[misc] Rename CI client tests (#3366)

The following vulnerabilities are fixed with an upgrade:
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-ALPINE321-MUSL-8720634
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-ALPINE321-MUSL-8720634
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-ALPINE321-OPENSSL-8690014
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-ALPINE321-OPENSSL-8690014
- https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-ALPINE321-OPENSSL-8710358

Co-authored-by: snyk-bot <snyk-bot@snyk.io>

.github/workflows/golang-test-darwin.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Test Code Darwin
+name: "Darwin"
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -12,9 +12,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   test:
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        store: ['sqlite']
+    name: "Client / Unit"
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Install Go

.github/workflows/golang-test-freebsd.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-
-name: Test Code FreeBSD
+name: "FreeBSD"
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -13,6 +12,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   test:
+    name: "Client / Unit"
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4

.github/workflows/golang-test-linux.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Test Code Linux
+name: Linux
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -12,11 +12,21 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   build-cache:
+    name: "Build Cache"
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    outputs:
+      management: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.management }}
     steps:        
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
+        id: filter
+        with:
+          filters: |
+              management:
+                - 'management/**'
+
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
@@ -38,7 +48,6 @@ jobs:
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
-            
 
       - name: Install dependencies
         if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
@@ -89,6 +98,7 @@ jobs:
         run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=386 go build -o relay-386 .
 
   test:
+    name: "Client / Unit"
     needs: [build-cache]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -134,9 +144,116 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v /management)
+        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay)
+
+  test_relay:
+    name: "Relay / Unit"
+    needs: [build-cache]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          go test \
+            -exec 'sudo' \
+            -timeout 10m ./signal/...
+
+  test_signal:
+    name: "Signal / Unit"
+    needs: [build-cache]
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        arch: [ '386','amd64' ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        run: |
+          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
+          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ env.cache }}
+            ${{ env.modcache }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
+
+      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
+        if: matrix.arch == '386'
+        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
+
+      - name: Install modules
+        run: go mod tidy
+
+      - name: check git status
+        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
+
+      - name: Test
+        run: |
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          go test \
+            -exec 'sudo' \
+            -timeout 10m ./signal/...
 
   test_management:
+    name: "Management / Unit"
     needs: [ build-cache ]
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
@@ -194,10 +311,17 @@ jobs:
         run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=devcert -p 1 -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 10m $(go list ./... | grep /management)
+        run: |          
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
+          go test -tags=devcert \
+            -exec "sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE" \
+            -timeout 10m ./management/...
 
   benchmark:
+    name: "Management / Benchmark"
     needs: [ build-cache ]
+    if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -254,10 +378,17 @@ jobs:
         run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -run=^$ -bench=. -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 20m ./...
+        run: |
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          go test -tags devcert -run=^$ -bench=. \
+          -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
+          -timeout 20m ./...
 
   api_benchmark:
+    name: "Management / Benchmark (API)"
     needs: [ build-cache ]
+    if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -312,12 +443,21 @@ jobs:
       - name: download mysql image
         if: matrix.store == 'mysql'
         run: docker pull mlsmaycon/warmed-mysql:8
-        
+
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -run=^$ -tags=benchmark -bench=. -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 30m $(go list -tags=benchmark ./... | grep /management)
+        run: |
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          go test -tags=benchmark \
+            -run=^$ \
+            -bench=. \
+            -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
+            -timeout 20m ./management/...
 
   api_integration_test:
+    name: "Management / Integration"
     needs: [ build-cache ]
+    if: ${{ needs.build-cache.outputs.management == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
@@ -363,9 +503,15 @@ jobs:
         run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
 
       - name: Test
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true go test -tags=integration -p 1 -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' -timeout 30m $(go list -tags=integration ./... | grep /management)
+        run: |
+          CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          go test -tags=integration \
+          -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
+          -timeout 10m ./management/...
 
   test_client_on_docker:
+    name: "Client (Docker) / Unit"
     needs: [ build-cache ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
     steps:

.github/workflows/golang-test-windows.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Test Code Windows
+name: "Windows"
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   test:
+    name: "Client / Unit"
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout code

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: golangci-lint
+name: Lint
 on: [pull_request]
 
 permissions:
@@ -27,7 +27,14 @@ jobs:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         os: [macos-latest, windows-latest, ubuntu-latest]
-    name: lint
+        include:
+          - os: macos-latest
+            display_name: Darwin
+          - os: windows-latest
+            display_name: Windows
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            display_name: Linux
+    name: ${{ matrix.display_name }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     timeout-minutes: 15
     steps:

.github/workflows/mobile-build-validation.yml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-name: Mobile build validation
+name: Mobile
 
 on:
   push:
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   android_build:
+    name: "Android / Build"
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ jobs:
           CGO_ENABLED: 0
           ANDROID_NDK_HOME: /usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk/23.1.7779620
   ios_build:
+    name: "iOS / Build"
     runs-on: macos-latest
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository

.gitignore

@@ -29,3 +29,4 @@ infrastructure_files/setup.env
 infrastructure_files/setup-*.env
 .vscode
 .DS_Store
+vendor/

.golangci.yaml

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ linters:
     - predeclared # predeclared finds code that shadows one of Go's predeclared identifiers
     - revive # Fast, configurable, extensible, flexible, and beautiful linter for Go. Drop-in replacement of golint.
     - sqlclosecheck # checks that sql.Rows and sql.Stmt are closed
-    - thelper # thelper detects Go test helpers without t.Helper() call and checks the consistency of test helpers.
+    # - thelper # thelper detects Go test helpers without t.Helper() call and checks the consistency of test helpers.
     - wastedassign # wastedassign finds wasted assignment statements
 issues:
   # Maximum count of issues with the same text.

.goreleaser_ui.yaml

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ nfpms:
     contents:
       - src: client/ui/netbird.desktop
         dst: /usr/share/applications/netbird.desktop
-      - src: client/ui/netbird-systemtray-connected.png
+      - src: client/ui/netbird.png
         dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
     dependencies:
       - netbird
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ nfpms:
     contents:
       - src: client/ui/netbird.desktop
         dst: /usr/share/applications/netbird.desktop
-      - src: client/ui/netbird-systemtray-connected.png
+      - src: client/ui/netbird.png
         dst: /usr/share/pixmaps/netbird.png
     dependencies:
       - netbird

README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
 <div align="center">
+  <a href="https://netbird.io/webinars/achieve-zero-trust-access-to-k8s?utm_source=github&utm_campaign=2502%20-%20webinar%20-%20How%20to%20Achieve%20Zero%20Trust%20Access%20to%20Kubernetes%20-%20Effortlessly&utm_medium=github">
+    Webinar: How to Achieve Zero Trust Access to Kubernetes — Effortlessly
+  </a> 
+<br/>
+  <br/>
 <p align="center">
   <img width="234" src="docs/media/logo-full.png"/>
 </p>

client/Dockerfile

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM alpine:3.21.0
+FROM alpine:3.21.3
 RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates iptables ip6tables
 ENV NB_FOREGROUND_MODE=true
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/netbird","up"]

client/Dockerfile-rootless

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ USER netbird:netbird
 
 ENV NB_FOREGROUND_MODE=true
 ENV NB_USE_NETSTACK_MODE=true
+ENV NB_ENABLE_NETSTACK_LOCAL_FORWARDING=true
 ENV NB_CONFIG=config.json
 ENV NB_DAEMON_ADDR=unix://netbird.sock
 ENV NB_DISABLE_DNS=true

client/cmd/debug.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
+	nbstatus "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/status"
 )
 
 const errCloseConnection = "Failed to close connection: %v"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ func debugBundle(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
 		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
-		Status:     getStatusOutput(cmd),
+		Status:     getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag),
 		SystemInfo: debugSystemInfoFlag,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -196,7 +197,7 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	time.Sleep(3 * time.Second)
 
 	headerPostUp := fmt.Sprintf("----- Netbird post-up - Timestamp: %s", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339))
-	statusOutput := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", headerPostUp, getStatusOutput(cmd))
+	statusOutput := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s", headerPostUp, getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag))
 
 	if waitErr := waitForDurationOrCancel(cmd.Context(), duration, cmd); waitErr != nil {
 		return waitErr
@@ -206,7 +207,7 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	cmd.Println("Creating debug bundle...")
 
 	headerPreDown := fmt.Sprintf("----- Netbird pre-down - Timestamp: %s - Duration: %s", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339), duration)
-	statusOutput = fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", statusOutput, headerPreDown, getStatusOutput(cmd))
+	statusOutput = fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", statusOutput, headerPreDown, getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag))
 
 	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
 		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
@@ -271,13 +272,15 @@ func setNetworkMapPersistence(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func getStatusOutput(cmd *cobra.Command) string {
+func getStatusOutput(cmd *cobra.Command, anon bool) string {
 	var statusOutputString string
 	statusResp, err := getStatus(cmd.Context())
 	if err != nil {
 		cmd.PrintErrf("Failed to get status: %v\n", err)
 	} else {
-		statusOutputString = parseToFullDetailSummary(convertToStatusOutputOverview(statusResp))
+		statusOutputString = nbstatus.ParseToFullDetailSummary(
+			nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(statusResp, anon, "", nil, nil, nil),
+		)
 	}
 	return statusOutputString
 }

client/cmd/login.go

@@ -85,11 +85,17 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 
 		client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
 
+		var dnsLabelsReq []string
+		if dnsLabelsValidated != nil {
+			dnsLabelsReq = dnsLabelsValidated.ToSafeStringList()
+		}
+
 		loginRequest := proto.LoginRequest{
 			SetupKey:             providedSetupKey,
 			ManagementUrl:        managementURL,
 			IsLinuxDesktopClient: isLinuxRunningDesktop(),
 			Hostname:             hostName,
+			DnsLabels:            dnsLabelsReq,
 		}
 
 		if rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Changed(preSharedKeyFlag) {

client/cmd/status.go

@@ -2,107 +2,20 @@ package cmd
 
 import (
 	"context"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
-	"os"
-	"runtime"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
 
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/anonymize"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+	nbstatus "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/status"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version"
 )
 
-type peerStateDetailOutput struct {
-	FQDN                   string           `json:"fqdn" yaml:"fqdn"`
-	IP                     string           `json:"netbirdIp" yaml:"netbirdIp"`
-	PubKey                 string           `json:"publicKey" yaml:"publicKey"`
-	Status                 string           `json:"status" yaml:"status"`
-	LastStatusUpdate       time.Time        `json:"lastStatusUpdate" yaml:"lastStatusUpdate"`
-	ConnType               string           `json:"connectionType" yaml:"connectionType"`
-	IceCandidateType       iceCandidateType `json:"iceCandidateType" yaml:"iceCandidateType"`
-	IceCandidateEndpoint   iceCandidateType `json:"iceCandidateEndpoint" yaml:"iceCandidateEndpoint"`
-	RelayAddress           string           `json:"relayAddress" yaml:"relayAddress"`
-	LastWireguardHandshake time.Time        `json:"lastWireguardHandshake" yaml:"lastWireguardHandshake"`
-	TransferReceived       int64            `json:"transferReceived" yaml:"transferReceived"`
-	TransferSent           int64            `json:"transferSent" yaml:"transferSent"`
-	Latency                time.Duration    `json:"latency" yaml:"latency"`
-	RosenpassEnabled       bool             `json:"quantumResistance" yaml:"quantumResistance"`
-	Routes                 []string         `json:"routes" yaml:"routes"`
-	Networks               []string         `json:"networks" yaml:"networks"`
-}
-
-type peersStateOutput struct {
-	Total     int                     `json:"total" yaml:"total"`
-	Connected int                     `json:"connected" yaml:"connected"`
-	Details   []peerStateDetailOutput `json:"details" yaml:"details"`
-}
-
-type signalStateOutput struct {
-	URL       string `json:"url" yaml:"url"`
-	Connected bool   `json:"connected" yaml:"connected"`
-	Error     string `json:"error" yaml:"error"`
-}
-
-type managementStateOutput struct {
-	URL       string `json:"url" yaml:"url"`
-	Connected bool   `json:"connected" yaml:"connected"`
-	Error     string `json:"error" yaml:"error"`
-}
-
-type relayStateOutputDetail struct {
-	URI       string `json:"uri" yaml:"uri"`
-	Available bool   `json:"available" yaml:"available"`
-	Error     string `json:"error" yaml:"error"`
-}
-
-type relayStateOutput struct {
-	Total     int                      `json:"total" yaml:"total"`
-	Available int                      `json:"available" yaml:"available"`
-	Details   []relayStateOutputDetail `json:"details" yaml:"details"`
-}
-
-type iceCandidateType struct {
-	Local  string `json:"local" yaml:"local"`
-	Remote string `json:"remote" yaml:"remote"`
-}
-
-type nsServerGroupStateOutput struct {
-	Servers []string `json:"servers" yaml:"servers"`
-	Domains []string `json:"domains" yaml:"domains"`
-	Enabled bool     `json:"enabled" yaml:"enabled"`
-	Error   string   `json:"error" yaml:"error"`
-}
-
-type statusOutputOverview struct {
-	Peers               peersStateOutput           `json:"peers" yaml:"peers"`
-	CliVersion          string                     `json:"cliVersion" yaml:"cliVersion"`
-	DaemonVersion       string                     `json:"daemonVersion" yaml:"daemonVersion"`
-	ManagementState     managementStateOutput      `json:"management" yaml:"management"`
-	SignalState         signalStateOutput          `json:"signal" yaml:"signal"`
-	Relays              relayStateOutput           `json:"relays" yaml:"relays"`
-	IP                  string                     `json:"netbirdIp" yaml:"netbirdIp"`
-	PubKey              string                     `json:"publicKey" yaml:"publicKey"`
-	KernelInterface     bool                       `json:"usesKernelInterface" yaml:"usesKernelInterface"`
-	FQDN                string                     `json:"fqdn" yaml:"fqdn"`
-	RosenpassEnabled    bool                       `json:"quantumResistance" yaml:"quantumResistance"`
-	RosenpassPermissive bool                       `json:"quantumResistancePermissive" yaml:"quantumResistancePermissive"`
-	Routes              []string                   `json:"routes" yaml:"routes"`
-	Networks            []string                   `json:"networks" yaml:"networks"`
-	NSServerGroups      []nsServerGroupStateOutput `json:"dnsServers" yaml:"dnsServers"`
-}
-
 var (
 	detailFlag           bool
 	ipv4Flag             bool
@@ -173,18 +86,17 @@ func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	outputInformationHolder := convertToStatusOutputOverview(resp)
-
+	var outputInformationHolder = nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(resp, anonymizeFlag, statusFilter, prefixNamesFilter, prefixNamesFilterMap, ipsFilterMap)
 	var statusOutputString string
 	switch {
 	case detailFlag:
-		statusOutputString = parseToFullDetailSummary(outputInformationHolder)
+		statusOutputString = nbstatus.ParseToFullDetailSummary(outputInformationHolder)
 	case jsonFlag:
-		statusOutputString, err = parseToJSON(outputInformationHolder)
+		statusOutputString, err = nbstatus.ParseToJSON(outputInformationHolder)
 	case yamlFlag:
-		statusOutputString, err = parseToYAML(outputInformationHolder)
+		statusOutputString, err = nbstatus.ParseToYAML(outputInformationHolder)
 	default:
-		statusOutputString = parseGeneralSummary(outputInformationHolder, false, false, false)
+		statusOutputString = nbstatus.ParseGeneralSummary(outputInformationHolder, false, false, false)
 	}
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -214,7 +126,6 @@ func getStatus(ctx context.Context) (*proto.StatusResponse, error) {
 }
 
 func parseFilters() error {
-
 	switch strings.ToLower(statusFilter) {
 	case "", "disconnected", "connected":
 		if strings.ToLower(statusFilter) != "" {
@@ -251,175 +162,6 @@ func enableDetailFlagWhenFilterFlag() {
 	}
 }
 
-func convertToStatusOutputOverview(resp *proto.StatusResponse) statusOutputOverview {
-	pbFullStatus := resp.GetFullStatus()
-
-	managementState := pbFullStatus.GetManagementState()
-	managementOverview := managementStateOutput{
-		URL:       managementState.GetURL(),
-		Connected: managementState.GetConnected(),
-		Error:     managementState.Error,
-	}
-
-	signalState := pbFullStatus.GetSignalState()
-	signalOverview := signalStateOutput{
-		URL:       signalState.GetURL(),
-		Connected: signalState.GetConnected(),
-		Error:     signalState.Error,
-	}
-
-	relayOverview := mapRelays(pbFullStatus.GetRelays())
-	peersOverview := mapPeers(resp.GetFullStatus().GetPeers())
-
-	overview := statusOutputOverview{
-		Peers:               peersOverview,
-		CliVersion:          version.NetbirdVersion(),
-		DaemonVersion:       resp.GetDaemonVersion(),
-		ManagementState:     managementOverview,
-		SignalState:         signalOverview,
-		Relays:              relayOverview,
-		IP:                  pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetIP(),
-		PubKey:              pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetPubKey(),
-		KernelInterface:     pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetKernelInterface(),
-		FQDN:                pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetFqdn(),
-		RosenpassEnabled:    pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetRosenpassEnabled(),
-		RosenpassPermissive: pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetRosenpassPermissive(),
-		Routes:              pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetNetworks(),
-		Networks:            pbFullStatus.GetLocalPeerState().GetNetworks(),
-		NSServerGroups:      mapNSGroups(pbFullStatus.GetDnsServers()),
-	}
-
-	if anonymizeFlag {
-		anonymizer := anonymize.NewAnonymizer(anonymize.DefaultAddresses())
-		anonymizeOverview(anonymizer, &overview)
-	}
-
-	return overview
-}
-
-func mapRelays(relays []*proto.RelayState) relayStateOutput {
-	var relayStateDetail []relayStateOutputDetail
-
-	var relaysAvailable int
-	for _, relay := range relays {
-		available := relay.GetAvailable()
-		relayStateDetail = append(relayStateDetail,
-			relayStateOutputDetail{
-				URI:       relay.URI,
-				Available: available,
-				Error:     relay.GetError(),
-			},
-		)
-
-		if available {
-			relaysAvailable++
-		}
-	}
-
-	return relayStateOutput{
-		Total:     len(relays),
-		Available: relaysAvailable,
-		Details:   relayStateDetail,
-	}
-}
-
-func mapNSGroups(servers []*proto.NSGroupState) []nsServerGroupStateOutput {
-	mappedNSGroups := make([]nsServerGroupStateOutput, 0, len(servers))
-	for _, pbNsGroupServer := range servers {
-		mappedNSGroups = append(mappedNSGroups, nsServerGroupStateOutput{
-			Servers: pbNsGroupServer.GetServers(),
-			Domains: pbNsGroupServer.GetDomains(),
-			Enabled: pbNsGroupServer.GetEnabled(),
-			Error:   pbNsGroupServer.GetError(),
-		})
-	}
-	return mappedNSGroups
-}
-
-func mapPeers(peers []*proto.PeerState) peersStateOutput {
-	var peersStateDetail []peerStateDetailOutput
-	peersConnected := 0
-	for _, pbPeerState := range peers {
-		localICE := ""
-		remoteICE := ""
-		localICEEndpoint := ""
-		remoteICEEndpoint := ""
-		relayServerAddress := ""
-		connType := ""
-		lastHandshake := time.Time{}
-		transferReceived := int64(0)
-		transferSent := int64(0)
-
-		isPeerConnected := pbPeerState.ConnStatus == peer.StatusConnected.String()
-		if skipDetailByFilters(pbPeerState, isPeerConnected) {
-			continue
-		}
-		if isPeerConnected {
-			peersConnected++
-
-			localICE = pbPeerState.GetLocalIceCandidateType()
-			remoteICE = pbPeerState.GetRemoteIceCandidateType()
-			localICEEndpoint = pbPeerState.GetLocalIceCandidateEndpoint()
-			remoteICEEndpoint = pbPeerState.GetRemoteIceCandidateEndpoint()
-			connType = "P2P"
-			if pbPeerState.Relayed {
-				connType = "Relayed"
-			}
-			relayServerAddress = pbPeerState.GetRelayAddress()
-			lastHandshake = pbPeerState.GetLastWireguardHandshake().AsTime().Local()
-			transferReceived = pbPeerState.GetBytesRx()
-			transferSent = pbPeerState.GetBytesTx()
-		}
-
-		timeLocal := pbPeerState.GetConnStatusUpdate().AsTime().Local()
-		peerState := peerStateDetailOutput{
-			IP:               pbPeerState.GetIP(),
-			PubKey:           pbPeerState.GetPubKey(),
-			Status:           pbPeerState.GetConnStatus(),
-			LastStatusUpdate: timeLocal,
-			ConnType:         connType,
-			IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
-				Local:  localICE,
-				Remote: remoteICE,
-			},
-			IceCandidateEndpoint: iceCandidateType{
-				Local:  localICEEndpoint,
-				Remote: remoteICEEndpoint,
-			},
-			RelayAddress:           relayServerAddress,
-			FQDN:                   pbPeerState.GetFqdn(),
-			LastWireguardHandshake: lastHandshake,
-			TransferReceived:       transferReceived,
-			TransferSent:           transferSent,
-			Latency:                pbPeerState.GetLatency().AsDuration(),
-			RosenpassEnabled:       pbPeerState.GetRosenpassEnabled(),
-			Routes:                 pbPeerState.GetNetworks(),
-			Networks:               pbPeerState.GetNetworks(),
-		}
-
-		peersStateDetail = append(peersStateDetail, peerState)
-	}
-
-	sortPeersByIP(peersStateDetail)
-
-	peersOverview := peersStateOutput{
-		Total:     len(peersStateDetail),
-		Connected: peersConnected,
-		Details:   peersStateDetail,
-	}
-	return peersOverview
-}
-
-func sortPeersByIP(peersStateDetail []peerStateDetailOutput) {
-	if len(peersStateDetail) > 0 {
-		sort.SliceStable(peersStateDetail, func(i, j int) bool {
-			iAddr, _ := netip.ParseAddr(peersStateDetail[i].IP)
-			jAddr, _ := netip.ParseAddr(peersStateDetail[j].IP)
-			return iAddr.Compare(jAddr) == -1
-		})
-	}
-}
-
 func parseInterfaceIP(interfaceIP string) string {
 	ip, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(interfaceIP)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -427,452 +169,3 @@ func parseInterfaceIP(interfaceIP string) string {
 	}
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", ip)
 }
-
-func parseToJSON(overview statusOutputOverview) (string, error) {
-	jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(overview)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("json marshal failed")
-	}
-	return string(jsonBytes), err
-}
-
-func parseToYAML(overview statusOutputOverview) (string, error) {
-	yamlBytes, err := yaml.Marshal(overview)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("yaml marshal failed")
-	}
-	return string(yamlBytes), nil
-}
-
-func parseGeneralSummary(overview statusOutputOverview, showURL bool, showRelays bool, showNameServers bool) string {
-	var managementConnString string
-	if overview.ManagementState.Connected {
-		managementConnString = "Connected"
-		if showURL {
-			managementConnString = fmt.Sprintf("%s to %s", managementConnString, overview.ManagementState.URL)
-		}
-	} else {
-		managementConnString = "Disconnected"
-		if overview.ManagementState.Error != "" {
-			managementConnString = fmt.Sprintf("%s, reason: %s", managementConnString, overview.ManagementState.Error)
-		}
-	}
-
-	var signalConnString string
-	if overview.SignalState.Connected {
-		signalConnString = "Connected"
-		if showURL {
-			signalConnString = fmt.Sprintf("%s to %s", signalConnString, overview.SignalState.URL)
-		}
-	} else {
-		signalConnString = "Disconnected"
-		if overview.SignalState.Error != "" {
-			signalConnString = fmt.Sprintf("%s, reason: %s", signalConnString, overview.SignalState.Error)
-		}
-	}
-
-	interfaceTypeString := "Userspace"
-	interfaceIP := overview.IP
-	if overview.KernelInterface {
-		interfaceTypeString = "Kernel"
-	} else if overview.IP == "" {
-		interfaceTypeString = "N/A"
-		interfaceIP = "N/A"
-	}
-
-	var relaysString string
-	if showRelays {
-		for _, relay := range overview.Relays.Details {
-			available := "Available"
-			reason := ""
-			if !relay.Available {
-				available = "Unavailable"
-				reason = fmt.Sprintf(", reason: %s", relay.Error)
-			}
-			relaysString += fmt.Sprintf("\n  [%s] is %s%s", relay.URI, available, reason)
-		}
-	} else {
-		relaysString = fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d Available", overview.Relays.Available, overview.Relays.Total)
-	}
-
-	networks := "-"
-	if len(overview.Networks) > 0 {
-		sort.Strings(overview.Networks)
-		networks = strings.Join(overview.Networks, ", ")
-	}
-
-	var dnsServersString string
-	if showNameServers {
-		for _, nsServerGroup := range overview.NSServerGroups {
-			enabled := "Available"
-			if !nsServerGroup.Enabled {
-				enabled = "Unavailable"
-			}
-			errorString := ""
-			if nsServerGroup.Error != "" {
-				errorString = fmt.Sprintf(", reason: %s", nsServerGroup.Error)
-				errorString = strings.TrimSpace(errorString)
-			}
-
-			domainsString := strings.Join(nsServerGroup.Domains, ", ")
-			if domainsString == "" {
-				domainsString = "." // Show "." for the default zone
-			}
-			dnsServersString += fmt.Sprintf(
-				"\n  [%s] for [%s] is %s%s",
-				strings.Join(nsServerGroup.Servers, ", "),
-				domainsString,
-				enabled,
-				errorString,
-			)
-		}
-	} else {
-		dnsServersString = fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d Available", countEnabled(overview.NSServerGroups), len(overview.NSServerGroups))
-	}
-
-	rosenpassEnabledStatus := "false"
-	if overview.RosenpassEnabled {
-		rosenpassEnabledStatus = "true"
-		if overview.RosenpassPermissive {
-			rosenpassEnabledStatus = "true (permissive)" //nolint:gosec
-		}
-	}
-
-	peersCountString := fmt.Sprintf("%d/%d Connected", overview.Peers.Connected, overview.Peers.Total)
-
-	goos := runtime.GOOS
-	goarch := runtime.GOARCH
-	goarm := ""
-	if goarch == "arm" {
-		goarm = fmt.Sprintf(" (ARMv%s)", os.Getenv("GOARM"))
-	}
-
-	summary := fmt.Sprintf(
-		"OS: %s\n"+
-			"Daemon version: %s\n"+
-			"CLI version: %s\n"+
-			"Management: %s\n"+
-			"Signal: %s\n"+
-			"Relays: %s\n"+
-			"Nameservers: %s\n"+
-			"FQDN: %s\n"+
-			"NetBird IP: %s\n"+
-			"Interface type: %s\n"+
-			"Quantum resistance: %s\n"+
-			"Routes: %s\n"+
-			"Networks: %s\n"+
-			"Peers count: %s\n",
-		fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s%s", goos, goarch, goarm),
-		overview.DaemonVersion,
-		version.NetbirdVersion(),
-		managementConnString,
-		signalConnString,
-		relaysString,
-		dnsServersString,
-		overview.FQDN,
-		interfaceIP,
-		interfaceTypeString,
-		rosenpassEnabledStatus,
-		networks,
-		networks,
-		peersCountString,
-	)
-	return summary
-}
-
-func parseToFullDetailSummary(overview statusOutputOverview) string {
-	parsedPeersString := parsePeers(overview.Peers, overview.RosenpassEnabled, overview.RosenpassPermissive)
-	summary := parseGeneralSummary(overview, true, true, true)
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf(
-		"Peers detail:"+
-			"%s\n"+
-			"%s",
-		parsedPeersString,
-		summary,
-	)
-}
-
-func parsePeers(peers peersStateOutput, rosenpassEnabled, rosenpassPermissive bool) string {
-	var (
-		peersString = ""
-	)
-
-	for _, peerState := range peers.Details {
-
-		localICE := "-"
-		if peerState.IceCandidateType.Local != "" {
-			localICE = peerState.IceCandidateType.Local
-		}
-
-		remoteICE := "-"
-		if peerState.IceCandidateType.Remote != "" {
-			remoteICE = peerState.IceCandidateType.Remote
-		}
-
-		localICEEndpoint := "-"
-		if peerState.IceCandidateEndpoint.Local != "" {
-			localICEEndpoint = peerState.IceCandidateEndpoint.Local
-		}
-
-		remoteICEEndpoint := "-"
-		if peerState.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote != "" {
-			remoteICEEndpoint = peerState.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote
-		}
-
-		rosenpassEnabledStatus := "false"
-		if rosenpassEnabled {
-			if peerState.RosenpassEnabled {
-				rosenpassEnabledStatus = "true"
-			} else {
-				if rosenpassPermissive {
-					rosenpassEnabledStatus = "false (remote didn't enable quantum resistance)"
-				} else {
-					rosenpassEnabledStatus = "false (connection won't work without a permissive mode)"
-				}
-			}
-		} else {
-			if peerState.RosenpassEnabled {
-				rosenpassEnabledStatus = "false (connection might not work without a remote permissive mode)"
-			}
-		}
-
-		networks := "-"
-		if len(peerState.Networks) > 0 {
-			sort.Strings(peerState.Networks)
-			networks = strings.Join(peerState.Networks, ", ")
-		}
-
-		peerString := fmt.Sprintf(
-			"\n %s:\n"+
-				"  NetBird IP: %s\n"+
-				"  Public key: %s\n"+
-				"  Status: %s\n"+
-				"  -- detail --\n"+
-				"  Connection type: %s\n"+
-				"  ICE candidate (Local/Remote): %s/%s\n"+
-				"  ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): %s/%s\n"+
-				"  Relay server address: %s\n"+
-				"  Last connection update: %s\n"+
-				"  Last WireGuard handshake: %s\n"+
-				"  Transfer status (received/sent) %s/%s\n"+
-				"  Quantum resistance: %s\n"+
-				"  Routes: %s\n"+
-				"  Networks: %s\n"+
-				"  Latency: %s\n",
-			peerState.FQDN,
-			peerState.IP,
-			peerState.PubKey,
-			peerState.Status,
-			peerState.ConnType,
-			localICE,
-			remoteICE,
-			localICEEndpoint,
-			remoteICEEndpoint,
-			peerState.RelayAddress,
-			timeAgo(peerState.LastStatusUpdate),
-			timeAgo(peerState.LastWireguardHandshake),
-			toIEC(peerState.TransferReceived),
-			toIEC(peerState.TransferSent),
-			rosenpassEnabledStatus,
-			networks,
-			networks,
-			peerState.Latency.String(),
-		)
-
-		peersString += peerString
-	}
-	return peersString
-}
-
-func skipDetailByFilters(peerState *proto.PeerState, isConnected bool) bool {
-	statusEval := false
-	ipEval := false
-	nameEval := true
-
-	if statusFilter != "" {
-		lowerStatusFilter := strings.ToLower(statusFilter)
-		if lowerStatusFilter == "disconnected" && isConnected {
-			statusEval = true
-		} else if lowerStatusFilter == "connected" && !isConnected {
-			statusEval = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(ipsFilter) > 0 {
-		_, ok := ipsFilterMap[peerState.IP]
-		if !ok {
-			ipEval = true
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(prefixNamesFilter) > 0 {
-		for prefixNameFilter := range prefixNamesFilterMap {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(peerState.Fqdn, prefixNameFilter) {
-				nameEval = false
-				break
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		nameEval = false
-	}
-
-	return statusEval || ipEval || nameEval
-}
-
-func toIEC(b int64) string {
-	const unit = 1024
-	if b < unit {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", b)
-	}
-	div, exp := int64(unit), 0
-	for n := b / unit; n >= unit; n /= unit {
-		div *= unit
-		exp++
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f %ciB",
-		float64(b)/float64(div), "KMGTPE"[exp])
-}
-
-func countEnabled(dnsServers []nsServerGroupStateOutput) int {
-	count := 0
-	for _, server := range dnsServers {
-		if server.Enabled {
-			count++
-		}
-	}
-	return count
-}
-
-// timeAgo returns a string representing the duration since the provided time in a human-readable format.
-func timeAgo(t time.Time) string {
-	if t.IsZero() || t.Equal(time.Unix(0, 0)) {
-		return "-"
-	}
-	duration := time.Since(t)
-	switch {
-	case duration < time.Second:
-		return "Now"
-	case duration < time.Minute:
-		seconds := int(duration.Seconds())
-		if seconds == 1 {
-			return "1 second ago"
-		}
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d seconds ago", seconds)
-	case duration < time.Hour:
-		minutes := int(duration.Minutes())
-		seconds := int(duration.Seconds()) % 60
-		if minutes == 1 {
-			if seconds == 1 {
-				return "1 minute, 1 second ago"
-			} else if seconds > 0 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("1 minute, %d seconds ago", seconds)
-			}
-			return "1 minute ago"
-		}
-		if seconds > 0 {
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%d minutes, %d seconds ago", minutes, seconds)
-		}
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d minutes ago", minutes)
-	case duration < 24*time.Hour:
-		hours := int(duration.Hours())
-		minutes := int(duration.Minutes()) % 60
-		if hours == 1 {
-			if minutes == 1 {
-				return "1 hour, 1 minute ago"
-			} else if minutes > 0 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("1 hour, %d minutes ago", minutes)
-			}
-			return "1 hour ago"
-		}
-		if minutes > 0 {
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%d hours, %d minutes ago", hours, minutes)
-		}
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d hours ago", hours)
-	}
-
-	days := int(duration.Hours()) / 24
-	hours := int(duration.Hours()) % 24
-	if days == 1 {
-		if hours == 1 {
-			return "1 day, 1 hour ago"
-		} else if hours > 0 {
-			return fmt.Sprintf("1 day, %d hours ago", hours)
-		}
-		return "1 day ago"
-	}
-	if hours > 0 {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("%d days, %d hours ago", days, hours)
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%d days ago", days)
-}
-
-func anonymizePeerDetail(a *anonymize.Anonymizer, peer *peerStateDetailOutput) {
-	peer.FQDN = a.AnonymizeDomain(peer.FQDN)
-	if localIP, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Local); err == nil {
-		peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Local = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", a.AnonymizeIPString(localIP), port)
-	}
-	if remoteIP, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote); err == nil {
-		peer.IceCandidateEndpoint.Remote = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", a.AnonymizeIPString(remoteIP), port)
-	}
-
-	peer.RelayAddress = a.AnonymizeURI(peer.RelayAddress)
-
-	for i, route := range peer.Networks {
-		peer.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeIPString(route)
-	}
-
-	for i, route := range peer.Networks {
-		peer.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
-	}
-
-	for i, route := range peer.Routes {
-		peer.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeIPString(route)
-	}
-
-	for i, route := range peer.Routes {
-		peer.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
-	}
-}
-
-func anonymizeOverview(a *anonymize.Anonymizer, overview *statusOutputOverview) {
-	for i, peer := range overview.Peers.Details {
-		peer := peer
-		anonymizePeerDetail(a, &peer)
-		overview.Peers.Details[i] = peer
-	}
-
-	overview.ManagementState.URL = a.AnonymizeURI(overview.ManagementState.URL)
-	overview.ManagementState.Error = a.AnonymizeString(overview.ManagementState.Error)
-	overview.SignalState.URL = a.AnonymizeURI(overview.SignalState.URL)
-	overview.SignalState.Error = a.AnonymizeString(overview.SignalState.Error)
-
-	overview.IP = a.AnonymizeIPString(overview.IP)
-	for i, detail := range overview.Relays.Details {
-		detail.URI = a.AnonymizeURI(detail.URI)
-		detail.Error = a.AnonymizeString(detail.Error)
-		overview.Relays.Details[i] = detail
-	}
-
-	for i, nsGroup := range overview.NSServerGroups {
-		for j, domain := range nsGroup.Domains {
-			overview.NSServerGroups[i].Domains[j] = a.AnonymizeDomain(domain)
-		}
-		for j, ns := range nsGroup.Servers {
-			host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(ns)
-			if err == nil {
-				overview.NSServerGroups[i].Servers[j] = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", a.AnonymizeIPString(host), port)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for i, route := range overview.Networks {
-		overview.Networks[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
-	}
-
-	for i, route := range overview.Routes {
-		overview.Routes[i] = a.AnonymizeRoute(route)
-	}
-
-	overview.FQDN = a.AnonymizeDomain(overview.FQDN)
-}

client/cmd/status_test.go

@@ -1,597 +1,11 @@
 package cmd
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"runtime"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/durationpb"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version"
 )
 
-func init() {
-	loc, err := time.LoadLocation("UTC")
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-
-	time.Local = loc
-}
-
-var resp = &proto.StatusResponse{
-	Status: "Connected",
-	FullStatus: &proto.FullStatus{
-		Peers: []*proto.PeerState{
-			{
-				IP:                         "192.168.178.101",
-				PubKey:                     "Pubkey1",
-				Fqdn:                       "peer-1.awesome-domain.com",
-				ConnStatus:                 "Connected",
-				ConnStatusUpdate:           timestamppb.New(time.Date(2001, time.Month(1), 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, time.UTC)),
-				Relayed:                    false,
-				LocalIceCandidateType:      "",
-				RemoteIceCandidateType:     "",
-				LocalIceCandidateEndpoint:  "",
-				RemoteIceCandidateEndpoint: "",
-				LastWireguardHandshake:     timestamppb.New(time.Date(2001, time.Month(1), 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, time.UTC)),
-				BytesRx:                    200,
-				BytesTx:                    100,
-				Networks: []string{
-					"10.1.0.0/24",
-				},
-				Latency: durationpb.New(time.Duration(10000000)),
-			},
-			{
-				IP:                         "192.168.178.102",
-				PubKey:                     "Pubkey2",
-				Fqdn:                       "peer-2.awesome-domain.com",
-				ConnStatus:                 "Connected",
-				ConnStatusUpdate:           timestamppb.New(time.Date(2002, time.Month(2), 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, time.UTC)),
-				Relayed:                    true,
-				LocalIceCandidateType:      "relay",
-				RemoteIceCandidateType:     "prflx",
-				LocalIceCandidateEndpoint:  "10.0.0.1:10001",
-				RemoteIceCandidateEndpoint: "10.0.10.1:10002",
-				LastWireguardHandshake:     timestamppb.New(time.Date(2002, time.Month(2), 2, 2, 2, 3, 0, time.UTC)),
-				BytesRx:                    2000,
-				BytesTx:                    1000,
-				Latency:                    durationpb.New(time.Duration(10000000)),
-			},
-		},
-		ManagementState: &proto.ManagementState{
-			URL:       "my-awesome-management.com:443",
-			Connected: true,
-			Error:     "",
-		},
-		SignalState: &proto.SignalState{
-			URL:       "my-awesome-signal.com:443",
-			Connected: true,
-			Error:     "",
-		},
-		Relays: []*proto.RelayState{
-			{
-				URI:       "stun:my-awesome-stun.com:3478",
-				Available: true,
-				Error:     "",
-			},
-			{
-				URI:       "turns:my-awesome-turn.com:443?transport=tcp",
-				Available: false,
-				Error:     "context: deadline exceeded",
-			},
-		},
-		LocalPeerState: &proto.LocalPeerState{
-			IP:              "192.168.178.100/16",
-			PubKey:          "Some-Pub-Key",
-			KernelInterface: true,
-			Fqdn:            "some-localhost.awesome-domain.com",
-			Networks: []string{
-				"10.10.0.0/24",
-			},
-		},
-		DnsServers: []*proto.NSGroupState{
-			{
-				Servers: []string{
-					"8.8.8.8:53",
-				},
-				Domains: nil,
-				Enabled: true,
-				Error:   "",
-			},
-			{
-				Servers: []string{
-					"1.1.1.1:53",
-					"2.2.2.2:53",
-				},
-				Domains: []string{
-					"example.com",
-					"example.net",
-				},
-				Enabled: false,
-				Error:   "timeout",
-			},
-		},
-	},
-	DaemonVersion: "0.14.1",
-}
-
-var overview = statusOutputOverview{
-	Peers: peersStateOutput{
-		Total:     2,
-		Connected: 2,
-		Details: []peerStateDetailOutput{
-			{
-				IP:               "192.168.178.101",
-				PubKey:           "Pubkey1",
-				FQDN:             "peer-1.awesome-domain.com",
-				Status:           "Connected",
-				LastStatusUpdate: time.Date(2001, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, time.UTC),
-				ConnType:         "P2P",
-				IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
-					Local:  "",
-					Remote: "",
-				},
-				IceCandidateEndpoint: iceCandidateType{
-					Local:  "",
-					Remote: "",
-				},
-				LastWireguardHandshake: time.Date(2001, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 0, time.UTC),
-				TransferReceived:       200,
-				TransferSent:           100,
-				Routes: []string{
-					"10.1.0.0/24",
-				},
-				Networks: []string{
-					"10.1.0.0/24",
-				},
-				Latency: time.Duration(10000000),
-			},
-			{
-				IP:               "192.168.178.102",
-				PubKey:           "Pubkey2",
-				FQDN:             "peer-2.awesome-domain.com",
-				Status:           "Connected",
-				LastStatusUpdate: time.Date(2002, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, time.UTC),
-				ConnType:         "Relayed",
-				IceCandidateType: iceCandidateType{
-					Local:  "relay",
-					Remote: "prflx",
-				},
-				IceCandidateEndpoint: iceCandidateType{
-					Local:  "10.0.0.1:10001",
-					Remote: "10.0.10.1:10002",
-				},
-				LastWireguardHandshake: time.Date(2002, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 0, time.UTC),
-				TransferReceived:       2000,
-				TransferSent:           1000,
-				Latency:                time.Duration(10000000),
-			},
-		},
-	},
-	CliVersion:    version.NetbirdVersion(),
-	DaemonVersion: "0.14.1",
-	ManagementState: managementStateOutput{
-		URL:       "my-awesome-management.com:443",
-		Connected: true,
-		Error:     "",
-	},
-	SignalState: signalStateOutput{
-		URL:       "my-awesome-signal.com:443",
-		Connected: true,
-		Error:     "",
-	},
-	Relays: relayStateOutput{
-		Total:     2,
-		Available: 1,
-		Details: []relayStateOutputDetail{
-			{
-				URI:       "stun:my-awesome-stun.com:3478",
-				Available: true,
-				Error:     "",
-			},
-			{
-				URI:       "turns:my-awesome-turn.com:443?transport=tcp",
-				Available: false,
-				Error:     "context: deadline exceeded",
-			},
-		},
-	},
-	IP:              "192.168.178.100/16",
-	PubKey:          "Some-Pub-Key",
-	KernelInterface: true,
-	FQDN:            "some-localhost.awesome-domain.com",
-	NSServerGroups: []nsServerGroupStateOutput{
-		{
-			Servers: []string{
-				"8.8.8.8:53",
-			},
-			Domains: nil,
-			Enabled: true,
-			Error:   "",
-		},
-		{
-			Servers: []string{
-				"1.1.1.1:53",
-				"2.2.2.2:53",
-			},
-			Domains: []string{
-				"example.com",
-				"example.net",
-			},
-			Enabled: false,
-			Error:   "timeout",
-		},
-	},
-	Routes: []string{
-		"10.10.0.0/24",
-	},
-	Networks: []string{
-		"10.10.0.0/24",
-	},
-}
-
-func TestConversionFromFullStatusToOutputOverview(t *testing.T) {
-	convertedResult := convertToStatusOutputOverview(resp)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, overview, convertedResult)
-}
-
-func TestSortingOfPeers(t *testing.T) {
-	peers := []peerStateDetailOutput{
-		{
-			IP: "192.168.178.104",
-		},
-		{
-			IP: "192.168.178.102",
-		},
-		{
-			IP: "192.168.178.101",
-		},
-		{
-			IP: "192.168.178.105",
-		},
-		{
-			IP: "192.168.178.103",
-		},
-	}
-
-	sortPeersByIP(peers)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, peers[3].IP, "192.168.178.104")
-}
-
-func TestParsingToJSON(t *testing.T) {
-	jsonString, _ := parseToJSON(overview)
-
-	//@formatter:off
-	expectedJSONString := `
-        {
-          "peers": {
-            "total": 2,
-            "connected": 2,
-            "details": [
-              {
-                "fqdn": "peer-1.awesome-domain.com",
-                "netbirdIp": "192.168.178.101",
-                "publicKey": "Pubkey1",
-                "status": "Connected",
-                "lastStatusUpdate": "2001-01-01T01:01:01Z",
-                "connectionType": "P2P",
-                "iceCandidateType": {
-                  "local": "",
-                  "remote": ""
-                },
-                "iceCandidateEndpoint": {
-                  "local": "",
-                  "remote": ""
-                },
-				"relayAddress": "",
-                "lastWireguardHandshake": "2001-01-01T01:01:02Z",
-                "transferReceived": 200,
-                "transferSent": 100,
-				"latency": 10000000,
-                "quantumResistance": false,
-                "routes": [
-                  "10.1.0.0/24"
-                ],
-                "networks": [
-                  "10.1.0.0/24"
-                ]
-              },
-              {
-                "fqdn": "peer-2.awesome-domain.com",
-                "netbirdIp": "192.168.178.102",
-                "publicKey": "Pubkey2",
-                "status": "Connected",
-                "lastStatusUpdate": "2002-02-02T02:02:02Z",
-                "connectionType": "Relayed",
-                "iceCandidateType": {
-                  "local": "relay",
-                  "remote": "prflx"
-                },
-                "iceCandidateEndpoint": {
-                  "local": "10.0.0.1:10001",
-                  "remote": "10.0.10.1:10002"
-                },
-				"relayAddress": "",
-                "lastWireguardHandshake": "2002-02-02T02:02:03Z",
-                "transferReceived": 2000,
-                "transferSent": 1000,
-				"latency": 10000000,
-                "quantumResistance": false,
-                "routes": null,
-                "networks": null
-              }
-            ]
-          },
-          "cliVersion": "development",
-          "daemonVersion": "0.14.1",
-          "management": {
-            "url": "my-awesome-management.com:443",
-            "connected": true,
-            "error": ""
-          },
-          "signal": {
-            "url": "my-awesome-signal.com:443",
-            "connected": true,
-            "error": ""
-          },
-          "relays": {
-            "total": 2,
-            "available": 1,
-            "details": [
-              {
-                "uri": "stun:my-awesome-stun.com:3478",
-                "available": true,
-                "error": ""
-              },
-              {
-                "uri": "turns:my-awesome-turn.com:443?transport=tcp",
-                "available": false,
-                "error": "context: deadline exceeded"
-              }
-            ]
-          },
-          "netbirdIp": "192.168.178.100/16",
-          "publicKey": "Some-Pub-Key",
-          "usesKernelInterface": true,
-          "fqdn": "some-localhost.awesome-domain.com",
-          "quantumResistance": false,
-          "quantumResistancePermissive": false,
-          "routes": [
-            "10.10.0.0/24"
-          ],
-          "networks": [
-            "10.10.0.0/24"
-          ],
-          "dnsServers": [
-            {
-              "servers": [
-                "8.8.8.8:53"
-              ],
-              "domains": null,
-              "enabled": true,
-              "error": ""
-            },
-            {
-              "servers": [
-                "1.1.1.1:53",
-                "2.2.2.2:53"
-              ],
-              "domains": [
-                "example.com",
-                "example.net"
-              ],
-              "enabled": false,
-              "error": "timeout"
-            }
-          ]
-        }`
-	// @formatter:on
-
-	var expectedJSON bytes.Buffer
-	require.NoError(t, json.Compact(&expectedJSON, []byte(expectedJSONString)))
-
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedJSON.String(), jsonString)
-}
-
-func TestParsingToYAML(t *testing.T) {
-	yaml, _ := parseToYAML(overview)
-
-	expectedYAML :=
-		`peers:
-    total: 2
-    connected: 2
-    details:
-        - fqdn: peer-1.awesome-domain.com
-          netbirdIp: 192.168.178.101
-          publicKey: Pubkey1
-          status: Connected
-          lastStatusUpdate: 2001-01-01T01:01:01Z
-          connectionType: P2P
-          iceCandidateType:
-            local: ""
-            remote: ""
-          iceCandidateEndpoint:
-            local: ""
-            remote: ""
-          relayAddress: ""
-          lastWireguardHandshake: 2001-01-01T01:01:02Z
-          transferReceived: 200
-          transferSent: 100
-          latency: 10ms
-          quantumResistance: false
-          routes:
-            - 10.1.0.0/24
-          networks:
-            - 10.1.0.0/24
-        - fqdn: peer-2.awesome-domain.com
-          netbirdIp: 192.168.178.102
-          publicKey: Pubkey2
-          status: Connected
-          lastStatusUpdate: 2002-02-02T02:02:02Z
-          connectionType: Relayed
-          iceCandidateType:
-            local: relay
-            remote: prflx
-          iceCandidateEndpoint:
-            local: 10.0.0.1:10001
-            remote: 10.0.10.1:10002
-          relayAddress: ""
-          lastWireguardHandshake: 2002-02-02T02:02:03Z
-          transferReceived: 2000
-          transferSent: 1000
-          latency: 10ms
-          quantumResistance: false
-          routes: []
-          networks: []
-cliVersion: development
-daemonVersion: 0.14.1
-management:
-    url: my-awesome-management.com:443
-    connected: true
-    error: ""
-signal:
-    url: my-awesome-signal.com:443
-    connected: true
-    error: ""
-relays:
-    total: 2
-    available: 1
-    details:
-        - uri: stun:my-awesome-stun.com:3478
-          available: true
-          error: ""
-        - uri: turns:my-awesome-turn.com:443?transport=tcp
-          available: false
-          error: 'context: deadline exceeded'
-netbirdIp: 192.168.178.100/16
-publicKey: Some-Pub-Key
-usesKernelInterface: true
-fqdn: some-localhost.awesome-domain.com
-quantumResistance: false
-quantumResistancePermissive: false
-routes:
-    - 10.10.0.0/24
-networks:
-    - 10.10.0.0/24
-dnsServers:
-    - servers:
-        - 8.8.8.8:53
-      domains: []
-      enabled: true
-      error: ""
-    - servers:
-        - 1.1.1.1:53
-        - 2.2.2.2:53
-      domains:
-        - example.com
-        - example.net
-      enabled: false
-      error: timeout
-`
-
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedYAML, yaml)
-}
-
-func TestParsingToDetail(t *testing.T) {
-	// Calculate time ago based on the fixture dates
-	lastConnectionUpdate1 := timeAgo(overview.Peers.Details[0].LastStatusUpdate)
-	lastHandshake1 := timeAgo(overview.Peers.Details[0].LastWireguardHandshake)
-	lastConnectionUpdate2 := timeAgo(overview.Peers.Details[1].LastStatusUpdate)
-	lastHandshake2 := timeAgo(overview.Peers.Details[1].LastWireguardHandshake)
-
-	detail := parseToFullDetailSummary(overview)
-
-	expectedDetail := fmt.Sprintf(
-		`Peers detail:
- peer-1.awesome-domain.com:
-  NetBird IP: 192.168.178.101
-  Public key: Pubkey1
-  Status: Connected
-  -- detail --
-  Connection type: P2P
-  ICE candidate (Local/Remote): -/-
-  ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): -/-
-  Relay server address: 
-  Last connection update: %s
-  Last WireGuard handshake: %s
-  Transfer status (received/sent) 200 B/100 B
-  Quantum resistance: false
-  Routes: 10.1.0.0/24
-  Networks: 10.1.0.0/24
-  Latency: 10ms
-
- peer-2.awesome-domain.com:
-  NetBird IP: 192.168.178.102
-  Public key: Pubkey2
-  Status: Connected
-  -- detail --
-  Connection type: Relayed
-  ICE candidate (Local/Remote): relay/prflx
-  ICE candidate endpoints (Local/Remote): 10.0.0.1:10001/10.0.10.1:10002
-  Relay server address: 
-  Last connection update: %s
-  Last WireGuard handshake: %s
-  Transfer status (received/sent) 2.0 KiB/1000 B
-  Quantum resistance: false
-  Routes: -
-  Networks: -
-  Latency: 10ms
-
-OS: %s/%s
-Daemon version: 0.14.1
-CLI version: %s
-Management: Connected to my-awesome-management.com:443
-Signal: Connected to my-awesome-signal.com:443
-Relays: 
-  [stun:my-awesome-stun.com:3478] is Available
-  [turns:my-awesome-turn.com:443?transport=tcp] is Unavailable, reason: context: deadline exceeded
-Nameservers: 
-  [8.8.8.8:53] for [.] is Available
-  [1.1.1.1:53, 2.2.2.2:53] for [example.com, example.net] is Unavailable, reason: timeout
-FQDN: some-localhost.awesome-domain.com
-NetBird IP: 192.168.178.100/16
-Interface type: Kernel
-Quantum resistance: false
-Routes: 10.10.0.0/24
-Networks: 10.10.0.0/24
-Peers count: 2/2 Connected
-`, lastConnectionUpdate1, lastHandshake1, lastConnectionUpdate2, lastHandshake2, runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH, overview.CliVersion)
-
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedDetail, detail)
-}
-
-func TestParsingToShortVersion(t *testing.T) {
-	shortVersion := parseGeneralSummary(overview, false, false, false)
-
-	expectedString := fmt.Sprintf("OS: %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH) + `
-Daemon version: 0.14.1
-CLI version: development
-Management: Connected
-Signal: Connected
-Relays: 1/2 Available
-Nameservers: 1/2 Available
-FQDN: some-localhost.awesome-domain.com
-NetBird IP: 192.168.178.100/16
-Interface type: Kernel
-Quantum resistance: false
-Routes: 10.10.0.0/24
-Networks: 10.10.0.0/24
-Peers count: 2/2 Connected
-`
-
-	assert.Equal(t, expectedString, shortVersion)
-}
-
 func TestParsingOfIP(t *testing.T) {
 	InterfaceIP := "192.168.178.123/16"
 
@@ -599,31 +13,3 @@ func TestParsingOfIP(t *testing.T) {
 
 	assert.Equal(t, "192.168.178.123\n", parsedIP)
 }
-
-func TestTimeAgo(t *testing.T) {
-	now := time.Now()
-
-	cases := []struct {
-		name     string
-		input    time.Time
-		expected string
-	}{
-		{"Now", now, "Now"},
-		{"Seconds ago", now.Add(-10 * time.Second), "10 seconds ago"},
-		{"One minute ago", now.Add(-1 * time.Minute), "1 minute ago"},
-		{"Minutes and seconds ago", now.Add(-(1*time.Minute + 30*time.Second)), "1 minute, 30 seconds ago"},
-		{"One hour ago", now.Add(-1 * time.Hour), "1 hour ago"},
-		{"Hours and minutes ago", now.Add(-(2*time.Hour + 15*time.Minute)), "2 hours, 15 minutes ago"},
-		{"One day ago", now.Add(-24 * time.Hour), "1 day ago"},
-		{"Multiple days ago", now.Add(-(72*time.Hour + 20*time.Minute)), "3 days ago"},
-		{"Zero time", time.Time{}, "-"},
-		{"Unix zero time", time.Unix(0, 0), "-"},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range cases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			result := timeAgo(tc.input)
-			assert.Equal(t, tc.expected, result, "Failed %s", tc.name)
-		})
-	}
-}

client/cmd/testutil_test.go

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config, testFile string) (*grpc.
 	}
 
 	secretsManager := mgmt.NewTimeBasedAuthSecretsManager(peersUpdateManager, config.TURNConfig, config.Relay)
-	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, settings.NewManager(store), peersUpdateManager, secretsManager, nil, nil)
+	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, settings.NewManager(store), peersUpdateManager, secretsManager, nil, nil, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

client/cmd/trace.go

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+)
+
+var traceCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "trace <direction> <source-ip> <dest-ip>",
+	Short: "Trace a packet through the firewall",
+	Example: `
+  netbird debug trace in 192.168.1.10 10.10.0.2 -p tcp --sport 12345 --dport 443 --syn --ack
+  netbird debug trace out 10.10.0.1 8.8.8.8 -p udp  --dport 53
+  netbird debug trace in 10.10.0.2 10.10.0.1 -p icmp --type 8 --code 0
+  netbird debug trace in 100.64.1.1 self -p tcp --dport 80`,
+	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(3),
+	RunE: tracePacket,
+}
+
+func init() {
+	debugCmd.AddCommand(traceCmd)
+
+	traceCmd.Flags().StringP("protocol", "p", "tcp", "Protocol (tcp/udp/icmp)")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Uint16("sport", 0, "Source port")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Uint16("dport", 0, "Destination port")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Uint8("icmp-type", 0, "ICMP type")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Uint8("icmp-code", 0, "ICMP code")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("syn", false, "TCP SYN flag")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("ack", false, "TCP ACK flag")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("fin", false, "TCP FIN flag")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("rst", false, "TCP RST flag")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("psh", false, "TCP PSH flag")
+	traceCmd.Flags().Bool("urg", false, "TCP URG flag")
+}
+
+func tracePacket(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	direction := strings.ToLower(args[0])
+	if direction != "in" && direction != "out" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid direction: use 'in' or 'out'")
+	}
+
+	protocol := cmd.Flag("protocol").Value.String()
+	if protocol != "tcp" && protocol != "udp" && protocol != "icmp" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid protocol: use tcp/udp/icmp")
+	}
+
+	sport, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint16("sport")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid source port: %v", err)
+	}
+	dport, err := cmd.Flags().GetUint16("dport")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid destination port: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// For TCP/UDP, generate random ephemeral port (49152-65535) if not specified
+	if protocol != "icmp" {
+		if sport == 0 {
+			sport = uint16(rand.Intn(16383) + 49152)
+		}
+		if dport == 0 {
+			dport = uint16(rand.Intn(16383) + 49152)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var tcpFlags *proto.TCPFlags
+	if protocol == "tcp" {
+		syn, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("syn")
+		ack, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("ack")
+		fin, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("fin")
+		rst, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("rst")
+		psh, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("psh")
+		urg, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("urg")
+
+		tcpFlags = &proto.TCPFlags{
+			Syn: syn,
+			Ack: ack,
+			Fin: fin,
+			Rst: rst,
+			Psh: psh,
+			Urg: urg,
+		}
+	}
+
+	icmpType, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint32("icmp-type")
+	icmpCode, _ := cmd.Flags().GetUint32("icmp-code")
+
+	conn, err := getClient(cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+	resp, err := client.TracePacket(cmd.Context(), &proto.TracePacketRequest{
+		SourceIp:        args[1],
+		DestinationIp:   args[2],
+		Protocol:        protocol,
+		SourcePort:      uint32(sport),
+		DestinationPort: uint32(dport),
+		Direction:       direction,
+		TcpFlags:        tcpFlags,
+		IcmpType:        &icmpType,
+		IcmpCode:        &icmpCode,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("trace failed: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
+	}
+
+	printTrace(cmd, args[1], args[2], protocol, sport, dport, resp)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func printTrace(cmd *cobra.Command, src, dst, proto string, sport, dport uint16, resp *proto.TracePacketResponse) {
+	cmd.Printf("Packet trace %s:%d -> %s:%d (%s)\n\n", src, sport, dst, dport, strings.ToUpper(proto))
+
+	for _, stage := range resp.Stages {
+		if stage.ForwardingDetails != nil {
+			cmd.Printf("%s: %s [%s]\n", stage.Name, stage.Message, *stage.ForwardingDetails)
+		} else {
+			cmd.Printf("%s: %s\n", stage.Name, stage.Message)
+		}
+	}
+
+	disposition := map[bool]string{
+		true:  "\033[32mALLOWED\033[0m", // Green
+		false: "\033[31mDENIED\033[0m",  // Red
+	}[resp.FinalDisposition]
+
+	cmd.Printf("\nFinal disposition: %s\n", disposition)
+}

client/cmd/up.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
@@ -29,9 +30,16 @@ const (
 	interfaceInputType
 )
 
+const (
+	dnsLabelsFlag = "extra-dns-labels"
+)
+
 var (
-	foregroundMode bool
-	upCmd          = &cobra.Command{
+	foregroundMode     bool
+	dnsLabels          []string
+	dnsLabelsValidated domain.List
+
+	upCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "up",
 		Short: "install, login and start Netbird client",
 		RunE:  upFunc,
@@ -49,6 +57,14 @@ func init() {
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&extraIFaceBlackList, extraIFaceBlackListFlag, nil, "Extra list of default interfaces to ignore for listening")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().DurationVar(&dnsRouteInterval, dnsRouteIntervalFlag, time.Minute, "DNS route update interval")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&blockLANAccess, blockLANAccessFlag, false, "Block access to local networks (LAN) when using this peer as a router or exit node")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&dnsLabels, dnsLabelsFlag, nil,
+		`Sets DNS labels`+
+			`You can specify a comma-separated list of up to 32 labels. `+
+			`An empty string "" clears the previous configuration. `+
+			`E.g. --extra-dns-labels vpc1 or --extra-dns-labels vpc1,mgmt1 `+
+			`or --extra-dns-labels ""`,
+	)
 }
 
 func upFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -67,6 +83,11 @@ func upFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	dnsLabelsValidated, err = validateDnsLabels(dnsLabels)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
 	ctx := internal.CtxInitState(cmd.Context())
 
 	if hostName != "" {
@@ -98,6 +119,7 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		NATExternalIPs:      natExternalIPs,
 		CustomDNSAddress:    customDNSAddressConverted,
 		ExtraIFaceBlackList: extraIFaceBlackList,
+		DNSLabels:           dnsLabelsValidated,
 	}
 
 	if cmd.Flag(enableRosenpassFlag).Changed {
@@ -240,6 +262,8 @@ func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		IsLinuxDesktopClient: isLinuxRunningDesktop(),
 		Hostname:             hostName,
 		ExtraIFaceBlacklist:  extraIFaceBlackList,
+		DnsLabels:            dnsLabels,
+		CleanDNSLabels:       dnsLabels != nil && len(dnsLabels) == 0,
 	}
 
 	if rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Changed(preSharedKeyFlag) {
@@ -430,6 +454,24 @@ func parseCustomDNSAddress(modified bool) ([]byte, error) {
 	return parsed, nil
 }
 
+func validateDnsLabels(labels []string) (domain.List, error) {
+	var (
+		domains domain.List
+		err     error
+	)
+
+	if len(labels) == 0 {
+		return domains, nil
+	}
+
+	domains, err = domain.ValidateDomains(labels)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate dns labels: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return domains, nil
+}
+
 func isValidAddrPort(input string) bool {
 	if input == "" {
 		return true

client/embed/doc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+// Package embed provides a way to embed the NetBird client directly
+// into Go programs without requiring a separate NetBird client installation.
+package embed
+
+// Basic Usage:
+//
+//	client, err := embed.New(embed.Options{
+//	    DeviceName:    "my-service",
+//	    SetupKey:      os.Getenv("NB_SETUP_KEY"),
+//	    ManagementURL: os.Getenv("NB_MANAGEMENT_URL"),
+//	})
+//	if err != nil {
+//	    log.Fatal(err)
+//	}
+//
+//	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+//	defer cancel()
+//	if err := client.Start(ctx); err != nil {
+//	    log.Fatal(err)
+//	}
+//
+// Complete HTTP Server Example:
+//
+//	package main
+//
+//	import (
+//	    "context"
+//	    "fmt"
+//	    "log"
+//	    "net/http"
+//	    "os"
+//	    "os/signal"
+//	    "syscall"
+//	    "time"
+//
+//	    netbird "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/embed"
+//	)
+//
+//	func main() {
+//	    // Create client with setup key and device name
+//	    client, err := netbird.New(netbird.Options{
+//	        DeviceName:    "http-server",
+//	        SetupKey:      os.Getenv("NB_SETUP_KEY"),
+//	        ManagementURL: os.Getenv("NB_MANAGEMENT_URL"),
+//	        LogOutput:     io.Discard,
+//	    })
+//	    if err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    // Start with timeout
+//	    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+//	    defer cancel()
+//	    if err := client.Start(ctx); err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    // Create HTTP server
+//	    mux := http.NewServeMux()
+//	    mux.HandleFunc("/", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+//	        fmt.Printf("Request from %s: %s %s\n", r.RemoteAddr, r.Method, r.URL.Path)
+//	        fmt.Fprintf(w, "Hello from netbird!")
+//	    })
+//
+//	    // Listen on netbird network
+//	    l, err := client.ListenTCP(":8080")
+//	    if err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    server := &http.Server{Handler: mux}
+//	    go func() {
+//	        if err := server.Serve(l); !errors.Is(err, http.ErrServerClosed) {
+//	            log.Printf("HTTP server error: %v", err)
+//	        }
+//	    }()
+//
+//	    log.Printf("HTTP server listening on netbird network port 8080")
+//
+//	    // Handle shutdown
+//	    stop := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+//	    signal.Notify(stop, syscall.SIGINT, syscall.SIGTERM)
+//	    <-stop
+//
+//	    shutdownCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+//	    defer cancel()
+//
+//	    if err := server.Shutdown(shutdownCtx); err != nil {
+//	        log.Printf("HTTP shutdown error: %v", err)
+//	    }
+//	    if err := client.Stop(shutdownCtx); err != nil {
+//	        log.Printf("Netbird shutdown error: %v", err)
+//	    }
+//	}
+//
+// Complete HTTP Client Example:
+//
+//	package main
+//
+//	import (
+//	    "context"
+//	    "fmt"
+//	    "io"
+//	    "log"
+//	    "os"
+//	    "time"
+//
+//	    netbird "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/embed"
+//	)
+//
+//	func main() {
+//	    // Create client with setup key and device name
+//	    client, err := netbird.New(netbird.Options{
+//	        DeviceName:    "http-client",
+//	        SetupKey:      os.Getenv("NB_SETUP_KEY"),
+//	        ManagementURL: os.Getenv("NB_MANAGEMENT_URL"),
+//	        LogOutput:     io.Discard,
+//	    })
+//	    if err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    // Start with timeout
+//	    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 30*time.Second)
+//	    defer cancel()
+//
+//	    if err := client.Start(ctx); err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    // Create HTTP client that uses netbird network
+//	    httpClient := client.NewHTTPClient()
+//	    httpClient.Timeout = 10 * time.Second
+//
+//	    // Make request to server in netbird network
+//	    target := os.Getenv("NB_TARGET")
+//	    resp, err := httpClient.Get(target)
+//	    if err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//	    defer resp.Body.Close()
+//
+//	    // Read and print response
+//	    body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+//	    if err != nil {
+//	        log.Fatal(err)
+//	    }
+//
+//	    fmt.Printf("Response from server: %s\n", string(body))
+//
+//	    // Clean shutdown
+//	    shutdownCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+//	    defer cancel()
+//
+//	    if err := client.Stop(shutdownCtx); err != nil {
+//	        log.Printf("Netbird shutdown error: %v", err)
+//	    }
+//	}
+//
+// The package provides several methods for network operations:
+//   - Dial: Creates outbound connections
+//   - ListenTCP: Creates TCP listeners
+//   - ListenUDP: Creates UDP listeners
+//
+// By default, the embed package uses userspace networking mode, which doesn't
+// require root/admin privileges. For production deployments, consider setting
+// appropriate config and state paths for persistence.

client/embed/embed.go

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+package embed
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	wgnetstack "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
+)
+
+var ErrClientAlreadyStarted = errors.New("client already started")
+var ErrClientNotStarted = errors.New("client not started")
+
+// Client manages a netbird embedded client instance
+type Client struct {
+	deviceName string
+	config     *internal.Config
+	mu         sync.Mutex
+	cancel     context.CancelFunc
+	setupKey   string
+	connect    *internal.ConnectClient
+}
+
+// Options configures a new Client
+type Options struct {
+	// DeviceName is this peer's name in the network
+	DeviceName string
+	// SetupKey is used for authentication
+	SetupKey string
+	// ManagementURL overrides the default management server URL
+	ManagementURL string
+	// PreSharedKey is the pre-shared key for the WireGuard interface
+	PreSharedKey string
+	// LogOutput is the output destination for logs (defaults to os.Stderr if nil)
+	LogOutput io.Writer
+	// LogLevel sets the logging level (defaults to info if empty)
+	LogLevel string
+	// NoUserspace disables the userspace networking mode. Needs admin/root privileges
+	NoUserspace bool
+	// ConfigPath is the path to the netbird config file. If empty, the config will be stored in memory and not persisted.
+	ConfigPath string
+	// StatePath is the path to the netbird state file
+	StatePath string
+	// DisableClientRoutes disables the client routes
+	DisableClientRoutes bool
+}
+
+// New creates a new netbird embedded client
+func New(opts Options) (*Client, error) {
+	if opts.LogOutput != nil {
+		logrus.SetOutput(opts.LogOutput)
+	}
+
+	if opts.LogLevel != "" {
+		level, err := logrus.ParseLevel(opts.LogLevel)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse log level: %w", err)
+		}
+		logrus.SetLevel(level)
+	}
+
+	if !opts.NoUserspace {
+		if err := os.Setenv(netstack.EnvUseNetstackMode, "true"); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("setenv: %w", err)
+		}
+		if err := os.Setenv(netstack.EnvSkipProxy, "true"); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("setenv: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if opts.StatePath != "" {
+		// TODO: Disable state if path not provided
+		if err := os.Setenv("NB_DNS_STATE_FILE", opts.StatePath); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("setenv: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	t := true
+	var config *internal.Config
+	var err error
+	input := internal.ConfigInput{
+		ConfigPath:          opts.ConfigPath,
+		ManagementURL:       opts.ManagementURL,
+		PreSharedKey:        &opts.PreSharedKey,
+		DisableServerRoutes: &t,
+		DisableClientRoutes: &opts.DisableClientRoutes,
+	}
+	if opts.ConfigPath != "" {
+		config, err = internal.UpdateOrCreateConfig(input)
+	} else {
+		config, err = internal.CreateInMemoryConfig(input)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return &Client{
+		deviceName: opts.DeviceName,
+		setupKey:   opts.SetupKey,
+		config:     config,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Start begins client operation and blocks until the engine has been started successfully or a startup error occurs.
+// Pass a context with a deadline to limit the time spent waiting for the engine to start.
+func (c *Client) Start(startCtx context.Context) error {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+	if c.cancel != nil {
+		return ErrClientAlreadyStarted
+	}
+
+	ctx := internal.CtxInitState(context.Background())
+	// nolint:staticcheck
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, system.DeviceNameCtxKey, c.deviceName)
+	if err := internal.Login(ctx, c.config, c.setupKey, ""); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("login: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	recorder := peer.NewRecorder(c.config.ManagementURL.String())
+	client := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, c.config, recorder)
+
+	// either startup error (permanent backoff err) or nil err (successful engine up)
+	// TODO: make after-startup backoff err available
+	run := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		if err := client.Run(run); err != nil {
+			run <- err
+		}
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-startCtx.Done():
+		if stopErr := client.Stop(); stopErr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("stop error after context done. Stop error: %w. Context done: %w", stopErr, startCtx.Err())
+		}
+		return startCtx.Err()
+	case err := <-run:
+		if err != nil {
+			if stopErr := client.Stop(); stopErr != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("stop error after failed to startup. Stop error: %w. Start error: %w", stopErr, err)
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("startup: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	c.connect = client
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Stop gracefully stops the client.
+// Pass a context with a deadline to limit the time spent waiting for the engine to stop.
+func (c *Client) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	defer c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if c.connect == nil {
+		return ErrClientNotStarted
+	}
+
+	done := make(chan error, 1)
+	go func() {
+		done <- c.connect.Stop()
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		c.cancel = nil
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case err := <-done:
+		c.cancel = nil
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("stop: %w", err)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// Dial dials a network address in the netbird network.
+// Not applicable if the userspace networking mode is disabled.
+func (c *Client) Dial(ctx context.Context, network, address string) (net.Conn, error) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	connect := c.connect
+	if connect == nil {
+		c.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil, ErrClientNotStarted
+	}
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	engine := connect.Engine()
+	if engine == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("engine not started")
+	}
+
+	nsnet, err := engine.GetNet()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get net: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nsnet.DialContext(ctx, network, address)
+}
+
+// ListenTCP listens on the given address in the netbird network
+// Not applicable if the userspace networking mode is disabled.
+func (c *Client) ListenTCP(address string) (net.Listener, error) {
+	nsnet, addr, err := c.getNet()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split host port: %w", err)
+	}
+	listenAddr := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", addr, port)
+
+	tcpAddr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", listenAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("resolve: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nsnet.ListenTCP(tcpAddr)
+}
+
+// ListenUDP listens on the given address in the netbird network
+// Not applicable if the userspace networking mode is disabled.
+func (c *Client) ListenUDP(address string) (net.PacketConn, error) {
+	nsnet, addr, err := c.getNet()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	_, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(address)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("split host port: %w", err)
+	}
+	listenAddr := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", addr, port)
+
+	udpAddr, err := net.ResolveUDPAddr("udp", listenAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("resolve: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nsnet.ListenUDP(udpAddr)
+}
+
+// NewHTTPClient returns a configured http.Client that uses the netbird network for requests.
+// Not applicable if the userspace networking mode is disabled.
+func (c *Client) NewHTTPClient() *http.Client {
+	transport := &http.Transport{
+		DialContext: c.Dial,
+	}
+
+	return &http.Client{
+		Transport: transport,
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *Client) getNet() (*wgnetstack.Net, netip.Addr, error) {
+	c.mu.Lock()
+	connect := c.connect
+	if connect == nil {
+		c.mu.Unlock()
+		return nil, netip.Addr{}, errors.New("client not started")
+	}
+	c.mu.Unlock()
+
+	engine := connect.Engine()
+	if engine == nil {
+		return nil, netip.Addr{}, errors.New("engine not started")
+	}
+
+	addr, err := engine.Address()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, netip.Addr{}, fmt.Errorf("engine address: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	nsnet, err := engine.GetNet()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, netip.Addr{}, fmt.Errorf("get net: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return nsnet, addr, nil
+}

client/firewall/create.go

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ import (
 )
 
 // NewFirewall creates a firewall manager instance
-func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, _ *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, _ *statemanager.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	if !iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("not implemented for this OS: %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 
 	// use userspace packet filtering firewall
-	fm, err := uspfilter.Create(iface)
+	fm, err := uspfilter.Create(iface, disableServerRoutes)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

client/firewall/create_linux.go

@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ const SKIP_NFTABLES_ENV = "NB_SKIP_NFTABLES_CHECK"
 // FWType is the type for the firewall type
 type FWType int
 
-func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	// on the linux system we try to user nftables or iptables
 	// in any case, because we need to allow netbird interface traffic
 	// so we use AllowNetbird traffic from these firewall managers
 	// for the userspace packet filtering firewall
-	fm, err := createNativeFirewall(iface, stateManager)
+	fm, err := createNativeFirewall(iface, stateManager, disableServerRoutes)
 
 	if !iface.IsUserspaceBind() {
 		return fm, err
@@ -47,10 +47,10 @@ func NewFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) (firewal
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Warnf("failed to create native firewall: %v. Proceeding with userspace", err)
 	}
-	return createUserspaceFirewall(iface, fm)
+	return createUserspaceFirewall(iface, fm, disableServerRoutes)
 }
 
-func createNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func createNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, stateManager *statemanager.Manager, routes bool) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	fm, err := createFW(iface)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create firewall: %s", err)
@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@ func createFW(iface IFaceMapper) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	}
 }
 
-func createUserspaceFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, fm firewall.Manager) (firewall.Manager, error) {
+func createUserspaceFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, fm firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool) (firewall.Manager, error) {
 	var errUsp error
 	if fm != nil {
-		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface, fm)
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface, fm, disableServerRoutes)
 	} else {
-		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.Create(iface)
+		fm, errUsp = uspfilter.Create(iface, disableServerRoutes)
 	}
 
 	if errUsp != nil {

client/firewall/iface.go

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package firewall
 
 import (
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
 
@@ -10,4 +12,6 @@ type IFaceMapper interface {
 	Address() device.WGAddress
 	IsUserspaceBind() bool
 	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
+	GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+	GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device
 }

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux.go

@@ -213,6 +213,19 @@ func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
 func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
 
+// SetLogLevel sets the log level for the firewall manager
+func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
+	// not supported
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func getConntrackEstablished() []string {
 	return []string{"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"}
 }

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux.go

@@ -135,7 +135,16 @@ func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 	}
 
 	rule := genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...); err != nil {
+	// Insert DROP rules at the beginning, append ACCEPT rules at the end
+	var err error
+	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+		// after the established rule
+		err = r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, 2, rule...)
+	} else {
+		err = r.iptablesClient.Append(tableFilter, chainRTFWD, rule...)
+	}
+
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("add route rule: %v", err)
 	}
 

client/firewall/manager/firewall.go

@@ -99,6 +99,12 @@ type Manager interface {
 
 	// Flush the changes to firewall controller
 	Flush() error
+
+	SetLogLevel(log.Level)
+
+	EnableRouting() error
+
+	DisableRouting() error
 }
 
 func GenKey(format string, pair RouterPair) string {

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux.go

@@ -318,6 +318,19 @@ func (m *Manager) cleanupNetbirdTables() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// SetLogLevel sets the log level for the firewall manager
+func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
+	// not supported
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Flush rule/chain/set operations from the buffer
 //
 // Method also get all rules after flush and refreshes handle values in the rulesets

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 			Kind: expr.VerdictAccept,
 		},
 	}
-	require.ElementsMatch(t, rules[0].Exprs, expectedExprs1, "expected the same expressions")
+	compareExprsIgnoringCounters(t, rules[0].Exprs, expectedExprs1)
 
 	ipToAdd, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
 	add := ipToAdd.Unmap()
@@ -307,3 +307,18 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptables(t *testing.T) {
 	stdout, stderr = runIptablesSave(t)
 	verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
 }
+
+func compareExprsIgnoringCounters(t *testing.T, got, want []expr.Any) {
+	t.Helper()
+	require.Equal(t, len(got), len(want), "expression count mismatch")
+
+	for i := range got {
+		if _, isCounter := got[i].(*expr.Counter); isCounter {
+			_, wantIsCounter := want[i].(*expr.Counter)
+			require.True(t, wantIsCounter, "expected Counter at index %d", i)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		require.Equal(t, got[i], want[i], "expression mismatch at index %d", i)
+	}
+}

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux.go

@@ -233,7 +233,13 @@ func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
 	}
 
-	rule = r.conn.AddRule(rule)
+	// Insert DROP rules at the beginning, append ACCEPT rules at the end
+	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+		// TODO: Insert after the established rule
+		rule = r.conn.InsertRule(rule)
+	} else {
+		rule = r.conn.AddRule(rule)
+	}
 
 	log.Tracef("Adding route rule %s", spew.Sdump(rule))
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird.go

@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
 package uspfilter
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
@@ -17,17 +22,29 @@ func (m *Manager) Reset(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 
 	if m.udpTracker != nil {
 		m.udpTracker.Close()
-		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger)
 	}
 
 	if m.icmpTracker != nil {
 		m.icmpTracker.Close()
-		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger)
 	}
 
 	if m.tcpTracker != nil {
 		m.tcpTracker.Close()
-		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger)
+	}
+
+	if m.forwarder != nil {
+		m.forwarder.Stop()
+	}
+
+	if m.logger != nil {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		if err := m.logger.Stop(ctx); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to shutdown logger: %v", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if m.nativeFirewall != nil {

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird_windows.go

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 package uspfilter
 
 import (
+	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os/exec"
 	"syscall"
+	"time"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
@@ -29,17 +31,29 @@ func (m *Manager) Reset(*statemanager.Manager) error {
 
 	if m.udpTracker != nil {
 		m.udpTracker.Close()
-		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger)
 	}
 
 	if m.icmpTracker != nil {
 		m.icmpTracker.Close()
-		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger)
 	}
 
 	if m.tcpTracker != nil {
 		m.tcpTracker.Close()
-		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger)
+	}
+
+	if m.forwarder != nil {
+		m.forwarder.Stop()
+	}
+
+	if m.logger != nil {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Second)
+		defer cancel()
+		if err := m.logger.Stop(ctx); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to shutdown logger: %v", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if !isWindowsFirewallReachable() {

client/firewall/uspfilter/common/iface.go

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+// IFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
+type IFaceMapper interface {
+	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
+	Address() iface.WGAddress
+	GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device
+	GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common.go

@@ -10,12 +10,11 @@ import (
 
 // BaseConnTrack provides common fields and locking for all connection types
 type BaseConnTrack struct {
-	SourceIP    net.IP
-	DestIP      net.IP
-	SourcePort  uint16
-	DestPort    uint16
-	lastSeen    atomic.Int64 // Unix nano for atomic access
-	established atomic.Bool
+	SourceIP   net.IP
+	DestIP     net.IP
+	SourcePort uint16
+	DestPort   uint16
+	lastSeen   atomic.Int64 // Unix nano for atomic access
 }
 
 // these small methods will be inlined by the compiler
@@ -25,16 +24,6 @@ func (b *BaseConnTrack) UpdateLastSeen() {
 	b.lastSeen.Store(time.Now().UnixNano())
 }
 
-// IsEstablished safely checks if connection is established
-func (b *BaseConnTrack) IsEstablished() bool {
-	return b.established.Load()
-}
-
-// SetEstablished safely sets the established state
-func (b *BaseConnTrack) SetEstablished(state bool) {
-	b.established.Store(state)
-}
-
 // GetLastSeen safely gets the last seen timestamp
 func (b *BaseConnTrack) GetLastSeen() time.Time {
 	return time.Unix(0, b.lastSeen.Load())

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common_test.go

@@ -3,8 +3,14 @@ package conntrack
 import (
 	"net"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 )
 
+var logger = log.NewFromLogrus(logrus.StandardLogger())
+
 func BenchmarkIPOperations(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("MakeIPAddr", func(b *testing.B) {
 		ip := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -34,37 +40,11 @@ func BenchmarkIPOperations(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 }
-func BenchmarkAtomicOperations(b *testing.B) {
-	conn := &BaseConnTrack{}
-	b.Run("UpdateLastSeen", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			conn.UpdateLastSeen()
-		}
-	})
-
-	b.Run("IsEstablished", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			_ = conn.IsEstablished()
-		}
-	})
-
-	b.Run("SetEstablished", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			conn.SetEstablished(i%2 == 0)
-		}
-	})
-
-	b.Run("GetLastSeen", func(b *testing.B) {
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			_ = conn.GetLastSeen()
-		}
-	})
-}
 
 // Memory pressure tests
 func BenchmarkMemoryPressure(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("TCPHighLoad", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		// Generate different IPs
@@ -89,7 +69,7 @@ func BenchmarkMemoryPressure(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("UDPHighLoad", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		// Generate different IPs

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@ type ICMPConnTrack struct {
 
 // ICMPTracker manages ICMP connection states
 type ICMPTracker struct {
+	logger        *nblog.Logger
 	connections   map[ICMPConnKey]*ICMPConnTrack
 	timeout       time.Duration
 	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
@@ -42,12 +45,13 @@ type ICMPTracker struct {
 }
 
 // NewICMPTracker creates a new ICMP connection tracker
-func NewICMPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *ICMPTracker {
+func NewICMPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger) *ICMPTracker {
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		timeout = DefaultICMPTimeout
 	}
 
 	tracker := &ICMPTracker{
+		logger:        logger,
 		connections:   make(map[ICMPConnKey]*ICMPConnTrack),
 		timeout:       timeout,
 		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(ICMPCleanupInterval),
@@ -62,7 +66,6 @@ func NewICMPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *ICMPTracker {
 // TrackOutbound records an outbound ICMP Echo Request
 func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq uint16) {
 	key := makeICMPKey(srcIP, dstIP, id, seq)
-	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
@@ -80,24 +83,19 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq u
 			ID:       id,
 			Sequence: seq,
 		}
-		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
-		conn.established.Store(true)
+		conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 		t.connections[key] = conn
+
+		t.logger.Trace("New ICMP connection %v", key)
 	}
 	t.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 }
 
 // IsValidInbound checks if an inbound ICMP Echo Reply matches a tracked request
 func (t *ICMPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq uint16, icmpType uint8) bool {
-	switch icmpType {
-	case uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeDestinationUnreachable),
-		uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeTimeExceeded):
-		return true
-	case uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoReply):
-		// continue processing
-	default:
+	if icmpType != uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoReply) {
 		return false
 	}
 
@@ -115,8 +113,7 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, id uint16, seq
 		return false
 	}
 
-	return conn.IsEstablished() &&
-		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
+	return ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
 		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(dstIP), conn.SourceIP) &&
 		conn.ID == id &&
 		conn.Sequence == seq
@@ -141,6 +138,8 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) cleanup() {
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
 			delete(t.connections, key)
+
+			t.logger.Debug("Removed ICMP connection %v (timeout)", key)
 		}
 	}
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp_test.go

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 func BenchmarkICMPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func BenchmarkICMPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewICMPTracker(DefaultICMPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp.go

@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@ package conntrack
 import (
 	"net"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
+
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -61,12 +64,24 @@ type TCPConnKey struct {
 // TCPConnTrack represents a TCP connection state
 type TCPConnTrack struct {
 	BaseConnTrack
-	State TCPState
+	State       TCPState
+	established atomic.Bool
 	sync.RWMutex
 }
 
+// IsEstablished safely checks if connection is established
+func (t *TCPConnTrack) IsEstablished() bool {
+	return t.established.Load()
+}
+
+// SetEstablished safely sets the established state
+func (t *TCPConnTrack) SetEstablished(state bool) {
+	t.established.Store(state)
+}
+
 // TCPTracker manages TCP connection states
 type TCPTracker struct {
+	logger        *nblog.Logger
 	connections   map[ConnKey]*TCPConnTrack
 	mutex         sync.RWMutex
 	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
@@ -76,8 +91,9 @@ type TCPTracker struct {
 }
 
 // NewTCPTracker creates a new TCP connection tracker
-func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *TCPTracker {
+func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger) *TCPTracker {
 	tracker := &TCPTracker{
+		logger:        logger,
 		connections:   make(map[ConnKey]*TCPConnTrack),
 		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(TCPCleanupInterval),
 		done:          make(chan struct{}),
@@ -93,7 +109,6 @@ func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *TCPTracker {
 func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8) {
 	// Create key before lock
 	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
-	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
@@ -113,9 +128,11 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, d
 			},
 			State: TCPStateNew,
 		}
-		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+		conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 		conn.established.Store(false)
 		t.connections[key] = conn
+
+		t.logger.Trace("New TCP connection: %s:%d -> %s:%d", srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
 	}
 	t.mutex.Unlock()
 
@@ -123,7 +140,7 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, d
 	conn.Lock()
 	t.updateState(conn, flags, true)
 	conn.Unlock()
-	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 }
 
 // IsValidInbound checks if an inbound TCP packet matches a tracked connection
@@ -171,6 +188,9 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, isOutbound boo
 	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
 		conn.State = TCPStateClosed
 		conn.SetEstablished(false)
+
+		t.logger.Trace("TCP connection reset: %s:%d -> %s:%d",
+			conn.SourceIP, conn.SourcePort, conn.DestIP, conn.DestPort)
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -227,6 +247,9 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, isOutbound boo
 		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
 			conn.State = TCPStateTimeWait
 			// Keep established = false from previous state
+
+			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection closed (simultaneous) - %s:%d -> %s:%d",
+				conn.SourceIP, conn.SourcePort, conn.DestIP, conn.DestPort)
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateCloseWait:
@@ -237,11 +260,17 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, isOutbound boo
 	case TCPStateLastAck:
 		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
 			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
+
+			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection gracefully closed: %s:%d -> %s:%d",
+				conn.SourceIP, conn.SourcePort, conn.DestIP, conn.DestPort)
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateTimeWait:
 		// Stay in TIME-WAIT for 2MSL before transitioning to closed
 		// This is handled by the cleanup routine
+
+		t.logger.Trace("TCP connection completed - %s:%d -> %s:%d",
+			conn.SourceIP, conn.SourcePort, conn.DestIP, conn.DestPort)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -318,6 +347,8 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) cleanup() {
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
 			delete(t.connections, key)
+
+			t.logger.Trace("Cleaned up TCP connection: %s:%d -> %s:%d", conn.SourceIP, conn.SourcePort, conn.DestIP, conn.DestPort)
 		}
 	}
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp_test.go

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestTCPStateMachine(t *testing.T) {
-	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 	defer tracker.Close()
 
 	srcIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.1")
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ func TestTCPStateMachine(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Helper()
 
-				tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+				tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 				tt.test(t)
 			})
 		}
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ func TestTCPStateMachine(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestRSTHandling(t *testing.T) {
-	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 	defer tracker.Close()
 
 	srcIP := net.ParseIP("100.64.0.1")
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ func establishConnection(t *testing.T, tracker *TCPTracker, srcIP, dstIP net.IP,
 
 func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("ConcurrentAccess", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 // Benchmark connection cleanup
 func BenchmarkCleanup(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("TCPCleanup", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(100 * time.Millisecond) // Short timeout for testing
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(100*time.Millisecond, logger) // Short timeout for testing
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		// Pre-populate with expired connections

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/udp.go

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
+
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -20,6 +22,7 @@ type UDPConnTrack struct {
 
 // UDPTracker manages UDP connection states
 type UDPTracker struct {
+	logger        *nblog.Logger
 	connections   map[ConnKey]*UDPConnTrack
 	timeout       time.Duration
 	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
@@ -29,12 +32,13 @@ type UDPTracker struct {
 }
 
 // NewUDPTracker creates a new UDP connection tracker
-func NewUDPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *UDPTracker {
+func NewUDPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger) *UDPTracker {
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		timeout = DefaultUDPTimeout
 	}
 
 	tracker := &UDPTracker{
+		logger:        logger,
 		connections:   make(map[ConnKey]*UDPConnTrack),
 		timeout:       timeout,
 		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(UDPCleanupInterval),
@@ -49,7 +53,6 @@ func NewUDPTracker(timeout time.Duration) *UDPTracker {
 // TrackOutbound records an outbound UDP connection
 func (t *UDPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16) {
 	key := makeConnKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
-	now := time.Now().UnixNano()
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
@@ -67,13 +70,14 @@ func (t *UDPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16, d
 				DestPort:   dstPort,
 			},
 		}
-		conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
-		conn.established.Store(true)
+		conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 		t.connections[key] = conn
+
+		t.logger.Trace("New UDP connection: %v", conn)
 	}
 	t.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	conn.lastSeen.Store(now)
+	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
 }
 
 // IsValidInbound checks if an inbound packet matches a tracked connection
@@ -92,8 +96,7 @@ func (t *UDPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort uint16,
 		return false
 	}
 
-	return conn.IsEstablished() &&
-		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
+	return ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(srcIP), conn.DestIP) &&
 		ValidateIPs(MakeIPAddr(dstIP), conn.SourceIP) &&
 		conn.DestPort == srcPort &&
 		conn.SourcePort == dstPort
@@ -120,6 +123,8 @@ func (t *UDPTracker) cleanup() {
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.SourceIP)
 			t.ipPool.Put(conn.DestIP)
 			delete(t.connections, key)
+
+			t.logger.Trace("Removed UDP connection %v (timeout)", conn)
 		}
 	}
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/udp_test.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func TestNewUDPTracker(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			tracker := NewUDPTracker(tt.timeout)
+			tracker := NewUDPTracker(tt.timeout, logger)
 			assert.NotNil(t, tracker)
 			assert.Equal(t, tt.wantTimeout, tracker.timeout)
 			assert.NotNil(t, tracker.connections)
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func TestNewUDPTracker(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestUDPTracker_TrackOutbound(t *testing.T) {
-	tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+	tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout, logger)
 	defer tracker.Close()
 
 	srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
@@ -58,12 +58,11 @@ func TestUDPTracker_TrackOutbound(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, conn.DestIP.Equal(dstIP))
 	assert.Equal(t, srcPort, conn.SourcePort)
 	assert.Equal(t, dstPort, conn.DestPort)
-	assert.True(t, conn.IsEstablished())
 	assert.WithinDuration(t, time.Now(), conn.GetLastSeen(), 1*time.Second)
 }
 
 func TestUDPTracker_IsValidInbound(t *testing.T) {
-	tracker := NewUDPTracker(1 * time.Second)
+	tracker := NewUDPTracker(1*time.Second, logger)
 	defer tracker.Close()
 
 	srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2")
@@ -162,6 +161,7 @@ func TestUDPTracker_Cleanup(t *testing.T) {
 		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(cleanupInterval),
 		done:          make(chan struct{}),
 		ipPool:        NewPreallocatedIPs(),
+		logger:        logger,
 	}
 
 	// Start cleanup routine
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ func TestUDPTracker_Cleanup(t *testing.T) {
 
 func BenchmarkUDPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ func BenchmarkUDPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout)
+		tracker := NewUDPTracker(DefaultUDPTimeout, logger)
 		defer tracker.Close()
 
 		srcIP := net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1")

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/endpoint.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package forwarder
+
+import (
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/header"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
+
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
+)
+
+// endpoint implements stack.LinkEndpoint and handles integration with the wireguard device
+type endpoint struct {
+	logger     *nblog.Logger
+	dispatcher stack.NetworkDispatcher
+	device     *wgdevice.Device
+	mtu        uint32
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) Attach(dispatcher stack.NetworkDispatcher) {
+	e.dispatcher = dispatcher
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) IsAttached() bool {
+	return e.dispatcher != nil
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) MTU() uint32 {
+	return e.mtu
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) Capabilities() stack.LinkEndpointCapabilities {
+	return stack.CapabilityNone
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) MaxHeaderLength() uint16 {
+	return 0
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) LinkAddress() tcpip.LinkAddress {
+	return ""
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) WritePackets(pkts stack.PacketBufferList) (int, tcpip.Error) {
+	var written int
+	for _, pkt := range pkts.AsSlice() {
+		netHeader := header.IPv4(pkt.NetworkHeader().View().AsSlice())
+
+		data := stack.PayloadSince(pkt.NetworkHeader())
+		if data == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Send the packet through WireGuard
+		address := netHeader.DestinationAddress()
+		err := e.device.CreateOutboundPacket(data.AsSlice(), address.AsSlice())
+		if err != nil {
+			e.logger.Error("CreateOutboundPacket: %v", err)
+			continue
+		}
+		written++
+	}
+
+	return written, nil
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) Wait() {
+	// not required
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) ARPHardwareType() header.ARPHardwareType {
+	return header.ARPHardwareNone
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) AddHeader(*stack.PacketBuffer) {
+	// not required
+}
+
+func (e *endpoint) ParseHeader(*stack.PacketBuffer) bool {
+	return true
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/forwarder.go

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package forwarder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"runtime"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/buffer"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/header"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/network/ipv4"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/icmp"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/tcp"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/udp"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultReceiveWindow = 32768
+	defaultMaxInFlight   = 1024
+	iosReceiveWindow     = 16384
+	iosMaxInFlight       = 256
+)
+
+type Forwarder struct {
+	logger       *nblog.Logger
+	stack        *stack.Stack
+	endpoint     *endpoint
+	udpForwarder *udpForwarder
+	ctx          context.Context
+	cancel       context.CancelFunc
+	ip           net.IP
+	netstack     bool
+}
+
+func New(iface common.IFaceMapper, logger *nblog.Logger, netstack bool) (*Forwarder, error) {
+	s := stack.New(stack.Options{
+		NetworkProtocols: []stack.NetworkProtocolFactory{ipv4.NewProtocol},
+		TransportProtocols: []stack.TransportProtocolFactory{
+			tcp.NewProtocol,
+			udp.NewProtocol,
+			icmp.NewProtocol4,
+		},
+		HandleLocal: false,
+	})
+
+	mtu, err := iface.GetDevice().MTU()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get MTU: %w", err)
+	}
+	nicID := tcpip.NICID(1)
+	endpoint := &endpoint{
+		logger: logger,
+		device: iface.GetWGDevice(),
+		mtu:    uint32(mtu),
+	}
+
+	if err := s.CreateNIC(nicID, endpoint); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create NIC: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	ones, _ := iface.Address().Network.Mask.Size()
+	protoAddr := tcpip.ProtocolAddress{
+		Protocol: ipv4.ProtocolNumber,
+		AddressWithPrefix: tcpip.AddressWithPrefix{
+			Address:   tcpip.AddrFromSlice(iface.Address().IP.To4()),
+			PrefixLen: ones,
+		},
+	}
+
+	if err := s.AddProtocolAddress(nicID, protoAddr, stack.AddressProperties{}); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to add protocol address: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	defaultSubnet, err := tcpip.NewSubnet(
+		tcpip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}),
+		tcpip.MaskFromBytes([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("creating default subnet: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if err := s.SetPromiscuousMode(nicID, true); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set promiscuous mode: %s", err)
+	}
+	if err := s.SetSpoofing(nicID, true); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set spoofing: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	s.SetRouteTable([]tcpip.Route{
+		{
+			Destination: defaultSubnet,
+			NIC:         nicID,
+		},
+	})
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	f := &Forwarder{
+		logger:       logger,
+		stack:        s,
+		endpoint:     endpoint,
+		udpForwarder: newUDPForwarder(mtu, logger),
+		ctx:          ctx,
+		cancel:       cancel,
+		netstack:     netstack,
+		ip:           iface.Address().IP,
+	}
+
+	receiveWindow := defaultReceiveWindow
+	maxInFlight := defaultMaxInFlight
+	if runtime.GOOS == "ios" {
+		receiveWindow = iosReceiveWindow
+		maxInFlight = iosMaxInFlight
+	}
+
+	tcpForwarder := tcp.NewForwarder(s, receiveWindow, maxInFlight, f.handleTCP)
+	s.SetTransportProtocolHandler(tcp.ProtocolNumber, tcpForwarder.HandlePacket)
+
+	udpForwarder := udp.NewForwarder(s, f.handleUDP)
+	s.SetTransportProtocolHandler(udp.ProtocolNumber, udpForwarder.HandlePacket)
+
+	s.SetTransportProtocolHandler(icmp.ProtocolNumber4, f.handleICMP)
+
+	log.Debugf("forwarder: Initialization complete with NIC %d", nicID)
+	return f, nil
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) InjectIncomingPacket(payload []byte) error {
+	if len(payload) < header.IPv4MinimumSize {
+		return fmt.Errorf("packet too small: %d bytes", len(payload))
+	}
+
+	pkt := stack.NewPacketBuffer(stack.PacketBufferOptions{
+		Payload: buffer.MakeWithData(payload),
+	})
+	defer pkt.DecRef()
+
+	if f.endpoint.dispatcher != nil {
+		f.endpoint.dispatcher.DeliverNetworkPacket(ipv4.ProtocolNumber, pkt)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Stop gracefully shuts down the forwarder
+func (f *Forwarder) Stop() {
+	f.cancel()
+
+	if f.udpForwarder != nil {
+		f.udpForwarder.Stop()
+	}
+
+	f.stack.Close()
+	f.stack.Wait()
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) determineDialAddr(addr tcpip.Address) net.IP {
+	if f.netstack && f.ip.Equal(addr.AsSlice()) {
+		return net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1)
+	}
+	return addr.AsSlice()
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/icmp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+package forwarder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/header"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
+)
+
+// handleICMP handles ICMP packets from the network stack
+func (f *Forwarder) handleICMP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, pkt stack.PacketBufferPtr) bool {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(f.ctx, 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	lc := net.ListenConfig{}
+	// TODO: support non-root
+	conn, err := lc.ListenPacket(ctx, "ip4:icmp", "0.0.0.0")
+	if err != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("Failed to create ICMP socket for %v: %v", id, err)
+
+		// This will make netstack reply on behalf of the original destination, that's ok for now
+		return false
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("Failed to close ICMP socket: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	dstIP := f.determineDialAddr(id.LocalAddress)
+	dst := &net.IPAddr{IP: dstIP}
+
+	// Get the complete ICMP message (header + data)
+	fullPacket := stack.PayloadSince(pkt.TransportHeader())
+	payload := fullPacket.AsSlice()
+
+	icmpHdr := header.ICMPv4(pkt.TransportHeader().View().AsSlice())
+
+	// For Echo Requests, send and handle response
+	switch icmpHdr.Type() {
+	case header.ICMPv4Echo:
+		return f.handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr, payload, dst, conn, id)
+	case header.ICMPv4EchoReply:
+		// dont process our own replies
+		return true
+	default:
+	}
+
+	// For other ICMP types (Time Exceeded, Destination Unreachable, etc)
+	_, err = conn.WriteTo(payload, dst)
+	if err != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("Failed to write ICMP packet for %v: %v", id, err)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Trace("Forwarded ICMP packet %v type=%v code=%v",
+		id, icmpHdr.Type(), icmpHdr.Code())
+
+	return true
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr header.ICMPv4, payload []byte, dst *net.IPAddr, conn net.PacketConn, id stack.TransportEndpointID) bool {
+	if _, err := conn.WriteTo(payload, dst); err != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("Failed to write ICMP packet for %v: %v", id, err)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Trace("Forwarded ICMP packet %v type=%v code=%v",
+		id, icmpHdr.Type(), icmpHdr.Code())
+
+	if err := conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second)); err != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("Failed to set read deadline for ICMP response: %v", err)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	response := make([]byte, f.endpoint.mtu)
+	n, _, err := conn.ReadFrom(response)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !isTimeout(err) {
+			f.logger.Error("Failed to read ICMP response: %v", err)
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	ipHdr := make([]byte, header.IPv4MinimumSize)
+	ip := header.IPv4(ipHdr)
+	ip.Encode(&header.IPv4Fields{
+		TotalLength: uint16(header.IPv4MinimumSize + n),
+		TTL:         64,
+		Protocol:    uint8(header.ICMPv4ProtocolNumber),
+		SrcAddr:     id.LocalAddress,
+		DstAddr:     id.RemoteAddress,
+	})
+	ip.SetChecksum(^ip.CalculateChecksum())
+
+	fullPacket := make([]byte, 0, len(ipHdr)+n)
+	fullPacket = append(fullPacket, ipHdr...)
+	fullPacket = append(fullPacket, response[:n]...)
+
+	if err := f.InjectIncomingPacket(fullPacket); err != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("Failed to inject ICMP response: %v", err)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Trace("Forwarded ICMP echo reply for %v", id)
+	return true
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/tcp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package forwarder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/adapters/gonet"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/tcp"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+)
+
+// handleTCP is called by the TCP forwarder for new connections.
+func (f *Forwarder) handleTCP(r *tcp.ForwarderRequest) {
+	id := r.ID()
+
+	dialAddr := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", f.determineDialAddr(id.LocalAddress), id.LocalPort)
+
+	outConn, err := (&net.Dialer{}).DialContext(f.ctx, "tcp", dialAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		r.Complete(true)
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: dial error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Create wait queue for blocking syscalls
+	wq := waiter.Queue{}
+
+	ep, epErr := r.CreateEndpoint(&wq)
+	if epErr != nil {
+		f.logger.Error("forwarder: failed to create TCP endpoint: %v", epErr)
+		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: outConn close error: %v", err)
+		}
+		r.Complete(true)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Complete the handshake
+	r.Complete(false)
+
+	inConn := gonet.NewTCPConn(&wq, ep)
+
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: established TCP connection %v", id)
+
+	go f.proxyTCP(id, inConn, outConn, ep)
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) proxyTCP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, inConn *gonet.TCPConn, outConn net.Conn, ep tcpip.Endpoint) {
+	defer func() {
+		if err := inConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: inConn close error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: outConn close error: %v", err)
+		}
+		ep.Close()
+	}()
+
+	// Create context for managing the proxy goroutines
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(f.ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	errChan := make(chan error, 2)
+
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(outConn, inConn)
+		errChan <- err
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+		_, err := io.Copy(inConn, outConn)
+		errChan <- err
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down TCP connection %v due to context done", id)
+		return
+	case err := <-errChan:
+		if err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
+			f.logger.Error("proxyTCP: copy error: %v", err)
+		}
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down TCP connection %v", id)
+		return
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/udp.go

@@ -0,0 +1,284 @@
+package forwarder
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/adapters/gonet"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/udp"
+	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/waiter"
+
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
+)
+
+const (
+	udpTimeout = 30 * time.Second
+)
+
+type udpPacketConn struct {
+	conn     *gonet.UDPConn
+	outConn  net.Conn
+	lastSeen atomic.Int64
+	cancel   context.CancelFunc
+	ep       tcpip.Endpoint
+}
+
+type udpForwarder struct {
+	sync.RWMutex
+	logger  *nblog.Logger
+	conns   map[stack.TransportEndpointID]*udpPacketConn
+	bufPool sync.Pool
+	ctx     context.Context
+	cancel  context.CancelFunc
+}
+
+type idleConn struct {
+	id   stack.TransportEndpointID
+	conn *udpPacketConn
+}
+
+func newUDPForwarder(mtu int, logger *nblog.Logger) *udpForwarder {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	f := &udpForwarder{
+		logger: logger,
+		conns:  make(map[stack.TransportEndpointID]*udpPacketConn),
+		ctx:    ctx,
+		cancel: cancel,
+		bufPool: sync.Pool{
+			New: func() any {
+				b := make([]byte, mtu)
+				return &b
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	go f.cleanup()
+	return f
+}
+
+// Stop stops the UDP forwarder and all active connections
+func (f *udpForwarder) Stop() {
+	f.cancel()
+
+	f.Lock()
+	defer f.Unlock()
+
+	for id, conn := range f.conns {
+		conn.cancel()
+		if err := conn.conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP conn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		if err := conn.outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+
+		conn.ep.Close()
+		delete(f.conns, id)
+	}
+}
+
+// cleanup periodically removes idle UDP connections
+func (f *udpForwarder) cleanup() {
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Minute)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-f.ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			var idleConns []idleConn
+
+			f.RLock()
+			for id, conn := range f.conns {
+				if conn.getIdleDuration() > udpTimeout {
+					idleConns = append(idleConns, idleConn{id, conn})
+				}
+			}
+			f.RUnlock()
+
+			for _, idle := range idleConns {
+				idle.conn.cancel()
+				if err := idle.conn.conn.Close(); err != nil {
+					f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP conn close error for %v: %v", idle.id, err)
+				}
+				if err := idle.conn.outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+					f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", idle.id, err)
+				}
+
+				idle.conn.ep.Close()
+
+				f.Lock()
+				delete(f.conns, idle.id)
+				f.Unlock()
+
+				f.logger.Trace("forwarder: cleaned up idle UDP connection %v", idle.id)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleUDP is called by the UDP forwarder for new packets
+func (f *Forwarder) handleUDP(r *udp.ForwarderRequest) {
+	if f.ctx.Err() != nil {
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: context done, dropping UDP packet")
+		return
+	}
+
+	id := r.ID()
+
+	f.udpForwarder.RLock()
+	_, exists := f.udpForwarder.conns[id]
+	f.udpForwarder.RUnlock()
+	if exists {
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: existing UDP connection for %v", id)
+		return
+	}
+
+	dstAddr := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", f.determineDialAddr(id.LocalAddress), id.LocalPort)
+	outConn, err := (&net.Dialer{}).DialContext(f.ctx, "udp", dstAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP dial error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		// TODO: Send ICMP error message
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Create wait queue for blocking syscalls
+	wq := waiter.Queue{}
+	ep, epErr := r.CreateEndpoint(&wq)
+	if epErr != nil {
+		f.logger.Debug("forwarder: failed to create UDP endpoint: %v", epErr)
+		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	inConn := gonet.NewUDPConn(f.stack, &wq, ep)
+	connCtx, connCancel := context.WithCancel(f.ctx)
+
+	pConn := &udpPacketConn{
+		conn:    inConn,
+		outConn: outConn,
+		cancel:  connCancel,
+		ep:      ep,
+	}
+	pConn.updateLastSeen()
+
+	f.udpForwarder.Lock()
+	// Double-check no connection was created while we were setting up
+	if _, exists := f.udpForwarder.conns[id]; exists {
+		f.udpForwarder.Unlock()
+		pConn.cancel()
+		if err := inConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP inConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	f.udpForwarder.conns[id] = pConn
+	f.udpForwarder.Unlock()
+
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: established UDP connection to %v", id)
+	go f.proxyUDP(connCtx, pConn, id, ep)
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) proxyUDP(ctx context.Context, pConn *udpPacketConn, id stack.TransportEndpointID, ep tcpip.Endpoint) {
+	defer func() {
+		pConn.cancel()
+		if err := pConn.conn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP inConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+		if err := pConn.outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", id, err)
+		}
+
+		ep.Close()
+
+		f.udpForwarder.Lock()
+		delete(f.udpForwarder.conns, id)
+		f.udpForwarder.Unlock()
+	}()
+
+	errChan := make(chan error, 2)
+
+	go func() {
+		errChan <- pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.conn, pConn.outConn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "outbound->inbound")
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+		errChan <- pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.outConn, pConn.conn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "inbound->outbound")
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down UDP connection %v due to context done", id)
+		return
+	case err := <-errChan:
+		if err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
+			f.logger.Error("proxyUDP: copy error: %v", err)
+		}
+		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down UDP connection %v", id)
+		return
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *udpPacketConn) updateLastSeen() {
+	c.lastSeen.Store(time.Now().UnixNano())
+}
+
+func (c *udpPacketConn) getIdleDuration() time.Duration {
+	lastSeen := time.Unix(0, c.lastSeen.Load())
+	return time.Since(lastSeen)
+}
+
+func (c *udpPacketConn) copy(ctx context.Context, dst net.Conn, src net.Conn, bufPool *sync.Pool, direction string) error {
+	bufp := bufPool.Get().(*[]byte)
+	defer bufPool.Put(bufp)
+	buffer := *bufp
+
+	for {
+		if ctx.Err() != nil {
+			return ctx.Err()
+		}
+
+		if err := src.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(udpTimeout)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("set read deadline: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		n, err := src.Read(buffer)
+		if err != nil {
+			if isTimeout(err) {
+				continue
+			}
+			return fmt.Errorf("read from %s: %w", direction, err)
+		}
+
+		_, err = dst.Write(buffer[:n])
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("write to %s: %w", direction, err)
+		}
+
+		c.updateLastSeen()
+	}
+}
+
+func isClosedError(err error) bool {
+	return errors.Is(err, net.ErrClosed) || errors.Is(err, context.Canceled)
+}
+
+func isTimeout(err error) bool {
+	var netErr net.Error
+	if errors.As(err, &netErr) {
+		return netErr.Timeout()
+	}
+	return false
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/localip.go

@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
+)
+
+type localIPManager struct {
+	mu sync.RWMutex
+
+	// Use bitmap for IPv4 (32 bits * 2^16 = 256KB memory)
+	ipv4Bitmap [1 << 16]uint32
+}
+
+func newLocalIPManager() *localIPManager {
+	return &localIPManager{}
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) setBitmapBit(ip net.IP) {
+	ipv4 := ip.To4()
+	if ipv4 == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	high := (uint16(ipv4[0]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[1])
+	low := (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[3])
+	m.ipv4Bitmap[high] |= 1 << (low % 32)
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) checkBitmapBit(ip net.IP) bool {
+	ipv4 := ip.To4()
+	if ipv4 == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	high := (uint16(ipv4[0]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[1])
+	low := (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[3])
+	return (m.ipv4Bitmap[high] & (1 << (low % 32))) != 0
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) processIP(ip net.IP, newIPv4Bitmap *[1 << 16]uint32, ipv4Set map[string]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]string) error {
+	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+		high := (uint16(ipv4[0]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[1])
+		low := (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[3])
+		if int(high) >= len(*newIPv4Bitmap) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid IPv4 address: %s", ip)
+		}
+		ipStr := ip.String()
+		if _, exists := ipv4Set[ipStr]; !exists {
+			ipv4Set[ipStr] = struct{}{}
+			*ipv4Addresses = append(*ipv4Addresses, ipStr)
+			newIPv4Bitmap[high] |= 1 << (low % 32)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) processInterface(iface net.Interface, newIPv4Bitmap *[1 << 16]uint32, ipv4Set map[string]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]string) {
+	addrs, err := iface.Addrs()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("get addresses for interface %s failed: %v", iface.Name, err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, addr := range addrs {
+		var ip net.IP
+		switch v := addr.(type) {
+		case *net.IPNet:
+			ip = v.IP
+		case *net.IPAddr:
+			ip = v.IP
+		default:
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if err := m.processIP(ip, newIPv4Bitmap, ipv4Set, ipv4Addresses); err != nil {
+			log.Debugf("process IP failed: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) UpdateLocalIPs(iface common.IFaceMapper) (err error) {
+	defer func() {
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("panic: %v", r)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	var newIPv4Bitmap [1 << 16]uint32
+	ipv4Set := make(map[string]struct{})
+	var ipv4Addresses []string
+
+	// 127.0.0.0/8
+	high := uint16(127) << 8
+	for i := uint16(0); i < 256; i++ {
+		newIPv4Bitmap[high|i] = 0xffffffff
+	}
+
+	if iface != nil {
+		if err := m.processIP(iface.Address().IP, &newIPv4Bitmap, ipv4Set, &ipv4Addresses); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	interfaces, err := net.Interfaces()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warnf("failed to get interfaces: %v", err)
+	} else {
+		for _, intf := range interfaces {
+			m.processInterface(intf, &newIPv4Bitmap, ipv4Set, &ipv4Addresses)
+		}
+	}
+
+	m.mu.Lock()
+	m.ipv4Bitmap = newIPv4Bitmap
+	m.mu.Unlock()
+
+	log.Debugf("Local IPv4 addresses: %v", ipv4Addresses)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) IsLocalIP(ip net.IP) bool {
+	m.mu.RLock()
+	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
+		return m.checkBitmapBit(ipv4)
+	}
+
+	return false
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/localip_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
+)
+
+func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
+	tests := []struct {
+		name      string
+		setupAddr iface.WGAddress
+		testIP    net.IP
+		expected  bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Localhost range",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("127.0.0.2"),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Localhost standard address",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("127.0.0.1"),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Localhost range edge",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("127.255.255.255"),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Local IP matches",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+			expected: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Local IP doesn't match",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.2"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "IPv6 address",
+			setupAddr: iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("fe80::1"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("fe80::"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(64, 128),
+				},
+			},
+			testIP:   net.ParseIP("fe80::1"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			manager := newLocalIPManager()
+
+			mock := &IFaceMock{
+				AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
+					return tt.setupAddr
+				},
+			}
+
+			err := manager.UpdateLocalIPs(mock)
+			require.NoError(t, err)
+
+			result := manager.IsLocalIP(tt.testIP)
+			require.Equal(t, tt.expected, result)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLocalIPManager_AllInterfaces(t *testing.T) {
+	manager := newLocalIPManager()
+	mock := &IFaceMock{}
+
+	// Get actual local interfaces
+	interfaces, err := net.Interfaces()
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	var tests []struct {
+		ip       string
+		expected bool
+	}
+
+	// Add all local interface IPs to test cases
+	for _, iface := range interfaces {
+		addrs, err := iface.Addrs()
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		for _, addr := range addrs {
+			var ip net.IP
+			switch v := addr.(type) {
+			case *net.IPNet:
+				ip = v.IP
+			case *net.IPAddr:
+				ip = v.IP
+			default:
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if ip4 := ip.To4(); ip4 != nil {
+				tests = append(tests, struct {
+					ip       string
+					expected bool
+				}{
+					ip:       ip4.String(),
+					expected: true,
+				})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Add some external IPs as negative test cases
+	externalIPs := []string{
+		"8.8.8.8",
+		"1.1.1.1",
+		"208.67.222.222",
+	}
+	for _, ip := range externalIPs {
+		tests = append(tests, struct {
+			ip       string
+			expected bool
+		}{
+			ip:       ip,
+			expected: false,
+		})
+	}
+
+	require.NotEmpty(t, tests, "No test cases generated")
+
+	err = manager.UpdateLocalIPs(mock)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	t.Logf("Testing %d IPs", len(tests))
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.ip, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := manager.IsLocalIP(net.ParseIP(tt.ip))
+			require.Equal(t, tt.expected, result, "IP: %s", tt.ip)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// MapImplementation is a version using map[string]struct{}
+type MapImplementation struct {
+	localIPs map[string]struct{}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkIPChecks(b *testing.B) {
+	interfaces := make([]net.IP, 16)
+	for i := range interfaces {
+		interfaces[i] = net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i>>8), byte(i))
+	}
+
+	// Setup bitmap version
+	bitmapManager := &localIPManager{
+		ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{},
+	}
+	for _, ip := range interfaces[:8] { // Add half of IPs
+		bitmapManager.setBitmapBit(ip)
+	}
+
+	// Setup map version
+	mapManager := &MapImplementation{
+		localIPs: make(map[string]struct{}),
+	}
+	for _, ip := range interfaces[:8] {
+		mapManager.localIPs[ip.String()] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	b.Run("Bitmap_Hit", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip := interfaces[4]
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			bitmapManager.checkBitmapBit(ip)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("Bitmap_Miss", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip := interfaces[12]
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			bitmapManager.checkBitmapBit(ip)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("Map_Hit", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip := interfaces[4]
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			// nolint:gosimple
+			_, _ = mapManager.localIPs[ip.String()]
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("Map_Miss", func(b *testing.B) {
+		ip := interfaces[12]
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			// nolint:gosimple
+			_, _ = mapManager.localIPs[ip.String()]
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func BenchmarkWGPosition(b *testing.B) {
+	wgIP := net.ParseIP("10.10.0.1")
+
+	// Create two managers - one checks WG IP first, other checks it last
+	b.Run("WG_First", func(b *testing.B) {
+		bm := &localIPManager{ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{}}
+		bm.setBitmapBit(wgIP)
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			bm.checkBitmapBit(wgIP)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("WG_Last", func(b *testing.B) {
+		bm := &localIPManager{ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{}}
+		// Fill with other IPs first
+		for i := 0; i < 15; i++ {
+			bm.setBitmapBit(net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i>>8), byte(i)))
+		}
+		bm.setBitmapBit(wgIP) // Add WG IP last
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			bm.checkBitmapBit(wgIP)
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/log/log.go

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+// Package logger provides a high-performance, non-blocking logger for userspace networking
+package log
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+)
+
+const (
+	maxBatchSize         = 1024 * 16  // 16KB max batch size
+	maxMessageSize       = 1024 * 2   // 2KB per message
+	bufferSize           = 1024 * 256 // 256KB ring buffer
+	defaultFlushInterval = 2 * time.Second
+)
+
+// Level represents log severity
+type Level uint32
+
+const (
+	LevelPanic Level = iota
+	LevelFatal
+	LevelError
+	LevelWarn
+	LevelInfo
+	LevelDebug
+	LevelTrace
+)
+
+var levelStrings = map[Level]string{
+	LevelPanic: "PANC",
+	LevelFatal: "FATL",
+	LevelError: "ERRO",
+	LevelWarn:  "WARN",
+	LevelInfo:  "INFO",
+	LevelDebug: "DEBG",
+	LevelTrace: "TRAC",
+}
+
+// Logger is a high-performance, non-blocking logger
+type Logger struct {
+	output    io.Writer
+	level     atomic.Uint32
+	buffer    *ringBuffer
+	shutdown  chan struct{}
+	closeOnce sync.Once
+	wg        sync.WaitGroup
+
+	// Reusable buffer pool for formatting messages
+	bufPool sync.Pool
+}
+
+func NewFromLogrus(logrusLogger *log.Logger) *Logger {
+	l := &Logger{
+		output:   logrusLogger.Out,
+		buffer:   newRingBuffer(bufferSize),
+		shutdown: make(chan struct{}),
+		bufPool: sync.Pool{
+			New: func() interface{} {
+				// Pre-allocate buffer for message formatting
+				b := make([]byte, 0, maxMessageSize)
+				return &b
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	logrusLevel := logrusLogger.GetLevel()
+	l.level.Store(uint32(logrusLevel))
+	level := levelStrings[Level(logrusLevel)]
+	log.Debugf("New uspfilter logger created with loglevel %v", level)
+
+	l.wg.Add(1)
+	go l.worker()
+
+	return l
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) SetLevel(level Level) {
+	l.level.Store(uint32(level))
+
+	log.Debugf("Set uspfilter logger loglevel to %v", levelStrings[level])
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) formatMessage(buf *[]byte, level Level, format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	*buf = (*buf)[:0]
+
+	// Timestamp
+	*buf = time.Now().AppendFormat(*buf, "2006-01-02T15:04:05-07:00")
+	*buf = append(*buf, ' ')
+
+	// Level
+	*buf = append(*buf, levelStrings[level]...)
+	*buf = append(*buf, ' ')
+
+	// Message
+	if len(args) > 0 {
+		*buf = append(*buf, fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)...)
+	} else {
+		*buf = append(*buf, format...)
+	}
+
+	*buf = append(*buf, '\n')
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) log(level Level, format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	bufp := l.bufPool.Get().(*[]byte)
+	l.formatMessage(bufp, level, format, args...)
+
+	if len(*bufp) > maxMessageSize {
+		*bufp = (*bufp)[:maxMessageSize]
+	}
+	_, _ = l.buffer.Write(*bufp)
+
+	l.bufPool.Put(bufp)
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) Error(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if l.level.Load() >= uint32(LevelError) {
+		l.log(LevelError, format, args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) Warn(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if l.level.Load() >= uint32(LevelWarn) {
+		l.log(LevelWarn, format, args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) Info(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if l.level.Load() >= uint32(LevelInfo) {
+		l.log(LevelInfo, format, args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) Debug(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if l.level.Load() >= uint32(LevelDebug) {
+		l.log(LevelDebug, format, args...)
+	}
+}
+
+func (l *Logger) Trace(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if l.level.Load() >= uint32(LevelTrace) {
+		l.log(LevelTrace, format, args...)
+	}
+}
+
+// worker periodically flushes the buffer
+func (l *Logger) worker() {
+	defer l.wg.Done()
+
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(defaultFlushInterval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+
+	buf := make([]byte, 0, maxBatchSize)
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-l.shutdown:
+			return
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			// Read accumulated messages
+			n, _ := l.buffer.Read(buf[:cap(buf)])
+			if n == 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Write batch
+			_, _ = l.output.Write(buf[:n])
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Stop gracefully shuts down the logger
+func (l *Logger) Stop(ctx context.Context) error {
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+
+	l.closeOnce.Do(func() {
+		close(l.shutdown)
+	})
+
+	go func() {
+		l.wg.Wait()
+		close(done)
+	}()
+
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return ctx.Err()
+	case <-done:
+		return nil
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/log/ringbuffer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package log
+
+import "sync"
+
+// ringBuffer is a simple ring buffer implementation
+type ringBuffer struct {
+	buf  []byte
+	size int
+	r, w int64 // Read and write positions
+	mu   sync.Mutex
+}
+
+func newRingBuffer(size int) *ringBuffer {
+	return &ringBuffer{
+		buf:  make([]byte, size),
+		size: size,
+	}
+}
+
+func (r *ringBuffer) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	if len(p) == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if len(p) > r.size {
+		p = p[:r.size]
+	}
+
+	n = len(p)
+
+	// Write data, handling wrap-around
+	pos := int(r.w % int64(r.size))
+	writeLen := min(len(p), r.size-pos)
+	copy(r.buf[pos:], p[:writeLen])
+
+	// If we have more data and need to wrap around
+	if writeLen < len(p) {
+		copy(r.buf, p[writeLen:])
+	}
+
+	// Update write position
+	r.w += int64(n)
+
+	return n, nil
+}
+
+func (r *ringBuffer) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if r.w == r.r {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	// Calculate available data accounting for wraparound
+	available := int(r.w - r.r)
+	if available < 0 {
+		available += r.size
+	}
+	available = min(available, r.size)
+
+	// Limit read to buffer size
+	toRead := min(available, len(p))
+	if toRead == 0 {
+		return 0, nil
+	}
+
+	// Read data, handling wrap-around
+	pos := int(r.r % int64(r.size))
+	readLen := min(toRead, r.size-pos)
+	n = copy(p, r.buf[pos:pos+readLen])
+
+	// If we need more data and need to wrap around
+	if readLen < toRead {
+		n += copy(p[readLen:toRead], r.buf[:toRead-readLen])
+	}
+
+	// Update read position
+	r.r += int64(n)
+
+	return n, nil
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/rule.go

@@ -2,14 +2,15 @@ package uspfilter
 
 import (
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 )
 
-// Rule to handle management of rules
-type Rule struct {
+// PeerRule to handle management of rules
+type PeerRule struct {
 	id         string
 	ip         net.IP
 	ipLayer    gopacket.LayerType
@@ -24,6 +25,21 @@ type Rule struct {
 }
 
 // GetRuleID returns the rule id
-func (r *Rule) GetRuleID() string {
+func (r *PeerRule) GetRuleID() string {
+	return r.id
+}
+
+type RouteRule struct {
+	id          string
+	sources     []netip.Prefix
+	destination netip.Prefix
+	proto       firewall.Protocol
+	srcPort     *firewall.Port
+	dstPort     *firewall.Port
+	action      firewall.Action
+}
+
+// GetRuleID returns the rule id
+func (r *RouteRule) GetRuleID() string {
 	return r.id
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/tracer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket"
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+
+	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+)
+
+type PacketStage int
+
+const (
+	StageReceived PacketStage = iota
+	StageConntrack
+	StagePeerACL
+	StageRouting
+	StageRouteACL
+	StageForwarding
+	StageCompleted
+)
+
+const msgProcessingCompleted = "Processing completed"
+
+func (s PacketStage) String() string {
+	return map[PacketStage]string{
+		StageReceived:   "Received",
+		StageConntrack:  "Connection Tracking",
+		StagePeerACL:    "Peer ACL",
+		StageRouting:    "Routing",
+		StageRouteACL:   "Route ACL",
+		StageForwarding: "Forwarding",
+		StageCompleted:  "Completed",
+	}[s]
+}
+
+type ForwarderAction struct {
+	Action     string
+	RemoteAddr string
+	Error      error
+}
+
+type TraceResult struct {
+	Timestamp       time.Time
+	Stage           PacketStage
+	Message         string
+	Allowed         bool
+	ForwarderAction *ForwarderAction
+}
+
+type PacketTrace struct {
+	SourceIP        net.IP
+	DestinationIP   net.IP
+	Protocol        string
+	SourcePort      uint16
+	DestinationPort uint16
+	Direction       fw.RuleDirection
+	Results         []TraceResult
+}
+
+type TCPState struct {
+	SYN bool
+	ACK bool
+	FIN bool
+	RST bool
+	PSH bool
+	URG bool
+}
+
+type PacketBuilder struct {
+	SrcIP       net.IP
+	DstIP       net.IP
+	Protocol    fw.Protocol
+	SrcPort     uint16
+	DstPort     uint16
+	ICMPType    uint8
+	ICMPCode    uint8
+	Direction   fw.RuleDirection
+	PayloadSize int
+	TCPState    *TCPState
+}
+
+func (t *PacketTrace) AddResult(stage PacketStage, message string, allowed bool) {
+	t.Results = append(t.Results, TraceResult{
+		Timestamp: time.Now(),
+		Stage:     stage,
+		Message:   message,
+		Allowed:   allowed,
+	})
+}
+
+func (t *PacketTrace) AddResultWithForwarder(stage PacketStage, message string, allowed bool, action *ForwarderAction) {
+	t.Results = append(t.Results, TraceResult{
+		Timestamp:       time.Now(),
+		Stage:           stage,
+		Message:         message,
+		Allowed:         allowed,
+		ForwarderAction: action,
+	})
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) Build() ([]byte, error) {
+	ip := p.buildIPLayer()
+	pktLayers := []gopacket.SerializableLayer{ip}
+
+	transportLayer, err := p.buildTransportLayer(ip)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	pktLayers = append(pktLayers, transportLayer...)
+
+	if p.PayloadSize > 0 {
+		payload := make([]byte, p.PayloadSize)
+		pktLayers = append(pktLayers, gopacket.Payload(payload))
+	}
+
+	return serializePacket(pktLayers)
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) buildIPLayer() *layers.IPv4 {
+	return &layers.IPv4{
+		Version:  4,
+		TTL:      64,
+		Protocol: layers.IPProtocol(getIPProtocolNumber(p.Protocol)),
+		SrcIP:    p.SrcIP,
+		DstIP:    p.DstIP,
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) buildTransportLayer(ip *layers.IPv4) ([]gopacket.SerializableLayer, error) {
+	switch p.Protocol {
+	case "tcp":
+		return p.buildTCPLayer(ip)
+	case "udp":
+		return p.buildUDPLayer(ip)
+	case "icmp":
+		return p.buildICMPLayer()
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported protocol: %s", p.Protocol)
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) buildTCPLayer(ip *layers.IPv4) ([]gopacket.SerializableLayer, error) {
+	tcp := &layers.TCP{
+		SrcPort: layers.TCPPort(p.SrcPort),
+		DstPort: layers.TCPPort(p.DstPort),
+		Window:  65535,
+		SYN:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.SYN,
+		ACK:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.ACK,
+		FIN:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.FIN,
+		RST:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.RST,
+		PSH:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.PSH,
+		URG:     p.TCPState != nil && p.TCPState.URG,
+	}
+	if err := tcp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ip); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set network layer for TCP checksum: %w", err)
+	}
+	return []gopacket.SerializableLayer{tcp}, nil
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) buildUDPLayer(ip *layers.IPv4) ([]gopacket.SerializableLayer, error) {
+	udp := &layers.UDP{
+		SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(p.SrcPort),
+		DstPort: layers.UDPPort(p.DstPort),
+	}
+	if err := udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ip); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set network layer for UDP checksum: %w", err)
+	}
+	return []gopacket.SerializableLayer{udp}, nil
+}
+
+func (p *PacketBuilder) buildICMPLayer() ([]gopacket.SerializableLayer, error) {
+	icmp := &layers.ICMPv4{
+		TypeCode: layers.CreateICMPv4TypeCode(p.ICMPType, p.ICMPCode),
+	}
+	if p.ICMPType == layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoRequest || p.ICMPType == layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoReply {
+		icmp.Id = uint16(1)
+		icmp.Seq = uint16(1)
+	}
+	return []gopacket.SerializableLayer{icmp}, nil
+}
+
+func serializePacket(layers []gopacket.SerializableLayer) ([]byte, error) {
+	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{
+		ComputeChecksums: true,
+		FixLengths:       true,
+	}
+	if err := gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, layers...); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("serialize packet: %w", err)
+	}
+	return buf.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+func getIPProtocolNumber(protocol fw.Protocol) int {
+	switch protocol {
+	case fw.ProtocolTCP:
+		return int(layers.IPProtocolTCP)
+	case fw.ProtocolUDP:
+		return int(layers.IPProtocolUDP)
+	case fw.ProtocolICMP:
+		return int(layers.IPProtocolICMPv4)
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) TracePacketFromBuilder(builder *PacketBuilder) (*PacketTrace, error) {
+	packetData, err := builder.Build()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("build packet: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return m.TracePacket(packetData, builder.Direction), nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) TracePacket(packetData []byte, direction fw.RuleDirection) *PacketTrace {
+
+	d := m.decoders.Get().(*decoder)
+	defer m.decoders.Put(d)
+
+	trace := &PacketTrace{Direction: direction}
+
+	// Initial packet decoding
+	if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
+		trace.AddResult(StageReceived, fmt.Sprintf("Failed to decode packet: %v", err), false)
+		return trace
+	}
+
+	// Extract base packet info
+	srcIP, dstIP := m.extractIPs(d)
+	trace.SourceIP = srcIP
+	trace.DestinationIP = dstIP
+
+	// Determine protocol and ports
+	switch d.decoded[1] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+		trace.Protocol = "TCP"
+		trace.SourcePort = uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort)
+		trace.DestinationPort = uint16(d.tcp.DstPort)
+	case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+		trace.Protocol = "UDP"
+		trace.SourcePort = uint16(d.udp.SrcPort)
+		trace.DestinationPort = uint16(d.udp.DstPort)
+	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+		trace.Protocol = "ICMP"
+	}
+
+	trace.AddResult(StageReceived, fmt.Sprintf("Received %s packet: %s:%d -> %s:%d",
+		trace.Protocol, srcIP, trace.SourcePort, dstIP, trace.DestinationPort), true)
+
+	if direction == fw.RuleDirectionOUT {
+		return m.traceOutbound(packetData, trace)
+	}
+
+	return m.traceInbound(packetData, trace, d, srcIP, dstIP)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) traceInbound(packetData []byte, trace *PacketTrace, d *decoder, srcIP net.IP, dstIP net.IP) *PacketTrace {
+	if m.stateful && m.handleConntrackState(trace, d, srcIP, dstIP) {
+		return trace
+	}
+
+	if m.handleLocalDelivery(trace, packetData, d, srcIP, dstIP) {
+		return trace
+	}
+
+	if !m.handleRouting(trace) {
+		return trace
+	}
+
+	if m.nativeRouter {
+		return m.handleNativeRouter(trace)
+	}
+
+	return m.handleRouteACLs(trace, d, srcIP, dstIP)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleConntrackState(trace *PacketTrace, d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
+	allowed := m.isValidTrackedConnection(d, srcIP, dstIP)
+	msg := "No existing connection found"
+	if allowed {
+		msg = m.buildConntrackStateMessage(d)
+		trace.AddResult(StageConntrack, msg, true)
+		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet allowed by connection tracking", true)
+		return true
+	}
+	trace.AddResult(StageConntrack, msg, false)
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) buildConntrackStateMessage(d *decoder) string {
+	msg := "Matched existing connection state"
+	switch d.decoded[1] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+		flags := getTCPFlags(&d.tcp)
+		msg += fmt.Sprintf(" (TCP Flags: SYN=%v ACK=%v RST=%v FIN=%v)",
+			flags&conntrack.TCPSyn != 0,
+			flags&conntrack.TCPAck != 0,
+			flags&conntrack.TCPRst != 0,
+			flags&conntrack.TCPFin != 0)
+	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+		msg += fmt.Sprintf(" (ICMP ID=%d, Seq=%d)", d.icmp4.Id, d.icmp4.Seq)
+	}
+	return msg
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleLocalDelivery(trace *PacketTrace, packetData []byte, d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
+	if !m.localForwarding {
+		trace.AddResult(StageRouting, "Local forwarding disabled", false)
+		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet dropped - local forwarding disabled", false)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	trace.AddResult(StageRouting, "Packet destined for local delivery", true)
+	blocked := m.peerACLsBlock(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingRules, d)
+
+	msg := "Allowed by peer ACL rules"
+	if blocked {
+		msg = "Blocked by peer ACL rules"
+	}
+	trace.AddResult(StagePeerACL, msg, !blocked)
+
+	if m.netstack {
+		m.addForwardingResult(trace, "proxy-local", "127.0.0.1", !blocked)
+	}
+
+	trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, msgProcessingCompleted, !blocked)
+	return true
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleRouting(trace *PacketTrace) bool {
+	if !m.routingEnabled {
+		trace.AddResult(StageRouting, "Routing disabled", false)
+		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet dropped - routing disabled", false)
+		return false
+	}
+	trace.AddResult(StageRouting, "Routing enabled, checking ACLs", true)
+	return true
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleNativeRouter(trace *PacketTrace) *PacketTrace {
+	trace.AddResult(StageRouteACL, "Using native router, skipping ACL checks", true)
+	trace.AddResult(StageForwarding, "Forwarding via native router", true)
+	trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, msgProcessingCompleted, true)
+	return trace
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleRouteACLs(trace *PacketTrace, d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) *PacketTrace {
+	proto := getProtocolFromPacket(d)
+	srcPort, dstPort := getPortsFromPacket(d)
+	allowed := m.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, proto, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+	msg := "Allowed by route ACLs"
+	if !allowed {
+		msg = "Blocked by route ACLs"
+	}
+	trace.AddResult(StageRouteACL, msg, allowed)
+
+	if allowed && m.forwarder != nil {
+		m.addForwardingResult(trace, "proxy-remote", fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", dstIP, dstPort), true)
+	}
+
+	trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, msgProcessingCompleted, allowed)
+	return trace
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) addForwardingResult(trace *PacketTrace, action, remoteAddr string, allowed bool) {
+	fwdAction := &ForwarderAction{
+		Action:     action,
+		RemoteAddr: remoteAddr,
+	}
+	trace.AddResultWithForwarder(StageForwarding,
+		fmt.Sprintf("Forwarding to %s", fwdAction.Action), allowed, fwdAction)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) traceOutbound(packetData []byte, trace *PacketTrace) *PacketTrace {
+	// will create or update the connection state
+	dropped := m.processOutgoingHooks(packetData)
+	if dropped {
+		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet dropped by outgoing hook", false)
+	} else {
+		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet allowed (outgoing)", true)
+	}
+	return trace
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter.go

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 package uspfilter
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket"
@@ -14,28 +17,48 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder"
+	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
 const layerTypeAll = 0
 
-const EnvDisableConntrack = "NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"
+const (
+	// EnvDisableConntrack disables the stateful filter, replies to outbound traffic won't be allowed.
+	EnvDisableConntrack = "NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"
 
-var (
-	errRouteNotSupported = fmt.Errorf("route not supported with userspace firewall")
+	// EnvDisableUserspaceRouting disables userspace routing, to-be-routed packets will be dropped.
+	EnvDisableUserspaceRouting = "NB_DISABLE_USERSPACE_ROUTING"
+
+	// EnvForceUserspaceRouter forces userspace routing even if native routing is available.
+	EnvForceUserspaceRouter = "NB_FORCE_USERSPACE_ROUTER"
+
+	// EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding enables forwarding of local traffic to the native stack when running netstack
+	// Leaving this on by default introduces a security risk as sockets on listening on localhost only will be accessible
+	EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding = "NB_ENABLE_NETSTACK_LOCAL_FORWARDING"
 )
 
-// IFaceMapper defines subset methods of interface required for manager
-type IFaceMapper interface {
-	SetFilter(device.PacketFilter) error
-	Address() iface.WGAddress
-}
-
 // RuleSet is a set of rules grouped by a string key
-type RuleSet map[string]Rule
+type RuleSet map[string]PeerRule
+
+type RouteRules []RouteRule
+
+func (r RouteRules) Sort() {
+	slices.SortStableFunc(r, func(a, b RouteRule) int {
+		// Deny rules come first
+		if a.action == firewall.ActionDrop && b.action != firewall.ActionDrop {
+			return -1
+		}
+		if a.action != firewall.ActionDrop && b.action == firewall.ActionDrop {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return strings.Compare(a.id, b.id)
+	})
+}
 
 // Manager userspace firewall manager
 type Manager struct {
@@ -43,17 +66,34 @@ type Manager struct {
 	outgoingRules map[string]RuleSet
 	// incomingRules is used for filtering and hooks
 	incomingRules  map[string]RuleSet
+	routeRules     RouteRules
 	wgNetwork      *net.IPNet
 	decoders       sync.Pool
-	wgIface        IFaceMapper
+	wgIface        common.IFaceMapper
 	nativeFirewall firewall.Manager
 
 	mutex sync.RWMutex
 
-	stateful    bool
+	// indicates whether server routes are disabled
+	disableServerRoutes bool
+	// indicates whether we forward packets not destined for ourselves
+	routingEnabled bool
+	// indicates whether we leave forwarding and filtering to the native firewall
+	nativeRouter bool
+	// indicates whether we track outbound connections
+	stateful bool
+	// indicates whether wireguards runs in netstack mode
+	netstack bool
+	// indicates whether we forward local traffic to the native stack
+	localForwarding bool
+
+	localipmanager *localIPManager
+
 	udpTracker  *conntrack.UDPTracker
 	icmpTracker *conntrack.ICMPTracker
 	tcpTracker  *conntrack.TCPTracker
+	forwarder   *forwarder.Forwarder
+	logger      *nblog.Logger
 }
 
 // decoder for packages
@@ -70,22 +110,44 @@ type decoder struct {
 }
 
 // Create userspace firewall manager constructor
-func Create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
-	return create(iface)
+func Create(iface common.IFaceMapper, disableServerRoutes bool) (*Manager, error) {
+	return create(iface, nil, disableServerRoutes)
 }
 
-func CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager) (*Manager, error) {
-	mgr, err := create(iface)
+func CreateWithNativeFirewall(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool) (*Manager, error) {
+	if nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("native firewall is nil")
+	}
+
+	mgr, err := create(iface, nativeFirewall, disableServerRoutes)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	mgr.nativeFirewall = nativeFirewall
 	return mgr, nil
 }
 
-func create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
-	disableConntrack, _ := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(EnvDisableConntrack))
+func parseCreateEnv() (bool, bool) {
+	var disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding bool
+	var err error
+	if val := os.Getenv(EnvDisableConntrack); val != "" {
+		disableConntrack, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvDisableConntrack, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if val := os.Getenv(EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding); val != "" {
+		enableLocalForwarding, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding
+}
+
+func create(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableServerRoutes bool) (*Manager, error) {
+	disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding := parseCreateEnv()
 
 	m := &Manager{
 		decoders: sync.Pool{
@@ -101,52 +163,182 @@ func create(iface IFaceMapper) (*Manager, error) {
 				return d
 			},
 		},
-		outgoingRules: make(map[string]RuleSet),
-		incomingRules: make(map[string]RuleSet),
-		wgIface:       iface,
-		stateful:      !disableConntrack,
+		nativeFirewall:      nativeFirewall,
+		outgoingRules:       make(map[string]RuleSet),
+		incomingRules:       make(map[string]RuleSet),
+		wgIface:             iface,
+		localipmanager:      newLocalIPManager(),
+		disableServerRoutes: disableServerRoutes,
+		routingEnabled:      false,
+		stateful:            !disableConntrack,
+		logger:              nblog.NewFromLogrus(log.StandardLogger()),
+		netstack:            netstack.IsEnabled(),
+		localForwarding:     enableLocalForwarding,
+	}
+
+	if err := m.localipmanager.UpdateLocalIPs(iface); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("update local IPs: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Only initialize trackers if stateful mode is enabled
 	if disableConntrack {
 		log.Info("conntrack is disabled")
 	} else {
-		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout)
-		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout)
-		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout)
+		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger)
+		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger)
+		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger)
+	}
+
+	// netstack needs the forwarder for local traffic
+	if m.netstack && m.localForwarding {
+		if err := m.initForwarder(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to initialize forwarder: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if err := m.blockInvalidRouted(iface); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to block invalid routed traffic: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	if err := iface.SetFilter(m); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set filter: %w", err)
 	}
 	return m, nil
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface common.IFaceMapper) error {
+	if m.forwarder == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	wgPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(iface.Address().Network.String())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("parse wireguard network: %w", err)
+	}
+	log.Debugf("blocking invalid routed traffic for %s", wgPrefix)
+
+	if _, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(
+		[]netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)},
+		wgPrefix,
+		firewall.ProtocolALL,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		firewall.ActionDrop,
+	); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("block wg nte : %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// TODO: Block networks that we're a client of
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) determineRouting() error {
+	var disableUspRouting, forceUserspaceRouter bool
+	var err error
+	if val := os.Getenv(EnvDisableUserspaceRouting); val != "" {
+		disableUspRouting, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvDisableUserspaceRouting, err)
+		}
+	}
+	if val := os.Getenv(EnvForceUserspaceRouter); val != "" {
+		forceUserspaceRouter, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvForceUserspaceRouter, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case disableUspRouting:
+		m.routingEnabled = false
+		m.nativeRouter = false
+		log.Info("userspace routing is disabled")
+
+	case m.disableServerRoutes:
+		//  if server routes are disabled we will let packets pass to the native stack
+		m.routingEnabled = true
+		m.nativeRouter = true
+
+		log.Info("server routes are disabled")
+
+	case forceUserspaceRouter:
+		m.routingEnabled = true
+		m.nativeRouter = false
+
+		log.Info("userspace routing is forced")
+
+	case !m.netstack && m.nativeFirewall != nil && m.nativeFirewall.IsServerRouteSupported():
+		// if the OS supports routing natively, then we don't need to filter/route ourselves
+		// netstack mode won't support native routing as there is no interface
+
+		m.routingEnabled = true
+		m.nativeRouter = true
+
+		log.Info("native routing is enabled")
+
+	default:
+		m.routingEnabled = true
+		m.nativeRouter = false
+
+		log.Info("userspace routing enabled by default")
+	}
+
+	if m.routingEnabled && !m.nativeRouter {
+		return m.initForwarder()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// initForwarder initializes the forwarder, it disables routing on errors
+func (m *Manager) initForwarder() error {
+	if m.forwarder != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Only supported in userspace mode as we need to inject packets back into wireguard directly
+	intf := m.wgIface.GetWGDevice()
+	if intf == nil {
+		m.routingEnabled = false
+		return errors.New("forwarding not supported")
+	}
+
+	forwarder, err := forwarder.New(m.wgIface, m.logger, m.netstack)
+	if err != nil {
+		m.routingEnabled = false
+		return fmt.Errorf("create forwarder: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.forwarder = forwarder
+
+	log.Debug("forwarder initialized")
+
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) Init(*statemanager.Manager) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return false
-	} else {
-		return true
-	}
+	return true
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return errRouteNotSupported
+	if m.nativeRouter && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.AddNatRule(pair)
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.AddNatRule(pair)
+
+	// userspace routed packets are always SNATed to the inbound direction
+	// TODO: implement outbound SNAT
+	return nil
 }
 
 // RemoveNatRule removes a routing firewall rule
 func (m *Manager) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return errRouteNotSupported
+	if m.nativeRouter && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveNatRule(pair)
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.RemoveNatRule(pair)
+	return nil
 }
 
 // AddPeerFiltering rule to the firewall
@@ -162,7 +354,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	_ string,
 	comment string,
 ) ([]firewall.Rule, error) {
-	r := Rule{
+	r := PeerRule{
 		id:        uuid.New().String(),
 		ip:        ip,
 		ipLayer:   layers.LayerTypeIPv6,
@@ -205,18 +397,56 @@ func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 	return []firewall.Rule{&r}, nil
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(sources []netip.Prefix, destination netip.Prefix, proto firewall.Protocol, sPort *firewall.Port, dPort *firewall.Port, action firewall.Action) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return nil, errRouteNotSupported
+func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination netip.Prefix,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort *firewall.Port,
+	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	if m.nativeRouter && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.AddRouteFiltering(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.AddRouteFiltering(sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	ruleID := uuid.New().String()
+	rule := RouteRule{
+		id:          ruleID,
+		sources:     sources,
+		destination: destination,
+		proto:       proto,
+		srcPort:     sPort,
+		dstPort:     dPort,
+		action:      action,
+	}
+
+	m.routeRules = append(m.routeRules, rule)
+	m.routeRules.Sort()
+
+	return &rule, nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return errRouteNotSupported
+	if m.nativeRouter && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
+
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	ruleID := rule.GetRuleID()
+	idx := slices.IndexFunc(m.routeRules, func(r RouteRule) bool {
+		return r.id == ruleID
+	})
+	if idx < 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("route rule not found: %s", ruleID)
+	}
+
+	m.routeRules = slices.Delete(m.routeRules, idx, idx+1)
+	return nil
 }
 
 // DeletePeerRule from the firewall by rule definition
@@ -224,7 +454,7 @@ func (m *Manager) DeletePeerRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	r, ok := rule.(*Rule)
+	r, ok := rule.(*PeerRule)
 	if !ok {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete rule: invalid rule type: %T", rule)
 	}
@@ -255,10 +485,14 @@ func (m *Manager) DropOutgoing(packetData []byte) bool {
 
 // DropIncoming filter incoming packets
 func (m *Manager) DropIncoming(packetData []byte) bool {
-	return m.dropFilter(packetData, m.incomingRules)
+	return m.dropFilter(packetData)
+}
+
+// UpdateLocalIPs updates the list of local IPs
+func (m *Manager) UpdateLocalIPs() error {
+	return m.localipmanager.UpdateLocalIPs(m.wgIface)
 }
 
-// processOutgoingHooks processes UDP hooks for outgoing packets and tracks TCP/UDP/ICMP
 func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte) bool {
 	m.mutex.RLock()
 	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
@@ -279,18 +513,11 @@ func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 
-	// Always process UDP hooks
-	if d.decoded[1] == layers.LayerTypeUDP {
-		// Track UDP state only if enabled
-		if m.stateful {
-			m.trackUDPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
-		}
-		return m.checkUDPHooks(d, dstIP, packetData)
-	}
-
-	// Track other protocols only if stateful mode is enabled
+	// Track all protocols if stateful mode is enabled
 	if m.stateful {
 		switch d.decoded[1] {
+		case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+			m.trackUDPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
 		case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
 			m.trackTCPOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP)
 		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
@@ -298,6 +525,11 @@ func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte) bool {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Process UDP hooks even if stateful mode is disabled
+	if d.decoded[1] == layers.LayerTypeUDP {
+		return m.checkUDPHooks(d, dstIP, packetData)
+	}
+
 	return false
 }
 
@@ -379,10 +611,9 @@ func (m *Manager) trackICMPOutbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) {
 	}
 }
 
-// dropFilter implements filtering logic for incoming packets
-func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet) bool {
-	// TODO: Disable router if --disable-server-router is set
-
+// dropFilter implements filtering logic for incoming packets.
+// If it returns true, the packet should be dropped.
+func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte) bool {
 	m.mutex.RLock()
 	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
 
@@ -395,39 +626,129 @@ func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet) bool {
 
 	srcIP, dstIP := m.extractIPs(d)
 	if srcIP == nil {
-		log.Errorf("unknown layer: %v", d.decoded[0])
+		m.logger.Error("Unknown network layer: %v", d.decoded[0])
 		return true
 	}
 
-	if !m.isWireguardTraffic(srcIP, dstIP) {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	// Check connection state only if enabled
+	// For all inbound traffic, first check if it matches a tracked connection.
+	// This must happen before any other filtering because the packets are statefully tracked.
 	if m.stateful && m.isValidTrackedConnection(d, srcIP, dstIP) {
 		return false
 	}
 
-	return m.applyRules(srcIP, packetData, rules, d)
+	if m.localipmanager.IsLocalIP(dstIP) {
+		return m.handleLocalTraffic(d, srcIP, dstIP, packetData)
+	}
+
+	return m.handleRoutedTraffic(d, srcIP, dstIP, packetData)
+}
+
+// handleLocalTraffic handles local traffic.
+// If it returns true, the packet should be dropped.
+func (m *Manager) handleLocalTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, packetData []byte) bool {
+	if m.peerACLsBlock(srcIP, packetData, m.incomingRules, d) {
+		m.logger.Trace("Dropping local packet (ACL denied): src=%s dst=%s",
+			srcIP, dstIP)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// if running in netstack mode we need to pass this to the forwarder
+	if m.netstack {
+		return m.handleNetstackLocalTraffic(packetData)
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) handleNetstackLocalTraffic(packetData []byte) bool {
+	if !m.localForwarding {
+		// pass to virtual tcp/ip stack to be picked up by listeners
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if m.forwarder == nil {
+		m.logger.Trace("Dropping local packet (forwarder not initialized)")
+		return true
+	}
+
+	if err := m.forwarder.InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
+		m.logger.Error("Failed to inject local packet: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// don't process this packet further
+	return true
+}
+
+// handleRoutedTraffic handles routed traffic.
+// If it returns true, the packet should be dropped.
+func (m *Manager) handleRoutedTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, packetData []byte) bool {
+	// Drop if routing is disabled
+	if !m.routingEnabled {
+		m.logger.Trace("Dropping routed packet (routing disabled): src=%s dst=%s",
+			srcIP, dstIP)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Pass to native stack if native router is enabled or forced
+	if m.nativeRouter {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	proto := getProtocolFromPacket(d)
+	srcPort, dstPort := getPortsFromPacket(d)
+
+	if !m.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, proto, srcPort, dstPort) {
+		m.logger.Trace("Dropping routed packet (ACL denied): src=%s:%d dst=%s:%d proto=%v",
+			srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort, proto)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// Let forwarder handle the packet if it passed route ACLs
+	if err := m.forwarder.InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
+		m.logger.Error("Failed to inject incoming packet: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Forwarded packets shouldn't reach the native stack, hence they won't be visible in a packet capture
+	return true
+}
+
+func getProtocolFromPacket(d *decoder) firewall.Protocol {
+	switch d.decoded[1] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+		return firewall.ProtocolTCP
+	case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+		return firewall.ProtocolUDP
+	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4, layers.LayerTypeICMPv6:
+		return firewall.ProtocolICMP
+	default:
+		return firewall.ProtocolALL
+	}
+}
+
+func getPortsFromPacket(d *decoder) (srcPort, dstPort uint16) {
+	switch d.decoded[1] {
+	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+		return uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort), uint16(d.tcp.DstPort)
+	case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+		return uint16(d.udp.SrcPort), uint16(d.udp.DstPort)
+	default:
+		return 0, 0
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) isValidPacket(d *decoder, packetData []byte) bool {
 	if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
-		log.Tracef("couldn't decode layer, err: %s", err)
+		m.logger.Trace("couldn't decode packet, err: %s", err)
 		return false
 	}
 
 	if len(d.decoded) < 2 {
-		log.Tracef("not enough levels in network packet")
+		m.logger.Trace("packet doesn't have network and transport layers")
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) isWireguardTraffic(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
-	return m.wgNetwork.Contains(srcIP) && m.wgNetwork.Contains(dstIP)
-}
-
 func (m *Manager) isValidTrackedConnection(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool {
 	switch d.decoded[1] {
 	case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
@@ -462,7 +783,22 @@ func (m *Manager) isValidTrackedConnection(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP net.IP) bool
 	return false
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) applyRules(srcIP net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet, d *decoder) bool {
+// isSpecialICMP returns true if the packet is a special ICMP packet that should be allowed
+func (m *Manager) isSpecialICMP(d *decoder) bool {
+	if d.decoded[1] != layers.LayerTypeICMPv4 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	icmpType := d.icmp4.TypeCode.Type()
+	return icmpType == layers.ICMPv4TypeDestinationUnreachable ||
+		icmpType == layers.ICMPv4TypeTimeExceeded
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) peerACLsBlock(srcIP net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]RuleSet, d *decoder) bool {
+	if m.isSpecialICMP(d) {
+		return false
+	}
+
 	if filter, ok := validateRule(srcIP, packetData, rules[srcIP.String()], d); ok {
 		return filter
 	}
@@ -496,7 +832,7 @@ func portsMatch(rulePort *firewall.Port, packetPort uint16) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
-func validateRule(ip net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]Rule, d *decoder) (bool, bool) {
+func validateRule(ip net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]PeerRule, d *decoder) (bool, bool) {
 	payloadLayer := d.decoded[1]
 	for _, rule := range rules {
 		if rule.matchByIP && !ip.Equal(rule.ip) {
@@ -533,6 +869,51 @@ func validateRule(ip net.IP, packetData []byte, rules map[string]Rule, d *decode
 	return false, false
 }
 
+// routeACLsPass returns treu if the packet is allowed by the route ACLs
+func (m *Manager) routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP net.IP, proto firewall.Protocol, srcPort, dstPort uint16) bool {
+	m.mutex.RLock()
+	defer m.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	srcAddr := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte(srcIP.To4()))
+	dstAddr := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte(dstIP.To4()))
+
+	for _, rule := range m.routeRules {
+		if m.ruleMatches(rule, srcAddr, dstAddr, proto, srcPort, dstPort) {
+			return rule.action == firewall.ActionAccept
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) ruleMatches(rule RouteRule, srcAddr, dstAddr netip.Addr, proto firewall.Protocol, srcPort, dstPort uint16) bool {
+	if !rule.destination.Contains(dstAddr) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	sourceMatched := false
+	for _, src := range rule.sources {
+		if src.Contains(srcAddr) {
+			sourceMatched = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !sourceMatched {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if rule.proto != firewall.ProtocolALL && rule.proto != proto {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if proto == firewall.ProtocolTCP || proto == firewall.ProtocolUDP {
+		if !portsMatch(rule.srcPort, srcPort) || !portsMatch(rule.dstPort, dstPort) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
 // SetNetwork of the wireguard interface to which filtering applied
 func (m *Manager) SetNetwork(network *net.IPNet) {
 	m.wgNetwork = network
@@ -544,7 +925,7 @@ func (m *Manager) SetNetwork(network *net.IPNet) {
 func (m *Manager) AddUDPPacketHook(
 	in bool, ip net.IP, dPort uint16, hook func([]byte) bool,
 ) string {
-	r := Rule{
+	r := PeerRule{
 		id:         uuid.New().String(),
 		ip:         ip,
 		protoLayer: layers.LayerTypeUDP,
@@ -561,12 +942,12 @@ func (m *Manager) AddUDPPacketHook(
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	if in {
 		if _, ok := m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
-			m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(map[string]Rule)
+			m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(map[string]PeerRule)
 		}
 		m.incomingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id] = r
 	} else {
 		if _, ok := m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()]; !ok {
-			m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(map[string]Rule)
+			m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()] = make(map[string]PeerRule)
 		}
 		m.outgoingRules[r.ip.String()][r.id] = r
 	}
@@ -599,3 +980,41 @@ func (m *Manager) RemovePacketHook(hookID string) error {
 	}
 	return fmt.Errorf("hook with given id not found")
 }
+
+// SetLogLevel sets the log level for the firewall manager
+func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(level log.Level) {
+	if m.logger != nil {
+		m.logger.SetLevel(nblog.Level(level))
+	}
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.determineRouting()
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if m.forwarder == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	m.routingEnabled = false
+	m.nativeRouter = false
+
+	// don't stop forwarder if in use by netstack
+	if m.netstack && m.localForwarding {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	m.forwarder.Stop()
+	m.forwarder = nil
+
+	log.Debug("forwarder stopped")
+
+	return nil
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter_bench_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
+//go:build uspbench
+
 package uspfilter
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"math/rand"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -155,7 +158,7 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 				// Create manager and basic setup
 				manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 					SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-				})
+				}, false)
 				defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 					require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 				})
@@ -185,7 +188,7 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 				// Measure inbound packet processing
 				b.ResetTimer()
 				for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-					manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(inbound)
 				}
 			})
 		}
@@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("conns_%d", count), func(b *testing.B) {
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(testIn, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(testIn)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -248,7 +251,7 @@ func BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -269,7 +272,7 @@ func BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead(b *testing.B) {
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(inbound)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -447,7 +450,7 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -472,7 +475,7 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn)
 					// SYN-ACK
 					synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-					manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(synack)
 					// ACK
 					ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack)
@@ -481,7 +484,7 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(inbound, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(inbound)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -574,7 +577,7 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -618,7 +621,7 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				// SYN-ACK
 				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
 					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(synack)
 
 				// ACK
 				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
@@ -646,7 +649,7 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				// First outbound data
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx])
 				// Then inbound response - this is what we're actually measuring
-				manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx])
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -665,7 +668,7 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -754,17 +757,17 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 				// Connection establishment
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.synAck)
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack)
 
 				// Data transfer
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.response, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.response)
 
 				// Connection teardown
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, manager.incomingRules)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer)
+				manager.dropFilter(p.finServer)
 				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient)
 			}
 		})
@@ -784,7 +787,7 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -825,7 +828,7 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
 					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.dropFilter(synack, manager.incomingRules)
+				manager.dropFilter(synack)
 
 				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
@@ -852,7 +855,7 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 					// Simulate bidirectional traffic
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx])
-					manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx])
 				}
 			})
 		})
@@ -872,7 +875,7 @@ func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 			manager, _ := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			defer b.Cleanup(func() {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Reset(nil))
 			})
@@ -949,15 +952,15 @@ func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 					// Full connection lifecycle
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.synAck)
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack)
 
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.response, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.response)
 
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, manager.incomingRules)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, manager.incomingRules)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer)
+					manager.dropFilter(p.finServer)
 					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient)
 				}
 			})
@@ -996,3 +999,72 @@ func generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b *testing.B, srcIP, dstIP net.IP, srcPort, dstP
 	require.NoError(b, gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4, tcp, gopacket.Payload("test")))
 	return buf.Bytes()
 }
+
+func BenchmarkRouteACLs(b *testing.B) {
+	manager := setupRoutedManager(b, "10.10.0.100/16")
+
+	// Add several route rules to simulate real-world scenario
+	rules := []struct {
+		sources []netip.Prefix
+		dest    netip.Prefix
+		proto   fw.Protocol
+		port    *fw.Port
+	}{
+		{
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+			dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			port:    &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80, 443}},
+		},
+		{
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/12"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
+			},
+			dest:  netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+			proto: fw.ProtocolICMP,
+		},
+		{
+			sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+			dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"),
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			port:    &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range rules {
+		_, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+			r.sources,
+			r.dest,
+			r.proto,
+			nil,
+			r.port,
+			fw.ActionAccept,
+		)
+		if err != nil {
+			b.Fatal(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Test cases that exercise different matching scenarios
+	cases := []struct {
+		srcIP   string
+		dstIP   string
+		proto   fw.Protocol
+		dstPort uint16
+	}{
+		{"100.10.0.1", "192.168.1.100", fw.ProtocolTCP, 443}, // Match first rule
+		{"172.16.0.1", "8.8.8.8", fw.ProtocolICMP, 0},        // Match second rule
+		{"1.1.1.1", "192.168.1.53", fw.ProtocolUDP, 53},      // Match third rule
+		{"192.168.1.1", "10.0.0.1", fw.ProtocolTCP, 8080},    // No match
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		for _, tc := range cases {
+			srcIP := net.ParseIP(tc.srcIP)
+			dstIP := net.ParseIP(tc.dstIP)
+			manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, tc.proto, 0, tc.dstPort)
+		}
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/uspfilter_test.go

@@ -9,17 +9,38 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/google/gopacket"
 	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+	"github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 
 	fw "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
 
+var logger = log.NewFromLogrus(logrus.StandardLogger())
+
 type IFaceMock struct {
-	SetFilterFunc func(device.PacketFilter) error
-	AddressFunc   func() iface.WGAddress
+	SetFilterFunc   func(device.PacketFilter) error
+	AddressFunc     func() iface.WGAddress
+	GetWGDeviceFunc func() *wgdevice.Device
+	GetDeviceFunc   func() *device.FilteredDevice
+}
+
+func (i *IFaceMock) GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device {
+	if i.GetWGDeviceFunc == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return i.GetWGDeviceFunc()
+}
+
+func (i *IFaceMock) GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice {
+	if i.GetDeviceFunc == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return i.GetDeviceFunc()
 }
 
 func (i *IFaceMock) SetFilter(iface device.PacketFilter) error {
@@ -41,7 +62,7 @@ func TestManagerCreate(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -61,7 +82,7 @@ func TestManagerAddPeerFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -95,7 +116,7 @@ func TestManagerDeleteRule(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -166,12 +187,12 @@ func TestAddUDPPacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-			})
+			}, false)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			manager.AddUDPPacketHook(tt.in, tt.ip, tt.dPort, tt.hook)
 
-			var addedRule Rule
+			var addedRule PeerRule
 			if tt.in {
 				if len(manager.incomingRules[tt.ip.String()]) != 1 {
 					t.Errorf("expected 1 incoming rule, got %d", len(manager.incomingRules))
@@ -215,7 +236,7 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -247,9 +268,18 @@ func TestManagerReset(t *testing.T) {
 func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		AddressFunc: func() iface.WGAddress {
+			return iface.WGAddress{
+				IP: net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100"),
+				Network: &net.IPNet{
+					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
+					Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
+				},
+			}
+		},
 	}
 
-	m, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+	m, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -298,7 +328,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if m.dropFilter(buf.Bytes(), m.incomingRules) {
+	if m.dropFilter(buf.Bytes()) {
 		t.Errorf("expected packet to be accepted")
 		return
 	}
@@ -317,7 +347,7 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// creating manager instance
-	manager, err := Create(iface)
+	manager, err := Create(iface, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("Failed to create Manager: %s", err)
 	}
@@ -363,7 +393,7 @@ func TestRemovePacketHook(t *testing.T) {
 func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
 	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-	})
+	}, false)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
@@ -371,7 +401,7 @@ func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
 		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
 	}
 	manager.udpTracker.Close()
-	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(100 * time.Millisecond)
+	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(100*time.Millisecond, logger)
 	defer func() {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Reset(nil))
 	}()
@@ -449,7 +479,7 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 			ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 			}
-			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock)
+			manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 			time.Sleep(time.Second)
 
@@ -476,7 +506,7 @@ func TestUSPFilterCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
-	})
+	}, false)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
@@ -485,7 +515,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	manager.udpTracker.Close() // Close the existing tracker
-	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(200 * time.Millisecond)
+	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(200*time.Millisecond, logger)
 	manager.decoders = sync.Pool{
 		New: func() any {
 			d := &decoder{
@@ -606,7 +636,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, cp := range checkPoints {
 		time.Sleep(cp.sleep)
 
-		drop = manager.dropFilter(inboundBuf.Bytes(), manager.incomingRules)
+		drop = manager.dropFilter(inboundBuf.Bytes())
 		require.Equal(t, cp.shouldAllow, !drop, cp.description)
 
 		// If the connection should still be valid, verify it exists
@@ -677,7 +707,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			// Verify the invalid packet is dropped
-			drop = manager.dropFilter(testBuf.Bytes(), manager.incomingRules)
+			drop = manager.dropFilter(testBuf.Bytes())
 			require.True(t, drop, tc.description)
 		})
 	}

client/iface/configurer/usp.go

@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ func toWgUserspaceString(wgCfg wgtypes.Config) string {
 }
 
 func getFwmark() int {
-	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" && !nbnet.CustomRoutingDisabled() {
+	if nbnet.AdvancedRouting() {
 		return nbnet.NetbirdFwmark
 	}
 	return 0

client/iface/device.go

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
 package iface
 
 import (
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
+
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
@@ -15,4 +19,6 @@ type WGTunDevice interface {
 	DeviceName() string
 	Close() error
 	FilteredDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+	Device() *wgdevice.Device
+	GetNet() *netstack.Net
 }

client/iface/device/device_android.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -130,6 +131,10 @@ func (t *WGTunDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
 
+func (t *WGTunDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func routesToString(routes []string) string {
 	return strings.Join(routes, ";")
 }

client/iface/device/device_darwin.go

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -117,6 +118,11 @@ func (t *TunDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
 
+// Device returns the wireguard device
+func (t *TunDevice) Device() *device.Device {
+	return t.device
+}
+
 // assignAddr Adds IP address to the tunnel interface and network route based on the range provided
 func (t *TunDevice) assignAddr() error {
 	cmd := exec.Command("ifconfig", t.name, "inet", t.address.IP.String(), t.address.IP.String())
@@ -138,3 +144,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) assignAddr() error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func (t *TunDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}

client/iface/device/device_ios.go

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/unix"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -131,3 +132,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) UpdateAddr(addr WGAddress) error {
 func (t *TunDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
+
+func (t *TunDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}

client/iface/device/device_kernel_unix.go

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/pion/transport/v3"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -151,6 +153,11 @@ func (t *TunKernelDevice) DeviceName() string {
 	return t.name
 }
 
+// Device returns the wireguard device, not applicable for kernel devices
+func (t *TunKernelDevice) Device() *device.Device {
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (t *TunKernelDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return nil
 }
@@ -159,3 +166,7 @@ func (t *TunKernelDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 func (t *TunKernelDevice) assignAddr() error {
 	return t.link.assignAddr(t.address)
 }
+
+func (t *TunKernelDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}

client/iface/device/device_netstack.go

@@ -8,10 +8,12 @@ import (
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
+	nbnetstack "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 type TunNetstackDevice struct {
@@ -25,9 +27,11 @@ type TunNetstackDevice struct {
 
 	device         *device.Device
 	filteredDevice *FilteredDevice
-	nsTun          *netstack.NetStackTun
+	nsTun          *nbnetstack.NetStackTun
 	udpMux         *bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault
 	configurer     WGConfigurer
+
+	net *netstack.Net
 }
 
 func NewNetstackDevice(name string, address WGAddress, wgPort int, key string, mtu int, iceBind *bind.ICEBind, listenAddress string) *TunNetstackDevice {
@@ -43,13 +47,19 @@ func NewNetstackDevice(name string, address WGAddress, wgPort int, key string, m
 }
 
 func (t *TunNetstackDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
-	log.Info("create netstack tun interface")
-	t.nsTun = netstack.NewNetStackTun(t.listenAddress, t.address.IP.String(), t.mtu)
-	tunIface, err := t.nsTun.Create()
+	log.Info("create nbnetstack tun interface")
+
+	// TODO: get from service listener runtime IP
+	dnsAddr := nbnet.GetLastIPFromNetwork(t.address.Network, 1)
+	log.Debugf("netstack using address: %s", t.address.IP)
+	t.nsTun = nbnetstack.NewNetStackTun(t.listenAddress, t.address.IP, dnsAddr, t.mtu)
+	log.Debugf("netstack using dns address: %s", dnsAddr)
+	tunIface, net, err := t.nsTun.Create()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error creating tun device: %s", err)
 	}
 	t.filteredDevice = newDeviceFilter(tunIface)
+	t.net = net
 
 	t.device = device.NewDevice(
 		t.filteredDevice,
@@ -117,3 +127,12 @@ func (t *TunNetstackDevice) DeviceName() string {
 func (t *TunNetstackDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
+
+// Device returns the wireguard device
+func (t *TunNetstackDevice) Device() *device.Device {
+	return t.device
+}
+
+func (t *TunNetstackDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return t.net
+}

client/iface/device/device_usp_unix.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -124,9 +125,18 @@ func (t *USPDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
 
+// Device returns the wireguard device
+func (t *USPDevice) Device() *device.Device {
+	return t.device
+}
+
 // assignAddr Adds IP address to the tunnel interface
 func (t *USPDevice) assignAddr() error {
 	link := newWGLink(t.name)
 
 	return link.assignAddr(t.address)
 }
+
+func (t *USPDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}

client/iface/device/device_windows.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/windows/tunnel/winipcfg"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
@@ -150,6 +151,11 @@ func (t *TunDevice) FilteredDevice() *FilteredDevice {
 	return t.filteredDevice
 }
 
+// Device returns the wireguard device
+func (t *TunDevice) Device() *device.Device {
+	return t.device
+}
+
 func (t *TunDevice) GetInterfaceGUIDString() (string, error) {
 	if t.nativeTunDevice == nil {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("interface has not been initialized yet")
@@ -169,3 +175,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) assignAddr() error {
 	log.Debugf("adding address %s to interface: %s", t.address.IP, t.name)
 	return luid.SetIPAddresses([]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix(t.address.String())})
 }
+
+func (t *TunDevice) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	return nil
+}

client/iface/device_android.go

@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 package iface
 
 import (
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
+
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
@@ -13,4 +17,6 @@ type WGTunDevice interface {
 	DeviceName() string
 	Close() error
 	FilteredDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
+	Device() *wgdevice.Device
+	GetNet() *netstack.Net
 }

client/iface/iface.go

@@ -9,8 +9,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
 	"github.com/pion/transport/v3"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
@@ -203,6 +206,11 @@ func (w *WGIface) GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice {
 	return w.tun.FilteredDevice()
 }
 
+// GetWGDevice returns the WireGuard device
+func (w *WGIface) GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device {
+	return w.tun.Device()
+}
+
 // GetStats returns the last handshake time, rx and tx bytes for the given peer
 func (w *WGIface) GetStats(peerKey string) (configurer.WGStats, error) {
 	return w.configurer.GetStats(peerKey)
@@ -234,3 +242,11 @@ func (w *WGIface) waitUntilRemoved() error {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// GetNet returns the netstack.Net for the netstack device
+func (w *WGIface) GetNet() *netstack.Net {
+	w.mu.Lock()
+	defer w.mu.Unlock()
+
+	return w.tun.GetNet()
+}

client/iface/iface_moc.go

@@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-package iface
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgproxy"
-)
-
-type MockWGIface struct {
-	CreateFunc                 func() error
-	CreateOnAndroidFunc        func(routeRange []string, ip string, domains []string) error
-	IsUserspaceBindFunc        func() bool
-	NameFunc                   func() string
-	AddressFunc                func() device.WGAddress
-	ToInterfaceFunc            func() *net.Interface
-	UpFunc                     func() (*bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error)
-	UpdateAddrFunc             func(newAddr string) error
-	UpdatePeerFunc             func(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error
-	RemovePeerFunc             func(peerKey string) error
-	AddAllowedIPFunc           func(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
-	RemoveAllowedIPFunc        func(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
-	CloseFunc                  func() error
-	SetFilterFunc              func(filter device.PacketFilter) error
-	GetFilterFunc              func() device.PacketFilter
-	GetDeviceFunc              func() *device.FilteredDevice
-	GetStatsFunc               func(peerKey string) (configurer.WGStats, error)
-	GetInterfaceGUIDStringFunc func() (string, error)
-	GetProxyFunc               func() wgproxy.Proxy
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) GetInterfaceGUIDString() (string, error) {
-	return m.GetInterfaceGUIDStringFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) Create() error {
-	return m.CreateFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) CreateOnAndroid(routeRange []string, ip string, domains []string) error {
-	return m.CreateOnAndroidFunc(routeRange, ip, domains)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) IsUserspaceBind() bool {
-	return m.IsUserspaceBindFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) Name() string {
-	return m.NameFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) Address() device.WGAddress {
-	return m.AddressFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) ToInterface() *net.Interface {
-	return m.ToInterfaceFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) Up() (*bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error) {
-	return m.UpFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) UpdateAddr(newAddr string) error {
-	return m.UpdateAddrFunc(newAddr)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
-	return m.UpdatePeerFunc(peerKey, allowedIps, keepAlive, endpoint, preSharedKey)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
-	return m.RemovePeerFunc(peerKey)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
-	return m.AddAllowedIPFunc(peerKey, allowedIP)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
-	return m.RemoveAllowedIPFunc(peerKey, allowedIP)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) Close() error {
-	return m.CloseFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) SetFilter(filter device.PacketFilter) error {
-	return m.SetFilterFunc(filter)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) GetFilter() device.PacketFilter {
-	return m.GetFilterFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice {
-	return m.GetDeviceFunc()
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) GetStats(peerKey string) (configurer.WGStats, error) {
-	return m.GetStatsFunc(peerKey)
-}
-
-func (m *MockWGIface) GetProxy() wgproxy.Proxy {
-	//TODO implement me
-	panic("implement me")
-}

client/iface/iwginterface_windows.go

@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-package iface
-
-import (
-	"net"
-	"time"
-
-	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
-
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgproxy"
-)
-
-type IWGIface interface {
-	Create() error
-	CreateOnAndroid(routeRange []string, ip string, domains []string) error
-	IsUserspaceBind() bool
-	Name() string
-	Address() device.WGAddress
-	ToInterface() *net.Interface
-	Up() (*bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error)
-	UpdateAddr(newAddr string) error
-	GetProxy() wgproxy.Proxy
-	UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps string, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error
-	RemovePeer(peerKey string) error
-	AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
-	RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
-	Close() error
-	SetFilter(filter device.PacketFilter) error
-	GetFilter() device.PacketFilter
-	GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice
-	GetStats(peerKey string) (configurer.WGStats, error)
-	GetInterfaceGUIDString() (string, error)
-}

client/iface/netstack/env.go

@@ -8,9 +8,11 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 )
 
+const EnvUseNetstackMode = "NB_USE_NETSTACK_MODE"
+
 // IsEnabled todo: move these function to cmd layer
 func IsEnabled() bool {
-	return os.Getenv("NB_USE_NETSTACK_MODE") == "true"
+	return os.Getenv(EnvUseNetstackMode) == "true"
 }
 
 func ListenAddr() string {

client/iface/netstack/tun.go

@@ -1,15 +1,22 @@
 package netstack
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 )
 
+const EnvSkipProxy = "NB_NETSTACK_SKIP_PROXY"
+
 type NetStackTun struct { //nolint:revive
-	address       string
+	address       net.IP
+	dnsAddress    net.IP
 	mtu           int
 	listenAddress string
 
@@ -17,29 +24,48 @@ type NetStackTun struct { //nolint:revive
 	tundev tun.Device
 }
 
-func NewNetStackTun(listenAddress string, address string, mtu int) *NetStackTun {
+func NewNetStackTun(listenAddress string, address net.IP, dnsAddress net.IP, mtu int) *NetStackTun {
 	return &NetStackTun{
 		address:       address,
+		dnsAddress:    dnsAddress,
 		mtu:           mtu,
 		listenAddress: listenAddress,
 	}
 }
 
-func (t *NetStackTun) Create() (tun.Device, error) {
+func (t *NetStackTun) Create() (tun.Device, *netstack.Net, error) {
+	addr, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(t.address)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("convert address to netip.Addr: %v", t.address)
+	}
+
+	dnsAddr, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(t.dnsAddress)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("convert dns address to netip.Addr: %v", t.dnsAddress)
+	}
+
 	nsTunDev, tunNet, err := netstack.CreateNetTUN(
-		[]netip.Addr{netip.MustParseAddr(t.address)},
-		[]netip.Addr{},
+		[]netip.Addr{addr.Unmap()},
+		[]netip.Addr{dnsAddr.Unmap()},
 		t.mtu)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 	t.tundev = nsTunDev
 
+	skipProxy, err := strconv.ParseBool(os.Getenv(EnvSkipProxy))
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to parse NB_ETSTACK_SKIP_PROXY: %s", err)
+	}
+	if skipProxy {
+		return nsTunDev, tunNet, nil
+	}
+
 	dialer := NewNSDialer(tunNet)
 	t.proxy, err = NewSocks5(dialer)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = t.tundev.Close()
-		return nil, err
+		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 
 	go func() {
@@ -49,7 +75,7 @@ func (t *NetStackTun) Create() (tun.Device, error) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	return nsTunDev, nil
+	return nsTunDev, tunNet, nil
 }
 
 func (t *NetStackTun) Close() error {

client/internal/acl/manager_test.go

@@ -49,9 +49,10 @@ func TestDefaultManager(t *testing.T) {
 		IP:      ip,
 		Network: network,
 	}).AnyTimes()
+	ifaceMock.EXPECT().GetWGDevice().Return(nil).AnyTimes()
 
 	// we receive one rule from the management so for testing purposes ignore it
-	fw, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil)
+	fw, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("create firewall: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -342,9 +343,10 @@ func TestDefaultManagerEnableSSHRules(t *testing.T) {
 		IP:      ip,
 		Network: network,
 	}).AnyTimes()
+	ifaceMock.EXPECT().GetWGDevice().Return(nil).AnyTimes()
 
 	// we receive one rule from the management so for testing purposes ignore it
-	fw, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil)
+	fw, err := firewall.NewFirewall(ifaceMock, nil, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("create firewall: %v", err)
 		return

client/internal/acl/mocks/iface_mapper.go

@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@ import (
 	reflect "reflect"
 
 	gomock "github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
+	wgdevice "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
+
 	iface "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 )
@@ -90,3 +92,31 @@ func (mr *MockIFaceMapperMockRecorder) SetFilter(arg0 interface{}) *gomock.Call
 	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
 	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "SetFilter", reflect.TypeOf((*MockIFaceMapper)(nil).SetFilter), arg0)
 }
+
+// GetDevice mocks base method.
+func (m *MockIFaceMapper) GetDevice() *device.FilteredDevice {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetDevice")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*device.FilteredDevice)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// GetDevice indicates an expected call of GetDevice.
+func (mr *MockIFaceMapperMockRecorder) GetDevice() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetDevice", reflect.TypeOf((*MockIFaceMapper)(nil).GetDevice))
+}
+
+// GetWGDevice mocks base method.
+func (m *MockIFaceMapper) GetWGDevice() *wgdevice.Device {
+	m.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	ret := m.ctrl.Call(m, "GetWGDevice")
+	ret0, _ := ret[0].(*wgdevice.Device)
+	return ret0
+}
+
+// GetWGDevice indicates an expected call of GetWGDevice.
+func (mr *MockIFaceMapperMockRecorder) GetWGDevice() *gomock.Call {
+	mr.mock.ctrl.T.Helper()
+	return mr.mock.ctrl.RecordCallWithMethodType(mr.mock, "GetWGDevice", reflect.TypeOf((*MockIFaceMapper)(nil).GetWGDevice))
+}

client/internal/config.go

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
 	"runtime"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/dynamic"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ssh"
 	mgm "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/client"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
@@ -68,6 +70,10 @@ type ConfigInput struct {
 	DisableFirewall     *bool
 
 	BlockLANAccess *bool
+
+	DisableNotifications *bool
+
+	DNSLabels domain.List
 }
 
 // Config Configuration type
@@ -93,6 +99,10 @@ type Config struct {
 
 	BlockLANAccess bool
 
+	DisableNotifications bool
+
+	DNSLabels domain.List
+
 	// SSHKey is a private SSH key in a PEM format
 	SSHKey string
 
@@ -469,6 +479,16 @@ func (config *Config) apply(input ConfigInput) (updated bool, err error) {
 		updated = true
 	}
 
+	if input.DisableNotifications != nil && *input.DisableNotifications != config.DisableNotifications {
+		if *input.DisableNotifications {
+			log.Infof("disabling notifications")
+		} else {
+			log.Infof("enabling notifications")
+		}
+		config.DisableNotifications = *input.DisableNotifications
+		updated = true
+	}
+
 	if input.ClientCertKeyPath != "" {
 		config.ClientCertKeyPath = input.ClientCertKeyPath
 		updated = true
@@ -489,6 +509,14 @@ func (config *Config) apply(input ConfigInput) (updated bool, err error) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if input.DNSLabels != nil && !slices.Equal(config.DNSLabels, input.DNSLabels) {
+		log.Infof("updating DNS labels [ %s ] (old value: [ %s ])",
+			input.DNSLabels.SafeString(),
+			config.DNSLabels.SafeString())
+		config.DNSLabels = input.DNSLabels
+		updated = true
+	}
+
 	return updated, nil
 }
 

client/internal/connect.go

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/listener"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/stdnet"
+	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ssh"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	mgm "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/client"
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ import (
 	relayClient "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/client"
 	signal "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/signal/client"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version"
 )
 
@@ -103,12 +105,24 @@ func (c *ConnectClient) RunOniOS(
 func (c *ConnectClient) run(mobileDependency MobileDependency, runningChan chan error) error {
 	defer func() {
 		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			rec := c.statusRecorder
+			if rec != nil {
+				rec.PublishEvent(
+					cProto.SystemEvent_CRITICAL, cProto.SystemEvent_SYSTEM,
+					"panic occurred",
+					"The Netbird service panicked. Please restart the service and submit a bug report with the client logs.",
+					nil,
+				)
+			}
+
 			log.Panicf("Panic occurred: %v, stack trace: %s", r, string(debug.Stack()))
 		}
 	}()
 
 	log.Infof("starting NetBird client version %s on %s/%s", version.NetbirdVersion(), runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
 
+	nbnet.Init()
+
 	backOff := &backoff.ExponentialBackOff{
 		InitialInterval:     time.Second,
 		RandomizationFactor: 1,
@@ -475,7 +489,7 @@ func loginToManagement(ctx context.Context, client mgm.Client, pubSSHKey []byte,
 		config.DisableDNS,
 		config.DisableFirewall,
 	)
-	loginResp, err := client.Login(*serverPublicKey, sysInfo, pubSSHKey)
+	loginResp, err := client.Login(*serverPublicKey, sysInfo, pubSSHKey, config.DNSLabels)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

client/internal/dns.go

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+package internal
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/miekg/dns"
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
+)
+
+func createPTRRecord(aRecord nbdns.SimpleRecord, ipNet *net.IPNet) (nbdns.SimpleRecord, bool) {
+	ip := net.ParseIP(aRecord.RData)
+	if ip == nil || ip.To4() == nil {
+		return nbdns.SimpleRecord{}, false
+	}
+
+	if !ipNet.Contains(ip) {
+		return nbdns.SimpleRecord{}, false
+	}
+
+	ipOctets := strings.Split(ip.String(), ".")
+	slices.Reverse(ipOctets)
+	rdnsName := dns.Fqdn(strings.Join(ipOctets, ".") + ".in-addr.arpa")
+
+	return nbdns.SimpleRecord{
+		Name:  rdnsName,
+		Type:  int(dns.TypePTR),
+		Class: aRecord.Class,
+		TTL:   aRecord.TTL,
+		RData: dns.Fqdn(aRecord.Name),
+	}, true
+}
+
+// generateReverseZoneName creates the reverse DNS zone name for a given network
+func generateReverseZoneName(ipNet *net.IPNet) (string, error) {
+	networkIP := ipNet.IP.Mask(ipNet.Mask)
+	maskOnes, _ := ipNet.Mask.Size()
+
+	// round up to nearest byte
+	octetsToUse := (maskOnes + 7) / 8
+
+	octets := strings.Split(networkIP.String(), ".")
+	if octetsToUse > len(octets) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("invalid network mask size for reverse DNS: %d", maskOnes)
+	}
+
+	reverseOctets := make([]string, octetsToUse)
+	for i := 0; i < octetsToUse; i++ {
+		reverseOctets[octetsToUse-1-i] = octets[i]
+	}
+
+	return dns.Fqdn(strings.Join(reverseOctets, ".") + ".in-addr.arpa"), nil
+}
+
+// zoneExists checks if a zone with the given name already exists in the configuration
+func zoneExists(config *nbdns.Config, zoneName string) bool {
+	for _, zone := range config.CustomZones {
+		if zone.Domain == zoneName {
+			log.Debugf("reverse DNS zone %s already exists", zoneName)
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// collectPTRRecords gathers all PTR records for the given network from A records
+func collectPTRRecords(config *nbdns.Config, ipNet *net.IPNet) []nbdns.SimpleRecord {
+	var records []nbdns.SimpleRecord
+
+	for _, zone := range config.CustomZones {
+		for _, record := range zone.Records {
+			if record.Type != int(dns.TypeA) {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			if ptrRecord, ok := createPTRRecord(record, ipNet); ok {
+				records = append(records, ptrRecord)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return records
+}
+
+// addReverseZone adds a reverse DNS zone to the configuration for the given network
+func addReverseZone(config *nbdns.Config, ipNet *net.IPNet) {
+	zoneName, err := generateReverseZoneName(ipNet)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Warn(err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	if zoneExists(config, zoneName) {
+		log.Debugf("reverse DNS zone %s already exists", zoneName)
+		return
+	}
+
+	records := collectPTRRecords(config, ipNet)
+
+	reverseZone := nbdns.CustomZone{
+		Domain:  zoneName,
+		Records: records,
+	}
+
+	config.CustomZones = append(config.CustomZones, reverseZone)
+	log.Debugf("added reverse DNS zone: %s with %d records", zoneName, len(records))
+}

client/internal/dns/file_unix.go

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func (f *fileConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *st
 				return fmt.Errorf("restoring the original resolv.conf file return err: %w", err)
 			}
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to configure DNS for this peer using file manager without a nameserver group with all domains configured")
+		return ErrRouteAllWithoutNameserverGroup
 	}
 
 	if !backupFileExist {
@@ -121,6 +121,10 @@ func (f *fileConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
 	return f.restore()
 }
 
+func (f *fileConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "file"
+}
+
 func (f *fileConfigurator) backup() error {
 	stats, err := os.Stat(defaultResolvConfPath)
 	if err != nil {

client/internal/dns/handler_chain.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 const (
 	PriorityDNSRoute    = 100
 	PriorityMatchDomain = 50
-	PriorityDefault     = 0
+	PriorityDefault     = 1
 )
 
 type SubdomainMatcher interface {
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ type HandlerEntry struct {
 	Pattern         string
 	OrigPattern     string
 	IsWildcard      bool
-	StopHandler     handlerWithStop
 	MatchSubdomains bool
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ func (w *ResponseWriterChain) GetOrigPattern() string {
 }
 
 // AddHandler adds a new handler to the chain, replacing any existing handler with the same pattern and priority
-func (c *HandlerChain) AddHandler(pattern string, handler dns.Handler, priority int, stopHandler handlerWithStop) {
+func (c *HandlerChain) AddHandler(pattern string, handler dns.Handler, priority int) {
 	c.mu.Lock()
 	defer c.mu.Unlock()
 
@@ -78,9 +77,6 @@ func (c *HandlerChain) AddHandler(pattern string, handler dns.Handler, priority
 	// First remove any existing handler with same pattern (case-insensitive) and priority
 	for i := len(c.handlers) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 		if strings.EqualFold(c.handlers[i].OrigPattern, origPattern) && c.handlers[i].Priority == priority {
-			if c.handlers[i].StopHandler != nil {
-				c.handlers[i].StopHandler.stop()
-			}
 			c.handlers = append(c.handlers[:i], c.handlers[i+1:]...)
 			break
 		}
@@ -101,7 +97,6 @@ func (c *HandlerChain) AddHandler(pattern string, handler dns.Handler, priority
 		Pattern:         pattern,
 		OrigPattern:     origPattern,
 		IsWildcard:      isWildcard,
-		StopHandler:     stopHandler,
 		MatchSubdomains: matchSubdomains,
 	}
 
@@ -142,9 +137,6 @@ func (c *HandlerChain) RemoveHandler(pattern string, priority int) {
 	for i := len(c.handlers) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
 		entry := c.handlers[i]
 		if strings.EqualFold(entry.OrigPattern, pattern) && entry.Priority == priority {
-			if entry.StopHandler != nil {
-				entry.StopHandler.stop()
-			}
 			c.handlers = append(c.handlers[:i], c.handlers[i+1:]...)
 			return
 		}
@@ -180,8 +172,8 @@ func (c *HandlerChain) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	if log.IsLevelEnabled(log.TraceLevel) {
 		log.Tracef("current handlers (%d):", len(handlers))
 		for _, h := range handlers {
-			log.Tracef("  - pattern: domain=%s original: domain=%s wildcard=%v priority=%d",
-				h.Pattern, h.OrigPattern, h.IsWildcard, h.Priority)
+			log.Tracef("  - pattern: domain=%s original: domain=%s wildcard=%v match_subdomain=%v priority=%d",
+				h.Pattern, h.OrigPattern, h.IsWildcard, h.MatchSubdomains, h.Priority)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -206,13 +198,13 @@ func (c *HandlerChain) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 		}
 
 		if !matched {
-			log.Tracef("trying domain match: request: domain=%s pattern: domain=%s wildcard=%v match_subdomain=%v matched=false",
-				qname, entry.OrigPattern, entry.MatchSubdomains, entry.IsWildcard)
+			log.Tracef("trying domain match: request: domain=%s pattern: domain=%s wildcard=%v match_subdomain=%v priority=%d matched=false",
+				qname, entry.OrigPattern, entry.MatchSubdomains, entry.IsWildcard, entry.Priority)
 			continue
 		}
 
-		log.Tracef("handler matched: request: domain=%s pattern: domain=%s wildcard=%v match_subdomain=%v",
-			qname, entry.OrigPattern, entry.IsWildcard, entry.MatchSubdomains)
+		log.Tracef("handler matched: request: domain=%s pattern: domain=%s wildcard=%v match_subdomain=%v priority=%d",
+			qname, entry.OrigPattern, entry.IsWildcard, entry.MatchSubdomains, entry.Priority)
 
 		chainWriter := &ResponseWriterChain{
 			ResponseWriter: w,

client/internal/dns/handler_chain_test.go

@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ func TestHandlerChain_ServeDNS_Priorities(t *testing.T) {
 	dnsRouteHandler := &nbdns.MockHandler{}
 
 	// Setup handlers with different priorities
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", defaultHandler, nbdns.PriorityDefault, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", matchDomainHandler, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", dnsRouteHandler, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute, nil)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", defaultHandler, nbdns.PriorityDefault)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", matchDomainHandler, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", dnsRouteHandler, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute)
 
 	// Create test request
 	r := new(dns.Msg)
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ func TestHandlerChain_ServeDNS_DomainMatching(t *testing.T) {
 				pattern = "*." + tt.handlerDomain[2:]
 			}
 
-			chain.AddHandler(pattern, handler, nbdns.PriorityDefault, nil)
+			chain.AddHandler(pattern, handler, nbdns.PriorityDefault)
 
 			r := new(dns.Msg)
 			r.SetQuestion(tt.queryDomain, dns.TypeA)
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ func TestHandlerChain_ServeDNS_OverlappingDomains(t *testing.T) {
 					handler.On("ServeDNS", mock.Anything, mock.Anything).Maybe()
 				}
 
-				chain.AddHandler(tt.handlers[i].pattern, handler, tt.handlers[i].priority, nil)
+				chain.AddHandler(tt.handlers[i].pattern, handler, tt.handlers[i].priority)
 			}
 
 			// Create and execute request
@@ -280,9 +280,9 @@ func TestHandlerChain_ServeDNS_ChainContinuation(t *testing.T) {
 	handler3 := &nbdns.MockHandler{}
 
 	// Add handlers in priority order
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler1, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler2, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler3, nbdns.PriorityDefault, nil)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler1, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler2, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", handler3, nbdns.PriorityDefault)
 
 	// Create test request
 	r := new(dns.Msg)
@@ -416,7 +416,7 @@ func TestHandlerChain_PriorityDeregistration(t *testing.T) {
 				if op.action == "add" {
 					handler := &nbdns.MockHandler{}
 					handlers[op.priority] = handler
-					chain.AddHandler(op.pattern, handler, op.priority, nil)
+					chain.AddHandler(op.pattern, handler, op.priority)
 				} else {
 					chain.RemoveHandler(op.pattern, op.priority)
 				}
@@ -471,9 +471,9 @@ func TestHandlerChain_MultiPriorityHandling(t *testing.T) {
 	r.SetQuestion(testQuery, dns.TypeA)
 
 	// Add handlers in mixed order
-	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, defaultHandler, nbdns.PriorityDefault, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, routeHandler, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, matchHandler, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain, nil)
+	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, defaultHandler, nbdns.PriorityDefault)
+	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, routeHandler, nbdns.PriorityDNSRoute)
+	chain.AddHandler(testDomain, matchHandler, nbdns.PriorityMatchDomain)
 
 	// Test 1: Initial state with all three handlers
 	w := &nbdns.ResponseWriterChain{ResponseWriter: &mockResponseWriter{}}
@@ -653,7 +653,7 @@ func TestHandlerChain_CaseSensitivity(t *testing.T) {
 					handler = mockHandler
 				}
 
-				chain.AddHandler(pattern, handler, h.priority, nil)
+				chain.AddHandler(pattern, handler, h.priority)
 			}
 
 			// Execute request
@@ -795,7 +795,7 @@ func TestHandlerChain_DomainSpecificityOrdering(t *testing.T) {
 				if op.action == "add" {
 					handler := &nbdns.MockSubdomainHandler{Subdomains: op.subdomain}
 					handlers[op.pattern] = handler
-					chain.AddHandler(op.pattern, handler, op.priority, nil)
+					chain.AddHandler(op.pattern, handler, op.priority)
 				} else {
 					chain.RemoveHandler(op.pattern, op.priority)
 				}

client/internal/dns/host.go

@@ -9,10 +9,18 @@ import (
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 )
 
+var ErrRouteAllWithoutNameserverGroup = fmt.Errorf("unable to configure DNS for this peer using file manager without a nameserver group with all domains configured")
+
+const (
+	ipv4ReverseZone = ".in-addr.arpa"
+	ipv6ReverseZone = ".ip6.arpa"
+)
+
 type hostManager interface {
 	applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error
 	restoreHostDNS() error
 	supportCustomPort() bool
+	string() string
 }
 
 type SystemDNSSettings struct {
@@ -39,6 +47,7 @@ type mockHostConfigurator struct {
 	restoreHostDNSFunc            func() error
 	supportCustomPortFunc         func() bool
 	restoreUncleanShutdownDNSFunc func(*netip.Addr) error
+	stringFunc                    func() string
 }
 
 func (m *mockHostConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
@@ -62,6 +71,13 @@ func (m *mockHostConfigurator) supportCustomPort() bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+func (m *mockHostConfigurator) string() string {
+	if m.stringFunc != nil {
+		return m.stringFunc()
+	}
+	return "mock"
+}
+
 func newNoopHostMocker() hostManager {
 	return &mockHostConfigurator{
 		applyDNSConfigFunc:            func(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error { return nil },
@@ -94,9 +110,10 @@ func dnsConfigToHostDNSConfig(dnsConfig nbdns.Config, ip string, port int) HostD
 	}
 
 	for _, customZone := range dnsConfig.CustomZones {
+		matchOnly := strings.HasSuffix(customZone.Domain, ipv4ReverseZone) || strings.HasSuffix(customZone.Domain, ipv6ReverseZone)
 		config.Domains = append(config.Domains, DomainConfig{
 			Domain:    strings.TrimSuffix(customZone.Domain, "."),
-			MatchOnly: false,
+			MatchOnly: matchOnly,
 		})
 	}
 
@@ -116,3 +133,7 @@ func (n noopHostConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
 func (n noopHostConfigurator) supportCustomPort() bool {
 	return true
 }
+
+func (n noopHostConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "noop"
+}

client/internal/dns/host_android.go

@@ -22,3 +22,7 @@ func (a androidHostManager) restoreHostDNS() error {
 func (a androidHostManager) supportCustomPort() bool {
 	return false
 }
+
+func (a androidHostManager) string() string {
+	return "none"
+}

client/internal/dns/host_darwin.go

@@ -114,6 +114,10 @@ func (s *systemConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (s *systemConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "scutil"
+}
+
 func (s *systemConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
 	keys := s.getRemovableKeysWithDefaults()
 	for _, key := range keys {

client/internal/dns/host_ios.go

@@ -38,3 +38,7 @@ func (a iosHostManager) restoreHostDNS() error {
 func (a iosHostManager) supportCustomPort() bool {
 	return false
 }
+
+func (a iosHostManager) string() string {
+	return "none"
+}

client/internal/dns/host_windows.go

@@ -1,35 +1,51 @@
 package dns
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"strings"
+	"syscall"
 
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.org/x/sys/windows/registry"
 
+	nberrors "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/errors"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
+var (
+	userenv = syscall.NewLazyDLL("userenv.dll")
+
+	// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/userenv/nf-userenv-refreshpolicyex
+	refreshPolicyExFn = userenv.NewProc("RefreshPolicyEx")
+)
+
 const (
-	dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath            = `SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters\DnsPolicyConfig\NetBird-Match`
+	dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath    = `SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Dnscache\Parameters\DnsPolicyConfig\NetBird-Match`
+	gpoDnsPolicyRoot            = `SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows NT\DNSClient`
+	gpoDnsPolicyConfigMatchPath = gpoDnsPolicyRoot + `\DnsPolicyConfig\NetBird-Match`
+
 	dnsPolicyConfigVersionKey           = "Version"
 	dnsPolicyConfigVersionValue         = 2
 	dnsPolicyConfigNameKey              = "Name"
 	dnsPolicyConfigGenericDNSServersKey = "GenericDNSServers"
 	dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsKey     = "ConfigOptions"
 	dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsValue   = 0x8
-)
 
-const (
 	interfaceConfigPath          = `SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces`
 	interfaceConfigNameServerKey = "NameServer"
 	interfaceConfigSearchListKey = "SearchList"
+
+	// RP_FORCE: Reapply all policies even if no policy change was detected
+	rpForce = 0x1
 )
 
 type registryConfigurator struct {
 	guid       string
 	routingAll bool
+	gpo        bool
 }
 
 func newHostManager(wgInterface WGIface) (*registryConfigurator, error) {
@@ -37,12 +53,20 @@ func newHostManager(wgInterface WGIface) (*registryConfigurator, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return newHostManagerWithGuid(guid)
-}
 
-func newHostManagerWithGuid(guid string) (*registryConfigurator, error) {
+	var useGPO bool
+	k, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, gpoDnsPolicyRoot, registry.QUERY_VALUE)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to open GPO DNS policy root: %v", err)
+	} else {
+		closer(k)
+		useGPO = true
+		log.Infof("detected GPO DNS policy configuration, using policy store")
+	}
+
 	return &registryConfigurator{
 		guid: guid,
+		gpo:  useGPO,
 	}, nil
 }
 
@@ -51,30 +75,23 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) supportCustomPort() bool {
 }
 
 func (r *registryConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
-	var err error
 	if config.RouteAll {
-		err = r.addDNSSetupForAll(config.ServerIP)
-		if err != nil {
+		if err := r.addDNSSetupForAll(config.ServerIP); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("add dns setup: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else if r.routingAll {
-		err = r.deleteInterfaceRegistryKeyProperty(interfaceConfigNameServerKey)
-		if err != nil {
+		if err := r.deleteInterfaceRegistryKeyProperty(interfaceConfigNameServerKey); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("delete interface registry key property: %w", err)
 		}
 		r.routingAll = false
 		log.Infof("removed %s as main DNS forwarder for this peer", config.ServerIP)
 	}
 
-	if err := stateManager.UpdateState(&ShutdownState{Guid: r.guid}); err != nil {
+	if err := stateManager.UpdateState(&ShutdownState{Guid: r.guid, GPO: r.gpo}); err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to update shutdown state: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	var (
-		searchDomains []string
-		matchDomains  []string
-	)
-
+	var searchDomains, matchDomains []string
 	for _, dConf := range config.Domains {
 		if dConf.Disabled {
 			continue
@@ -86,16 +103,16 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager
 	}
 
 	if len(matchDomains) != 0 {
-		err = r.addDNSMatchPolicy(matchDomains, config.ServerIP)
+		if err := r.addDNSMatchPolicy(matchDomains, config.ServerIP); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("add dns match policy: %w", err)
+		}
 	} else {
-		err = removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath)
-	}
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("add dns match policy: %w", err)
+		if err := r.removeDNSMatchPolicies(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove dns match policies: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
-	err = r.updateSearchDomains(searchDomains)
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := r.updateSearchDomains(searchDomains); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("update search domains: %w", err)
 	}
 
@@ -103,9 +120,8 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager
 }
 
 func (r *registryConfigurator) addDNSSetupForAll(ip string) error {
-	err := r.setInterfaceRegistryKeyStringValue(interfaceConfigNameServerKey, ip)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("adding dns setup for all failed with error: %w", err)
+	if err := r.setInterfaceRegistryKeyStringValue(interfaceConfigNameServerKey, ip); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("adding dns setup for all failed: %w", err)
 	}
 	r.routingAll = true
 	log.Infof("configured %s:53 as main DNS forwarder for this peer", ip)
@@ -113,64 +129,70 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) addDNSSetupForAll(ip string) error {
 }
 
 func (r *registryConfigurator) addDNSMatchPolicy(domains []string, ip string) error {
-	_, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, registry.QUERY_VALUE)
-	if err == nil {
-		err = registry.DeleteKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to remove existing key from registry, key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, err)
+	// if the gpo key is present, we need to put our DNS settings there, otherwise our config might be ignored
+	// see https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-gpnrpt/8cc31cb9-20cb-4140-9e85-3e08703b4745
+	if r.gpo {
+		if err := r.configureDNSPolicy(gpoDnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, domains, ip); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("configure GPO DNS policy: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if err := r.configureDNSPolicy(dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, domains, ip); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("configure local DNS policy: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		if err := refreshGroupPolicy(); err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to refresh group policy: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		if err := r.configureDNSPolicy(dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, domains, ip); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("configure local DNS policy: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
 
-	regKey, _, err := registry.CreateKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, registry.SET_VALUE)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to create registry key, key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath, err)
+	log.Infof("added %d match domains. Domain list: %s", len(domains), domains)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// configureDNSPolicy handles the actual configuration of a DNS policy at the specified path
+func (r *registryConfigurator) configureDNSPolicy(policyPath string, domains []string, ip string) error {
+	if err := removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(policyPath); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove existing dns policy: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	err = regKey.SetDWordValue(dnsPolicyConfigVersionKey, dnsPolicyConfigVersionValue)
+	regKey, _, err := registry.CreateKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, policyPath, registry.SET_VALUE)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to set registry value for %s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigVersionKey, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("create registry key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s: %w", policyPath, err)
+	}
+	defer closer(regKey)
+
+	if err := regKey.SetDWordValue(dnsPolicyConfigVersionKey, dnsPolicyConfigVersionValue); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set %s: %w", dnsPolicyConfigVersionKey, err)
 	}
 
-	err = regKey.SetStringsValue(dnsPolicyConfigNameKey, domains)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to set registry value for %s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigNameKey, err)
+	if err := regKey.SetStringsValue(dnsPolicyConfigNameKey, domains); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set %s: %w", dnsPolicyConfigNameKey, err)
 	}
 
-	err = regKey.SetStringValue(dnsPolicyConfigGenericDNSServersKey, ip)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to set registry value for %s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigGenericDNSServersKey, err)
+	if err := regKey.SetStringValue(dnsPolicyConfigGenericDNSServersKey, ip); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set %s: %w", dnsPolicyConfigGenericDNSServersKey, err)
 	}
 
-	err = regKey.SetDWordValue(dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsKey, dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsValue)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to set registry value for %s, error: %w", dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsKey, err)
+	if err := regKey.SetDWordValue(dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsKey, dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsValue); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set %s: %w", dnsPolicyConfigConfigOptionsKey, err)
 	}
 
-	log.Infof("added %d match domains to the state. Domain list: %s", len(domains), domains)
-
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (r *registryConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
-	if err := removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("remove registry key from dns policy config: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.deleteInterfaceRegistryKeyProperty(interfaceConfigSearchListKey); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove interface registry key: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return nil
+func (r *registryConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "registry"
 }
 
 func (r *registryConfigurator) updateSearchDomains(domains []string) error {
-	err := r.setInterfaceRegistryKeyStringValue(interfaceConfigSearchListKey, strings.Join(domains, ","))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("adding search domain failed with error: %w", err)
+	if err := r.setInterfaceRegistryKeyStringValue(interfaceConfigSearchListKey, strings.Join(domains, ",")); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("update search domains: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	log.Infof("updated the search domains in the registry with %d domains. Domain list: %s", len(domains), domains)
-
+	log.Infof("updated search domains: %s", domains)
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -181,11 +203,9 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) setInterfaceRegistryKeyStringValue(key, value str
 	}
 	defer closer(regKey)
 
-	err = regKey.SetStringValue(key, value)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("applying key %s with value \"%s\" for interface failed with error: %w", key, value, err)
+	if err := regKey.SetStringValue(key, value); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("set key %s=%s: %w", key, value, err)
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -196,43 +216,91 @@ func (r *registryConfigurator) deleteInterfaceRegistryKeyProperty(propertyKey st
 	}
 	defer closer(regKey)
 
-	err = regKey.DeleteValue(propertyKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("deleting registry key %s for interface failed with error: %w", propertyKey, err)
+	if err := regKey.DeleteValue(propertyKey); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete registry key %s: %w", propertyKey, err)
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (r *registryConfigurator) getInterfaceRegistryKey() (registry.Key, error) {
-	var regKey registry.Key
-
 	regKeyPath := interfaceConfigPath + "\\" + r.guid
-
 	regKey, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, regKeyPath, registry.SET_VALUE)
 	if err != nil {
-		return regKey, fmt.Errorf("unable to open the interface registry key, key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s, error: %w", regKeyPath, err)
+		return regKey, fmt.Errorf("open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s: %w", regKeyPath, err)
 	}
-
 	return regKey, nil
 }
 
-func (r *registryConfigurator) restoreUncleanShutdownDNS() error {
-	if err := r.restoreHostDNS(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("restoring dns via registry: %w", err)
+func (r *registryConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
+	if err := r.removeDNSMatchPolicies(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("remove dns match policies: %s", err)
 	}
+
+	if err := r.deleteInterfaceRegistryKeyProperty(interfaceConfigSearchListKey); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove interface registry key: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (r *registryConfigurator) removeDNSMatchPolicies() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	if err := removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(dnsPolicyConfigMatchPath); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove local registry key: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if err := removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(gpoDnsPolicyConfigMatchPath); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove GPO registry key: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	if err := refreshGroupPolicy(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("refresh group policy: %w", err))
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+func (r *registryConfigurator) restoreUncleanShutdownDNS() error {
+	return r.restoreHostDNS()
+}
+
 func removeRegistryKeyFromDNSPolicyConfig(regKeyPath string) error {
 	k, err := registry.OpenKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, regKeyPath, registry.QUERY_VALUE)
-	if err == nil {
-		defer closer(k)
-		err = registry.DeleteKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, regKeyPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("unable to remove existing key from registry, key: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s, error: %w", regKeyPath, err)
-		}
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Debugf("failed to open HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s: %v", regKeyPath, err)
+		return nil
 	}
+
+	closer(k)
+	if err := registry.DeleteKey(registry.LOCAL_MACHINE, regKeyPath); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("delete HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\%s: %w", regKeyPath, err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func refreshGroupPolicy() error {
+	// refreshPolicyExFn.Call() panics if the func is not found
+	defer func() {
+		if r := recover(); r != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Recovered from panic: %v", r)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	ret, _, err := refreshPolicyExFn.Call(
+		// bMachine = TRUE (computer policy)
+		uintptr(1),
+		// dwOptions = RP_FORCE
+		uintptr(rpForce),
+	)
+
+	if ret == 0 {
+		if err != nil && !errors.Is(err, syscall.Errno(0)) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("RefreshPolicyEx failed: %w", err)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("RefreshPolicyEx failed")
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 

client/internal/dns/local.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package dns
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ type registrationMap map[string]struct{}
 
 type localResolver struct {
 	registeredMap registrationMap
-	records       sync.Map
+	records       sync.Map // key: string (domain_class_type), value: []dns.RR
 }
 
 func (d *localResolver) MatchSubdomains() bool {
@@ -29,20 +30,26 @@ func (d *localResolver) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("local resolver [%d records]", len(d.registeredMap))
 }
 
+// ID returns the unique handler ID
+func (d *localResolver) id() handlerID {
+	return "local-resolver"
+}
+
 // ServeDNS handles a DNS request
 func (d *localResolver) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	if len(r.Question) > 0 {
-		log.Tracef("received question: domain=%s type=%v class=%v", r.Question[0].Name, r.Question[0].Qtype, r.Question[0].Qclass)
+		log.Tracef("received local question: domain=%s type=%v class=%v", r.Question[0].Name, r.Question[0].Qtype, r.Question[0].Qclass)
 	}
 
 	replyMessage := &dns.Msg{}
 	replyMessage.SetReply(r)
 	replyMessage.RecursionAvailable = true
-	replyMessage.Rcode = dns.RcodeSuccess
 
-	response := d.lookupRecord(r)
-	if response != nil {
-		replyMessage.Answer = append(replyMessage.Answer, response)
+	// lookup all records matching the question
+	records := d.lookupRecords(r)
+	if len(records) > 0 {
+		replyMessage.Rcode = dns.RcodeSuccess
+		replyMessage.Answer = append(replyMessage.Answer, records...)
 	} else {
 		replyMessage.Rcode = dns.RcodeNameError
 	}
@@ -53,37 +60,65 @@ func (d *localResolver) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (d *localResolver) lookupRecord(r *dns.Msg) dns.RR {
+// lookupRecords fetches *all* DNS records matching the first question in r.
+func (d *localResolver) lookupRecords(r *dns.Msg) []dns.RR {
+	if len(r.Question) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
 	question := r.Question[0]
-	record, found := d.records.Load(buildRecordKey(question.Name, question.Qclass, question.Qtype))
+	question.Name = strings.ToLower(question.Name)
+	key := buildRecordKey(question.Name, question.Qclass, question.Qtype)
+
+	value, found := d.records.Load(key)
 	if !found {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	return record.(dns.RR)
-}
-
-func (d *localResolver) registerRecord(record nbdns.SimpleRecord) error {
-	fullRecord, err := dns.NewRR(record.String())
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("register record: %w", err)
+	records, ok := value.([]dns.RR)
+	if !ok {
+		log.Errorf("failed to cast records to []dns.RR, records: %v", value)
+		return nil
 	}
 
-	fullRecord.Header().Rdlength = record.Len()
+	// if there's more than one record, rotate them (round-robin)
+	if len(records) > 1 {
+		first := records[0]
+		records = append(records[1:], first)
+		d.records.Store(key, records)
+	}
 
-	header := fullRecord.Header()
-	d.records.Store(buildRecordKey(header.Name, header.Class, header.Rrtype), fullRecord)
-
-	return nil
+	return records
 }
 
+// registerRecord stores a new record by appending it to any existing list
+func (d *localResolver) registerRecord(record nbdns.SimpleRecord) (string, error) {
+	rr, err := dns.NewRR(record.String())
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("register record: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	rr.Header().Rdlength = record.Len()
+	header := rr.Header()
+	key := buildRecordKey(header.Name, header.Class, header.Rrtype)
+
+	// load any existing slice of records, then append
+	existing, _ := d.records.LoadOrStore(key, []dns.RR{})
+	records := existing.([]dns.RR)
+	records = append(records, rr)
+
+	// store updated slice
+	d.records.Store(key, records)
+	return key, nil
+}
+
+// deleteRecord removes *all* records under the recordKey.
 func (d *localResolver) deleteRecord(recordKey string) {
 	d.records.Delete(dns.Fqdn(recordKey))
 }
 
+// buildRecordKey consistently generates a key: name_class_type
 func buildRecordKey(name string, class, qType uint16) string {
-	key := fmt.Sprintf("%s_%d_%d", name, class, qType)
-	return key
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%d_%d", dns.Fqdn(name), class, qType)
 }
 
 func (d *localResolver) probeAvailability() {}

client/internal/dns/local_test.go

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func TestLocalResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
 			resolver := &localResolver{
 				registeredMap: make(registrationMap),
 			}
-			_ = resolver.registerRecord(testCase.inputRecord)
+			_, _ = resolver.registerRecord(testCase.inputRecord)
 			var responseMSG *dns.Msg
 			responseWriter := &mockResponseWriter{
 				WriteMsgFunc: func(m *dns.Msg) error {

client/internal/dns/network_manager_unix.go

@@ -179,6 +179,10 @@ func (n *networkManagerDbusConfigurator) restoreHostDNS() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (n *networkManagerDbusConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "network-manager"
+}
+
 func (n *networkManagerDbusConfigurator) getAppliedConnectionSettings() (networkManagerConnSettings, networkManagerConfigVersion, error) {
 	obj, closeConn, err := getDbusObject(networkManagerDest, n.dbusLinkObject)
 	if err != nil {

client/internal/dns/resolvconf_unix.go

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func (r *resolvconf) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateManager *stateman
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Errorf("restore host dns: %s", err)
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to configure DNS for this peer using resolvconf manager without a nameserver group with all domains configured")
+		return ErrRouteAllWithoutNameserverGroup
 	}
 
 	searchDomainList := searchDomains(config)
@@ -139,6 +139,10 @@ func (r *resolvconf) restoreHostDNS() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (r *resolvconf) string() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("resolvconf (%s)", r.implType)
+}
+
 func (r *resolvconf) applyConfig(content bytes.Buffer) error {
 	var cmd *exec.Cmd
 

client/internal/dns/server.go

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ package dns
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/netip"
 	"runtime"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/listener"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 )
 
@@ -42,7 +43,12 @@ type Server interface {
 	ProbeAvailability()
 }
 
-type registeredHandlerMap map[string]handlerWithStop
+type handlerID string
+
+type nsGroupsByDomain struct {
+	domain string
+	groups []*nbdns.NameServerGroup
+}
 
 // DefaultServer dns server object
 type DefaultServer struct {
@@ -52,7 +58,6 @@ type DefaultServer struct {
 	mux                sync.Mutex
 	service            service
 	dnsMuxMap          registeredHandlerMap
-	handlerPriorities  map[string]int
 	localResolver      *localResolver
 	wgInterface        WGIface
 	hostManager        hostManager
@@ -77,14 +82,17 @@ type handlerWithStop interface {
 	dns.Handler
 	stop()
 	probeAvailability()
+	id() handlerID
 }
 
-type muxUpdate struct {
+type handlerWrapper struct {
 	domain   string
 	handler  handlerWithStop
 	priority int
 }
 
+type registeredHandlerMap map[handlerID]handlerWrapper
+
 // NewDefaultServer returns a new dns server
 func NewDefaultServer(
 	ctx context.Context,
@@ -158,13 +166,12 @@ func newDefaultServer(
 ) *DefaultServer {
 	ctx, stop := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	defaultServer := &DefaultServer{
-		ctx:               ctx,
-		ctxCancel:         stop,
-		disableSys:        disableSys,
-		service:           dnsService,
-		handlerChain:      NewHandlerChain(),
-		dnsMuxMap:         make(registeredHandlerMap),
-		handlerPriorities: make(map[string]int),
+		ctx:          ctx,
+		ctxCancel:    stop,
+		disableSys:   disableSys,
+		service:      dnsService,
+		handlerChain: NewHandlerChain(),
+		dnsMuxMap:    make(registeredHandlerMap),
 		localResolver: &localResolver{
 			registeredMap: make(registrationMap),
 		},
@@ -192,8 +199,7 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) registerHandler(domains []string, handler dns.Handler, p
 			log.Warn("skipping empty domain")
 			continue
 		}
-		s.handlerChain.AddHandler(domain, handler, priority, nil)
-		s.handlerPriorities[domain] = priority
+		s.handlerChain.AddHandler(domain, handler, priority)
 		s.service.RegisterMux(nbdns.NormalizeZone(domain), s.handlerChain)
 	}
 }
@@ -209,14 +215,15 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) deregisterHandler(domains []string, priority int) {
 	log.Debugf("deregistering handler %v with priority %d", domains, priority)
 
 	for _, domain := range domains {
+		if domain == "" {
+			log.Warn("skipping empty domain")
+			continue
+		}
+
 		s.handlerChain.RemoveHandler(domain, priority)
 
 		// Only deregister from service if no handlers remain
 		if !s.handlerChain.HasHandlers(domain) {
-			if domain == "" {
-				log.Warn("skipping empty domain")
-				continue
-			}
 			s.service.DeregisterMux(nbdns.NormalizeZone(domain))
 		}
 	}
@@ -283,14 +290,24 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) Stop() {
 
 // OnUpdatedHostDNSServer update the DNS servers addresses for root zones
 // It will be applied if the mgm server do not enforce DNS settings for root zone
+
 func (s *DefaultServer) OnUpdatedHostDNSServer(hostsDnsList []string) {
 	s.hostsDNSHolder.set(hostsDnsList)
 
-	_, ok := s.dnsMuxMap[nbdns.RootZone]
-	if ok {
+	// Check if there's any root handler
+	var hasRootHandler bool
+	for _, handler := range s.dnsMuxMap {
+		if handler.domain == nbdns.RootZone {
+			hasRootHandler = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if hasRootHandler {
 		log.Debugf("on new host DNS config but skip to apply it")
 		return
 	}
+
 	log.Debugf("update host DNS settings: %+v", hostsDnsList)
 	s.addHostRootZone()
 }
@@ -364,7 +381,7 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) ProbeAvailability() {
 		go func(mux handlerWithStop) {
 			defer wg.Done()
 			mux.probeAvailability()
-		}(mux)
+		}(mux.handler)
 	}
 	wg.Wait()
 }
@@ -378,18 +395,22 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) applyConfiguration(update nbdns.Config) error {
 		s.service.Stop()
 	}
 
-	localMuxUpdates, localRecords, err := s.buildLocalHandlerUpdate(update.CustomZones)
+	localMuxUpdates, localRecordsByDomain, err := s.buildLocalHandlerUpdate(update.CustomZones)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("not applying dns update, error: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("local handler updater: %w", err)
 	}
+
 	upstreamMuxUpdates, err := s.buildUpstreamHandlerUpdate(update.NameServerGroups)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("not applying dns update, error: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("upstream handler updater: %w", err)
 	}
 	muxUpdates := append(localMuxUpdates, upstreamMuxUpdates...) //nolint:gocritic
 
 	s.updateMux(muxUpdates)
-	s.updateLocalResolver(localRecords)
+
+	// register local records
+	s.updateLocalResolver(localRecordsByDomain)
+
 	s.currentConfig = dnsConfigToHostDNSConfig(update, s.service.RuntimeIP(), s.service.RuntimePort())
 
 	hostUpdate := s.currentConfig
@@ -401,6 +422,7 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) applyConfiguration(update nbdns.Config) error {
 
 	if err = s.hostManager.applyDNSConfig(hostUpdate, s.stateManager); err != nil {
 		log.Error(err)
+		s.handleErrNoGroupaAll(err)
 	}
 
 	go func() {
@@ -419,42 +441,111 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) applyConfiguration(update nbdns.Config) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (s *DefaultServer) buildLocalHandlerUpdate(customZones []nbdns.CustomZone) ([]muxUpdate, map[string]nbdns.SimpleRecord, error) {
-	var muxUpdates []muxUpdate
-	localRecords := make(map[string]nbdns.SimpleRecord, 0)
+func (s *DefaultServer) handleErrNoGroupaAll(err error) {
+	if !errors.Is(ErrRouteAllWithoutNameserverGroup, err) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	if s.statusRecorder == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	s.statusRecorder.PublishEvent(
+		cProto.SystemEvent_WARNING, cProto.SystemEvent_DNS,
+		"The host dns manager does not support match domains",
+		"The host dns manager does not support match domains without a catch-all nameserver group.",
+		map[string]string{"manager": s.hostManager.string()},
+	)
+}
+
+func (s *DefaultServer) buildLocalHandlerUpdate(
+	customZones []nbdns.CustomZone,
+) ([]handlerWrapper, map[string][]nbdns.SimpleRecord, error) {
+	var muxUpdates []handlerWrapper
+	localRecords := make(map[string][]nbdns.SimpleRecord)
 
 	for _, customZone := range customZones {
 		if len(customZone.Records) == 0 {
-			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("received an empty list of records")
+			log.Warnf("received a custom zone with empty records, skipping domain: %s", customZone.Domain)
+			continue
 		}
 
-		muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, muxUpdate{
+		muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, handlerWrapper{
 			domain:   customZone.Domain,
 			handler:  s.localResolver,
 			priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
 		})
 
+		// group all records under this domain
 		for _, record := range customZone.Records {
 			var class uint16 = dns.ClassINET
 			if record.Class != nbdns.DefaultClass {
-				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("received an invalid class type: %s", record.Class)
+				log.Warnf("received an invalid class type: %s", record.Class)
+				continue
 			}
+
 			key := buildRecordKey(record.Name, class, uint16(record.Type))
-			localRecords[key] = record
+
+			localRecords[key] = append(localRecords[key], record)
 		}
 	}
+
 	return muxUpdates, localRecords, nil
 }
 
-func (s *DefaultServer) buildUpstreamHandlerUpdate(nameServerGroups []*nbdns.NameServerGroup) ([]muxUpdate, error) {
+func (s *DefaultServer) buildUpstreamHandlerUpdate(nameServerGroups []*nbdns.NameServerGroup) ([]handlerWrapper, error) {
+	var muxUpdates []handlerWrapper
 
-	var muxUpdates []muxUpdate
 	for _, nsGroup := range nameServerGroups {
 		if len(nsGroup.NameServers) == 0 {
 			log.Warn("received a nameserver group with empty nameserver list")
 			continue
 		}
 
+		if !nsGroup.Primary && len(nsGroup.Domains) == 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("received a non primary nameserver group with an empty domain list")
+		}
+
+		for _, domain := range nsGroup.Domains {
+			if domain == "" {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("received a nameserver group with an empty domain element")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	groupedNS := groupNSGroupsByDomain(nameServerGroups)
+
+	for _, domainGroup := range groupedNS {
+		basePriority := PriorityMatchDomain
+		if domainGroup.domain == nbdns.RootZone {
+			basePriority = PriorityDefault
+		}
+
+		updates, err := s.createHandlersForDomainGroup(domainGroup, basePriority)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, updates...)
+	}
+
+	return muxUpdates, nil
+}
+
+func (s *DefaultServer) createHandlersForDomainGroup(domainGroup nsGroupsByDomain, basePriority int) ([]handlerWrapper, error) {
+	var muxUpdates []handlerWrapper
+
+	for i, nsGroup := range domainGroup.groups {
+		// Decrement priority by handler index (0, 1, 2, ...) to avoid conflicts
+		priority := basePriority - i
+
+		// Check if we're about to overlap with the next priority tier
+		if basePriority == PriorityMatchDomain && priority <= PriorityDefault {
+			log.Warnf("too many handlers for domain=%s, would overlap with default priority tier (diff=%d). Skipping remaining handlers",
+				domainGroup.domain, PriorityMatchDomain-PriorityDefault)
+			break
+		}
+
+		log.Debugf("creating handler for domain=%s with priority=%d", domainGroup.domain, priority)
 		handler, err := newUpstreamResolver(
 			s.ctx,
 			s.wgInterface.Name(),
@@ -462,10 +553,12 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) buildUpstreamHandlerUpdate(nameServerGroups []*nbdns.Nam
 			s.wgInterface.Address().Network,
 			s.statusRecorder,
 			s.hostsDNSHolder,
+			domainGroup.domain,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to create a new upstream resolver, error: %v", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create upstream resolver: %v", err)
 		}
+
 		for _, ns := range nsGroup.NameServers {
 			if ns.NSType != nbdns.UDPNameServerType {
 				log.Warnf("skipping nameserver %s with type %s, this peer supports only %s",
@@ -489,81 +582,51 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) buildUpstreamHandlerUpdate(nameServerGroups []*nbdns.Nam
 		// after some period defined by upstream it tries to reactivate self by calling this hook
 		// everything we need here is just to re-apply current configuration because it already
 		// contains this upstream settings (temporal deactivation not removed it)
-		handler.deactivate, handler.reactivate = s.upstreamCallbacks(nsGroup, handler)
+		handler.deactivate, handler.reactivate = s.upstreamCallbacks(nsGroup, handler, priority)
 
-		if nsGroup.Primary {
-			muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, muxUpdate{
-				domain:   nbdns.RootZone,
-				handler:  handler,
-				priority: PriorityDefault,
-			})
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if len(nsGroup.Domains) == 0 {
-			handler.stop()
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("received a non primary nameserver group with an empty domain list")
-		}
-
-		for _, domain := range nsGroup.Domains {
-			if domain == "" {
-				handler.stop()
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("received a nameserver group with an empty domain element")
-			}
-			muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, muxUpdate{
-				domain:   domain,
-				handler:  handler,
-				priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
-			})
-		}
+		muxUpdates = append(muxUpdates, handlerWrapper{
+			domain:   domainGroup.domain,
+			handler:  handler,
+			priority: priority,
+		})
 	}
 
 	return muxUpdates, nil
 }
 
-func (s *DefaultServer) updateMux(muxUpdates []muxUpdate) {
-	muxUpdateMap := make(registeredHandlerMap)
-	handlersByPriority := make(map[string]int)
-
-	var isContainRootUpdate bool
-
-	// First register new handlers
-	for _, update := range muxUpdates {
-		s.registerHandler([]string{update.domain}, update.handler, update.priority)
-		muxUpdateMap[update.domain] = update.handler
-		handlersByPriority[update.domain] = update.priority
-
-		if existingHandler, ok := s.dnsMuxMap[update.domain]; ok {
-			existingHandler.stop()
-		}
-
-		if update.domain == nbdns.RootZone {
-			isContainRootUpdate = true
-		}
+func (s *DefaultServer) updateMux(muxUpdates []handlerWrapper) {
+	// this will introduce a short period of time when the server is not able to handle DNS requests
+	for _, existing := range s.dnsMuxMap {
+		s.deregisterHandler([]string{existing.domain}, existing.priority)
+		existing.handler.stop()
 	}
 
-	// Then deregister old handlers not in the update
-	for key, existingHandler := range s.dnsMuxMap {
-		_, found := muxUpdateMap[key]
-		if !found {
-			if !isContainRootUpdate && key == nbdns.RootZone {
+	muxUpdateMap := make(registeredHandlerMap)
+	var containsRootUpdate bool
+
+	for _, update := range muxUpdates {
+		if update.domain == nbdns.RootZone {
+			containsRootUpdate = true
+		}
+		s.registerHandler([]string{update.domain}, update.handler, update.priority)
+		muxUpdateMap[update.handler.id()] = update
+	}
+
+	// If there's no root update and we had a root handler, restore it
+	if !containsRootUpdate {
+		for _, existing := range s.dnsMuxMap {
+			if existing.domain == nbdns.RootZone {
 				s.addHostRootZone()
-				existingHandler.stop()
-			} else {
-				existingHandler.stop()
-				// Deregister with the priority that was used to register
-				if oldPriority, ok := s.handlerPriorities[key]; ok {
-					s.deregisterHandler([]string{key}, oldPriority)
-				}
+				break
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	s.dnsMuxMap = muxUpdateMap
-	s.handlerPriorities = handlersByPriority
 }
 
-func (s *DefaultServer) updateLocalResolver(update map[string]nbdns.SimpleRecord) {
+func (s *DefaultServer) updateLocalResolver(update map[string][]nbdns.SimpleRecord) {
+	// remove old records that are no longer present
 	for key := range s.localResolver.registeredMap {
 		_, found := update[key]
 		if !found {
@@ -572,12 +635,18 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) updateLocalResolver(update map[string]nbdns.SimpleRecord
 	}
 
 	updatedMap := make(registrationMap)
-	for key, record := range update {
-		err := s.localResolver.registerRecord(record)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("got an error while registering the record (%s), error: %v", record.String(), err)
+	for _, recs := range update {
+		for _, rec := range recs {
+			// convert the record to a dns.RR and register
+			key, err := s.localResolver.registerRecord(rec)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Warnf("got an error while registering the record (%s), error: %v",
+					rec.String(), err)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			updatedMap[key] = struct{}{}
 		}
-		updatedMap[key] = struct{}{}
 	}
 
 	s.localResolver.registeredMap = updatedMap
@@ -593,6 +662,7 @@ func getNSHostPort(ns nbdns.NameServer) string {
 func (s *DefaultServer) upstreamCallbacks(
 	nsGroup *nbdns.NameServerGroup,
 	handler dns.Handler,
+	priority int,
 ) (deactivate func(error), reactivate func()) {
 	var removeIndex map[string]int
 	deactivate = func(err error) {
@@ -609,18 +679,19 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) upstreamCallbacks(
 		if nsGroup.Primary {
 			removeIndex[nbdns.RootZone] = -1
 			s.currentConfig.RouteAll = false
-			s.deregisterHandler([]string{nbdns.RootZone}, PriorityDefault)
+			s.deregisterHandler([]string{nbdns.RootZone}, priority)
 		}
 
 		for i, item := range s.currentConfig.Domains {
 			if _, found := removeIndex[item.Domain]; found {
 				s.currentConfig.Domains[i].Disabled = true
-				s.deregisterHandler([]string{item.Domain}, PriorityMatchDomain)
+				s.deregisterHandler([]string{item.Domain}, priority)
 				removeIndex[item.Domain] = i
 			}
 		}
 
 		if err := s.hostManager.applyDNSConfig(s.currentConfig, s.stateManager); err != nil {
+			s.handleErrNoGroupaAll(err)
 			l.Errorf("Failed to apply nameserver deactivation on the host: %v", err)
 		}
 
@@ -635,8 +706,8 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) upstreamCallbacks(
 		}
 
 		s.updateNSState(nsGroup, err, false)
-
 	}
+
 	reactivate = func() {
 		s.mux.Lock()
 		defer s.mux.Unlock()
@@ -646,7 +717,7 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) upstreamCallbacks(
 				continue
 			}
 			s.currentConfig.Domains[i].Disabled = false
-			s.registerHandler([]string{domain}, handler, PriorityMatchDomain)
+			s.registerHandler([]string{domain}, handler, priority)
 		}
 
 		l := log.WithField("nameservers", nsGroup.NameServers)
@@ -654,11 +725,12 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) upstreamCallbacks(
 
 		if nsGroup.Primary {
 			s.currentConfig.RouteAll = true
-			s.registerHandler([]string{nbdns.RootZone}, handler, PriorityDefault)
+			s.registerHandler([]string{nbdns.RootZone}, handler, priority)
 		}
 
 		if s.hostManager != nil {
 			if err := s.hostManager.applyDNSConfig(s.currentConfig, s.stateManager); err != nil {
+				s.handleErrNoGroupaAll(err)
 				l.WithError(err).Error("reactivate temporary disabled nameserver group, DNS update apply")
 			}
 		}
@@ -676,6 +748,7 @@ func (s *DefaultServer) addHostRootZone() {
 		s.wgInterface.Address().Network,
 		s.statusRecorder,
 		s.hostsDNSHolder,
+		nbdns.RootZone,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("unable to create a new upstream resolver, error: %v", err)
@@ -732,5 +805,34 @@ func generateGroupKey(nsGroup *nbdns.NameServerGroup) string {
 	for _, ns := range nsGroup.NameServers {
 		servers = append(servers, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", ns.IP, ns.Port))
 	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s_%s", nsGroup.ID, nsGroup.Name, strings.Join(servers, ","))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%v_%v", servers, nsGroup.Domains)
+}
+
+// groupNSGroupsByDomain groups nameserver groups by their match domains
+func groupNSGroupsByDomain(nsGroups []*nbdns.NameServerGroup) []nsGroupsByDomain {
+	domainMap := make(map[string][]*nbdns.NameServerGroup)
+
+	for _, group := range nsGroups {
+		if group.Primary {
+			domainMap[nbdns.RootZone] = append(domainMap[nbdns.RootZone], group)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for _, domain := range group.Domains {
+			if domain == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			domainMap[domain] = append(domainMap[domain], group)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var result []nsGroupsByDomain
+	for domain, groups := range domainMap {
+		result = append(result, nsGroupsByDomain{
+			domain: domain,
+			groups: groups,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return result
 }

client/internal/dns/server_test.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/mock"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 
@@ -88,6 +89,18 @@ func init() {
 	formatter.SetTextFormatter(log.StandardLogger())
 }
 
+func generateDummyHandler(domain string, servers []nbdns.NameServer) *upstreamResolverBase {
+	var srvs []string
+	for _, srv := range servers {
+		srvs = append(srvs, getNSHostPort(srv))
+	}
+	return &upstreamResolverBase{
+		domain:          domain,
+		upstreamServers: srvs,
+		cancel:          func() {},
+	}
+}
+
 func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 	nameServers := []nbdns.NameServer{
 		{
@@ -140,15 +153,37 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
-			expectedUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{"netbird.io": dummyHandler, "netbird.cloud": dummyHandler, nbdns.RootZone: dummyHandler},
-			expectedLocalMap:    registrationMap{buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1): struct{}{}},
+			expectedUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{
+				generateDummyHandler("netbird.io", nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   "netbird.io",
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				dummyHandler.id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   "netbird.cloud",
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				generateDummyHandler(".", nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   nbdns.RootZone,
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityDefault,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedLocalMap: registrationMap{buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1): struct{}{}},
 		},
 		{
-			name:            "New Config Should Succeed",
-			initLocalMap:    registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
-			initUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1): dummyHandler},
-			initSerial:      0,
-			inputSerial:     1,
+			name:         "New Config Should Succeed",
+			initLocalMap: registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
+			initUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{
+				generateDummyHandler(zoneRecords[0].Name, nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1),
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
+			initSerial:  0,
+			inputSerial: 1,
 			inputUpdate: nbdns.Config{
 				ServiceEnable: true,
 				CustomZones: []nbdns.CustomZone{
@@ -164,8 +199,19 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
-			expectedUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{"netbird.io": dummyHandler, "netbird.cloud": dummyHandler},
-			expectedLocalMap:    registrationMap{buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1): struct{}{}},
+			expectedUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{
+				generateDummyHandler("netbird.io", nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   "netbird.io",
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				"local-resolver": handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   "netbird.cloud",
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedLocalMap: registrationMap{buildRecordKey(zoneRecords[0].Name, 1, 1): struct{}{}},
 		},
 		{
 			name:            "Smaller Config Serial Should Be Skipped",
@@ -220,7 +266,7 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 			shouldFail: true,
 		},
 		{
-			name:            "Invalid Custom Zone Records list Should Fail",
+			name:            "Invalid Custom Zone Records list Should Skip",
 			initLocalMap:    make(registrationMap),
 			initUpstreamMap: make(registeredHandlerMap),
 			initSerial:      0,
@@ -239,12 +285,22 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
-			shouldFail: true,
+			expectedUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{generateDummyHandler(".", nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+				domain:   ".",
+				handler:  dummyHandler,
+				priority: PriorityDefault,
+			}},
 		},
 		{
-			name:                "Empty Config Should Succeed and Clean Maps",
-			initLocalMap:        registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
-			initUpstreamMap:     registeredHandlerMap{zoneRecords[0].Name: dummyHandler},
+			name:         "Empty Config Should Succeed and Clean Maps",
+			initLocalMap: registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
+			initUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{
+				generateDummyHandler(zoneRecords[0].Name, nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   zoneRecords[0].Name,
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
 			initSerial:          0,
 			inputSerial:         1,
 			inputUpdate:         nbdns.Config{ServiceEnable: true},
@@ -252,9 +308,15 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedLocalMap:    make(registrationMap),
 		},
 		{
-			name:                "Disabled Service Should clean map",
-			initLocalMap:        registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
-			initUpstreamMap:     registeredHandlerMap{zoneRecords[0].Name: dummyHandler},
+			name:         "Disabled Service Should clean map",
+			initLocalMap: registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}},
+			initUpstreamMap: registeredHandlerMap{
+				generateDummyHandler(zoneRecords[0].Name, nameServers).id(): handlerWrapper{
+					domain:   zoneRecords[0].Name,
+					handler:  dummyHandler,
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
 			initSerial:          0,
 			inputSerial:         1,
 			inputUpdate:         nbdns.Config{ServiceEnable: false},
@@ -294,7 +356,7 @@ func TestUpdateDNSServer(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Log(err)
 				}
 			}()
-			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), wgIface, "", &peer.Status{}, nil, false)
+			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), wgIface, "", peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), nil, false)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatal(err)
 			}
@@ -403,7 +465,7 @@ func TestDNSFakeResolverHandleUpdates(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), wgIface, "", &peer.Status{}, nil, false)
+	dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), wgIface, "", peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), nil, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("create DNS server: %v", err)
 		return
@@ -421,7 +483,13 @@ func TestDNSFakeResolverHandleUpdates(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	dnsServer.dnsMuxMap = registeredHandlerMap{zoneRecords[0].Name: &localResolver{}}
+	dnsServer.dnsMuxMap = registeredHandlerMap{
+		"id1": handlerWrapper{
+			domain:   zoneRecords[0].Name,
+			handler:  &localResolver{},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+		},
+	}
 	dnsServer.localResolver.registeredMap = registrationMap{"netbird.cloud": struct{}{}}
 	dnsServer.updateSerial = 0
 
@@ -498,7 +566,7 @@ func TestDNSServerStartStop(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
 		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), &mocWGIface{}, testCase.addrPort, &peer.Status{}, nil, false)
+			dnsServer, err := NewDefaultServer(context.Background(), &mocWGIface{}, testCase.addrPort, peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), nil, false)
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("%v", err)
 			}
@@ -509,7 +577,7 @@ func TestDNSServerStartStop(t *testing.T) {
 			}
 			time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
 			defer dnsServer.Stop()
-			err = dnsServer.localResolver.registerRecord(zoneRecords[0])
+			_, err = dnsServer.localResolver.registerRecord(zoneRecords[0])
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Error(err)
 			}
@@ -562,9 +630,8 @@ func TestDNSServerUpstreamDeactivateCallback(t *testing.T) {
 		localResolver: &localResolver{
 			registeredMap: make(registrationMap),
 		},
-		handlerChain:      NewHandlerChain(),
-		handlerPriorities: make(map[string]int),
-		hostManager:       hostManager,
+		handlerChain: NewHandlerChain(),
+		hostManager:  hostManager,
 		currentConfig: HostDNSConfig{
 			Domains: []DomainConfig{
 				{false, "domain0", false},
@@ -572,7 +639,7 @@ func TestDNSServerUpstreamDeactivateCallback(t *testing.T) {
 				{false, "domain2", false},
 			},
 		},
-		statusRecorder: &peer.Status{},
+		statusRecorder: peer.NewRecorder("mgm"),
 	}
 
 	var domainsUpdate string
@@ -593,7 +660,7 @@ func TestDNSServerUpstreamDeactivateCallback(t *testing.T) {
 		NameServers: []nbdns.NameServer{
 			{IP: netip.MustParseAddr("8.8.0.0"), NSType: nbdns.UDPNameServerType, Port: 53},
 		},
-	}, nil)
+	}, nil, 0)
 
 	deactivate(nil)
 	expected := "domain0,domain2"
@@ -633,7 +700,7 @@ func TestDNSPermanent_updateHostDNS_emptyUpstream(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var dnsList []string
 	dnsConfig := nbdns.Config{}
-	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, dnsList, dnsConfig, nil, &peer.Status{}, false)
+	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, dnsList, dnsConfig, nil, peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), false)
 	err = dnsServer.Initialize()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to initialize DNS server: %v", err)
@@ -657,7 +724,7 @@ func TestDNSPermanent_updateUpstream(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer wgIFace.Close()
 	dnsConfig := nbdns.Config{}
-	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, []string{"8.8.8.8"}, dnsConfig, nil, &peer.Status{}, false)
+	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, []string{"8.8.8.8"}, dnsConfig, nil, peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), false)
 	err = dnsServer.Initialize()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to initialize DNS server: %v", err)
@@ -749,7 +816,7 @@ func TestDNSPermanent_matchOnly(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	defer wgIFace.Close()
 	dnsConfig := nbdns.Config{}
-	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, []string{"8.8.8.8"}, dnsConfig, nil, &peer.Status{}, false)
+	dnsServer := NewDefaultServerPermanentUpstream(context.Background(), wgIFace, []string{"8.8.8.8"}, dnsConfig, nil, peer.NewRecorder("mgm"), false)
 	err = dnsServer.Initialize()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("failed to initialize DNS server: %v", err)
@@ -849,7 +916,7 @@ func createWgInterfaceWithBind(t *testing.T) (*iface.WGIface, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	pf, err := uspfilter.Create(wgIface)
+	pf, err := uspfilter.Create(wgIface, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create uspfilter: %v", err)
 		return nil, err
@@ -903,8 +970,8 @@ func TestHandlerChain_DomainPriorities(t *testing.T) {
 		Subdomains: true,
 	}
 
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", dnsRouteHandler, PriorityDNSRoute, nil)
-	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", upstreamHandler, PriorityMatchDomain, nil)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", dnsRouteHandler, PriorityDNSRoute)
+	chain.AddHandler("example.com.", upstreamHandler, PriorityMatchDomain)
 
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name            string
@@ -959,3 +1026,421 @@ func TestHandlerChain_DomainPriorities(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+type mockHandler struct {
+	Id string
+}
+
+func (m *mockHandler) ServeDNS(dns.ResponseWriter, *dns.Msg) {}
+func (m *mockHandler) stop()                                 {}
+func (m *mockHandler) probeAvailability()                    {}
+func (m *mockHandler) id() handlerID                         { return handlerID(m.Id) }
+
+type mockService struct{}
+
+func (m *mockService) Listen() error                   { return nil }
+func (m *mockService) Stop()                           {}
+func (m *mockService) RuntimeIP() string               { return "127.0.0.1" }
+func (m *mockService) RuntimePort() int                { return 53 }
+func (m *mockService) RegisterMux(string, dns.Handler) {}
+func (m *mockService) DeregisterMux(string)            {}
+
+func TestDefaultServer_UpdateMux(t *testing.T) {
+	baseMatchHandlers := registeredHandlerMap{
+		"upstream-group1": {
+			domain: "example.com",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-group1",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+		},
+		"upstream-group2": {
+			domain: "example.com",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-group2",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+		},
+	}
+
+	baseRootHandlers := registeredHandlerMap{
+		"upstream-root1": {
+			domain: ".",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-root1",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityDefault,
+		},
+		"upstream-root2": {
+			domain: ".",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-root2",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityDefault - 1,
+		},
+	}
+
+	baseMixedHandlers := registeredHandlerMap{
+		"upstream-group1": {
+			domain: "example.com",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-group1",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+		},
+		"upstream-group2": {
+			domain: "example.com",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-group2",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+		},
+		"upstream-other": {
+			domain: "other.com",
+			handler: &mockHandler{
+				Id: "upstream-other",
+			},
+			priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+		},
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name             string
+		initialHandlers  registeredHandlerMap
+		updates          []handlerWrapper
+		expectedHandlers map[string]string // map[handlerID]domain
+		description      string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:            "Remove group1 from update",
+			initialHandlers: baseMatchHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				// Only group2 remains
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group2": "example.com",
+			},
+			description: "When group1 is not included in the update, it should be removed while group2 remains",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Remove group2 from update",
+			initialHandlers: baseMatchHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				// Only group1 remains
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group1": "example.com",
+			},
+			description: "When group2 is not included in the update, it should be removed while group1 remains",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Add group3 in first position",
+			initialHandlers: baseMatchHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				// Add group3 with highest priority
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group3",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain + 1,
+				},
+				// Keep existing groups with their original priorities
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group1": "example.com",
+				"upstream-group2": "example.com",
+				"upstream-group3": "example.com",
+			},
+			description: "When adding group3 with highest priority, it should be first in chain while maintaining existing groups",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Add group3 in last position",
+			initialHandlers: baseMatchHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				// Keep existing groups with their original priorities
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+				},
+				// Add group3 with lowest priority
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group3",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 2,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group1": "example.com",
+				"upstream-group2": "example.com",
+				"upstream-group3": "example.com",
+			},
+			description: "When adding group3 with lowest priority, it should be last in chain while maintaining existing groups",
+		},
+		// Root zone tests
+		{
+			name:            "Remove root1 from update",
+			initialHandlers: baseRootHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault - 1,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-root2": ".",
+			},
+			description: "When root1 is not included in the update, it should be removed while root2 remains",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Remove root2 from update",
+			initialHandlers: baseRootHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-root1": ".",
+			},
+			description: "When root2 is not included in the update, it should be removed while root1 remains",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Add root3 in first position",
+			initialHandlers: baseRootHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root3",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault + 1,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault - 1,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-root1": ".",
+				"upstream-root2": ".",
+				"upstream-root3": ".",
+			},
+			description: "When adding root3 with highest priority, it should be first in chain while maintaining existing root handlers",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Add root3 in last position",
+			initialHandlers: baseRootHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault - 1,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: ".",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-root3",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityDefault - 2,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-root1": ".",
+				"upstream-root2": ".",
+				"upstream-root3": ".",
+			},
+			description: "When adding root3 with lowest priority, it should be last in chain while maintaining existing root handlers",
+		},
+		// Mixed domain tests
+		{
+			name:            "Update with mixed domains - remove one of duplicate domain",
+			initialHandlers: baseMixedHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "other.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-other",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group1": "example.com",
+				"upstream-other":  "other.com",
+			},
+			description: "When updating mixed domains, should correctly handle removal of one duplicate while maintaining other domains",
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Update with mixed domains - add new domain",
+			initialHandlers: baseMixedHandlers,
+			updates: []handlerWrapper{
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group1",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "example.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-group2",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain - 1,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "other.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-other",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+				{
+					domain: "new.com",
+					handler: &mockHandler{
+						Id: "upstream-new",
+					},
+					priority: PriorityMatchDomain,
+				},
+			},
+			expectedHandlers: map[string]string{
+				"upstream-group1": "example.com",
+				"upstream-group2": "example.com",
+				"upstream-other":  "other.com",
+				"upstream-new":    "new.com",
+			},
+			description: "When updating mixed domains, should maintain existing duplicates and add new domain",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tt := range tests {
+		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			server := &DefaultServer{
+				dnsMuxMap:    tt.initialHandlers,
+				handlerChain: NewHandlerChain(),
+				service:      &mockService{},
+			}
+
+			// Perform the update
+			server.updateMux(tt.updates)
+
+			// Verify the results
+			assert.Equal(t, len(tt.expectedHandlers), len(server.dnsMuxMap),
+				"Number of handlers after update doesn't match expected")
+
+			// Check each expected handler
+			for id, expectedDomain := range tt.expectedHandlers {
+				handler, exists := server.dnsMuxMap[handlerID(id)]
+				assert.True(t, exists, "Expected handler %s not found", id)
+				if exists {
+					assert.Equal(t, expectedDomain, handler.domain,
+						"Domain mismatch for handler %s", id)
+				}
+			}
+
+			// Verify no unexpected handlers exist
+			for handlerID := range server.dnsMuxMap {
+				_, expected := tt.expectedHandlers[string(handlerID)]
+				assert.True(t, expected, "Unexpected handler found: %s", handlerID)
+			}
+
+			// Verify the handlerChain state and order
+			previousPriority := 0
+			for _, chainEntry := range server.handlerChain.handlers {
+				// Verify priority order
+				if previousPriority > 0 {
+					assert.True(t, chainEntry.Priority <= previousPriority,
+						"Handlers in chain not properly ordered by priority")
+				}
+				previousPriority = chainEntry.Priority
+
+				// Verify handler exists in mux
+				foundInMux := false
+				for _, muxEntry := range server.dnsMuxMap {
+					if chainEntry.Handler == muxEntry.handler &&
+						chainEntry.Priority == muxEntry.priority &&
+						chainEntry.Pattern == dns.Fqdn(muxEntry.domain) {
+						foundInMux = true
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				assert.True(t, foundInMux,
+					"Handler in chain not found in dnsMuxMap")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

client/internal/dns/service_memory.go

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ package dns
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"math/big"
 	"net"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -10,6 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
 	"github.com/miekg/dns"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 type ServiceViaMemory struct {
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ func NewServiceViaMemory(wgIface WGIface) *ServiceViaMemory {
 		wgInterface: wgIface,
 		dnsMux:      dns.NewServeMux(),
 
-		runtimeIP:   getLastIPFromNetwork(wgIface.Address().Network, 1),
+		runtimeIP:   nbnet.GetLastIPFromNetwork(wgIface.Address().Network, 1).String(),
 		runtimePort: defaultPort,
 	}
 	return s
@@ -118,22 +119,3 @@ func (s *ServiceViaMemory) filterDNSTraffic() (string, error) {
 
 	return filter.AddUDPPacketHook(false, net.ParseIP(s.runtimeIP), uint16(s.runtimePort), hook), nil
 }
-
-func getLastIPFromNetwork(network *net.IPNet, fromEnd int) string {
-	// Calculate the last IP in the CIDR range
-	var endIP net.IP
-	for i := 0; i < len(network.IP); i++ {
-		endIP = append(endIP, network.IP[i]|^network.Mask[i])
-	}
-
-	// convert to big.Int
-	endInt := big.NewInt(0)
-	endInt.SetBytes(endIP)
-
-	// subtract fromEnd from the last ip
-	fromEndBig := big.NewInt(int64(fromEnd))
-	resultInt := big.NewInt(0)
-	resultInt.Sub(endInt, fromEndBig)
-
-	return net.IP(resultInt.Bytes()).String()
-}

client/internal/dns/service_memory_test.go

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"net"
 	"testing"
+
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 func TestGetLastIPFromNetwork(t *testing.T) {
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ func TestGetLastIPFromNetwork(t *testing.T) {
 			return
 		}
 
-		lastIP := getLastIPFromNetwork(ipnet, 1)
+		lastIP := nbnet.GetLastIPFromNetwork(ipnet, 1).String()
 		if lastIP != tt.ip {
 			t.Errorf("wrong IP address, expected %s: got %s", tt.ip, lastIP)
 		}

client/internal/dns/systemd_linux.go

@@ -154,6 +154,10 @@ func (s *systemdDbusConfigurator) applyDNSConfig(config HostDNSConfig, stateMana
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (s *systemdDbusConfigurator) string() string {
+	return "dbus"
+}
+
 func (s *systemdDbusConfigurator) setDomainsForInterface(domainsInput []systemdDbusLinkDomainsInput) error {
 	err := s.callLinkMethod(systemdDbusSetDomainsMethodSuffix, domainsInput)
 	if err != nil {

client/internal/dns/unclean_shutdown_windows.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 
 type ShutdownState struct {
 	Guid string
+	GPO  bool
 }
 
 func (s *ShutdownState) Name() string {
@@ -13,9 +14,9 @@ func (s *ShutdownState) Name() string {
 }
 
 func (s *ShutdownState) Cleanup() error {
-	manager, err := newHostManagerWithGuid(s.Guid)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("create host manager: %w", err)
+	manager := &registryConfigurator{
+		guid: s.Guid,
+		gpo:  s.GPO,
 	}
 
 	if err := manager.restoreUncleanShutdownDNS(); err != nil {

client/internal/dns/upstream.go

@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@ package dns
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
@@ -15,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 )
 
 const (
@@ -40,6 +45,7 @@ type upstreamResolverBase struct {
 	cancel           context.CancelFunc
 	upstreamClient   upstreamClient
 	upstreamServers  []string
+	domain           string
 	disabled         bool
 	failsCount       atomic.Int32
 	successCount     atomic.Int32
@@ -53,12 +59,13 @@ type upstreamResolverBase struct {
 	statusRecorder *peer.Status
 }
 
-func newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx context.Context, statusRecorder *peer.Status) *upstreamResolverBase {
+func newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx context.Context, statusRecorder *peer.Status, domain string) *upstreamResolverBase {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 
 	return &upstreamResolverBase{
 		ctx:              ctx,
 		cancel:           cancel,
+		domain:           domain,
 		upstreamTimeout:  upstreamTimeout,
 		reactivatePeriod: reactivatePeriod,
 		failsTillDeact:   failsTillDeact,
@@ -71,6 +78,17 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) String() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("upstream %v", u.upstreamServers)
 }
 
+// ID returns the unique handler ID
+func (u *upstreamResolverBase) id() handlerID {
+	servers := slices.Clone(u.upstreamServers)
+	slices.Sort(servers)
+
+	hash := sha256.New()
+	hash.Write([]byte(u.domain + ":"))
+	hash.Write([]byte(strings.Join(servers, ",")))
+	return handlerID("upstream-" + hex.EncodeToString(hash.Sum(nil)[:8]))
+}
+
 func (u *upstreamResolverBase) MatchSubdomains() bool {
 	return true
 }
@@ -87,7 +105,7 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 		u.checkUpstreamFails(err)
 	}()
 
-	log.WithField("question", r.Question[0]).Trace("received an upstream question")
+	log.Tracef("received upstream question: domain=%s type=%v class=%v", r.Question[0].Name, r.Question[0].Qtype, r.Question[0].Qclass)
 	// set the AuthenticatedData flag and the EDNS0 buffer size to 4096 bytes to support larger dns records
 	if r.Extra == nil {
 		r.SetEdns0(4096, false)
@@ -96,6 +114,7 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 
 	select {
 	case <-u.ctx.Done():
+		log.Tracef("%s has been stopped", u)
 		return
 	default:
 	}
@@ -112,41 +131,36 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) ServeDNS(w dns.ResponseWriter, r *dns.Msg) {
 
 		if err != nil {
 			if errors.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded) || isTimeout(err) {
-				log.WithError(err).WithField("upstream", upstream).
-					Warn("got an error while connecting to upstream")
+				log.Warnf("upstream %s timed out for question domain=%s", upstream, r.Question[0].Name)
 				continue
 			}
-			u.failsCount.Add(1)
-			log.WithError(err).WithField("upstream", upstream).
-				Error("got other error while querying the upstream")
-			return
+			log.Warnf("failed to query upstream %s for question domain=%s: %s", upstream, r.Question[0].Name, err)
+			continue
 		}
 
-		if rm == nil {
-			log.WithError(err).WithField("upstream", upstream).
-				Warn("no response from upstream")
-			return
-		}
-		// those checks need to be independent of each other due to memory address issues
-		if !rm.Response {
-			log.WithError(err).WithField("upstream", upstream).
-				Warn("no response from upstream")
-			return
+		if rm == nil || !rm.Response {
+			log.Warnf("no response from upstream %s for question domain=%s", upstream, r.Question[0].Name)
+			continue
 		}
 
 		u.successCount.Add(1)
-		log.Tracef("took %s to query the upstream %s", t, upstream)
+		log.Tracef("took %s to query the upstream %s for question domain=%s", t, upstream, r.Question[0].Name)
 
-		err = w.WriteMsg(rm)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.WithError(err).Error("got an error while writing the upstream resolver response")
+		if err = w.WriteMsg(rm); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("failed to write DNS response for question domain=%s: %s", r.Question[0].Name, err)
 		}
 		// count the fails only if they happen sequentially
 		u.failsCount.Store(0)
 		return
 	}
 	u.failsCount.Add(1)
-	log.Error("all queries to the upstream nameservers failed with timeout")
+	log.Errorf("all queries to the %s failed for question domain=%s", u, r.Question[0].Name)
+
+	m := new(dns.Msg)
+	m.SetRcode(r, dns.RcodeServerFailure)
+	if err := w.WriteMsg(m); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to write error response for %s for question domain=%s: %s", u, r.Question[0].Name, err)
+	}
 }
 
 // checkUpstreamFails counts fails and disables or enables upstream resolving
@@ -169,6 +183,19 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) checkUpstreamFails(err error) {
 	}
 
 	u.disable(err)
+
+	if u.statusRecorder == nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	u.statusRecorder.PublishEvent(
+		proto.SystemEvent_WARNING,
+		proto.SystemEvent_DNS,
+		"All upstream servers failed (fail count exceeded)",
+		"Unable to reach one or more DNS servers. This might affect your ability to connect to some services.",
+		map[string]string{"upstreams": strings.Join(u.upstreamServers, ", ")},
+		// TODO add domain meta
+	)
 }
 
 // probeAvailability tests all upstream servers simultaneously and
@@ -217,6 +244,18 @@ func (u *upstreamResolverBase) probeAvailability() {
 	// didn't find a working upstream server, let's disable and try later
 	if !success {
 		u.disable(errors.ErrorOrNil())
+
+		if u.statusRecorder == nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		u.statusRecorder.PublishEvent(
+			proto.SystemEvent_WARNING,
+			proto.SystemEvent_DNS,
+			"All upstream servers failed (probe failed)",
+			"Unable to reach one or more DNS servers. This might affect your ability to connect to some services.",
+			map[string]string{"upstreams": strings.Join(u.upstreamServers, ", ")},
+		)
 	}
 }
 

client/internal/dns/upstream_android.go

@@ -27,8 +27,9 @@ func newUpstreamResolver(
 	_ *net.IPNet,
 	statusRecorder *peer.Status,
 	hostsDNSHolder *hostsDNSHolder,
+	domain string,
 ) (*upstreamResolver, error) {
-	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder)
+	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder, domain)
 	c := &upstreamResolver{
 		upstreamResolverBase: upstreamResolverBase,
 		hostsDNSHolder:       hostsDNSHolder,

client/internal/dns/upstream_general.go

@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@ func newUpstreamResolver(
 	_ *net.IPNet,
 	statusRecorder *peer.Status,
 	_ *hostsDNSHolder,
+	domain string,
 ) (*upstreamResolver, error) {
-	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder)
+	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder, domain)
 	nonIOS := &upstreamResolver{
 		upstreamResolverBase: upstreamResolverBase,
 	}

client/internal/dns/upstream_ios.go

@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@ func newUpstreamResolver(
 	net *net.IPNet,
 	statusRecorder *peer.Status,
 	_ *hostsDNSHolder,
+	domain string,
 ) (*upstreamResolverIOS, error) {
-	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder)
+	upstreamResolverBase := newUpstreamResolverBase(ctx, statusRecorder, domain)
 
 	ios := &upstreamResolverIOS{
 		upstreamResolverBase: upstreamResolverBase,

client/internal/dns/upstream_test.go

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ func TestUpstreamResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
 		timeout             time.Duration
 		cancelCTX           bool
 		expectedAnswer      string
+		acceptNXDomain      bool
 	}{
 		{
 			name:           "Should Resolve A Record",
@@ -36,11 +37,11 @@ func TestUpstreamResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
 			expectedAnswer: "1.1.1.1",
 		},
 		{
-			name:                "Should Not Resolve If Can't Connect To Both Servers",
-			inputMSG:            new(dns.Msg).SetQuestion("one.one.one.one.", dns.TypeA),
-			InputServers:        []string{"8.0.0.0:53", "8.0.0.1:53"},
-			timeout:             200 * time.Millisecond,
-			responseShouldBeNil: true,
+			name:           "Should Not Resolve If Can't Connect To Both Servers",
+			inputMSG:       new(dns.Msg).SetQuestion("one.one.one.one.", dns.TypeA),
+			InputServers:   []string{"8.0.0.0:53", "8.0.0.1:53"},
+			timeout:        200 * time.Millisecond,
+			acceptNXDomain: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:                "Should Not Resolve If Parent Context Is Canceled",
@@ -51,14 +52,11 @@ func TestUpstreamResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
 			responseShouldBeNil: true,
 		},
 	}
-	// should resolve if first upstream times out
-	// should not write when both fails
-	// should not resolve if parent context is canceled
 
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
 		t.Run(testCase.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
-			resolver, _ := newUpstreamResolver(ctx, "", net.IP{}, &net.IPNet{}, nil, nil)
+			resolver, _ := newUpstreamResolver(ctx, "", net.IP{}, &net.IPNet{}, nil, nil, ".")
 			resolver.upstreamServers = testCase.InputServers
 			resolver.upstreamTimeout = testCase.timeout
 			if testCase.cancelCTX {
@@ -84,16 +82,22 @@ func TestUpstreamResolver_ServeDNS(t *testing.T) {
 				t.Fatalf("should write a response message")
 			}
 
-			foundAnswer := false
-			for _, answer := range responseMSG.Answer {
-				if strings.Contains(answer.String(), testCase.expectedAnswer) {
-					foundAnswer = true
-					break
-				}
+			if testCase.acceptNXDomain && responseMSG.Rcode == dns.RcodeNameError {
+				return
 			}
 
-			if !foundAnswer {
-				t.Errorf("couldn't find the required answer, %s, in the dns response", testCase.expectedAnswer)
+			if testCase.expectedAnswer != "" {
+				foundAnswer := false
+				for _, answer := range responseMSG.Answer {
+					if strings.Contains(answer.String(), testCase.expectedAnswer) {
+						foundAnswer = true
+						break
+					}
+				}
+
+				if !foundAnswer {
+					t.Errorf("couldn't find the required answer, %s, in the dns response", testCase.expectedAnswer)
+				}
 			}
 		})
 	}

client/internal/engine.go

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/pion/ice/v3"
 	"github.com/pion/stun/v2"
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/tun/netstack"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
+	nbnetstack "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/netstack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/acl"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dns"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/dnsfwd"
@@ -42,13 +43,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/routemanager/systemops"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
+	cProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 	semaphoregroup "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/semaphore-group"
 
 	nbssh "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/ssh"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	nbdns "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/dns"
 	mgm "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/client"
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/proto"
 	auth "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/auth/hmac"
 	relayClient "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/relay/client"
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ type Engine struct {
 	ctx    context.Context
 	cancel context.CancelFunc
 
-	wgInterface iface.IWGIface
+	wgInterface WGIface
 
 	udpMux *bind.UniversalUDPMuxDefault
 
@@ -193,6 +195,10 @@ type Peer struct {
 	WgAllowedIps string
 }
 
+type localIpUpdater interface {
+	UpdateLocalIPs() error
+}
+
 // NewEngine creates a new Connection Engine with probes attached
 func NewEngine(
 	clientCtx context.Context,
@@ -433,7 +439,7 @@ func (e *Engine) createFirewall() error {
 	}
 
 	var err error
-	e.firewall, err = firewall.NewFirewall(e.wgInterface, e.stateManager)
+	e.firewall, err = firewall.NewFirewall(e.wgInterface, e.stateManager, e.config.DisableServerRoutes)
 	if err != nil || e.firewall == nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed creating firewall manager: %s", err)
 		return nil
@@ -668,6 +674,8 @@ func (e *Engine) handleSync(update *mgmProto.SyncResponse) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	e.statusRecorder.PublishEvent(cProto.SystemEvent_INFO, cProto.SystemEvent_SYSTEM, "Network map updated", "", nil)
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -720,7 +728,7 @@ func (e *Engine) updateSSH(sshConf *mgmProto.SSHConfig) error {
 			// start SSH server if it wasn't running
 			if isNil(e.sshServer) {
 				listenAddr := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", e.wgInterface.Address().IP.String(), nbssh.DefaultSSHPort)
-				if netstack.IsEnabled() {
+				if nbnetstack.IsEnabled() {
 					listenAddr = fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", nbssh.DefaultSSHPort)
 				}
 				// nil sshServer means it has not yet been started
@@ -883,6 +891,14 @@ func (e *Engine) updateNetworkMap(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap) error {
 		e.acl.ApplyFiltering(networkMap)
 	}
 
+	if e.firewall != nil {
+		if localipfw, ok := e.firewall.(localIpUpdater); ok {
+			if err := localipfw.UpdateLocalIPs(); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to update local IPs: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	// DNS forwarder
 	dnsRouteFeatureFlag := toDNSFeatureFlag(networkMap)
 	dnsRouteDomains := toRouteDomains(e.config.WgPrivateKey.PublicKey().String(), networkMap.GetRoutes())
@@ -940,7 +956,7 @@ func (e *Engine) updateNetworkMap(networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap) error {
 		protoDNSConfig = &mgmProto.DNSConfig{}
 	}
 
-	if err := e.dnsServer.UpdateDNSServer(serial, toDNSConfig(protoDNSConfig)); err != nil {
+	if err := e.dnsServer.UpdateDNSServer(serial, toDNSConfig(protoDNSConfig, e.wgInterface.Address().Network)); err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to update dns server, err: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -1009,7 +1025,7 @@ func toRouteDomains(myPubKey string, protoRoutes []*mgmProto.Route) []string {
 	return dnsRoutes
 }
 
-func toDNSConfig(protoDNSConfig *mgmProto.DNSConfig) nbdns.Config {
+func toDNSConfig(protoDNSConfig *mgmProto.DNSConfig, network *net.IPNet) nbdns.Config {
 	dnsUpdate := nbdns.Config{
 		ServiceEnable:    protoDNSConfig.GetServiceEnable(),
 		CustomZones:      make([]nbdns.CustomZone, 0),
@@ -1049,6 +1065,11 @@ func toDNSConfig(protoDNSConfig *mgmProto.DNSConfig) nbdns.Config {
 		}
 		dnsUpdate.NameServerGroups = append(dnsUpdate.NameServerGroups, dnsNSGroup)
 	}
+
+	if len(dnsUpdate.CustomZones) > 0 {
+		addReverseZone(&dnsUpdate, network)
+	}
+
 	return dnsUpdate
 }
 
@@ -1355,7 +1376,7 @@ func (e *Engine) readInitialSettings() ([]*route.Route, *nbdns.Config, error) {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 	routes := toRoutes(netMap.GetRoutes())
-	dnsCfg := toDNSConfig(netMap.GetDNSConfig())
+	dnsCfg := toDNSConfig(netMap.GetDNSConfig(), e.wgInterface.Address().Network)
 	return routes, &dnsCfg, nil
 }
 
@@ -1446,6 +1467,11 @@ func (e *Engine) GetRouteManager() routemanager.Manager {
 	return e.routeManager
 }
 
+// GetFirewallManager returns the firewall manager
+func (e *Engine) GetFirewallManager() manager.Manager {
+	return e.firewall
+}
+
 func findIPFromInterfaceName(ifaceName string) (net.IP, error) {
 	iface, err := net.InterfaceByName(ifaceName)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1657,6 +1683,14 @@ func (e *Engine) GetLatestNetworkMap() (*mgmProto.NetworkMap, error) {
 	return nm, nil
 }
 
+// GetWgAddr returns the wireguard address
+func (e *Engine) GetWgAddr() net.IP {
+	if e.wgInterface == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return e.wgInterface.Address().IP
+}
+
 // updateDNSForwarder start or stop the DNS forwarder based on the domains and the feature flag
 func (e *Engine) updateDNSForwarder(enabled bool, domains []string) {
 	if !enabled {
@@ -1691,6 +1725,37 @@ func (e *Engine) updateDNSForwarder(enabled bool, domains []string) {
 	}
 }
 
+func (e *Engine) GetNet() (*netstack.Net, error) {
+	e.syncMsgMux.Lock()
+	intf := e.wgInterface
+	e.syncMsgMux.Unlock()
+	if intf == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("wireguard interface not initialized")
+	}
+
+	nsnet := intf.GetNet()
+	if nsnet == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("failed to get netstack")
+	}
+	return nsnet, nil
+}
+
+func (e *Engine) Address() (netip.Addr, error) {
+	e.syncMsgMux.Lock()
+	intf := e.wgInterface
+	e.syncMsgMux.Unlock()
+	if intf == nil {
+		return netip.Addr{}, errors.New("wireguard interface not initialized")
+	}
+
+	addr := e.wgInterface.Address()
+	ip, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(addr.IP)
+	if !ok {
+		return netip.Addr{}, errors.New("failed to convert address to netip.Addr")
+	}
+	return ip.Unmap(), nil
+}
+
 // isChecksEqual checks if two slices of checks are equal.
 func isChecksEqual(checks []*mgmProto.Checks, oChecks []*mgmProto.Checks) bool {
 	for _, check := range checks {