}
 
-			err = nftablesTestingClient.Flush()
-			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
+			// Verify actual nftables rule content
+			verifyRule(t, nftRule, tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.direction, tt.action, tt.expectSet)
+		})
+	}
+}
 
-			manager.ResetForwardRules()
+func TestNftablesCreateIpSet(t *testing.T) {
+	if check() != NFTABLES {
+		t.Skip("nftables not supported on this system")
+	}
 
-			err = manager.RemoveRoutingRules(testCase.InputPair)
-			require.NoError(t, err, "shouldn't return error")
+	workTable, err := createWorkTable()
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create work table")
 
-			for _, chain := range manager.chains {
-				rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
-				require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
-				for _, rule := range rules {
-					if len(rule.UserData) > 0 {
-						require.NotEqual(t, insertedForwarding.UserData, rule.UserData, "forwarding rule should not exist")
-						require.NotEqual(t, insertedNat.UserData, rule.UserData, "nat rule should not exist")
-						require.NotEqual(t, insertedInForwarding.UserData, rule.UserData, "income forwarding rule should not exist")
-						require.NotEqual(t, insertedInNat.UserData, rule.UserData, "income nat rule should not exist")
+	defer deleteWorkTable()
+
+	r, err := newRouter(workTable, ifaceMock)
+	require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create router")
+	require.NoError(t, r.init(workTable))
+
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, r.Reset(), "Failed to reset router")
+	}()
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name     string
+		sources  []netip.Prefix
+		expected []netip.Prefix
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "Single IP",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32")},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple IPs",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.1/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.1/32"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Single Subnet",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/24")},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple Subnets with Various Prefix Lengths",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("203.0.113.0/26"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Mix of Single IPs and Subnets in Different Positions",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.1/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("203.0.113.0/24"),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Overlapping IPs/Subnets",
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.1/32"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.1/32"),
+			},
+			expected: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Add this helper function inside TestNftablesCreateIpSet
+	printNftSets := func() {
+		cmd := exec.Command("nft", "list", "sets")
+		output, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Logf("Failed to run 'nft list sets': %v", err)
+		} else {
+			t.Logf("Current nft sets:\n%s", output)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(tt.sources)
+			set, err := r.createIpSet(setName, tt.sources)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Logf("Failed to create IP set: %v", err)
+				printNftSets()
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to create IP set")
+			}
+			require.NotNil(t, set, "Created set is nil")
+
+			// Verify set properties
+			assert.Equal(t, setName, set.Name, "Set name mismatch")
+			assert.Equal(t, r.workTable, set.Table, "Set table mismatch")
+			assert.True(t, set.Interval, "Set interval property should be true")
+			assert.Equal(t, nftables.TypeIPAddr, set.KeyType, "Set key type mismatch")
+
+			// Fetch the created set from nftables
+			fetchedSet, err := r.conn.GetSetByName(r.workTable, setName)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to fetch created set")
+			require.NotNil(t, fetchedSet, "Fetched set is nil")
+
+			// Verify set elements
+			elements, err := r.conn.GetSetElements(fetchedSet)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to get set elements")
+
+			// Count the number of unique prefixes (excluding interval end markers)
+			uniquePrefixes := make(map[string]bool)
+			for _, elem := range elements {
+				if !elem.IntervalEnd {
+					ip := netip.AddrFrom4(*(*[4]byte)(elem.Key))
+					uniquePrefixes[ip.String()] = true
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Check against expected merged prefixes
+			expectedCount := len(tt.expected)
+			if expectedCount == 0 {
+				expectedCount = len(tt.sources)
+			}
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedCount, len(uniquePrefixes), "Number of unique prefixes in set doesn't match expected")
+
+			// Verify each expected prefix is in the set
+			for _, expected := range tt.expected {
+				found := false
+				for _, elem := range elements {
+					if !elem.IntervalEnd {
+						ip := netip.AddrFrom4(*(*[4]byte)(elem.Key))
+						if expected.Contains(ip) {
+							found = true
+							break
+						}
+					}
+				}
+				assert.True(t, found, "Expected prefix %s not found in set", expected)
+			}
+
+			r.conn.DelSet(set)
+			if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+				t.Logf("Failed to delete set: %v", err)
+				printNftSets()
+			}
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to delete set")
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func verifyRule(t *testing.T, rule *nftables.Rule, sources []netip.Prefix, destination netip.Prefix, proto firewall.Protocol, sPort, dPort *firewall.Port, direction firewall.RuleDirection, action firewall.Action, expectSet bool) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	assert.NotNil(t, rule, "Rule should not be nil")
+
+	// Verify sources and destination
+	if expectSet {
+		assert.True(t, containsSetLookup(rule.Exprs), "Rule should contain set lookup for multiple sources")
+	} else if len(sources) == 1 && sources[0].Bits() != 0 {
+		if direction == firewall.RuleDirectionIN {
+			assert.True(t, containsCIDRMatcher(rule.Exprs, sources[0], true), "Rule should contain source CIDR matcher for %s", sources[0])
+		} else {
+			assert.True(t, containsCIDRMatcher(rule.Exprs, sources[0], false), "Rule should contain destination CIDR matcher for %s", sources[0])
+		}
+	}
+
+	if direction == firewall.RuleDirectionIN {
+		assert.True(t, containsCIDRMatcher(rule.Exprs, destination, false), "Rule should contain destination CIDR matcher for %s", destination)
+	} else {
+		assert.True(t, containsCIDRMatcher(rule.Exprs, destination, true), "Rule should contain source CIDR matcher for %s", destination)
+	}
+
+	// Verify protocol
+	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
+		assert.True(t, containsProtocol(rule.Exprs, proto), "Rule should contain protocol matcher for %s", proto)
+	}
+
+	// Verify ports
+	if sPort != nil {
+		assert.True(t, containsPort(rule.Exprs, sPort, true), "Rule should contain source port matcher for %v", sPort)
+	}
+	if dPort != nil {
+		assert.True(t, containsPort(rule.Exprs, dPort, false), "Rule should contain destination port matcher for %v", dPort)
+	}
+
+	// Verify action
+	assert.True(t, containsAction(rule.Exprs, action), "Rule should contain correct action: %s", action)
+}
+
+func containsSetLookup(exprs []expr.Any) bool {
+	for _, e := range exprs {
+		if _, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func containsCIDRMatcher(exprs []expr.Any, prefix netip.Prefix, isSource bool) bool {
+	var offset uint32
+	if isSource {
+		offset = 12 // src offset
+	} else {
+		offset = 16 // dst offset
+	}
+
+	var payloadFound, bitwiseFound, cmpFound bool
+	for _, e := range exprs {
+		switch ex := e.(type) {
+		case *expr.Payload:
+			if ex.Base == expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader && ex.Offset == offset && ex.Len == 4 {
+				payloadFound = true
+			}
+		case *expr.Bitwise:
+			if ex.Len == 4 && len(ex.Mask) == 4 && len(ex.Xor) == 4 {
+				bitwiseFound = true
+			}
+		case *expr.Cmp:
+			if ex.Op == expr.CmpOpEq && len(ex.Data) == 4 {
+				cmpFound = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return (payloadFound && bitwiseFound && cmpFound) || prefix.Bits() == 0
+}
+
+func containsPort(exprs []expr.Any, port *firewall.Port, isSource bool) bool {
+	var offset uint32 = 2 // Default offset for destination port
+	if isSource {
+		offset = 0 // Offset for source port
+	}
+
+	var payloadFound, portMatchFound bool
+	for _, e := range exprs {
+		switch ex := e.(type) {
+		case *expr.Payload:
+			if ex.Base == expr.PayloadBaseTransportHeader && ex.Offset == offset && ex.Len == 2 {
+				payloadFound = true
+			}
+		case *expr.Cmp:
+			if port.IsRange {
+				if ex.Op == expr.CmpOpGte || ex.Op == expr.CmpOpLte {
+					portMatchFound = true
+				}
+			} else {
+				if ex.Op == expr.CmpOpEq && len(ex.Data) == 2 {
+					portValue := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(ex.Data)
+					for _, p := range port.Values {
+						if uint16(p) == portValue {
+							portMatchFound = true
+							break
+						}
 					}
 				}
 			}
-		})
+		}
+		if payloadFound && portMatchFound {
+			return true
+		}
 	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func containsProtocol(exprs []expr.Any, proto firewall.Protocol) bool {
+	var metaFound, cmpFound bool
+	expectedProto, _ := protoToInt(proto)
+	for _, e := range exprs {
+		switch ex := e.(type) {
+		case *expr.Meta:
+			if ex.Key == expr.MetaKeyL4PROTO {
+				metaFound = true
+			}
+		case *expr.Cmp:
+			if ex.Op == expr.CmpOpEq && len(ex.Data) == 1 && ex.Data[0] == expectedProto {
+				cmpFound = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return metaFound && cmpFound
+}
+
+func containsAction(exprs []expr.Any, action firewall.Action) bool {
+	for _, e := range exprs {
+		if verdict, ok := e.(*expr.Verdict); ok {
+			switch action {
+			case firewall.ActionAccept:
+				return verdict.Kind == expr.VerdictAccept
+			case firewall.ActionDrop:
+				return verdict.Kind == expr.VerdictDrop
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
 }
 
 // check returns the firewall type based on common lib checks. It returns UNKNOWN if no firewall is found.
@@ -250,12 +686,12 @@ func createWorkTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
 	}
 
 	for _, t := range tables {
-		if t.Name == tableName {
+		if t.Name == tableNameNetbird {
 			sConn.DelTable(t)
 		}
 	}
 
-	table := sConn.AddTable(&nftables.Table{Name: tableName, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4})
+	table := sConn.AddTable(&nftables.Table{Name: tableNameNetbird, Family: nftables.TableFamilyIPv4})
 	err = sConn.Flush()
 
 	return table, err
@@ -273,7 +709,7 @@ func deleteWorkTable() {
 	}
 
 	for _, t := range tables {
-		if t.Name == tableName {
+		if t.Name == tableNameNetbird {
 			sConn.DelTable(t)
 		}
 	}

client/firewall/nftables/state_linux.go

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package nftables
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+type InterfaceState struct {
+	NameStr       string          `json:"name"`
+	WGAddress     iface.WGAddress `json:"wg_address"`
+	UserspaceBind bool            `json:"userspace_bind"`
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) Name() string {
+	return i.NameStr
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) Address() device.WGAddress {
+	return i.WGAddress
+}
+
+func (i *InterfaceState) IsUserspaceBind() bool {
+	return i.UserspaceBind
+}
+
+type ShutdownState struct {
+	InterfaceState *InterfaceState `json:"interface_state,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func (s *ShutdownState) Name() string {
+	return "nftables_state"
+}
+
+func (s *ShutdownState) Cleanup() error {
+	nft, err := Create(s.InterfaceState)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("create nftables manager: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := nft.Reset(nil); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("reset nftables manager: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/test/cases_linux.go

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
-//go:build !android
-
 package test
 
-import firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+
+	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+)
 
 var (
 	InsertRuleTestCases = []struct {
@@ -13,8 +15,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Insert Forwarding IPV4 Rule",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      "100.100.100.1/32",
-				Destination: "100.100.200.0/24",
+				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
+				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
 				Masquerade:  false,
 			},
 		},
@@ -22,8 +24,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Insert Forwarding And Nat IPV4 Rules",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      "100.100.100.1/32",
-				Destination: "100.100.200.0/24",
+				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
+				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
 				Masquerade:  true,
 			},
 		},
@@ -38,8 +40,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Remove Forwarding And Nat IPV4 Rules",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      "100.100.100.1/32",
-				Destination: "100.100.200.0/24",
+				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
+				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
 				Masquerade:  true,
 			},
 		},

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird.go

@@ -2,16 +2,36 @@
 
 package uspfilter
 
+import (
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+)
+
 // Reset firewall to the default state
-func (m *Manager) Reset() error {
+func (m *Manager) Reset(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
 	m.outgoingRules = make(map[string]RuleSet)
 	m.incomingRules = make(map[string]RuleSet)
 
+	if m.udpTracker != nil {
+		m.udpTracker.Close()
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
+	}
+
+	if m.icmpTracker != nil {
+		m.icmpTracker.Close()
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
+	}
+
+	if m.tcpTracker != nil {
+		m.tcpTracker.Close()
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	}
+
 	if m.nativeFirewall != nil {
-		return m.nativeFirewall.Reset()
+		return m.nativeFirewall.Reset(stateManager)
 	}
 	return nil
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird_windows.go

@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import (
 	"syscall"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 type action string
@@ -17,13 +20,28 @@ const (
 )
 
 // Reset firewall to the default state
-func (m *Manager) Reset() error {
+func (m *Manager) Reset(*statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
 	m.outgoingRules = make(map[string]RuleSet)
 	m.incomingRules = make(map[string]RuleSet)
 
+	if m.udpTracker != nil {
+		m.udpTracker.Close()
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
+	}
+
+	if m.icmpTracker != nil {
+		m.icmpTracker.Close()
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
+	}
+
+	if m.tcpTracker != nil {
+		m.tcpTracker.Close()
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	}
+
 	if !isWindowsFirewallReachable() {
 		return nil
 	}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common.go

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+// common.go
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// BaseConnTrack provides common fields and locking for all connection types
+type BaseConnTrack struct {
+	SourceIP    net.IP
+	DestIP      net.IP
+	SourcePort  uint16
+	DestPort    uint16
+	lastSeen    atomic.Int64 // Unix nano for atomic access
+	established atomic.Bool
+}
+
+// these small methods will be inlined by the compiler
+
+// UpdateLastSeen safely updates the last seen timestamp
+func (b *BaseConnTrack) UpdateLastSeen() {
+	b.lastSeen.Store(time.Now().UnixNano())
+}
+
+// IsEstablished safely checks if connection is established
+func (b *BaseConnTrack) IsEstablished() bool {
+	return b.established.Load()
+}
+
+// SetEstablished safely sets the established state
+func (b *BaseConnTrack) SetEstablished(state bool) {
+	b.established.Store(state)
+}
+
+// GetLastSeen safely gets the last seen timestamp
+func (b *BaseConnTrack) GetLastSeen() time.Time {
+	return time.Unix(0, b.lastSeen.Load())
+}
+
+// timeoutExceeded checks if the connection has exceeded the given timeout
+func (b *BaseConnTrack) timeoutExceeded(timeout time.Duration) bool {
+	lastSeen := time.Unix(0, b.lastSeen.Load())
+	return time.Since(lastSeen) > timeout
+}
+
+// IPAddr is a fixed-size IP address to avoid allocations
+type IPAddr [16]byte
+
+// MakeIPAddr creates an IPAddr from net.IP
+func MakeIPAddr(ip net.IP) (addr IPAddr) {
+	// Optimization: check for v4 first as it's more common
+	if ip4 := ip.To4(); ip4 != nil {
+		copy(addr[12:], ip4)
+	} else {
+		copy(addr[:], ip.To16())
+	}
+	return addr
+}
+
+// ConnKey uniquely identifies a connection
+type ConnKey struct {
+	SrcIP   IPAddr
+	DstIP   IPAddr
+	SrcPort uint16
+	DstPort uint16
+}
+
+// makeConnKey creates a connection key
+func makeConnKey(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16) ConnKey {
+	return ConnKey{
+		SrcIP:   MakeIPAddr(srcIP),
+		DstIP:   MakeIPAddr(dstIP),
+		SrcPort: srcPort,
+		DstPort: dstPort,
+	}
+}
+
+// ValidateIPs checks if IPs match without allocation
+func ValidateIPs(connIP IPAddr, pktIP net.IP) bool {
+	if ip4 := pktIP.To4(); ip4 != nil {
+		// Compare IPv4 addresses (last 4 bytes)
+		for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+			if connIP[12+i] != ip4[i] {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	// Compare full IPv6 addresses
+	ip6 := pktIP.To16()
+	for i := 0; i < 16; i++ {
+		if connIP[i] != ip6[i] {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// PreallocatedIPs is a pool of IP byte slices to reduce allocations
+type PreallocatedIPs struct {
+	sync.Pool
+}
+
+// NewPreallocatedIPs creates a new IP pool
+func NewPreallocatedIPs() *PreallocatedIPs {
+	return &PreallocatedIPs{
+		Pool: sync.Pool{
+			New: func() interface{} {
+				ip := make(net.IP, 16)
+				return &ip
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// Get retrieves an IP from the pool
+func (p *PreallocatedIPs) Get() net.IP {
+	return *p.Pool.Get().(*net.IP)
+}
+
+// Put returns an IP to the pool
+func (p *PreallocatedIPs) Put(ip net.IP) {
+	p.Pool.Put(&ip)
+}
+
+// copyIP copies an IP address efficiently
+func copyIP(dst, src net.IP) {
+	if len(src) == 16 {
+		copy(dst, src)
+	} else {
+		// Handle IPv4
+		copy(dst[12:], src.To4())
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkIPOperations(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("MakeIPAddr", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = MakeIPAddr(ip)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("ValidateIPs", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip1 := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		ip2 := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		addr := MakeIPAddr(ip1)
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = ValidateIPs(addr, ip2)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IPPool", func(b *testing.B) {
+		pool := NewPreallocatedIPs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			ip := pool.Get()
+			pool.Put(ip)
+		}
+	})
+
+}
+func BenchmarkAtomicOperations(b *testing.B) {
+	conn := &BaseConnTrack{}
+	b.Run("UpdateLastSeen", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			conn.UpdateLastSeen()
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IsEstablished", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = conn.IsEstablished()
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("SetEstablished", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			conn.SetEstablished(i%2 == 0)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("GetLastSeen", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = conn.GetLastSeen()
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// Memory pressure tests
+func BenchmarkMemoryPressure(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TCPHighLoad", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		// Generate different IPs
+		srcIPs := make([]net.IP, 100)
+		dstIPs := make([]net.IP, 100)
+		for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+			srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, byte(i/256), byte(i%256))
+			dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i/256), byte(i%256))
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			srcIdx := i % len(srcIPs)
+			dstIdx := (i + 1) % len(dstIPs)
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIPs[srcIdx], dstIPs[dstIdx], uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn)
+
+			// Simulate some valid inbound packets
+			if i%3 == 0 {
+				tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIPs[dstIdx], srcIPs[srcIdx], 80, uint16(i%65535), TCPAck)
+			}
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("UDPHighLoad", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		// Generate different IPs
+		srcIPs := make([]net.IP, 100)
+		dstIPs := make([]net.IP, 100)
+		for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+			srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, byte(i/256), byte(i%256))
+			dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i/256), byte(i%256))
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			srcIdx := i % len(srcIPs)
+			dstIdx := (i + 1) % len(dstIPs)
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIPs[srcIdx], dstIPs[dstIdx], uint16(i%65535), 80)
+
+			// Simulate some valid inbound packets
+			if i%3 == 0 {
+				tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIPs[dstIdx], srcIPs[srcIdx], 80, uint16(i%65535))
+			}
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+)
+
+const (
+	// DefaultICMPTimeout is the default timeout for ICMP connections
+	DefaultICMPTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+	// ICMPCleanupInterval is how often we check for stale ICMP connections
+	ICMPCleanupInterval = 15 * time.Second
+)
+
+// ICMPConnKey uniquely identifies an ICMP connection
+type ICMPConnKey struct {
+	// Supports both IPv4 and IPv6
+	SrcIP    [16]byte
+	DstIP    [16]byte
+	Sequence uint16 // ICMP sequence number
+	ID       uint16 // ICMP identifier
+}
+
+// ICMPConnTrack represents an ICMP connection state
+type ICMPConnTrack struct {
+	BaseConnTrack
+	Sequence uint16
+	ID       uint16
+}
+
+// ICMPTracker manages ICMP connection states
+type ICMPTracker struct {
+	connections   map[ICMPConnKey]*ICMPConnTrack
+	timeout       time.Duration
+	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
+	mutex         sync.RWMutex
+	done          chan struct{}
+	ipPool        *PreallocatedIPs
+}
+
+// NewICMPTracker creates a new ICMP connection tracker
+func NewICMPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *ICMPTracker {
+	if timeout == 0 {
+		timeout = DefaultICMPTimeout
+	}
+
+	tracker := &ICMPTracker{
+		connections:   make(map[ICMPConnKey]*ICMPConnTrack),
+		timeout:       timeout,
+		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(ICMPCleanupInterval),
+		done:          make(chan struct{}),
+		ipPool:        NewPreallocatedIPs(),
+	}
+
+	go tracker.cleanupRoutine()
+	return tracker
+}
+
+// TrackOutbound records an outbound ICMP Echo Request
+func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq uint16) {
+	key := makeICMPKey(srcIP, dstIP, id, seq)
+	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
+
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	if !exists {
+		srcIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		dstIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		copyIP(srcIPCopy, srcIP)
+		copyIP(dstIPCopy, dstIP)
+
+		conn = &ICMPConnTrack{
+			BaseConnTrack: BaseConnTrack{
+				SourceIP: srcIPCopy,
+				DestIP:   dstIPCopy,
+			},
+			ID:       id,
+			Sequence: seq,
+		}
+		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+		conn.established.Store(true)
+		t.connections[key] = conn
+	}
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+}
+
+// IsValidInbound checks if an inbound ICMP Echo Reply matches a tracked request
+func (t *ICMPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq uint16, icmpType uint8) bool {
+	switch icmpType {
+	case uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeDestinationUnreachable),
+		uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeTimeExceeded):
+		return true
+	case uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoReply):
+		// continue processing
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+
+	key := makeICMPKey(dstIP, srcIP, id, seq)
+
+	t.mutex.RLock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	t.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return conn.IsEstablished() &&
+		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
+		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(dstIP), conn.SourceIP) &&
+		conn.ID == id &&
+		conn.Sequence == seq
+}
+
+func (t *ICMPTracker) cleanupRoutine() {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.cleanupTicker.C:
+			t.cleanup()
+		case <-t.done:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+func (t *ICMPTracker) cleanup() {
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	defer t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	for key, conn := range t.connections {
+		if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+			delete(t.connections, key)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Close stops the cleanup routine and releases resources
+func (t *ICMPTracker) Close() {
+	t.cleanupTicker.Stop()
+	close(t.done)
+
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	for _, conn := range t.connections {
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+	}
+	t.connections = nil
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+// makeICMPKey creates an ICMP connection key
+func makeICMPKey(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq uint16) ICMPConnKey {
+	return ICMPConnKey{
+		SrcIP:    MakeIPAddr(srcIP),
+		DstIP:    MakeIPAddr(dstIP),
+		ID:       id,
+		Sequence: seq,
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkICMPTracker(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), uint16(i%65535))
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		// Pre-populate some connections
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), uint16(i))
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, uint16(i%1000), uint16(i%1000), 0)
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+package conntrack
+
+// TODO: Send RST packets for invalid/timed-out connections
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// MSL (Maximum Segment Lifetime) is typically 2 minutes
+	MSL = 2 * time.Minute
+	// TimeWaitTimeout (TIME-WAIT) should last 2*MSL
+	TimeWaitTimeout = 2 * MSL
+)
+
+const (
+	TCPSyn  uint8 = 0x02
+	TCPAck  uint8 = 0x10
+	TCPFin  uint8 = 0x01
+	TCPRst  uint8 = 0x04
+	TCPPush uint8 = 0x08
+	TCPUrg  uint8 = 0x20
+)
+
+const (
+	// DefaultTCPTimeout is the default timeout for established TCP connections
+	DefaultTCPTimeout = 3 * time.Hour
+	// TCPHandshakeTimeout is timeout for TCP handshake completion
+	TCPHandshakeTimeout = 60 * time.Second
+	// TCPCleanupInterval is how often we check for stale connections
+	TCPCleanupInterval = 5 * time.Minute
+)
+
+// TCPState represents the state of a TCP connection
+type TCPState int
+
+const (
+	TCPStateNew TCPState = iota
+	TCPStateSynSent
+	TCPStateSynReceived
+	TCPStateEstablished
+	TCPStateFinWait1
+	TCPStateFinWait2
+	TCPStateClosing
+	TCPStateTimeWait
+	TCPStateCloseWait
+	TCPStateLastAck
+	TCPStateClosed
+)
+
+// TCPConnKey uniquely identifies a TCP connection
+type TCPConnKey struct {
+	SrcIP   [16]byte
+	DstIP   [16]byte
+	SrcPort uint16
+	DstPort uint16
+}
+
+// TCPConnTrack represents a TCP connection state
+type TCPConnTrack struct {
+	BaseConnTrack
+	State TCPState
+	sync.RWMutex
+}
+
+// TCPTracker manages TCP connection states
+type TCPTracker struct {
+	connections   map[ConnKey]*TCPConnTrack
+	mutex         sync.RWMutex
+	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
+	done          chan struct{}
+	timeout       time.Duration
+	ipPool        *PreallocatedIPs
+}
+
+// NewTCPTracker creates a new TCP connection tracker
+func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *TCPTracker {
+	tracker := &TCPTracker{
+		connections:   make(map[ConnKey]*TCPConnTrack),
+		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(TCPCleanupInterval),
+		done:          make(chan struct{}),
+		timeout:       timeout,
+		ipPool:        NewPreallocatedIPs(),
+	}
+
+	go tracker.cleanupRoutine()
+	return tracker
+}
+
+// TrackOutbound processes an outbound TCP packet and updates connection state
+func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8) {
+	// Create key before lock
+	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
+
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	if !exists {
+		// Use preallocated IPs
+		srcIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		dstIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		copyIP(srcIPCopy, srcIP)
+		copyIP(dstIPCopy, dstIP)
+
+		conn = &TCPConnTrack{
+			BaseConnTrack: BaseConnTrack{
+				SourceIP:   srcIPCopy,
+				DestIP:     dstIPCopy,
+				SourcePort: srcPort,
+				DestPort:   dstPort,
+			},
+			State: TCPStateNew,
+		}
+		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+		conn.established.Store(false)
+		t.connections[key] = conn
+	}
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	// Lock individual connection for state update
+	conn.Lock()
+	t.updateState(conn, flags, true)
+	conn.Unlock()
+	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+}
+
+// IsValidInbound checks if an inbound TCP packet matches a tracked connection
+func (t *TCPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8) bool {
+	if !isValidFlagCombination(flags) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	key := makeConnKey(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort)
+
+	t.mutex.RLock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	t.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Handle RST packets
+	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
+		conn.Lock()
+		if conn.IsEstablished() || conn.State == TCPStateSynSent || conn.State == TCPStateSynReceived {
+			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
+			conn.SetEstablished(false)
+			conn.Unlock()
+			return true
+		}
+		conn.Unlock()
+		return false
+	}
+
+	conn.Lock()
+	t.updateState(conn, flags, false)
+	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
+	isEstablished := conn.IsEstablished()
+	isValidState := t.isValidStateForFlags(conn.State, flags)
+	conn.Unlock()
+
+	return isEstablished || isValidState
+}
+
+// updateState updates the TCP connection state based on flags
+func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, isOutbound bool) {
+	// Handle RST flag specially - it always causes transition to closed
+	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
+		conn.State = TCPStateClosed
+		conn.SetEstablished(false)
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch conn.State {
+	case TCPStateNew:
+		if flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck == 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateSynSent
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateSynSent:
+		if flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0 {
+			if isOutbound {
+				conn.State = TCPStateSynReceived
+			} else {
+				// Simultaneous open
+				conn.State = TCPStateEstablished
+				conn.SetEstablished(true)
+			}
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateSynReceived:
+		if flags&TCPAck != 0 && flags&TCPSyn == 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateEstablished
+			conn.SetEstablished(true)
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateEstablished:
+		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
+			if isOutbound {
+				conn.State = TCPStateFinWait1
+			} else {
+				conn.State = TCPStateCloseWait
+			}
+			conn.SetEstablished(false)
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateFinWait1:
+		switch {
+		case flags&TCPFin != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0:
+			// Simultaneous close - both sides sent FIN
+			conn.State = TCPStateClosing
+		case flags&TCPFin != 0:
+			conn.State = TCPStateFinWait2
+		case flags&TCPAck != 0:
+			conn.State = TCPStateFinWait2
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateFinWait2:
+		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateTimeWait
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateClosing:
+		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateTimeWait
+			// Keep established = false from previous state
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateCloseWait:
+		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateLastAck
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateLastAck:
+		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
+			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
+		}
+
+	case TCPStateTimeWait:
+		// Stay in TIME-WAIT for 2MSL before transitioning to closed
+		// This is handled by the cleanup routine
+	}
+}
+
+// isValidStateForFlags checks if the TCP flags are valid for the current connection state
+func (t *TCPTracker) isValidStateForFlags(state TCPState, flags uint8) bool {
+	if !isValidFlagCombination(flags) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	switch state {
+	case TCPStateNew:
+		return flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck == 0
+	case TCPStateSynSent:
+		return flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateSynReceived:
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateEstablished:
+		if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
+			return true
+		}
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateFinWait1:
+		return flags&TCPFin != 0 || flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateFinWait2:
+		return flags&TCPFin != 0 || flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateClosing:
+		// In CLOSING state, we should accept the final ACK
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateTimeWait:
+		// In TIME_WAIT, we might see retransmissions
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateCloseWait:
+		return flags&TCPFin != 0 || flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateLastAck:
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	case TCPStateClosed:
+		// Accept retransmitted ACKs in closed state
+		// This is important because the final ACK might be lost
+		// and the peer will retransmit their FIN-ACK
+		return flags&TCPAck != 0
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (t *TCPTracker) cleanupRoutine() {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.cleanupTicker.C:
+			t.cleanup()
+		case <-t.done:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *TCPTracker) cleanup() {
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	defer t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	for key, conn := range t.connections {
+		var timeout time.Duration
+		switch {
+		case conn.State == TCPStateTimeWait:
+			timeout = TimeWaitTimeout
+		case conn.IsEstablished():
+			timeout = t.timeout
+		default:
+			timeout = TCPHandshakeTimeout
+		}
+
+		lastSeen := conn.GetLastSeen()
+		if time.Since(lastSeen) > timeout {
+			// Return IPs to pool
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+			delete(t.connections, key)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Close stops the cleanup routine and releases resources
+func (t *TCPTracker) Close() {
+	t.cleanupTicker.Stop()
+	close(t.done)
+
+	// Clean up all remaining IPs
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	for _, conn := range t.connections {
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+	}
+	t.connections = nil
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+func isValidFlagCombination(flags uint8) bool {
+	// Invalid: SYN+FIN
+	if flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPFin != 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Invalid: RST with SYN or FIN
+	if flags&TCPRst != 0 && (flags&TCPSyn != 0 || flags&TCPFin != 0) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestTCPStateMachine(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	t.Run("Security Tests", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tests := []struct {
+			name     string
+			flags    uint8
+			wantDrop bool
+			desc     string
+		}{
+			{
+				name:     "Block unsolicited SYN-ACK",
+				flags:    TCPSyn | TCPAck,
+				wantDrop: true,
+				desc:     "Should block SYN-ACK without prior SYN",
+			},
+			{
+				name:     "Block invalid SYN-FIN",
+				flags:    TCPSyn | TCPFin,
+				wantDrop: true,
+				desc:     "Should block invalid SYN-FIN combination",
+			},
+			{
+				name:     "Block unsolicited RST",
+				flags:    TCPRst,
+				wantDrop: true,
+				desc:     "Should block RST without connection",
+			},
+			{
+				name:     "Block unsolicited ACK",
+				flags:    TCPAck,
+				wantDrop: true,
+				desc:     "Should block ACK without connection",
+			},
+			{
+				name:     "Block data without connection",
+				flags:    TCPAck | TCPPush,
+				wantDrop: true,
+				desc:     "Should block data without established connection",
+			},
+		}
+
+		for _, tt := range tests {
+			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				isValid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, tt.flags)
+				require.Equal(t, !tt.wantDrop, isValid, tt.desc)
+			})
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Connection Flow Tests", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tests := []struct {
+			name string
+			test func(*testing.T)
+			desc string
+		}{
+			{
+				name: "Normal Handshake",
+				test: func(t *testing.T) {
+					t.Helper()
+
+					// Send initial SYN
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn)
+
+					// Receive SYN-ACK
+					valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "SYN-ACK should be allowed")
+
+					// Send ACK
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck)
+
+					// Test data transfer
+					valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPPush|TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "Data should be allowed after handshake")
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				name: "Normal Close",
+				test: func(t *testing.T) {
+					t.Helper()
+
+					// First establish connection
+					establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+					// Send FIN
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck)
+
+					// Receive ACK for FIN
+					valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "ACK for FIN should be allowed")
+
+					// Receive FIN from other side
+					valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPFin|TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "FIN should be allowed")
+
+					// Send final ACK
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck)
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				name: "RST During Connection",
+				test: func(t *testing.T) {
+					t.Helper()
+
+					// First establish connection
+					establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+					// Receive RST
+					valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst)
+					require.True(t, valid, "RST should be allowed for established connection")
+
+					// Connection is logically dead but we don't enforce blocking subsequent packets
+					// The connection will be cleaned up by timeout
+				},
+			},
+			{
+				name: "Simultaneous Close",
+				test: func(t *testing.T) {
+					t.Helper()
+
+					// First establish connection
+					establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+					// Both sides send FIN+ACK
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck)
+					valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPFin|TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "Simultaneous FIN should be allowed")
+
+					// Both sides send final ACK
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck)
+					valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck)
+					require.True(t, valid, "Final ACKs should be allowed")
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		for _, tt := range tests {
+			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Helper()
+
+				tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+				tt.test(t)
+			})
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func TestRSTHandling(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name       string
+		setupState func()
+		sendRST    func()
+		wantValid  bool
+		desc       string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "RST in established",
+			setupState: func() {
+				// Establish connection first
+				tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn)
+				tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck)
+				tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck)
+			},
+			sendRST: func() {
+				tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst)
+			},
+			wantValid: true,
+			desc:      "Should accept RST for established connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "RST without connection",
+			setupState: func() {},
+			sendRST: func() {
+				tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst)
+			},
+			wantValid: false,
+			desc:      "Should reject RST without connection",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tt.setupState()
+			tt.sendRST()
+
+			// Verify connection state is as expected
+			key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+			conn := tracker.connections[key]
+			if tt.wantValid {
+				require.NotNil(t, conn)
+				require.Equal(t, TCPStateClosed, conn.State)
+				require.False(t, conn.IsEstablished())
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// Helper to establish a TCP connection
+func establishConnection(t *testing.T, tracker *TCPTracker, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort, dstPort uint16) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn)
+
+	valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck)
+	require.True(t, valid, "SYN-ACK should be allowed")
+
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck)
+}
+
+func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		// Pre-populate some connections
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn)
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%1000), TCPAck)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("ConcurrentAccess", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			i := 0
+			for pb.Next() {
+				if i%2 == 0 {
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn)
+				} else {
+					tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%65535), TCPAck)
+				}
+				i++
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// Benchmark connection cleanup
+func BenchmarkCleanup(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TCPCleanup", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(100 * time.Millisecond) // Short timeout for testing
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		// Pre-populate with expired connections
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+		for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn)
+		}
+
+		// Wait for connections to expire
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.cleanup()
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/udp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const (
+	// DefaultUDPTimeout is the default timeout for UDP connections
+	DefaultUDPTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+	// UDPCleanupInterval is how often we check for stale connections
+	UDPCleanupInterval = 15 * time.Second
+)
+
+// UDPConnTrack represents a UDP connection state
+type UDPConnTrack struct {
+	BaseConnTrack
+}
+
+// UDPTracker manages UDP connection states
+type UDPTracker struct {
+	connections   map[ConnKey]*UDPConnTrack
+	timeout       time.Duration
+	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
+	mutex         sync.RWMutex
+	done          chan struct{}
+	ipPool        *PreallocatedIPs
+}
+
+// NewUDPTracker creates a new UDP connection tracker
+func NewUDPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *UDPTracker {
+	if timeout == 0 {
+		timeout = DefaultUDPTimeout
+	}
+
+	tracker := &UDPTracker{
+		connections:   make(map[ConnKey]*UDPConnTrack),
+		timeout:       timeout,
+		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(UDPCleanupInterval),
+		done:          make(chan struct{}),
+		ipPool:        NewPreallocatedIPs(),
+	}
+
+	go tracker.cleanupRoutine()
+	return tracker
+}
+
+// TrackOutbound records an outbound UDP connection
+func (t *UDPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16) {
+	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
+
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	if !exists {
+		srcIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		dstIPCopy := t.ipPool.Get()
+		copyIP(srcIPCopy, srcIP)
+		copyIP(dstIPCopy, dstIP)
+
+		conn = &UDPConnTrack{
+			BaseConnTrack: BaseConnTrack{
+				SourceIP:   srcIPCopy,
+				DestIP:     dstIPCopy,
+				SourcePort: srcPort,
+				DestPort:   dstPort,
+			},
+		}
+		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+		conn.established.Store(true)
+		t.connections[key] = conn
+	}
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+}
+
+// IsValidInbound checks if an inbound packet matches a tracked connection
+func (t *UDPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16) bool {
+	key := makeConnKey(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort)
+
+	t.mutex.RLock()
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	t.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return conn.IsEstablished() &&
+		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
+		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(dstIP), conn.SourceIP) &&
+		conn.DestPort == srcPort &&
+		conn.SourcePort == dstPort
+}
+
+// cleanupRoutine periodically removes stale connections
+func (t *UDPTracker) cleanupRoutine() {
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.cleanupTicker.C:
+			t.cleanup()
+		case <-t.done:
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *UDPTracker) cleanup() {
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	defer t.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	for key, conn := range t.connections {
+		if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+			delete(t.connections, key)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Close stops the cleanup routine and releases resources
+func (t *UDPTracker) Close() {
+	t.cleanupTicker.Stop()
+	close(t.done)
+
+	t.mutex.Lock()
+	for _, conn := range t.connections {
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
+		t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
+	}
+	t.connections = nil
+	t.mutex.Unlock()
+}
+
+// GetConnection safely retrieves a connection state
+func (t *UDPTracker) GetConnection(srcIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstIP net.IP, dstPort uint16) (*UDPConnTrack, bool) {
+	t.mutex.RLock()
+	defer t.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
+	if !exists {
+		return nil, false
+	}
+
+	return conn, true
+}
+
+// Timeout returns the configured timeout duration for the tracker
+func (t *UDPTracker) Timeout() time.Duration {
+	return t.timeout
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/udp_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestNewUDPTracker(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name        string
+		timeout     time.Duration
+		wantTimeout time.Duration
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "with custom timeout",
+			timeout:     1 * time.Minute,
+			wantTimeout: 1 * time.Minute,
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "with zero timeout uses default",
+			timeout:     0,
+			wantTimeout: DefaultUDPTimeout,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tracker := NewUDPTracker(tt.timeout)
+			assert.NotNil(t, tracker)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantTimeout, tracker.timeout)
+			assert.NotNil(t, tracker.connections)
+			assert.NotNil(t, tracker.cleanupTicker)
+			assert.NotNil(t, tracker.done)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUDPTracker_TrackOutbound(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+	dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.3")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(53)
+
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+	// Verify connection was tracked
+	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+	conn, exists := tracker.connections[key]
+	require.True(t, exists)
+	assert.True(t, conn.SourceIP.Equal(srcIP))
+	assert.True(t, conn.DestIP.Equal(dstIP))
+	assert.Equal(t, srcPort, conn.SourcePort)
+	assert.Equal(t, dstPort, conn.DestPort)
+	assert.True(t, conn.IsEstablished())
+	assert.WithinDuration(t, time.Now(), conn.GetLastSeen(), 1*time.Second)
+}
+
+func TestUDPTracker_IsValidInbound(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewUDPTracker(1 * time.Second)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+	dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.3")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(53)
+
+	// Track outbound connection
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name    string
+		srcIP   net.IP
+		dstIP   net.IP
+		srcPort uint16
+		dstPort uint16
+		sleep   time.Duration
+		want    bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:    "valid inbound response",
+			srcIP:   dstIP,   // Original destination is now source
+			dstIP:   srcIP,   // Original source is now destination
+			srcPort: dstPort, // Original destination port is now source
+			dstPort: srcPort, // Original source port is now destination
+			sleep:   0,
+			want:    true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid source IP",
+			srcIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.4"),
+			dstIP:   srcIP,
+			srcPort: dstPort,
+			dstPort: srcPort,
+			sleep:   0,
+			want:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid destination IP",
+			srcIP:   dstIP,
+			dstIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.4"),
+			srcPort: dstPort,
+			dstPort: srcPort,
+			sleep:   0,
+			want:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid source port",
+			srcIP:   dstIP,
+			dstIP:   srcIP,
+			srcPort: 54321,
+			dstPort: srcPort,
+			sleep:   0,
+			want:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "invalid destination port",
+			srcIP:   dstIP,
+			dstIP:   srcIP,
+			srcPort: dstPort,
+			dstPort: 54321,
+			sleep:   0,
+			want:    false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "expired connection",
+			srcIP:   dstIP,
+			dstIP:   srcIP,
+			srcPort: dstPort,
+			dstPort: srcPort,
+			sleep:   2 * time.Second, // Longer than tracker timeout
+			want:    false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if tt.sleep > 0 {
+				time.Sleep(tt.sleep)
+			}
+			got := tracker.IsValidInbound(tt.srcIP, tt.dstIP, tt.srcPort, tt.dstPort)
+			assert.Equal(t, tt.want, got)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestUDPTracker_Cleanup(t *testing.T) {
+	// Use shorter intervals for testing
+	timeout := 50 * time.Millisecond
+	cleanupInterval := 25 * time.Millisecond
+
+	// Create tracker with custom cleanup interval
+	tracker := &UDPTracker{
+		connections:   make(map[ConnKey]*UDPConnTrack),
+		timeout:       timeout,
+		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(cleanupInterval),
+		done:          make(chan struct{}),
+		ipPool:        NewPreallocatedIPs(),
+	}
+
+	// Start cleanup routine
+	go tracker.cleanupRoutine()
+
+	// Add some connections
+	connections := []struct {
+		srcIP   net.IP
+		dstIP   net.IP
+		srcPort uint16
+		dstPort uint16
+	}{
+		{
+			srcIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2"),
+			dstIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.3"),
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 53,
+		},
+		{
+			srcIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.4"),
+			dstIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.5"),
+			srcPort: 12346,
+			dstPort: 53,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, conn := range connections {
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(conn.srcIP, conn.dstIP, conn.srcPort, conn.dstPort)
+	}
+
+	// Verify initial connections
+	assert.Len(t, tracker.connections, 2)
+
+	// Wait for connection timeout and cleanup interval
+	time.Sleep(timeout + 2*cleanupInterval)
+
+	tracker.mutex.RLock()
+	connCount := len(tracker.connections)
+	tracker.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	// Verify connections were cleaned up
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, connCount, "Expected all connections to be cleaned up")
+
+	// Properly close the tracker
+	tracker.Close()
+}
+
+func BenchmarkUDPTracker(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+
+		// Pre-populate some connections
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80)
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%1000))
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/rule.go

@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"net"
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket"
-
-	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 )
 
 // Rule to handle management of rules
@@ -15,7 +13,6 @@ type Rule struct {
 	ipLayer    gopacket.LayerType
 	matchByIP  bool
 	protoLayer gopacket.LayerType
-	direction  firewall.RuleDirection
 	sPort      uint16
 	dPort      uint16
 	drop       bool

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter.go

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ package uspfilter
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket"
@@ -11,18 +14,23 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 const layerTypeAll = 0
 
+const EnvDisableConntrack = "NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"
+
 var (
 	errRouteNotSupported = fmt.Errorf("route not supported with userspace firewall")
 )
 
 // IFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
 type IFaceMapper interface {
-	SetFilter(iface.PacketFilter) error
+	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
 	Address() iface.WGAddress
 }
 
@@ -31,7 +39,9 @@ type RuleSet map[string]Rule
 
 // Manager userspace firewall manager
 type Manager struct {
-	outgoingRules  map[string]RuleSet
+	// outgoingRules is used for hooks only
+	outgoingRules map[string]RuleSet
+	// incomingRules is used for filtering and hooks
 	incomingRules  map[string]RuleSet
 	wgNetwork      *net.IPNet
 	decoders       sync.Pool
@@ -39,6 +49,11 @@ type Manager struct {
 	nativeFirewall firewall.Manager
 
 	mutex sync.RWMutex
+
+	stateful    bool
+	udpTracker  *conntrack.UDPTracker
+	icmpTracker *conntrack.ICMPTracker
+	tcpTracker  *conntrack.TCPTracker
 }
 
 // decoder for packages
@@ -70,6 +85,8 @@ func CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager
 }
 
 func create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
+	disableConntrack, _ := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(EnvDisableConntrack))
+
 	m := &Manager{
 		decoders: sync.Pool{
 			New: func() any {
@@ -87,6 +104,16 @@ func create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 		outgoingRules: make(map[string]RuleSet),
 		incomingRules: make(map[string]RuleSet),
 		wgIface:       iface,
+		stateful:      !disableConntrack,
+	}
+
+	// Only initialize trackers if stateful mode is enabled
+	if disableConntrack {
+		log.Info("conntrack is disabled")
+	} else {
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
 	}
 
 	if err := iface.SetFilter(m); err != nil {
@@ -95,6 +122,10 @@ func create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 	return m, nil
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) Init(*statemanager.Manager) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
 		return false
@@ -103,33 +134,32 @@ func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) InsertRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
 		return errRouteNotSupported
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.InsertRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.nativeFirewall.AddNatRule(pair)
 }
 
-// RemoveRoutingRules removes a routing firewall rule
-func (m *Manager) RemoveRoutingRules(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
+// RemoveNatRule removes a routing firewall rule
+func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
 		return errRouteNotSupported
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveRoutingRules(pair)
+	return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveNatRule(pair)
 }
 
-// AddFiltering rule to the firewall
+// AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
 //
 // If comment argument is empty firewall manager should set
 // rule ID as comment for the rule
-func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
+func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	ip net.IP,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
-	direction firewall.RuleDirection,
 	action firewall.Action,
-	ipsetName string,
+	_ string,
 	comment string,
 ) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
 	r := Rule{
@@ -137,7 +167,6 @@ func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
 		ip:        ip,
 		ipLayer:   layers.LayerTypeIPv6,
 		matchByIP: true,
-		direction: direction,
 		drop:      action == firewall.ActionDrop,
 		comment:   comment,
 	}
@@ -173,23 +202,30 @@ func (m *Manager) AddFiltering(
 	}
 
 	m.mutex.Lock()
-	if direction == firewall.RuleDirectionIN {
-		if _, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
-			m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(RuleSet)
-		}
-		m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id] = r
-	} else {
-		if _, ok := m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
-			m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(RuleSet)
-		}
-		m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id] = r
+	if _, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
+		m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(RuleSet)
 	}
+	m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id] = r
 	m.mutex.Unlock()
 	return []firewall.Rule{&r}, nil
 }
 
-// DeleteRule from the firewall by rule definition
-func (m *Manager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(sources []netip.Prefix, destination netip.Prefix, proto firewall.Protocol, sPort *firewall.Port, dPort *firewall.Port, action firewall.Action) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil, errRouteNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.AddRouteFiltering(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return errRouteNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
+}
+
+// DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
+func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
@@ -198,38 +234,37 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: invalid rule type: %T", rule)
 	}
 
-	if r.direction == firewall.RuleDirectionIN {
-		_, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id]
-		if !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: no rule with such id: %v", r.id)
-		}
-		delete(m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()], r.id)
-	} else {
-		_, ok := m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id]
-		if !ok {
-			return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: no rule with such id: %v", r.id)
-		}
-		delete(m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()], r.id)
+	if _, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: no rule with such id: %v", r.id)
 	}
+	delete(m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()], r.id)
 
 	return nil
 }
 
+// SetLegacyManagement doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
+func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy)
+}
+
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
 func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
 
 // DropOutgoing filter outgoing packets
 func (m *Manager) DropOutgoing(packetData []byte) bool {
-	return m.dropFilter(packetData, m.outgoingRules, false)
+	return m.processOutgoingHooks(packetData)
 }
 
 // DropIncoming filter incoming packets
 func (m *Manager) DropIncoming(packetData []byte) bool {
-	return m.dropFilter(packetData, m.incomingRules, true)
+	return m.dropFilter(packetData, m.incomingRules)
 }
 
-// dropFilter implements same logic for booth direction of the traffic
-func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet, isIncomingPacket bool) bool {
+// processOutgoingHooks processes UDP hooks for outgoing packets and tracks TCP/UDP/ICMP
+func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte) bool {
 	m.mutex.RLock()
 	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
@@ -237,61 +272,215 @@ func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet, isInco
 	defer m.decoders.Put(d)
 
 	if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
-		log.Tracef("couldn't decode layer, err: %s", err)
-		return true
+		return false
 	}
 
 	if len(d.decoded) < 2 {
-		log.Tracef("not enough levels in network packet")
+		return false
+	}
+
+	srcIP, dstIP := m.extractIPs(d)
+	if srcIP == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	// Always process UDP hooks
+	if d.decoded[1] == layers.LayerTypeUDP {
+		// Track UDP state only if enabled
+		if m.stateful {
+			m.trackUDPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
+		}
+		return m.checkUDPHooks(d, dstIP, packetData)
+	}
+
+	// Track other protocols only if stateful mode is enabled
+	if m.stateful {
+		switch d.decoded[1] {
+		case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+			m.trackTCPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
+		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+			m.trackICMPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) extractIPs(d *decoder) (srcIP, dstIP net.IP) {
+	switch d.decoded[0] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeIPv4:
+		return d.ip4.SrcIP, d.ip4.DstIP
+	case layers.LayerTypeIPv6:
+		return d.ip6.SrcIP, d.ip6.DstIP
+	default:
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) trackTCPOutbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) {
+	flags := getTCPFlags(&d.tcp)
+	m.tcpTracker.TrackOutbound(
+		srcIP,
+		dstIP,
+		uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort),
+		uint16(d.tcp.DstPort),
+		flags,
+	)
+}
+
+func getTCPFlags(tcp *layers.TCP) uint8 {
+	var flags uint8
+	if tcp.SYN {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPSyn
+	}
+	if tcp.ACK {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPAck
+	}
+	if tcp.FIN {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPFin
+	}
+	if tcp.RST {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPRst
+	}
+	if tcp.PSH {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPPush
+	}
+	if tcp.URG {
+		flags |= conntrack.TCPUrg
+	}
+	return flags
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) trackUDPOutbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) {
+	m.udpTracker.TrackOutbound(
+		srcIP,
+		dstIP,
+		uint16(d.udp.SrcPort),
+		uint16(d.udp.DstPort),
+	)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) checkUDPHooks(d *decoder, dstIP net.IP, packetData []byte) bool {
+	for _, ipKey := range []string{dstIP.String(), "0.0.0.0", "::"} {
+		if rules, exists := m.outgoingRules[ipKey]; exists {
+			for _, rule := range rules {
+				if rule.udpHook != nil && (rule.dPort == 0 || rule.dPort == uint16(d.udp.DstPort)) {
+					return rule.udpHook(packetData)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) trackICMPOutbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) {
+	if d.icmp4.TypeCode.Type() == layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoRequest {
+		m.icmpTracker.TrackOutbound(
+			srcIP,
+			dstIP,
+			d.icmp4.Id,
+			d.icmp4.Seq,
+		)
+	}
+}
+
+// dropFilter implements filtering logic for incoming packets
+func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet) bool {
+	// TODO: Disable router if --disable-server-router is set
+
+	m.mutex.RLock()
+	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	d := m.decoders.Get().(*decoder)
+	defer m.decoders.Put(d)
+
+	if !m.isValidPacket(d, packetData) {
 		return true
 	}
 
-	ipLayer := d.decoded[0]
-
-	switch ipLayer {
-	case layers.LayerTypeIPv4:
-		if !m.wgNetwork.Contains(d.ip4.SrcIP) || !m.wgNetwork.Contains(d.ip4.DstIP) {
-			return false
-		}
-	case layers.LayerTypeIPv6:
-		if !m.wgNetwork.Contains(d.ip6.SrcIP) || !m.wgNetwork.Contains(d.ip6.DstIP) {
-			return false
-		}
-	default:
+	srcIP, dstIP := m.extractIPs(d)
+	if srcIP == nil {
 		log.Errorf("unknown layer: %v", d.decoded[0])
 		return true
 	}
 
-	var ip net.IP
-	switch ipLayer {
-	case layers.LayerTypeIPv4:
-		if isIncomingPacket {
-			ip = d.ip4.SrcIP
-		} else {
-			ip = d.ip4.DstIP
-		}
-	case layers.LayerTypeIPv6:
-		if isIncomingPacket {
-			ip = d.ip6.SrcIP
-		} else {
-			ip = d.ip6.DstIP
-		}
+	if !m.isWireguardTraffic(srcIP, dstIP) {
+		return false
 	}
 
-	filter, ok := validateRule(ip, packetData, rules[ip.String()], d)
-	if ok {
-		return filter
+	// Check connection state only if enabled
+	if m.stateful && m.isValidTrackedConnection(d, srcIP, dstIP) {
+		return false
 	}
-	filter, ok = validateRule(ip, packetData, rules["0.0.0.0"], d)
-	if ok {
-		return filter
+
+	return m.applyRules(srcIP, packetData, rules, d)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) isValidPacket(d *decoder, packetData []byte) bool {
+	if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
+		log.Tracef("couldn't decode layer, err: %s", err)
+		return false
 	}
-	filter, ok = validateRule(ip, packetData, rules["::"], d)
-	if ok {
+
+	if len(d.decoded) < 2 {
+		log.Tracef("not enough levels in network packet")
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) isWireguardTraffic(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
+	return m.wgNetwork.Contains(srcIP) && m.wgNetwork.Contains(dstIP)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) isValidTrackedConnection(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
+	switch d.decoded[1] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+		return m.tcpTracker.IsValidInbound(
+			srcIP,
+			dstIP,
+			uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort),
+			uint16(d.tcp.DstPort),
+			getTCPFlags(&d.tcp),
+		)
+
+	case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+		return m.udpTracker.IsValidInbound(
+			srcIP,
+			dstIP,
+			uint16(d.udp.SrcPort),
+			uint16(d.udp.DstPort),
+		)
+
+	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+		return m.icmpTracker.IsValidInbound(
+			srcIP,
+			dstIP,
+			d.icmp4.Id,
+			d.icmp4.Seq,
+			d.icmp4.TypeCode.Type(),
+		)
+
+		// TODO: ICMPv6
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) applyRules(srcIP net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet, d *decoder) bool {
+	if filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, rules[srcIP.String()], d); ok {
 		return filter
 	}
 
-	// default policy is DROP ALL
+	if filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, rules["0.0.0.0"], d); ok {
+		return filter
+	}
+
+	if filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, rules["::"], d); ok {
+		return filter
+	}
+
+	// Default policy: DROP ALL
 	return true
 }
 
@@ -337,7 +526,6 @@ func validateRule(ip net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]Rule, d *decode
 			if rule.dPort != 0 && rule.dPort == uint16(d.udp.DstPort) {
 				return rule.drop, true
 			}
-			return rule.drop, true
 		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4, layers.LayerTypeICMPv6:
 			return rule.drop, true
 		}
@@ -362,7 +550,6 @@ func (m *Manager) AddUDPPacketHook(
 		protoLayer: layers.LayerTypeUDP,
 		dPort:      dPort,
 		ipLayer:    layers.LayerTypeIPv6,
-		direction:  firewall.RuleDirectionOUT,
 		comment:    fmt.Sprintf("UDP Hook direction: %v, ip:%v, dport:%d", in, ip, dPort),
 		udpHook:    hook,
 	}
@@ -373,7 +560,6 @@ func (m *Manager) AddUDPPacketHook(
 
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	if in {
-		r.direction = firewall.RuleDirectionIN
 		if _, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
 			m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(map[string]Rule)
 		}
@@ -392,19 +578,22 @@ func (m *Manager) AddUDPPacketHook(
 
 // RemovePacketHook removes packet hook by given ID
 func (m *Manager) RemovePacketHook(hookID string) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
 	for _, arr := range m.incomingRules {
 		for _, r := range arr {
 			if r.id == hookID {
-				rule := r
-				return m.DeleteRule(&rule)
+				delete(arr, r.id)
+				return nil
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	for _, arr := range m.outgoingRules {
 		for _, r := range arr {
 			if r.id == hookID {
-				rule := r
-				return m.DeleteRule(&rule)
+				delete(arr, r.id)
+				return nil
 			}
 		}
 	}

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter_bench_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,998 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket"
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+// generateRandomIPs generates n different random IPs in the 100.64.0.0/10 range
+func generateRandomIPs(n int) []net.IP {
+	ips := make([]net.IP, n)
+	seen := make(map[string]bool)
+
+	for i := 0; i < n; {
+		ip := make(net.IP, 4)
+		ip[0] = 100
+		ip[1] = byte(64 + rand.Intn(63)) // 64-126
+		ip[2] = byte(rand.Intn(256))
+		ip[3] = byte(1 + rand.Intn(254)) // avoid .0 and .255
+
+		key := ip.String()
+		if !seen[key] {
+			ips[i] = ip
+			seen[key] = true
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+	return ips
+}
+
+func generatePacket(b *testing.B, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort, dstPort uint16, protocol layers.IPProtocol) []byte {
+	b.Helper()
+
+	ipv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    srcIP,
+		DstIP:    dstIP,
+		Protocol: protocol,
+	}
+
+	var transportLayer gopacket.SerializableLayer
+	switch protocol {
+	case layers.IPProtocolTCP:
+		tcp := &layers.TCP{
+			SrcPort: layers.TCPPort(srcPort),
+			DstPort: layers.TCPPort(dstPort),
+			SYN:     true,
+		}
+		require.NoError(b, tcp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4))
+		transportLayer = tcp
+	case layers.IPProtocolUDP:
+		udp := &layers.UDP{
+			SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(srcPort),
+			DstPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort),
+		}
+		require.NoError(b, udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4))
+		transportLayer = udp
+	}
+
+	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{ComputeChecksums: true, FixLengths: true}
+	err := gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4, transportLayer, gopacket.Payload("test"))
+	require.NoError(b, err)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// BenchmarkCoreFiltering focuses on the essential performance comparisons between
+// stateful and stateless filtering approaches
+func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name      string
+		stateful  bool
+		setupFunc func(*Manager)
+		desc      string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:     "stateless_single_allow_all",
+			stateful: false,
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				// Single rule allowing all traffic
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolALL, nil, nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept, "", "allow all")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			},
+			desc: "Baseline: Single 'allow all' rule without connection tracking",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "stateful_no_rules",
+			stateful: true,
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				// No explicit rules - rely purely on connection tracking
+			},
+			desc: "Pure connection tracking without any rules",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "stateless_explicit_return",
+			stateful: false,
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				// Add explicit rules matching return traffic pattern
+				for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ { // Simulate realistic ruleset size
+					ip := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+					_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(ip, fw.ProtocolTCP,
+						&fw.Port{Values: []int{1024 + i}},
+						&fw.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+						fw.ActionAccept, "", "explicit return")
+					require.NoError(b, err)
+				}
+			},
+			desc: "Explicit rules matching return traffic patterns without state",
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "stateful_with_established",
+			stateful: true,
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				// Add some basic rules but rely on state for established connections
+				_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, nil,
+					fw.ActionDrop, "", "default drop")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			},
+			desc: "Connection tracking with established connections",
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Test both TCP and UDP
+	protocols := []struct {
+		name  string
+		proto layers.IPProtocol
+	}{
+		{"TCP", layers.IPProtocolTCP},
+		{"UDP", layers.IPProtocolUDP},
+	}
+
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		for _, proto := range protocols {
+			b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", sc.name, proto.name), func(b *testing.B) {
+				// Configure stateful/stateless mode
+				if !sc.stateful {
+					require.NoError(b, os.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1"))
+				} else {
+					require.NoError(b, os.Setenv("NB_CONNTRACK_TIMEOUT", "1m"))
+				}
+
+				// Create manager and basic setup
+				manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+				})
+				defer b.Cleanup(func() {
+					require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+				})
+
+				manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+				}
+
+				// Apply scenario-specific setup
+				sc.setupFunc(manager)
+
+				// Generate test packets
+				srcIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				dstIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				srcPort := uint16(1024 + b.N%60000)
+				dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+				outbound := generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, proto.proto)
+				inbound := generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, proto.proto)
+
+				// For stateful scenarios, establish the connection
+				if sc.stateful {
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound)
+				}
+
+				// Measure inbound packet processing
+				b.ResetTimer()
+				for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+					manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+				}
+			})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkStateScaling measures how performance scales with connection table size
+func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
+	connCounts := []int{100, 1000, 10000, 100000}
+
+	for _, count := range connCounts {
+		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("conns_%d", count), func(b *testing.B) {
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			}
+
+			// Pre-populate connection table
+			srcIPs := generateRandomIPs(count)
+			dstIPs := generateRandomIPs(count)
+			for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+				outbound := generatePacket(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound)
+			}
+
+			// Test packet
+			testOut := generatePacket(b, srcIPs[0], dstIPs[0], 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+			testIn := generatePacket(b, dstIPs[0], srcIPs[0], 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+
+			// First establish our test connection
+			manager.processOutgoingHooks(testOut)
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				manager.dropFilter(testIn, manager.incomingRules)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead measures the overhead of connection establishment
+func BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead(b *testing.B) {
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name        string
+		established bool
+	}{
+		{"established", true},
+		{"new", false},
+	}
+
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			}
+
+			srcIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+			dstIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+			outbound := generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+			inbound := generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+
+			if sc.established {
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound)
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn compares approaches for handling routed network return traffic
+func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name       string
+		proto      layers.IPProtocol
+		state      string // "new", "established", "post_handshake" (TCP only)
+		setupFunc  func(*Manager)
+		genPackets func(net.IP, net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) // generates appropriate packets for the scenario
+		desc       string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:  "allow_non_wg_tcp_new",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			state: "new",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+				}
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+			},
+			desc: "Allow non-WG: TCP new connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "allow_non_wg_tcp_established",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			state: "established",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+				}
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				// Generate packets with ACK flag for established connection
+				return generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
+			},
+			desc: "Allow non-WG: TCP established connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "allow_non_wg_udp_new",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			state: "new",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+				}
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolUDP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolUDP)
+			},
+			desc: "Allow non-WG: UDP new connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "allow_non_wg_udp_established",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			state: "established",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+				}
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolUDP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolUDP)
+			},
+			desc: "Allow non-WG: UDP established connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "stateful_tcp_new",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			state: "new",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
+				}
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+			},
+			desc: "Stateful: TCP new connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "stateful_tcp_established",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			state: "established",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
+				}
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				// Generate established TCP packets (ACK flag)
+				return generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
+			},
+			desc: "Stateful: TCP established connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "stateful_tcp_post_handshake",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			state: "post_handshake",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
+				}
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				// Generate packets with PSH+ACK flags for data transfer
+				return generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck))
+			},
+			desc: "Stateful: TCP post-handshake data transfer",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "stateful_udp_new",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			state: "new",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
+				}
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolUDP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolUDP)
+			},
+			desc: "Stateful: UDP new connection",
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "stateful_udp_established",
+			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			state: "established",
+			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
+				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
+				}
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			},
+			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
+				return generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolUDP),
+					generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolUDP)
+			},
+			desc: "Stateful: UDP established connection",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			// Setup scenario
+			sc.setupFunc(manager)
+
+			// Use IPs outside WG range for routed network simulation
+			srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
+			dstIP := net.ParseIP("8.8.8.8")
+			outbound, inbound := sc.genPackets(srcIP, dstIP)
+
+			// For stateful cases and established connections
+			if !strings.Contains(sc.name, "allow_non_wg") ||
+				(strings.Contains(sc.state, "established") || sc.state == "post_handshake") {
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound)
+
+				// For TCP post-handshake, simulate full handshake
+				if sc.state == "post_handshake" {
+					// SYN
+					syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn)
+					// SYN-ACK
+					synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
+					manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+					// ACK
+					ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack)
+				}
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+var scenarios = []struct {
+	name      string
+	stateful  bool // Whether conntrack is enabled
+	rules     bool // Whether to add return traffic rules
+	routed    bool // Whether to test routed network traffic
+	connCount int  // Number of concurrent connections
+	desc      string
+}{
+	{
+		name:      "stateless_with_rules_100conns",
+		stateful:  false,
+		rules:     true,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 100,
+		desc:      "Pure stateless with return traffic rules, 100 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "stateless_with_rules_1000conns",
+		stateful:  false,
+		rules:     true,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 1000,
+		desc:      "Pure stateless with return traffic rules, 1000 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "stateful_no_rules_100conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     false,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 100,
+		desc:      "Pure stateful tracking without rules, 100 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "stateful_no_rules_1000conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     false,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 1000,
+		desc:      "Pure stateful tracking without rules, 1000 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "stateful_with_rules_100conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     true,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 100,
+		desc:      "Combined stateful + rules (current implementation), 100 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "stateful_with_rules_1000conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     true,
+		routed:    false,
+		connCount: 1000,
+		desc:      "Combined stateful + rules (current implementation), 1000 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "routed_network_100conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     false,
+		routed:    true,
+		connCount: 100,
+		desc:      "Routed network traffic (non-WG), 100 conns",
+	},
+	{
+		name:      "routed_network_1000conns",
+		stateful:  true,
+		rules:     false,
+		routed:    true,
+		connCount: 1000,
+		desc:      "Routed network traffic (non-WG), 1000 conns",
+	},
+}
+
+// BenchmarkLongLivedConnections tests performance with realistic TCP traffic patterns
+func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			// Configure stateful/stateless mode
+			if !sc.stateful {
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			}
+
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			})
+
+			// Setup initial state based on scenario
+			if sc.rules {
+				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP,
+					&fw.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept, "", "return traffic")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Generate IPs for connections
+			srcIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+			dstIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				if sc.routed {
+					srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+					dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(8, 8, byte((i/250)%255), byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+				} else {
+					srcIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+					dstIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Create established connections
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				// Initial SYN
+				syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn)
+
+				// SYN-ACK
+				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
+				manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+
+				// ACK
+				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack)
+			}
+
+			// Prepare test packets simulating bidirectional traffic
+			inPackets := make([][]byte, sc.connCount)
+			outPackets := make([][]byte, sc.connCount)
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				// Server -> Client (inbound)
+				inPackets[i] = generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck))
+				// Client -> Server (outbound)
+				outPackets[i] = generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck))
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				connIdx := i % sc.connCount
+
+				// Simulate bidirectional traffic
+				// First outbound data
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx])
+				// Then inbound response - this is what we're actually measuring
+				manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], manager.incomingRules)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkShortLivedConnections tests performance with many short-lived connections
+func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			// Configure stateful/stateless mode
+			if !sc.stateful {
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			}
+
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			})
+
+			// Setup initial state based on scenario
+			if sc.rules {
+				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP,
+					&fw.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept, "", "return traffic")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Generate IPs for connections
+			srcIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+			dstIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				if sc.routed {
+					srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+					dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(8, 8, byte((i/250)%255), byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+				} else {
+					srcIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+					dstIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Create packet patterns for a complete HTTP-like short connection:
+			// 1. Initial handshake (SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK)
+			// 2. HTTP Request (PSH+ACK from client)
+			// 3. HTTP Response (PSH+ACK from server)
+			// 4. Connection teardown (FIN+ACK, ACK, FIN+ACK, ACK)
+			type connPackets struct {
+				syn       []byte
+				synAck    []byte
+				ack       []byte
+				request   []byte
+				response  []byte
+				finClient []byte
+				ackServer []byte
+				finServer []byte
+				ackClient []byte
+			}
+
+			// Generate all possible connection patterns
+			patterns := make([]connPackets, sc.connCount)
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				patterns[i] = connPackets{
+					// Handshake
+					syn: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn)),
+					synAck: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ack: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+
+					// Data transfer
+					request: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					response: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+
+					// Connection teardown
+					finClient: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPFin|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ackServer: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					finServer: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPFin|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ackClient: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+				}
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				// Each iteration creates a new short-lived connection
+				connIdx := i % sc.connCount
+				p := patterns[connIdx]
+
+				// Connection establishment
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack)
+
+				// Data transfer
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.response, manager.incomingRules)
+
+				// Connection teardown
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections tests performance with realistic TCP traffic patterns in parallel
+func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			// Configure stateful/stateless mode
+			if !sc.stateful {
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			}
+
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			})
+
+			// Setup initial state based on scenario
+			if sc.rules {
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP,
+					&fw.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept, "", "return traffic")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Generate IPs for connections
+			srcIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+			dstIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				if sc.routed {
+					srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+					dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(8, 8, byte((i/250)%255), byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+				} else {
+					srcIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+					dstIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Create established connections
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn)
+
+				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
+				manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+
+				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
+				manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack)
+			}
+
+			// Pre-generate test packets
+			inPackets := make([][]byte, sc.connCount)
+			outPackets := make([][]byte, sc.connCount)
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				inPackets[i] = generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck))
+				outPackets[i] = generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck))
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+				// Each goroutine gets its own counter to distribute load
+				counter := 0
+				for pb.Next() {
+					connIdx := counter % sc.connCount
+					counter++
+
+					// Simulate bidirectional traffic
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx])
+					manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], manager.incomingRules)
+				}
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections tests performance with many short-lived connections in parallel
+func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			// Configure stateful/stateless mode
+			if !sc.stateful {
+				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
+			} else {
+				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
+			}
+
+			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
+			})
+
+			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
+				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
+			})
+
+			if sc.rules {
+				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP,
+					&fw.Port{Values: []int{80}},
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept, "", "return traffic")
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Generate IPs and pre-generate all packet patterns
+			srcIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+			dstIPs := make([]net.IP, sc.connCount)
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				if sc.routed {
+					srcIPs[i] = net.IPv4(192, 168, 1, byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+					dstIPs[i] = net.IPv4(8, 8, byte((i/250)%255), byte(2+(i%250))).To4()
+				} else {
+					srcIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+					dstIPs[i] = generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
+				}
+			}
+
+			type connPackets struct {
+				syn       []byte
+				synAck    []byte
+				ack       []byte
+				request   []byte
+				response  []byte
+				finClient []byte
+				ackServer []byte
+				finServer []byte
+				ackClient []byte
+			}
+
+			patterns := make([]connPackets, sc.connCount)
+			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
+				patterns[i] = connPackets{
+					syn: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn)),
+					synAck: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ack: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					request: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					response: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPPush|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					finClient: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPFin|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ackServer: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					finServer: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
+						80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPFin|conntrack.TCPAck)),
+					ackClient: generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
+						uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)),
+				}
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+				counter := 0
+				for pb.Next() {
+					connIdx := counter % sc.connCount
+					counter++
+					p := patterns[connIdx]
+
+					// Full connection lifecycle
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack)
+
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.response, manager.incomingRules)
+
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient)
+				}
+			})
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// generateTCPPacketWithFlags creates a TCP packet with specific flags
+func generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b *testing.B, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort, dstPort, flags uint16) []byte {
+	b.Helper()
+
+	ipv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    srcIP,
+		DstIP:    dstIP,
+		Protocol: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+	}
+
+	tcp := &layers.TCP{
+		SrcPort: layers.TCPPort(srcPort),
+		DstPort: layers.TCPPort(dstPort),
+	}
+
+	// Set TCP flags
+	tcp.SYN = (flags & uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn)) != 0
+	tcp.ACK = (flags & uint16(conntrack.TCPAck)) != 0
+	tcp.PSH = (flags & uint16(conntrack.TCPPush)) != 0
+	tcp.RST = (flags & uint16(conntrack.TCPRst)) != 0
+	tcp.FIN = (flags & uint16(conntrack.TCPFin)) != 0
+
+	require.NoError(b, tcp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4))
+
+	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{ComputeChecksums: true, FixLengths: true}
+	require.NoError(b, gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4, tcp, gopacket.Payload("test")))
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package uspfilter
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"sync"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -11,15 +12,17 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
 
 type IFaceMock struct {
-	SetFilterFunc func(iface.PacketFilter) error
+	SetFilterFunc func(device.PacketFilter) error
 	AddressFunc   func() iface.WGAddress
 }
 
-func (i *IFaceMock) SetFilter(iface iface.PacketFilter) error {
+func (i *IFaceMock) SetFilter(iface device.PacketFilter) error {
 	if i.SetFilterFunc == nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("not implemented")
 	}
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ func (i *IFaceMock) Address() iface.WGAddress {
 
 func TestManagerCreate(t *testing.T) {
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
 	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
@@ -49,10 +52,10 @@ func TestManagerCreate(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
-func TestManagerAddFiltering(t *testing.T) {
+func TestManagerAddPeerFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 	isSetFilterCalled := false
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error {
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error {
 			isSetFilterCalled = true
 			return nil
 		},
@@ -67,11 +70,10 @@ func TestManagerAddFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{80}}
-	direction := fw.RuleDirectionOUT
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
 	comment := "Test rule"
 
-	rule, err := m.AddFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, direction, action, "", comment)
+	rule, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, action, "", comment)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ func TestManagerAddFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestManagerDeleteRule(t *testing.T) {
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
 	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
@@ -102,37 +104,15 @@ func TestManagerDeleteRule(t *testing.T) {
 	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{80}}
-	direction := fw.RuleDirectionOUT
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
-	comment := "Test rule"
+	comment := "Test rule 2"
 
-	rule, err := m.AddFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, direction, action, "", comment)
+	rule2, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, action, "", comment)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	ip = net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
-	proto = fw.ProtocolTCP
-	port = &fw.Port{Values: []int{80}}
-	direction = fw.RuleDirectionIN
-	action = fw.ActionDrop
-	comment = "Test rule 2"
-
-	rule2, err := m.AddFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, direction, action, "", comment)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
-		return
-	}
-
-	for _, r := range rule {
-		err = m.DeleteRule(r)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
-			return
-		}
-	}
-
 	for _, r := range rule2 {
 		if _, ok := m.incomingRules[ip.String()][r.GetRuleID()]; !ok {
 			t.Errorf("rule2 is not in the incomingRules")
@@ -140,7 +120,7 @@ func TestManagerDeleteRule(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	for _, r := range rule2 {
-		err = m.DeleteRule(r)
+		err = m.DeletePeerRule(r)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("failed to delete rule: %v", err)
 			return
@@ -184,10 +164,10 @@ func TestAddUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			manager := &Manager{
-				incomingRules: map[string]RuleSet{},
-				outgoingRules: map[string]RuleSet{},
-			}
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			})
+			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			manager.AddUDPPacketHook(tt.in, tt.ip, tt.dPort, tt.hook)
 
@@ -222,10 +202,6 @@ func TestAddUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Errorf("expected protoLayer %s, got %s", layers.LayerTypeUDP, addedRule.protoLayer)
 				return
 			}
-			if tt.expDir != addedRule.direction {
-				t.Errorf("expected direction %d, got %d", tt.expDir, addedRule.direction)
-				return
-			}
 			if addedRule.udpHook == nil {
 				t.Errorf("expected udpHook to be set")
 				return
@@ -236,7 +212,7 @@ func TestAddUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
 	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
@@ -248,17 +224,16 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 	ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolTCP
 	port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{80}}
-	direction := fw.RuleDirectionOUT
 	action := fw.ActionDrop
 	comment := "Test rule"
 
-	_, err = m.AddFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, direction, action, "", comment)
+	_, err = m.AddPeerFiltering(ip, proto, nil, port, action, "", comment)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
 
-	err = m.Reset()
+	err = m.Reset(nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to reset Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -271,7 +246,7 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
 	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
@@ -286,11 +261,10 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 
 	ip := net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolUDP
-	direction := fw.RuleDirectionOUT
 	action := fw.ActionAccept
 	comment := "Test rule"
 
-	_, err = m.AddFiltering(ip, proto, nil, nil, direction, action, "", comment)
+	_, err = m.AddPeerFiltering(ip, proto, nil, nil, action, "", comment)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to add filtering: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -312,7 +286,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("failed to set network layer for checksum: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	payload := gopacket.Payload([]byte("test"))
+	payload := gopacket.Payload("test")
 
 	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
 	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{
@@ -324,12 +298,12 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if m.dropFilter(buf.Bytes(), m.outgoingRules, false) {
+	if m.dropFilter(buf.Bytes(), m.incomingRules) {
 		t.Errorf("expected packet to be accepted")
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err = m.Reset(); err != nil {
+	if err = m.Reset(nil); err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to reset Manager: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -339,7 +313,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 	// creating mock iface
 	iface := &IFaceMock{
-		SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
 	// creating manager instance
@@ -347,6 +321,9 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create Manager: %s", err)
 	}
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
+	}()
 
 	// Add a UDP packet hook
 	hookFunc := func(data []byte) bool { return true }
@@ -383,19 +360,101 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
+		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
+	}
+	manager.udpTracker.Close()
+	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
+	}()
+
+	manager.decoders = sync.Pool{
+		New: func() any {
+			d := &decoder{
+				decoded: []gopacket.LayerType{},
+			}
+			d.parser = gopacket.NewDecodingLayerParser(
+				layers.LayerTypeIPv4,
+				&d.eth, &d.ip4, &d.ip6, &d.icmp4, &d.icmp6, &d.tcp, &d.udp,
+			)
+			d.parser.IgnoreUnsupported = true
+			return d
+		},
+	}
+
+	hookCalled := false
+	hookID := manager.AddUDPPacketHook(
+		false,
+		net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100"),
+		53,
+		func([]byte) bool {
+			hookCalled = true
+			return true
+		},
+	)
+	require.NotEmpty(t, hookID)
+
+	// Create test UDP packet
+	ipv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    net.ParseIP("100.10.0.1"),
+		DstIP:    net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100"),
+		Protocol: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+	}
+	udp := &layers.UDP{
+		SrcPort: 51334,
+		DstPort: 53,
+	}
+
+	err = udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	payload := gopacket.Payload("test")
+
+	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{
+		ComputeChecksums: true,
+		FixLengths:       true,
+	}
+	err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4, udp, payload)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Test hook gets called
+	result := manager.processOutgoingHooks(buf.Bytes())
+	require.True(t, result)
+	require.True(t, hookCalled)
+
+	// Test non-UDP packet is ignored
+	ipv4.Protocol = layers.IPProtocolTCP
+	buf = gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	result = manager.processOutgoingHooks(buf.Bytes())
+	require.False(t, result)
+}
+
 func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, testMax := range []int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000} {
 		t.Run(fmt.Sprintf("Testing %d rules", testMax), func(t *testing.T) {
 			// just check on the local interface
 			ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
-				SetFilterFunc: func(iface.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 			}
 			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
 			defer func() {
-				if err := manager.Reset(); err != nil {
+				if err := manager.Reset(nil); err != nil {
 					t.Errorf("clear the manager state: %v", err)
 				}
 				time.Sleep(time.Second)
@@ -405,11 +464,7 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []int{1000 + i}}
-				if i%2 == 0 {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionOUT, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				} else {
-					_, err = manager.AddFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.RuleDirectionIN, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
-				}
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "", "accept HTTP traffic")
 
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			}
@@ -417,3 +472,213 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
+		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
+		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
+	}
+
+	manager.udpTracker.Close() // Close the existing tracker
+	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(200 * time.Millisecond)
+	manager.decoders = sync.Pool{
+		New: func() any {
+			d := &decoder{
+				decoded: []gopacket.LayerType{},
+			}
+			d.parser = gopacket.NewDecodingLayerParser(
+				layers.LayerTypeIPv4,
+				&d.eth, &d.ip4, &d.ip6, &d.icmp4, &d.icmp6, &d.tcp, &d.udp,
+			)
+			d.parser.IgnoreUnsupported = true
+			return d
+		},
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
+	}()
+
+	// Set up packet parameters
+	srcIP := net.ParseIP("100.10.0.1")
+	dstIP := net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100")
+	srcPort := uint16(51334)
+	dstPort := uint16(53)
+
+	// Create outbound packet
+	outboundIPv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    srcIP,
+		DstIP:    dstIP,
+		Protocol: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+	}
+	outboundUDP := &layers.UDP{
+		SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(srcPort),
+		DstPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort),
+	}
+
+	err = outboundUDP.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(outboundIPv4)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	outboundBuf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{
+		ComputeChecksums: true,
+		FixLengths:       true,
+	}
+
+	err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(outboundBuf, opts,
+		outboundIPv4,
+		outboundUDP,
+		gopacket.Payload("test"),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Process outbound packet and verify connection tracking
+	drop := manager.DropOutgoing(outboundBuf.Bytes())
+	require.False(t, drop, "Initial outbound packet should not be dropped")
+
+	// Verify connection was tracked
+	conn, exists := manager.udpTracker.GetConnection(srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
+
+	require.True(t, exists, "Connection should be tracked after outbound packet")
+	require.True(t, conntrack.ValidateIPs(conntrack.MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.SourceIP), "Source IP should match")
+	require.True(t, conntrack.ValidateIPs(conntrack.MakeIPAddr(dstIP), conn.DestIP), "Destination IP should match")
+	require.Equal(t, srcPort, conn.SourcePort, "Source port should match")
+	require.Equal(t, dstPort, conn.DestPort, "Destination port should match")
+
+	// Create valid inbound response packet
+	inboundIPv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    dstIP, // Original destination is now source
+		DstIP:    srcIP, // Original source is now destination
+		Protocol: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+	}
+	inboundUDP := &layers.UDP{
+		SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort), // Original destination port is now source
+		DstPort: layers.UDPPort(srcPort), // Original source port is now destination
+	}
+
+	err = inboundUDP.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(inboundIPv4)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	inboundBuf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(inboundBuf, opts,
+		inboundIPv4,
+		inboundUDP,
+		gopacket.Payload("response"),
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	// Test roundtrip response handling over time
+	checkPoints := []struct {
+		sleep       time.Duration
+		shouldAllow bool
+		description string
+	}{
+		{
+			sleep:       0,
+			shouldAllow: true,
+			description: "Immediate response should be allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			sleep:       50 * time.Millisecond,
+			shouldAllow: true,
+			description: "Response within timeout should be allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			sleep:       100 * time.Millisecond,
+			shouldAllow: true,
+			description: "Response at half timeout should be allowed",
+		},
+		{
+			// tracker hasn't updated conn for 250ms -> greater than 200ms timeout
+			sleep:       250 * time.Millisecond,
+			shouldAllow: false,
+			description: "Response after timeout should be dropped",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, cp := range checkPoints {
+		time.Sleep(cp.sleep)
+
+		drop = manager.dropFilter(inboundBuf.Bytes(), manager.incomingRules)
+		require.Equal(t, cp.shouldAllow, !drop, cp.description)
+
+		// If the connection should still be valid, verify it exists
+		if cp.shouldAllow {
+			conn, exists := manager.udpTracker.GetConnection(srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
+			require.True(t, exists, "Connection should still exist during valid window")
+			require.True(t, time.Since(conn.GetLastSeen()) < manager.udpTracker.Timeout(),
+				"LastSeen should be updated for valid responses")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Test invalid response packets (while connection is expired)
+	invalidCases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		modifyFunc  func(*layers.IPv4, *layers.UDP)
+		description string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "wrong source IP",
+			modifyFunc: func(ip *layers.IPv4, udp *layers.UDP) {
+				ip.SrcIP = net.ParseIP("100.10.0.101")
+			},
+			description: "Response from wrong IP should be dropped",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wrong destination IP",
+			modifyFunc: func(ip *layers.IPv4, udp *layers.UDP) {
+				ip.DstIP = net.ParseIP("100.10.0.2")
+			},
+			description: "Response to wrong IP should be dropped",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wrong source port",
+			modifyFunc: func(ip *layers.IPv4, udp *layers.UDP) {
+				udp.SrcPort = 54
+			},
+			description: "Response from wrong port should be dropped",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "wrong destination port",
+			modifyFunc: func(ip *layers.IPv4, udp *layers.UDP) {
+				udp.DstPort = 51335
+			},
+			description: "Response to wrong port should be dropped",
+		},
+	}
+
+	// Create a new outbound connection for invalid tests
+	drop = manager.processOutgoingHooks(outboundBuf.Bytes())
+	require.False(t, drop, "Second outbound packet should not be dropped")
+
+	for _, tc := range invalidCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			testIPv4 := *inboundIPv4
+			testUDP := *inboundUDP
+
+			tc.modifyFunc(&testIPv4, &testUDP)
+
+			err = testUDP.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(&testIPv4)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			testBuf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+			err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(testBuf, opts,
+				&testIPv4,
+				&testUDP,
+				gopacket.Payload("response"),
+			)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			// Verify the invalid packet is dropped
+			drop = manager.dropFilter(testBuf.Bytes(), manager.incomingRules)
+			require.True(t, drop, tc.description)
+		})
+	}
+}

client/iface/bind/control_android.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	wireguard "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
+
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// ControlFns is not thread safe and should only be modified during init.
+	*wireguard.ControlFns = append(*wireguard.ControlFns, nbnet.ControlProtectSocket)
+}

client/iface/bind/endpoint.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package bind
+
+import wgConn "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
+
+type Endpoint = wgConn.StdNetEndpoint

client/iface/bind/ice_bind.go

@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+	"runtime"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/pion/stun/v2"
+	"github.com/pion/transport/v3"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/net/ipv4"
+	"golang.org/x/net/ipv6"
+	wgConn "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
+)
+
+type RecvMessage struct {
+	Endpoint *Endpoint
+	Buffer   []byte
+}
+
+type receiverCreator struct {
+	iceBind *ICEBind
+}
+
+func (rc receiverCreator) CreateIPv4ReceiverFn(pc *ipv4.PacketConn, conn *net.UDPConn, rxOffload bool, msgPool *sync.Pool) wgConn.ReceiveFunc {
+	return rc.iceBind.createIPv4ReceiverFn(pc, conn, rxOffload, msgPool)
+}
+
+// ICEBind is a bind implementation with two main features:
+// 1. filter out STUN messages and handle them
+// 2. forward the received packets to the WireGuard interface from the relayed connection
+//
+// ICEBind.endpoints var is a map that stores the connection for each relayed peer. Fake address is just an IP address
+// without port, in the format of 127.1.x.x where x.x is the last two octets of the peer address. We try to avoid to
+// use the port because in the Send function the wgConn.Endpoint the port info is not exported.
+type ICEBind struct {
+	*wgConn.StdNetBind
+	RecvChan chan RecvMessage
+
+	transportNet transport.Net
+	filterFn     FilterFn
+	endpoints    map[netip.Addr]net.Conn
+	endpointsMu  sync.Mutex
+	// every time when Close() is called (i.e. BindUpdate()) we need to close exit from the receiveRelayed and create a
+	// new closed channel. With the closedChanMu we can safely close the channel and create a new one
+	closedChan   chan struct{}
+	closedChanMu sync.RWMutex // protect the closeChan recreation from reading from it.
+	closed       bool
+
+	muUDPMux sync.Mutex
+	udpMux   *UniversalUDPMuxDefault
+}
+
+func NewICEBind(transportNet transport.Net, filterFn FilterFn) *ICEBind {
+	b, _ := wgConn.NewStdNetBind().(*wgConn.StdNetBind)
+	ib := &ICEBind{
+		StdNetBind:   b,
+		RecvChan:     make(chan RecvMessage, 1),
+		transportNet: transportNet,
+		filterFn:     filterFn,
+		endpoints:    make(map[netip.Addr]net.Conn),
+		closedChan:   make(chan struct{}),
+		closed:       true,
+	}
+
+	rc := receiverCreator{
+		ib,
+	}
+	ib.StdNetBind = wgConn.NewStdNetBindWithReceiverCreator(rc)
+	return ib
+}
+
+func (s *ICEBind) Open(uport uint16) ([]wgConn.ReceiveFunc, uint16, error) {
+	s.closed = false
+	s.closedChanMu.Lock()
+	s.closedChan = make(chan struct{})
+	s.closedChanMu.Unlock()
+	fns, port, err := s.StdNetBind.Open(uport)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, 0, err
+	}
+	fns = append(fns, s.receiveRelayed)
+	return fns, port, nil
+}
+
+func (s *ICEBind) Close() error {
+	if s.closed {
+		return nil
+	}
+	s.closed = true
+
+	close(s.closedChan)
+
+	return s.StdNetBind.Close()
+}
+
+// GetICEMux returns the ICE UDPMux that was created and used by ICEBind
+func (s *ICEBind) GetICEMux() (*UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error) {
+	s.muUDPMux.Lock()
+	defer s.muUDPMux.Unlock()
+	if s.udpMux == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ICEBind has not been initialized yet")
+	}
+
+	return s.udpMux, nil
+}
+
+func (b *ICEBind) SetEndpoint(peerAddress *net.UDPAddr, conn net.Conn) (*net.UDPAddr, error) {
+	fakeUDPAddr, err := fakeAddress(peerAddress)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// force IPv4
+	fakeAddr, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(fakeUDPAddr.IP.To4())
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to convert IP to netip.Addr")
+	}
+
+	b.endpointsMu.Lock()
+	b.endpoints[fakeAddr] = conn
+	b.endpointsMu.Unlock()
+
+	return fakeUDPAddr, nil
+}
+
+func (b *ICEBind) RemoveEndpoint(fakeUDPAddr *net.UDPAddr) {
+	fakeAddr, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(fakeUDPAddr.IP.To4())
+	if !ok {
+		log.Warnf("failed to convert IP to netip.Addr")
+		return
+	}
+
+	b.endpointsMu.Lock()
+	defer b.endpointsMu.Unlock()
+	delete(b.endpoints, fakeAddr)
+}
+
+func (b *ICEBind) Send(bufs [][]byte, ep wgConn.Endpoint) error {
+	b.endpointsMu.Lock()
+	conn, ok := b.endpoints[ep.DstIP()]
+	b.endpointsMu.Unlock()
+	if !ok {
+		return b.StdNetBind.Send(bufs, ep)
+	}
+
+	for _, buf := range bufs {
+		if _, err := conn.Write(buf); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (s *ICEBind) createIPv4ReceiverFn(pc *ipv4.PacketConn, conn *net.UDPConn, rxOffload bool, msgsPool *sync.Pool) wgConn.ReceiveFunc {
+	s.muUDPMux.Lock()
+	defer s.muUDPMux.Unlock()
+
+	s.udpMux = NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault(
+		UniversalUDPMuxParams{
+			UDPConn:  conn,
+			Net:      s.transportNet,
+			FilterFn: s.filterFn,
+		},
+	)
+	return func(bufs [][]byte, sizes []int, eps []wgConn.Endpoint) (n int, err error) {
+		msgs := getMessages(msgsPool)
+		for i := range bufs {
+			(*msgs)[i].Buffers[0] = bufs[i]
+			(*msgs)[i].OOB = (*msgs)[i].OOB[:cap((*msgs)[i].OOB)]
+		}
+		defer putMessages(msgs, msgsPool)
+		var numMsgs int
+		if runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "android" {
+			if rxOffload {
+				readAt := len(*msgs) - (wgConn.IdealBatchSize / wgConn.UdpSegmentMaxDatagrams)
+				//nolint
+				numMsgs, err = pc.ReadBatch((*msgs)[readAt:], 0)
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+				numMsgs, err = wgConn.SplitCoalescedMessages(*msgs, readAt, wgConn.GetGSOSize)
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+			} else {
+				numMsgs, err = pc.ReadBatch(*msgs, 0)
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			msg := &(*msgs)[0]
+			msg.N, msg.NN, _, msg.Addr, err = conn.ReadMsgUDP(msg.Buffers[0], msg.OOB)
+			if err != nil {
+				return 0, err
+			}
+			numMsgs = 1
+		}
+		for i := 0; i < numMsgs; i++ {
+			msg := &(*msgs)[i]
+
+			// todo: handle err
+			ok, _ := s.filterOutStunMessages(msg.Buffers, msg.N, msg.Addr)
+			if ok {
+				continue
+			}
+			sizes[i] = msg.N
+			if sizes[i] == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			addrPort := msg.Addr.(*net.UDPAddr).AddrPort()
+			ep := &wgConn.StdNetEndpoint{AddrPort: addrPort} // TODO: remove allocation
+			wgConn.GetSrcFromControl(msg.OOB[:msg.NN], ep)
+			eps[i] = ep
+		}
+		return numMsgs, nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *ICEBind) filterOutStunMessages(buffers [][]byte, n int, addr net.Addr) (bool, error) {
+	for i := range buffers {
+		if !stun.IsMessage(buffers[i]) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		msg, err := s.parseSTUNMessage(buffers[i][:n])
+		if err != nil {
+			buffers[i] = []byte{}
+			return true, err
+		}
+
+		muxErr := s.udpMux.HandleSTUNMessage(msg, addr)
+		if muxErr != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to handle STUN packet")
+		}
+
+		buffers[i] = []byte{}
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	return false, nil
+}
+
+func (s *ICEBind) parseSTUNMessage(raw []byte) (*stun.Message, error) {
+	msg := &stun.Message{
+		Raw: raw,
+	}
+	if err := msg.Decode(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return msg, nil
+}
+
+// receiveRelayed is a receive function that is used to receive packets from the relayed connection and forward to the
+// WireGuard. Critical part is do not block if the Closed() has been called.
+func (c *ICEBind) receiveRelayed(buffs [][]byte, sizes []int, eps []wgConn.Endpoint) (int, error) {
+	c.closedChanMu.RLock()
+	defer c.closedChanMu.RUnlock()
+
+	select {
+	case <-c.closedChan:
+		return 0, net.ErrClosed
+	case msg, ok := <-c.RecvChan:
+		if !ok {
+			return 0, net.ErrClosed
+		}
+		copy(buffs[0], msg.Buffer)
+		sizes[0] = len(msg.Buffer)
+		eps[0] = wgConn.Endpoint(msg.Endpoint)
+		return 1, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// fakeAddress returns a fake address that is used to as an identifier for the peer.
+// The fake address is in the format of 127.1.x.x where x.x is the last two octets of the peer address.
+func fakeAddress(peerAddress *net.UDPAddr) (*net.UDPAddr, error) {
+	octets := strings.Split(peerAddress.IP.String(), ".")
+	if len(octets) != 4 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid IP format")
+	}
+
+	newAddr := &net.UDPAddr{
+		IP:   net.ParseIP(fmt.Sprintf("127.1.%s.%s", octets[2], octets[3])),
+		Port: peerAddress.Port,
+	}
+	return newAddr, nil
+}
+
+func getMessages(msgsPool *sync.Pool) *[]ipv6.Message {
+	return msgsPool.Get().(*[]ipv6.Message)
+}
+
+func putMessages(msgs *[]ipv6.Message, msgsPool *sync.Pool) {
+	for i := range *msgs {
+		(*msgs)[i].OOB = (*msgs)[i].OOB[:0]
+		(*msgs)[i] = ipv6.Message{Buffers: (*msgs)[i].Buffers, OOB: (*msgs)[i].OOB}
+	}
+	msgsPool.Put(msgs)
+}

client/iface/bind/udp_mux.go

@@ -162,12 +162,13 @@ func NewUDPMuxDefault(params UDPMuxParams) *UDPMuxDefault {
 		params.Logger.Warn("UDPMuxDefault should not listening on unspecified address, use NewMultiUDPMuxFromPort instead")
 		var networks []ice.NetworkType
 		switch {
-		case addr.IP.To4() != nil:
-			networks = []ice.NetworkType{ice.NetworkTypeUDP4}
 
 		case addr.IP.To16() != nil:
 			networks = []ice.NetworkType{ice.NetworkTypeUDP4, ice.NetworkTypeUDP6}
 
+		case addr.IP.To4() != nil:
+			networks = []ice.NetworkType{ice.NetworkTypeUDP4}
+
 		default:
 			params.Logger.Errorf("LocalAddr expected IPV4 or IPV6, got %T", params.UDPConn.LocalAddr())
 		}

client/iface/configurer/err.go

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package configurer
+
+import "errors"
+
+var ErrPeerNotFound = errors.New("peer not found")

client/iface/configurer/kernel_unix.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //go:build (linux && !android) || freebsd
 
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
@@ -12,18 +12,17 @@ import (
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 )
 
-type wgKernelConfigurer struct {
+type KernelConfigurer struct {
 	deviceName string
 }
 
-func newWGConfigurer(deviceName string) wgConfigurer {
-	wgc := &wgKernelConfigurer{
+func NewKernelConfigurer(deviceName string) *KernelConfigurer {
+	return &KernelConfigurer{
 		deviceName: deviceName,
 	}
-	return wgc
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) configureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) ConfigureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error {
 	log.Debugf("adding Wireguard private key")
 	key, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(privateKey)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -44,7 +43,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) configureInterface(privateKey string, port int) err
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
 	// parse allowed ips
 	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIps)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -56,8 +55,9 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepA
 		return err
 	}
 	peer := wgtypes.PeerConfig{
-		PublicKey:                   peerKeyParsed,
-		ReplaceAllowedIPs:           true,
+		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
+		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
+		// don't replace allowed ips, wg will handle duplicated peer IP
 		AllowedIPs:                  []net.IPNet{*ipNet},
 		PersistentKeepaliveInterval: &keepAlive,
 		Endpoint:                    endpoint,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepA
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) removePeer(peerKey string) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) removePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) addAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) addAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) erro
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) removeAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("parse allowed IP: %w", err)
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) removeAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) e
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) getPeer(ifaceName, peerPubKey string) (wgtypes.Peer, error) {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) getPeer(ifaceName, peerPubKey string) (wgtypes.Peer, error) {
 	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
 	if err != nil {
 		return wgtypes.Peer{}, fmt.Errorf("wgctl: %w", err)
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) getPeer(ifaceName, peerPubKey string) (wgtypes.Peer
 	return wgtypes.Peer{}, ErrPeerNotFound
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) configure(config wgtypes.Config) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) configure(config wgtypes.Config) error {
 	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -204,10 +204,10 @@ func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) configure(config wgtypes.Config) error {
 	return wg.ConfigureDevice(c.deviceName, config)
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) close() {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) Close() {
 }
 
-func (c *wgKernelConfigurer) getStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) GetStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
 	peer, err := c.getPeer(c.deviceName, peerKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("get wireguard stats: %w", err)

client/iface/configurer/name.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //go:build linux || windows || freebsd
 
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 // WgInterfaceDefault is a default interface name of Wiretrustee
 const WgInterfaceDefault = "wt0"

client/iface/configurer/name_darwin.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //go:build darwin
 
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 // WgInterfaceDefault is a default interface name of Wiretrustee
 const WgInterfaceDefault = "utun100"

client/iface/configurer/uapi.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 //go:build !windows
 
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 import (
 	"net"

client/iface/configurer/uapi_windows.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 import (
 	"net"

client/iface/configurer/usp.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 import (
 	"encoding/hex"
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ import (
 
 var ErrAllowedIPNotFound = fmt.Errorf("allowed IP not found")
 
-type wgUSPConfigurer struct {
+type WGUSPConfigurer struct {
 	device     *device.Device
 	deviceName string
 
 	uapiListener net.Listener
 }
 
-func newWGUSPConfigurer(device *device.Device, deviceName string) wgConfigurer {
-	wgCfg := &wgUSPConfigurer{
+func NewUSPConfigurer(device *device.Device, deviceName string) *WGUSPConfigurer {
+	wgCfg := &WGUSPConfigurer{
 		device:     device,
 		deviceName: deviceName,
 	}
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func newWGUSPConfigurer(device *device.Device, deviceName string) wgConfigurer {
 	return wgCfg
 }
 
-func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) configureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) ConfigureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error {
 	log.Debugf("adding Wireguard private key")
 	key, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(privateKey)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) configureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
 	// parse allowed ips
 	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIps)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -64,8 +64,9 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAliv
 		return err
 	}
 	peer := wgtypes.PeerConfig{
-		PublicKey:                   peerKeyParsed,
-		ReplaceAllowedIPs:           true,
+		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
+		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
+		// don't replace allowed ips, wg will handle duplicated peer IP
 		AllowedIPs:                  []net.IPNet{*ipNet},
 		PersistentKeepaliveInterval: &keepAlive,
 		PresharedKey:                preSharedKey,
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) updatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAliv
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) removePeer(peerKey string) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) removePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) addAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -120,7 +121,7 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) addAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) removeAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
 	ipc, err := c.device.IpcGet()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ func (c *wgUSPConfigurer) removeAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
 }
 
 // startUAPI starts the UAPI listener for managing the WireGuard interface via external tool
-func (t *wgUSPConfigurer) startUAPI() {
+func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) startUAPI() {
 	var err error
 	t.uapiListener, err = openUAPI(t.deviceName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ func (t *wgUSPConfigurer) startUAPI() {
 	}(t.uapiListener)
 }
 
-func (t *wgUSPConfigurer) close() {
+func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) Close() {
 	if t.uapiListener != nil {
 		err := t.uapiListener.Close()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -222,7 +223,7 @@ func (t *wgUSPConfigurer) close() {
 	}
 }
 
-func (t *wgUSPConfigurer) getStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
+func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) GetStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
 	ipc, err := t.device.IpcGet()
 	if err != nil {
 		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("ipc get: %w", err)

client/iface/configurer/usp_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package iface
+package configurer
 
 import (
 	"encoding/hex"

client/iface/configurer/wgstats.go

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package configurer
+
+import "time"
+
+type WGStats struct {
+	LastHandshake time.Time
+	TxBytes       int64
+	RxBytes       int64
+}

client/iface/device.go

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//go:build !android
+
+package iface
+
+import (
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+type WGTunDevice interface {
+	Create() (device.WGConfigurer, error)
+	Up() (*bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error)
+	UpdateAddr(address WGAddress) error
+	WgAddress() WGAddress
+	DeviceName() string
+	Close() error
+	FilteredDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+}

client/iface/device/adapter.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package iface
+package device
 
 // TunAdapter is an interface for create tun device from external service
 type TunAdapter interface {