Change default interface name from wt0 to nb0

introduces a new flag --filter-by-connection-type to the status command.
It allows users to filter peers by connection type (P2P or Relayed) in both JSON and detailed views.

Input validation is added in parseFilters() to ensure proper usage, and --detail is auto-enabled if no output format is specified (consistent with other filters).

.git-branches.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# More info around this file at https://www.git-town.com/configuration-file
+
+[branches]
+main = "main"
+perennials = []
+perennial-regex = ""
+
+[create]
+new-branch-type = "feature"
+push-new-branches = false
+
+[hosting]
+dev-remote = "origin"
+# platform = ""
+# origin-hostname = ""
+
+[ship]
+delete-tracking-branch = false
+strategy = "squash-merge"
+
+[sync]
+feature-strategy = "merge"
+perennial-strategy = "rebase"
+prototype-strategy = "merge"
+push-hook = true
+tags = true
+upstream = false

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug-issue-report.md

@@ -37,16 +37,21 @@ If yes, which one?
 
 **Debug output**
 
-To help us resolve the problem, please attach the following debug output
+To help us resolve the problem, please attach the following anonymized status output
 
   netbird status -dA
 
-As well as the file created by
+Create and upload a debug bundle, and share the returned file key:
+
+  netbird debug for 1m -AS -U
+
+*Uploaded files are automatically deleted after 30 days.*
+
+
+Alternatively, create the file only and attach it here manually:
 
   netbird debug for 1m -AS
 
-  
-We advise reviewing the anonymized output for any remaining personal information.
 
 **Screenshots**
 
@@ -57,8 +62,10 @@ If applicable, add screenshots to help explain your problem.
 Add any other context about the problem here.
 
 **Have you tried these troubleshooting steps?**
+- [ ] Reviewed [client troubleshooting](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/troubleshooting-client) (if applicable)
 - [ ] Checked for newer NetBird versions
 - [ ] Searched for similar issues on GitHub (including closed ones)
 - [ ] Restarted the NetBird client
 - [ ] Disabled other VPN software
 - [ ] Checked firewall settings
+

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 ## Issue ticket number and link
 
+## Stack
+
+<!-- branch-stack -->
+
 ### Checklist
 - [ ] Is it a bug fix
 - [ ] Is a typo/documentation fix
@@ -9,3 +13,5 @@
 - [ ] It is a refactor
 - [ ] Created tests that fail without the change (if possible)
 - [ ] Extended the README / documentation, if necessary
+
+> By submitting this pull request, you confirm that you have read and agree to the terms of the [Contributor License Agreement](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/blob/main/CONTRIBUTOR_LICENSE_AGREEMENT.md).

.github/workflows/git-town.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: Git Town
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    branches:
+      - '**'
+
+jobs:
+  git-town:
+    name: Display the branch stack
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      pull-requests: write
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: git-town/action@v1.2.1
+        with:
+          skip-single-stacks: true

.github/workflows/golang-test-freebsd.yml

@@ -22,14 +22,20 @@ jobs:
         with:
           usesh: true
           copyback: false
-          release: "14.1"
+          release: "14.2"
           prepare: |
-            pkg install -y go pkgconf xorg
+            pkg install -y curl pkgconf xorg
+            LATEST_VERSION=$(curl -s https://go.dev/VERSION?m=text|head -n 1)
+            GO_TARBALL="$LATEST_VERSION.freebsd-amd64.tar.gz"
+            GO_URL="https://go.dev/dl/$GO_TARBALL"
+            curl -vLO "$GO_URL"
+            tar -C /usr/local -vxzf "$GO_TARBALL"            
 
           # -x - to print all executed commands
           # -e - to faile on first error
           run: |
             set -e -x
+            export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin:$HOME/go/bin
             time go build -o netbird client/main.go
             # check all component except management, since we do not support management server on freebsd
             time go test -timeout 1m -failfast ./base62/...

.github/workflows/golang-test-linux.yml

@@ -146,6 +146,65 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} CI=true go test -tags devcert -exec 'sudo' -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay)
 
+  test_client_on_docker:
+    name: "Client (Docker) / Unit"
+    needs: [build-cache]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        with:
+          go-version: "1.23.x"
+          cache: false
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Get Go environment
+        id: go-env
+        run: |
+          echo "cache_dir=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "modcache_dir=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Cache Go modules
+        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
+        id: cache-restore
+        with:
+          path: |
+            ${{ steps.go-env.outputs.cache_dir }}
+            ${{ steps.go-env.outputs.modcache_dir }}
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
+
+      - name: Run tests in container
+        env:
+          HOST_GOCACHE: ${{ steps.go-env.outputs.cache_dir }}
+          HOST_GOMODCACHE: ${{ steps.go-env.outputs.modcache_dir }}
+        run: |
+          CONTAINER_GOCACHE="/root/.cache/go-build"
+          CONTAINER_GOMODCACHE="/go/pkg/mod"
+
+          docker run --rm \
+            --cap-add=NET_ADMIN \
+            --privileged \
+            -v $PWD:/app \
+            -w /app \
+            -v "${HOST_GOCACHE}:${CONTAINER_GOCACHE}" \
+            -v "${HOST_GOMODCACHE}:${CONTAINER_GOMODCACHE}" \
+            -e CGO_ENABLED=1 \
+            -e CI=true \
+            -e DOCKER_CI=true \
+            -e GOARCH=${GOARCH_TARGET} \
+            -e GOCACHE=${CONTAINER_GOCACHE} \
+            -e GOMODCACHE=${CONTAINER_GOMODCACHE} \
+            golang:1.23-alpine \
+            sh -c ' \
+              apk update; apk add --no-cache \
+                ca-certificates iptables ip6tables dbus dbus-dev libpcap-dev build-base; \
+              go test -buildvcs=false -tags devcert -v -timeout 10m -p 1 $(go list -buildvcs=false ./... | grep -v -e /management -e /signal -e /relay -e /client/ui -e /upload-server)
+            '
+
   test_relay:
     name: "Relay / Unit"
     needs: [build-cache]
@@ -164,6 +223,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y gcc-multilib g++-multilib libc6-dev-i386
+
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -179,13 +242,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -217,6 +273,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Checkout code
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
 
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        if: steps.cache.outputs.cache-hit != 'true'
+        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y gcc-multilib g++-multilib libc6-dev-i386
+
       - name: Get Go environment
         run: |
           echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
@@ -232,13 +292,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -286,13 +339,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -314,6 +360,7 @@ jobs:
         run: |          
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
           NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
+            CI=true \
           go test -tags=devcert \
             -exec "sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE" \
             -timeout 20m ./management/...
@@ -353,13 +400,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -380,10 +420,11 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
-          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
+          CI=true \
           go test -tags devcert -run=^$ -bench=. \
           -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
-          -timeout 20m ./...
+          -timeout 20m ./management/...
 
   api_benchmark:
     name: "Management / Benchmark (API)"
@@ -396,6 +437,33 @@ jobs:
         store: [ 'sqlite', 'postgres' ]
     runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
     steps:
+      - name: Create Docker network
+        run: docker network create promnet
+
+      - name: Start Prometheus Pushgateway
+        run: docker run -d --name pushgateway --network promnet -p 9091:9091 prom/pushgateway
+
+      - name: Start Prometheus (for Pushgateway forwarding)
+        run: |
+          echo '
+          global:
+            scrape_interval: 15s
+          scrape_configs:
+            - job_name: "pushgateway"
+              static_configs:
+                - targets: ["pushgateway:9091"]
+          remote_write:
+            - url: ${{ secrets.GRAFANA_URL }}
+              basic_auth:
+                username: ${{ secrets.GRAFANA_USER }}
+                password: ${{ secrets.GRAFANA_API_KEY }}
+          ' > prometheus.yml
+
+          docker run -d --name prometheus --network promnet \
+            -v $PWD/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml \
+            -p 9090:9090 \
+            prom/prometheus
+
       - name: Install Go
         uses: actions/setup-go@v5
         with:
@@ -420,13 +488,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -447,11 +508,13 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
-          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
+          CI=true \
+          GIT_BRANCH=${{ github.ref_name }} \
           go test -tags=benchmark \
             -run=^$ \
             -bench=. \
-            -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
+            -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE,GIT_BRANCH,GITHUB_RUN_ID' \
             -timeout 20m ./management/...
 
   api_integration_test:
@@ -489,13 +552,6 @@ jobs:
           restore-keys: |
             ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
 
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install 32-bit libpcap
-        if: matrix.arch == '386'
-        run: sudo dpkg --add-architecture i386 && sudo apt update && sudo apt-get install -y libpcap0.8-dev:i386
-
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy
 
@@ -505,89 +561,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: |
           CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=${{ matrix.arch }} \
-          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} CI=true \
+          NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE=${{ matrix.store }} \
+          CI=true \
           go test -tags=integration \
           -exec 'sudo --preserve-env=CI,NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE' \
           -timeout 20m ./management/...
-
-  test_client_on_docker:
-    name: "Client (Docker) / Unit"
-    needs: [ build-cache ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-20.04
-    steps:
-      - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: "1.23.x"
-          cache: false
-
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Get Go environment
-        run: |
-          echo "cache=$(go env GOCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-          echo "modcache=$(go env GOMODCACHE)" >> $GITHUB_ENV     
-
-      - name: Cache Go modules
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ${{ env.cache }}
-            ${{ env.modcache }}
-          key: ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-${{ hashFiles('**/go.sum') }}
-          restore-keys: |
-            ${{ runner.os }}-gotest-cache-
-
-      - name: Install dependencies
-        run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q libgtk-3-dev libayatana-appindicator3-dev libgl1-mesa-dev xorg-dev gcc-multilib libpcap-dev
-
-      - name: Install modules
-        run: go mod tidy
-
-      - name: check git status
-        run: git --no-pager diff --exit-code
-
-      - name: Generate Shared Sock Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o sharedsock-testing.bin ./sharedsock
-
-      - name: Generate RouteManager Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o routemanager-testing.bin  ./client/internal/routemanager
-
-      - name: Generate SystemOps Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -c -o systemops-testing.bin -tags netgo -ldflags '-w -extldflags "-static -ldbus-1 -lpcap"' ./client/internal/routemanager/systemops
-
-      - name: Generate nftables Manager Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o nftablesmanager-testing.bin ./client/firewall/nftables/...
-
-      - name: Generate Engine Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -c -o engine-testing.bin ./client/internal
-
-      - name: Generate Peer Test bin
-        run: CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -c -o peer-testing.bin ./client/internal/peer/
-
-      - run: chmod +x *testing.bin
-
-      - name: Run Shared Sock tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/sharedsock --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/sharedsock-testing.bin -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run Iface tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/netbird -v /tmp/cache:/tmp/cache -v /tmp/modcache:/tmp/modcache -w /netbird -e GOCACHE=/tmp/cache -e GOMODCACHE=/tmp/modcache -e CGO_ENABLED=0 golang:1.23-alpine go test  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1 ./client/iface/...
-
-      - name: Run RouteManager tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/routemanager --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/routemanager-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run SystemOps tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/routemanager/systemops --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/systemops-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run nftables Manager tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/firewall --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/nftablesmanager-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run Engine tests in docker with file store
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal -e NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE="jsonfile" --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/engine-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run Engine tests in docker with sqlite store
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal -e NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE="sqlite" --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/engine-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1
-
-      - name: Run Peer tests in docker
-        run: docker run -t --cap-add=NET_ADMIN --privileged --rm -v $PWD:/ci -w /ci/client/internal/peer  --entrypoint /busybox/sh gcr.io/distroless/base:debug -c /ci/peer-testing.bin  -test.timeout 5m -test.parallel 1

.github/workflows/golangci-lint.yml

@@ -19,9 +19,8 @@ jobs:
       - name: codespell
         uses: codespell-project/actions-codespell@v2
         with:
-          ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,iif,groupd,testin
+          ignore_words_list: erro,clienta,hastable,iif,groupd,testin,groupe
           skip: go.mod,go.sum
-          only_warn: 1
   golangci:
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false

.github/workflows/mobile-build-validation.yml

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: gomobile init
         run: gomobile init
       - name: build android netbird lib
-        run: PATH=$PATH:$(go env GOPATH) gomobile bind -o $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/netbird.aar -javapkg=io.netbird.gomobile -ldflags="-X golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/ipc.socketDirectory=/data/data/io.netbird.client/cache/wireguard -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version=buildtest"  $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/client/android
+        run: PATH=$PATH:$(go env GOPATH) gomobile bind -o $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/netbird.aar -javapkg=io.netbird.gomobile -ldflags="-checklinkname=0 -X golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/ipc.socketDirectory=/data/data/io.netbird.client/cache/wireguard -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version=buildtest"  $GITHUB_WORKSPACE/client/android
         env:
           CGO_ENABLED: 0
           ANDROID_NDK_HOME: /usr/local/lib/android/sdk/ndk/23.1.7779620

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ on:
   pull_request:
 
 env:
-  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.0.18"
+  SIGN_PIPE_VER: "v0.0.21"
   GORELEASER_VER: "v2.3.2"
   PRODUCT_NAME: "NetBird"
   COPYRIGHT: "NetBird GmbH"
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ jobs:
         with:
           username: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_USER }}
           password: ${{ secrets.DOCKER_TOKEN }}
+      - name: Log in to the GitHub container registry
+        if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+        uses: docker/login-action@v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ github.actor }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.CI_DOCKER_PUSH_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
       - name: Install OS build dependencies
         run: sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y -q gcc-arm-linux-gnueabihf gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu
 
@@ -87,25 +94,25 @@ jobs:
         with:
           name: release
           path: dist/
-          retention-days: 3
+          retention-days: 7
       - name: upload linux packages
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: linux-packages
           path: dist/netbird_linux**
-          retention-days: 3
+          retention-days: 7
       - name: upload windows packages
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: windows-packages
           path: dist/netbird_windows**
-          retention-days: 3
+          retention-days: 7
       - name: upload macos packages
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
           name: macos-packages
           path: dist/netbird_darwin**
-          retention-days: 3
+          retention-days: 7
 
   release_ui:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -224,3 +231,17 @@ jobs:
           ref: ${{ env.SIGN_PIPE_VER }}
           token: ${{ secrets.SIGN_GITHUB_TOKEN }}
           inputs: '{ "tag": "${{ github.ref }}", "skipRelease": false }'
+
+  post_on_forum:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    continue-on-error: true
+    needs: [trigger_signer]
+    steps:
+      - uses: Codixer/discourse-topic-github-release-action@v2.0.1
+        with:
+          discourse-api-key: ${{ secrets.DISCOURSE_RELEASES_API_KEY }}
+          discourse-base-url: https://forum.netbird.io
+          discourse-author-username: NetBird
+          discourse-category: 17
+          discourse-tags:
+            releases          

.github/workflows/test-infrastructure-files.yml

@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ jobs:
           NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN: '${{ env.NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN }}$'
           CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_IDP_SIGNKEY_REFRESH: false
           CI_NETBIRD_TURN_EXTERNAL_IP: "1.2.3.4"
+          CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_DISABLE_DEFAULT_POLICY: false
 
         run: |
           set -x
@@ -172,12 +173,15 @@ jobs:
           grep "NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN=$NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_MYSQL_DSN" docker-compose.yml
           grep NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN docker-compose.yml | egrep "$NETBIRD_STORE_ENGINE_POSTGRES_DSN"
           # check relay values
-          grep "NB_EXPOSED_ADDRESS=$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445" docker-compose.yml
+          grep "NB_EXPOSED_ADDRESS=rels://$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445" docker-compose.yml
           grep "NB_LISTEN_ADDRESS=:33445" docker-compose.yml
           grep '33445:33445' docker-compose.yml
           grep -A 10 'relay:' docker-compose.yml | egrep 'NB_AUTH_SECRET=.+$'
-          grep -A 7 Relay management.json | grep "rel://$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445"
+          grep -A 7 Relay management.json | grep "rels://$CI_NETBIRD_DOMAIN:33445"
           grep -A 7 Relay management.json | egrep '"Secret": ".+"'
+          grep DisablePromptLogin management.json | grep 'true'
+          grep LoginFlag management.json | grep 0
+          grep DisableDefaultPolicy management.json | grep "$CI_NETBIRD_MGMT_DISABLE_DEFAULT_POLICY"
 
       - name: Install modules
         run: go mod tidy

.goreleaser.yaml

@@ -96,6 +96,20 @@ builds:
       - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
     mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
 
+  - id: netbird-upload
+    dir: upload-server
+    env: [CGO_ENABLED=0]
+    binary: netbird-upload
+    goos:
+      - linux
+    goarch:
+      - amd64
+      - arm64
+      - arm
+    ldflags:
+      - -s -w -X github.com/netbirdio/netbird/version.version={{.Version}} -X main.commit={{.Commit}} -X main.date={{.CommitDate}} -X main.builtBy=goreleaser
+    mod_timestamp: "{{ .CommitTimestamp }}"
+
 universal_binaries:
   - id: netbird
 
@@ -135,6 +149,7 @@ nfpms:
 dockers:
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: amd64
@@ -150,6 +165,7 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: arm64
@@ -161,10 +177,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: arm
@@ -177,11 +194,12 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
 
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: amd64
@@ -193,9 +211,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: arm64
@@ -207,9 +227,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
     ids:
       - netbird
     goarch: arm
@@ -222,10 +244,12 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
 
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird-relay
     goarch: amd64
@@ -237,10 +261,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird-relay
     goarch: arm64
@@ -252,10 +277,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
     ids:
       - netbird-relay
     goarch: arm
@@ -268,10 +294,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird-signal
     goarch: amd64
@@ -283,10 +310,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird-signal
     goarch: arm64
@@ -298,10 +326,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm
     ids:
       - netbird-signal
     goarch: arm
@@ -314,10 +343,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: amd64
@@ -329,10 +359,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: arm64
@@ -344,10 +375,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: arm
@@ -360,10 +392,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-amd64
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: amd64
@@ -375,10 +408,11 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm64v8
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: arm64
@@ -390,11 +424,12 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
-      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
 
   - image_templates:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm
     ids:
       - netbird-mgmt
     goarch: arm
@@ -407,7 +442,56 @@ dockers:
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+    ids:
+      - netbird-upload
+    goarch: amd64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: upload-server/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/amd64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+    ids:
+      - netbird-upload
+    goarch: arm64
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: upload-server/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm64"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
+  - image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+    ids:
+      - netbird-upload
+    goarch: arm
+    goarm: 6
+    use: buildx
+    dockerfile: upload-server/Dockerfile
+    build_flag_templates:
+      - "--platform=linux/arm"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.created={{.Date}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.title={{.ProjectName}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.version={{.Version}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.revision={{.FullCommit}}"
+      - "--label=org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/netbirdio/{{.ProjectName}}"
       - "--label=maintainer=dev@netbird.io"
 docker_manifests:
   - name_template: netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}
@@ -475,7 +559,95 @@ docker_manifests:
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm64v8
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm
       - netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-amd64
+  - name_template: netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
 
+  - name_template: netbirdio/upload:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:rootless-latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/netbird:{{ .Version }}-rootless-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/relay:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/signal:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:debug-latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/management:{{ .Version }}-debug-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
+
+  - name_template: ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:latest
+    image_templates:
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm64v8
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-arm
+      - ghcr.io/netbirdio/upload:{{ .Version }}-amd64
 brews:
   - ids:
       - default

CONTRIBUTOR_LICENSE_AGREEMENT.md

@@ -1,148 +1,64 @@
-#  Contributor License Agreement
+##  Contributor License Agreement
 
-We are incredibly thankful for the contributions we receive from the community.
-We require our external contributors to sign a Contributor License Agreement ("CLA") in
-order to ensure that our projects remain licensed under Free and Open Source licenses such
-as BSD-3 while allowing NetBird to build a sustainable business.
-
-NetBird is committed to having a true Open Source Software ("OSS") license for
-our software. A CLA enables NetBird to safely commercialize our products
-while keeping a standard OSS license with all the rights that license grants to users: the
-ability to use the project in their own projects or businesses, to republish modified
-source, or to completely fork the project.
-
-This page gives a human-friendly summary of our CLA, details on why we require a CLA, how
-contributors can sign our CLA, and more. You may view the full legal CLA document (below).
-
-# Human-friendly summary
-
-This is a human-readable summary of (and not a substitute for) the full agreement (below).
-This highlights only some of key terms of the CLA. It has no legal value and you should
-carefully review all the terms of the actual CLA before agreeing.
-
-<li>Grant of copyright license. You give NetBird permission to use your copyrighted work
-in commercial products.
-</li>
-
-<li>Grant of patent license. If your contributed work uses a patent, you give NetBird a
-license to use that patent including within commercial products. You also agree that you
-have permission to grant this license.
-</li>
-
-<li>No Warranty or Support Obligations.
-By making a contribution, you are not obligating yourself to provide support for the
-contribution, and you are not taking on any warranty obligations or providing any
-assurances about how it will perform.
-</li>
-
-The CLA does not change the terms of the standard open source license used by our software
-such as BSD-3 or MIT.
-You are still free to use our projects within your own projects or businesses, republish
-modified source, and more.
-Please reference the appropriate license for the project you're contributing to to learn
-more.
-
-# Why require a CLA?
-
-Agreeing to a CLA explicitly states that you are entitled to provide a contribution, that you cannot withdraw permission
-to use your contribution at a later date, and that NetBird has permission to use your contribution in our commercial
-products.
-
-This removes any ambiguities or uncertainties caused by not having a CLA and allows users and customers to confidently
-adopt our projects. At the same time, the CLA ensures that all contributions to our open source projects are licensed
-under the project's respective open source license, such as BSD-3.
-
-Requiring a CLA is a common and well-accepted practice in open source. Major open source projects require CLAs such as
-Apache Software Foundation projects, Facebook projects (such as React), Google projects (including Go), Python, Django,
-and more. Each of these projects remains licensed under permissive OSS licenses such as MIT, Apache, BSD, and more.
-
-# Signing the CLA
-
-Open a pull request ("PR") to any of our open source projects to sign the CLA. A bot will comment on the PR asking you
-to sign the CLA if you haven't already.
-
-Follow the steps given by the bot to sign the CLA. This will require you to log in with GitHub (we only request public
-information from your account) and to fill in a few additional details such as your name and email address. We will only
-use this information for CLA tracking; none of your submitted information will be used for marketing purposes.
-
-You only have to sign the CLA once. Once you've signed the CLA, future contributions to any NetBird project will not
-require you to sign again.
-
-# Legal Terms and Agreement
-
-In order to clarify the intellectual property license granted with Contributions from any person or entity, NetBird
-GmbH ("NetBird") must have a Contributor License Agreement ("CLA") on file that has been signed
-by each Contributor, indicating agreement to the license terms below. This license does not change your rights to use
-your own Contributions for any other purpose.
-
-You accept and agree to the following terms and conditions for Your present and future Contributions submitted to
-NetBird. Except for the license granted herein to NetBird and recipients of software distributed by NetBird,
-You reserve all right, title, and interest in and to Your Contributions.
-
-1. Definitions.
-
-    ```
-   "You" (or "Your") shall mean the copyright owner or legal entity authorized by the copyright owner 
-   that is making this Agreement with NetBird. For legal entities, the entity making a Contribution and all other 
-   entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common control with that entity are considered 
-   to be a single Contributor. For the purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect,
-    to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty 
-   percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
-   ```
-   ```
-    "Contribution" shall mean any original work of authorship, including any modifications or additions to 
-   an existing work, that is or previously has been intentionally submitted by You to NetBird for inclusion in, 
-   or documentation of, any of the products owned or managed by NetBird (the "Work"). 
-   For the purposes of this definition, "submitted" means any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication 
-   sent to NetBird or its representatives, including but not limited to communication on electronic mailing lists, 
-   source code control systems, and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, 
-   NetBird for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but excluding communication that is conspicuously 
-   marked or otherwise designated in writing by You as "Not a Contribution."
-   ```
-
-2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, You hereby grant to NetBird
-   and to recipients of software distributed by NetBird a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge,
-   royalty-free, irrevocable copyright license to reproduce, prepare derivative works of, publicly display, publicly
-   perform, sublicense, and distribute Your Contributions and such derivative works.
+This Contributor License Agreement (referred to as the "Agreement") is entered into by the individual 
+submitting this Agreement and NetBird GmbH, c/o Max-Beer-Straße 2-4 Münzstraße 12 10178 Berlin, Germany, 
+referred to as "NetBird" (collectively, the "Parties"). The Agreement outlines the terms and conditions 
+under which NetBird may utilize software contributions provided by the Contributor for inclusion in 
+its software development projects. By submitting this Agreement, the Contributor confirms their acceptance 
+of the terms and conditions outlined below. The Contributor further represents that they are authorized to 
+complete this process as described herein.
 
 
-3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, You hereby grant to NetBird and
-   to recipients of software distributed by NetBird a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free,
-   irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made, use, offer to sell, sell, import,
-   and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by You that are
-   necessarily infringed by Your Contribution(s) alone or by combination of Your Contribution(s) with the Work to which
-   such Contribution(s) was submitted. If any entity institutes patent litigation against You or any other entity (
-   including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that your Contribution, or the Work to which you have
-   contributed, constitutes direct or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses granted to that entity
-   under this Agreement for that Contribution or Work shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed.
+## 1 Preamble
+In order to clarify the IP Rights situation with regard to Contributions from any person or entity, NetBird 
+must have a contributor license agreement on file to be signed by each Contributor, containing the license 
+terms below. This license serves as protection for both the Contributor as well as NetBird and its software users; 
+it does not change Contributor’s rights to use his/her own Contributions for any other purpose.
 
+## 2 Definitions
+2.1 “IP Rights” shall mean all industrial and intellectual property rights, whether registered or not registered, whether created by Contributor or acquired by Contributor from third parties, and similar rights, including (but not limited to) semiconductor property rights, design rights, copyrights (including in the form of database rights and rights to software), all neighbouring rights (Leistungsschutzrechte), trademarks, service marks, titles, internet domain names, trade names and other labelling rights, rights deriving from corresponding applications and registrations of such rights as well as any licenses (Nutzungsrechte) under and entitlements to any such intellectual and industrial property rights.
 
-4. You represent that you are legally entitled to grant the above license. If your employer(s) has rights to
-   intellectual property that you create that includes your Contributions, you represent that you have received
-   permission to make Contributions on behalf of that employer, that you will have received permission from your current
-   and future employers for all future Contributions, that your applicable employer has waived such rights for all of
-   your current and future Contributions to NetBird, or that your employer has executed a separate Corporate CLA
-   with NetBird.
+2.2 "Contribution" shall mean any original work of authorship, including any modifications or additions to an existing work, that is or previously has been intentionally Submitted by Contributor to NetBird for inclusion in, or documentation of any Work. 
 
+2.3 "Contributor" shall mean the copyright owner or legal entity authorized by the copyright owner that is concluding this Agreement with NetBird. For legal entities, the entity making a Contribution and all other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common control with that entity are considered to be a single Contributor. For the purposes of this definition, "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
 
-5. You represent that each of Your Contributions is Your original creation (see section 7 for submissions on behalf of
-   others). You represent that Your Contribution submissions include complete details of any third-party license or
-   other restriction (including, but not limited to, related patents and trademarks) of which you are personally aware
-   and which are associated with any part of Your Contributions.
+2.4 "Submitted" shall mean any form of electronic, verbal, or written communication sent to NetBird or its representatives, including but not limited to communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems, and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, NetBird for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but excluding communication that is marked or otherwise designated in writing by Contributor as "Not a Contribution".
 
+2.5 "Work" means any of the products owned or managed by NetBird, in particular, but not exclusively, software.
 
-6. You are not expected to provide support for Your Contributions, except to the extent You desire to provide support.
-   You may provide support for free, for a fee, or not at all. Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in
-   writing, You provide Your Contributions on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either
-   express or implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions of TITLE, NON- INFRINGEMENT,
-   MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+## 3 Licenses 
+3.1 Subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement, Contributor hereby grants to NetBird and to recipients of software distributed by NetBird a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable license to reproduce by any means and in any form, in whole or in part, permanently or temporarily, the Contributions (including loading, displaying, executing, transmitting or storing works for the purpose of executing and processing data or transferring them to video, audio and other data carriers), including the right to distribute, display and present such Contributions and make them available to the public (e.g. via the internet) and to transmit and display such Contributions by any means. The license also includes the right to modify, translate, adapt, edit and otherwise alter the Contributions and to use these results in the same manner as the original Contributions and derivative works. Except for licenses in patents acc. to Sec. 3, such license refers to any IP Rights in the Contributions and derivative works. The Contributor acknowledges that NetBird is not required to credit them by name for their Contribution and agrees to waive any moral rights associated with their Contribution in relation to NetBird or its sublicensees.
 
+3.2 Subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement, Contributor hereby grants to NetBird and to recipients of software distributed by NetBird a perpetual, worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable (except as stated in this section) patent license in the Contributions to make, have made, use, sell, offer to sell, import, and otherwise transfer the Work, where such license applies only to those patent claims licensable by the Contributor which are necessarily infringed by Contributor‘s Contribution(s) alone or by combination of Contributor’s Contribution(s) with the Work to which such Contribution(s) was Submitted. 
 
-7. Should You wish to submit work that is not Your original creation, You may submit it to NetBird separately from
-   any Contribution, identifying the complete details of its source and of any license or other restriction (including,
-   but not limited to, related patents, trademarks, and license agreements) of which you are personally aware, and
-   conspicuously marking the work as "Submitted on behalf of a third-party: [named here]".
+3.3 NetBird hereby accepts such licenses. 
 
+## 4 Contributor’s Representations
+4.1 Contributor represents that Contributor is legally entitled to grant the above license. If Contributor’s employer has IP Rights to Contributor’s Contributions, Contributor represent that he/she has received permission to make Contributions on behalf of such employer, that such employer has waived such IP Rights to the Contributions of Contributor to NetBird, or that such employer has executed a separate contributor license agreement with NetBird.
+
+4.2 Contributor represents that any Contribution is his/her original creation. 
+
+4.3 Contributor represents to his/her best knowledge that any Contribution does not violate any third party IP Rights.
+
+4.4 Contributor represents that any Contribution submission includes complete details of any third-party license or other restriction (including, but not limited to, related patents and trademarks) of which Contributor is personally aware and which are associated with any part of the Contribution.
+
+4.5 The Contributor represents that their Contribution does not include any work distributed under a copyleft license.
+
+## 5 Information obligation
+Contributor agrees to notify NetBird of any facts or circumstances of which Contributor become aware that would make these representations inaccurate in any respect.
+
+## 6 Submission of Third-Party works
+Should Contributor wish to submit work that is not Contributor’s original creation, Contributor may submit it to NetBird separately from any Contribution, identifying the complete details of its source and of any license or other restriction (including, but not limited to, related patents, trademarks, and license agreements) of which Contributor are personally aware, and conspicuously marking the work as "Submitted on behalf of a third-party: [named here]".
+
+## 7 No Consideration
+Unless compensation is mandatory under statutory law, no compensation for any license under this agreement shall be payable. 
+
+## 8 Final Provisions
+8.1 Laws. This Agreement is governed by the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany. 
+
+8.2 Venue. Place of jurisdiction shall, to the extent legally permissible, be Berlin, Germany. 
+
+8.3 Severability. If any provision in this agreement is unlawful, invalid or ineffective, it shall not affect the enforceability or effectiveness of the remainder of this agreement. The parties agree to replace any unlawful, invalid or ineffective provision with a provision that comes as close as possible to the commercial intent and purpose of the original provision. This section also applies accordingly to any gaps in the contract. 
+
+8.4 Variations. Any variations, amendments or supplements to this Agreement must be in writing. This also applies to any variation of this Section 8.4.
 
-8. You agree to notify NetBird of any facts or circumstances of which you become aware that would make these
-   representations inaccurate in any respect.

README.md

@@ -12,8 +12,11 @@
        <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-BSD--3-blue" />
      </a> 
     <br>
-    <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-2utg2ncdz-W7LEB6toRBLE1Jca37dYpg">
+    <a href="https://docs.netbird.io/slack-url">
         <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/slack-@netbird-red.svg?logo=slack"/>
+     </a>
+    <a href="https://forum.netbird.io">
+        <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community forum-@netbird-red.svg?logo=discourse"/>
      </a>  
      <br>
     <a href="https://gurubase.io/g/netbird">
@@ -29,13 +32,13 @@
   <br/>
   See <a href="https://netbird.io/docs/">Documentation</a>
   <br/>
-   Join our <a href="https://join.slack.com/t/netbirdio/shared_invite/zt-2utg2ncdz-W7LEB6toRBLE1Jca37dYpg">Slack channel</a>
+   Join our <a href="https://docs.netbird.io/slack-url">Slack channel</a> or our <a href="https://forum.netbird.io">Community forum</a>
   <br/>
  
 </strong>
 <br>
-<a href="https://netbird.io/webinars/achieve-zero-trust-access-to-k8s?utm_source=github&utm_campaign=2502%20-%20webinar%20-%20How%20to%20Achieve%20Zero%20Trust%20Access%20to%20Kubernetes%20-%20Effortlessly&utm_medium=github">
-    Webinar: Securely Access Kubernetes without Port Forwarding and Jump Hosts
+<a href="https://registry.terraform.io/providers/netbirdio/netbird/latest">
+    New: NetBird terraform provider
   </a> 
 </p>
 
@@ -47,26 +50,25 @@
 
 **Secure.** NetBird enables secure remote access by applying granular access policies while allowing you to manage them intuitively from a single place. Works universally on any infrastructure.
 
-### Open-Source Network Security in a Single Platform
+### Open Source Network Security in a Single Platform
 
-
-![netbird_2](https://github.com/netbirdio/netbird/assets/700848/46bc3b73-508d-4a0e-bb9a-f465d68646ab)
+<img width="1188" alt="centralized-network-management 1" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c28cc8e4-15d2-4d2f-bb97-a6433db39d56" />
 
 ### NetBird on Lawrence Systems (Video)
 [![Watch the video](https://img.youtube.com/vi/Kwrff6h0rEw/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kwrff6h0rEw)
 
 ### Key features
 
-| Connectivity                                                                                                                 | Management                                                                                               | Security                                                                                                                              | Automation                                                                                                                               | Platforms                                                                               |
-|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
-| <ul><li> - \[x] Kernel WireGuard </ul></li>                                                                                  | <ul><li> - \[x] [Admin Web UI](https://github.com/netbirdio/dashboard) </ul></li>                        | <ul><li> - \[x] [SSO & MFA support](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/installation#running-net-bird-with-sso-login) </ul></li>           | <ul><li> - \[x] [Public API](https://docs.netbird.io/api) </ul></li>                                                                     | <ul><li> - \[x] Linux </ul></li>                                                        |
-| <ul><li> - \[x] Peer-to-peer connections </ul></li>                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] Auto peer discovery and configuration </ul></li>                                         | <ul><li> - \[x] [Access control - groups & rules](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-network-access) </ul></li>                    | <ul><li> - \[x] [Setup keys for bulk network provisioning](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/register-machines-using-setup-keys) </ul></li> | <ul><li> - \[x] Mac </ul></li>                                                          |
-| <ul><li> - \[x] Connection relay fallback </ul></li>                                                                         | <ul><li> - \[x] [IdP integrations](https://docs.netbird.io/selfhosted/identity-providers) </ul></li>     | <ul><li> - \[x] [Activity logging](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/monitor-system-and-network-activity) </ul></li>                     | <ul><li> - \[x] [Self-hosting quickstart script](https://docs.netbird.io/selfhosted/selfhosted-quickstart) </ul></li>                    | <ul><li> - \[x] Windows </ul></li>                                                      |
-| <ul><li> - \[x] [Routes to external networks](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/routing-traffic-to-private-networks) </ul></li> | <ul><li> - \[x] [Private DNS](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-dns-in-your-network) </ul></li>      | <ul><li> - \[x] [Device posture checks](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-posture-checks) </ul></li>                              | <ul><li> - \[x] IdP groups sync with JWT </ul></li>                                                                                      | <ul><li> - \[x] Android </ul></li>                                                      |
-| <ul><li> - \[x] NAT traversal with BPF </ul></li>                                                                            | <ul><li> - \[x] [Multiuser support](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/add-users-to-your-network) </ul></li> | <ul><li> -  \[x] Peer-to-peer encryption </ul></li>                                                                                   |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] iOS </ul></li>                                                          |
-|                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] [Quantum-resistance with Rosenpass](https://netbird.io/knowledge-hub/the-first-quantum-resistant-mesh-vpn) </ul></li> |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] OpenWRT </ul></li>                                                      |
-|                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          | <ui><li> - \[x] [Periodic re-authentication](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/enforce-periodic-user-authentication)</ul></li>           |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] [Serverless](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/netbird-on-faas) </ul></li> |
-|                                                                                                                              |                                                                                                          |                                                                                                                                       |                                                                                                                                          | <ul><li> - \[x] Docker </ul></li>                                                       |
+| Connectivity | Management | Security | Automation| Platforms |
+|----|----|----|----|----|
+| <ul><li>- \[x] Kernel WireGuard</ul></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Admin Web UI](https://github.com/netbirdio/dashboard)</ul></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [SSO & MFA support](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/installation#running-net-bird-with-sso-login)</ul></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Public API](https://docs.netbird.io/api)</ul></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Linux</ul></li> |
+| <ul><li>- \[x] Peer-to-peer connections</ul></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Auto peer discovery and configuration</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Access control - groups & rules](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-network-access)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Setup keys for bulk network provisioning](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/register-machines-using-setup-keys)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Mac</ui></li> |
+| <ul><li>- \[x] Connection relay fallback</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [IdP integrations](https://docs.netbird.io/selfhosted/identity-providers)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Activity logging](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/audit-events-logging)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Self-hosting quickstart script](https://docs.netbird.io/selfhosted/selfhosted-quickstart)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Windows</ui></li> |
+| <ul><li>- \[x] [Routes to external networks](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/routing-traffic-to-private-networks)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Private DNS](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-dns-in-your-network)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Device posture checks](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/manage-posture-checks)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] IdP groups sync with JWT</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Android</ui></li> |
+| <ul><li>- \[x] NAT traversal with BPF</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] [Multiuser support](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/add-users-to-your-network)</ui></li> | <ul><li>- \[x] Peer-to-peer encryption</ui></li> || <ul><li>- \[x] iOS</ui></li> |
+||| <ul><li>- \[x] [Quantum-resistance with Rosenpass](https://netbird.io/knowledge-hub/the-first-quantum-resistant-mesh-vpn)</ui></li> || <ul><li>- \[x] OpenWRT</ui></li> |
+||| <ul><li>- \[x] [Periodic re-authentication](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/enforce-periodic-user-authentication)</ui></li> || <ul><li>- \[x] [Serverless](https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/netbird-on-faas)</ui></li> |
+||||| <ul><li>- \[x] Docker</ui></li> |
 
 ### Quickstart with NetBird Cloud
 

client/Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 FROM alpine:3.21.3
-RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates iptables ip6tables
+# iproute2: busybox doesn't display ip rules properly
+RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates ip6tables iproute2 iptables
+
+ARG NETBIRD_BINARY=netbird
+COPY ${NETBIRD_BINARY} /usr/local/bin/netbird
+
 ENV NB_FOREGROUND_MODE=true
 ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/local/bin/netbird","up"]
-COPY netbird /usr/local/bin/netbird

client/Dockerfile-rootless

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 FROM alpine:3.21.0
 
-COPY netbird /usr/local/bin/netbird
+ARG NETBIRD_BINARY=netbird
+COPY ${NETBIRD_BINARY} /usr/local/bin/netbird
 
 RUN apk add --no-cache ca-certificates \
     && adduser -D -h /var/lib/netbird netbird

client/android/client.go

@@ -59,10 +59,14 @@ type Client struct {
 	deviceName            string
 	uiVersion             string
 	networkChangeListener listener.NetworkChangeListener
+
+	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient
 }
 
 // NewClient instantiate a new Client
-func NewClient(cfgFile, deviceName string, uiVersion string, tunAdapter TunAdapter, iFaceDiscover IFaceDiscover, networkChangeListener NetworkChangeListener) *Client {
+func NewClient(cfgFile string, androidSDKVersion int, deviceName string, uiVersion string, tunAdapter TunAdapter, iFaceDiscover IFaceDiscover, networkChangeListener NetworkChangeListener) *Client {
+	execWorkaround(androidSDKVersion)
+
 	net.SetAndroidProtectSocketFn(tunAdapter.ProtectSocket)
 	return &Client{
 		cfgFile:               cfgFile,
@@ -106,8 +110,8 @@ func (c *Client) Run(urlOpener URLOpener, dns *DNSList, dnsReadyListener DnsRead
 
 	// todo do not throw error in case of cancelled context
 	ctx = internal.CtxInitState(ctx)
-	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, cfg, c.recorder)
-	return connectClient.RunOnAndroid(c.tunAdapter, c.iFaceDiscover, c.networkChangeListener, dns.items, dnsReadyListener)
+	c.connectClient = internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, cfg, c.recorder)
+	return c.connectClient.RunOnAndroid(c.tunAdapter, c.iFaceDiscover, c.networkChangeListener, dns.items, dnsReadyListener)
 }
 
 // RunWithoutLogin we apply this type of run function when the backed has been started without UI (i.e. after reboot).
@@ -132,8 +136,8 @@ func (c *Client) RunWithoutLogin(dns *DNSList, dnsReadyListener DnsReadyListener
 
 	// todo do not throw error in case of cancelled context
 	ctx = internal.CtxInitState(ctx)
-	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, cfg, c.recorder)
-	return connectClient.RunOnAndroid(c.tunAdapter, c.iFaceDiscover, c.networkChangeListener, dns.items, dnsReadyListener)
+	c.connectClient = internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, cfg, c.recorder)
+	return c.connectClient.RunOnAndroid(c.tunAdapter, c.iFaceDiscover, c.networkChangeListener, dns.items, dnsReadyListener)
 }
 
 // Stop the internal client and free the resources
@@ -174,6 +178,55 @@ func (c *Client) PeersList() *PeerInfoArray {
 	return &PeerInfoArray{items: peerInfos}
 }
 
+func (c *Client) Networks() *NetworkArray {
+	if c.connectClient == nil {
+		log.Error("not connected")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	engine := c.connectClient.Engine()
+	if engine == nil {
+		log.Error("could not get engine")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	routeManager := engine.GetRouteManager()
+	if routeManager == nil {
+		log.Error("could not get route manager")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	networkArray := &NetworkArray{
+		items: make([]Network, 0),
+	}
+
+	for id, routes := range routeManager.GetClientRoutesWithNetID() {
+		if len(routes) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		r := routes[0]
+		netStr := r.Network.String()
+		if r.IsDynamic() {
+			netStr = r.Domains.SafeString()
+		}
+
+		peer, err := c.recorder.GetPeer(routes[0].Peer)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("could not get peer info for %s: %v", routes[0].Peer, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		network := Network{
+			Name:    string(id),
+			Network: netStr,
+			Peer:    peer.FQDN,
+			Status:  peer.ConnStatus.String(),
+		}
+		networkArray.Add(network)
+	}
+	return networkArray
+}
+
 // OnUpdatedHostDNS update the DNS servers addresses for root zones
 func (c *Client) OnUpdatedHostDNS(list *DNSList) error {
 	dnsServer, err := dns.GetServerDns()

client/android/exec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+//go:build android
+
+package android
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	_ "unsafe"
+)
+
+// https://github.com/golang/go/pull/69543/commits/aad6b3b32c81795f86bc4a9e81aad94899daf520
+// In Android version 11 and earlier, pidfd-related system calls
+// are not allowed by the seccomp policy, which causes crashes due
+// to SIGSYS signals.
+
+//go:linkname checkPidfdOnce os.checkPidfdOnce
+var checkPidfdOnce func() error
+
+func execWorkaround(androidSDKVersion int) {
+	if androidSDKVersion > 30 { // above Android 11
+		return
+	}
+
+	checkPidfdOnce = func() error {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported Android version")
+	}
+}

client/android/networks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//go:build android
+
+package android
+
+type Network struct {
+	Name    string
+	Network string
+	Peer    string
+	Status  string
+}
+
+type NetworkArray struct {
+	items []Network
+}
+
+func (array *NetworkArray) Add(s Network) *NetworkArray {
+	array.items = append(array.items, s)
+	return array
+}
+
+func (array *NetworkArray) Get(i int) *Network {
+	return &array.items[i]
+}
+
+func (array *NetworkArray) Size() int {
+	return len(array.items)
+}

client/android/peer_notifier.go

@@ -7,30 +7,23 @@ type PeerInfo struct {
 	ConnStatus string // Todo replace to enum
 }
 
-// PeerInfoCollection made for Java layer to get non default types as collection
-type PeerInfoCollection interface {
-	Add(s string) PeerInfoCollection
-	Get(i int) string
-	Size() int
-}
-
-// PeerInfoArray is the implementation of the PeerInfoCollection
+// PeerInfoArray is a wrapper of []PeerInfo
 type PeerInfoArray struct {
 	items []PeerInfo
 }
 
 // Add new PeerInfo to the collection
-func (array PeerInfoArray) Add(s PeerInfo) PeerInfoArray {
+func (array *PeerInfoArray) Add(s PeerInfo) *PeerInfoArray {
 	array.items = append(array.items, s)
 	return array
 }
 
 // Get return an element of the collection
-func (array PeerInfoArray) Get(i int) *PeerInfo {
+func (array *PeerInfoArray) Get(i int) *PeerInfo {
 	return &array.items[i]
 }
 
 // Size return with the size of the collection
-func (array PeerInfoArray) Size() int {
+func (array *PeerInfoArray) Size() int {
 	return len(array.items)
 }

client/android/preferences.go

@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
 )
 
-// Preferences export a subset of the internal config for gomobile
+// Preferences exports a subset of the internal config for gomobile
 type Preferences struct {
 	configInput internal.ConfigInput
 }
 
-// NewPreferences create new Preferences instance
+// NewPreferences creates a new Preferences instance
 func NewPreferences(configPath string) *Preferences {
 	ci := internal.ConfigInput{
 		ConfigPath: configPath,
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ func NewPreferences(configPath string) *Preferences {
 	return &Preferences{ci}
 }
 
-// GetManagementURL read url from config file
+// GetManagementURL reads URL from config file
 func (p *Preferences) GetManagementURL() (string, error) {
 	if p.configInput.ManagementURL != "" {
 		return p.configInput.ManagementURL, nil
@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ func (p *Preferences) GetManagementURL() (string, error) {
 	return cfg.ManagementURL.String(), err
 }
 
-// SetManagementURL store the given url and wait for commit
+// SetManagementURL stores the given URL and waits for commit
 func (p *Preferences) SetManagementURL(url string) {
 	p.configInput.ManagementURL = url
 }
 
-// GetAdminURL read url from config file
+// GetAdminURL reads URL from config file
 func (p *Preferences) GetAdminURL() (string, error) {
 	if p.configInput.AdminURL != "" {
 		return p.configInput.AdminURL, nil
@@ -48,12 +48,12 @@ func (p *Preferences) GetAdminURL() (string, error) {
 	return cfg.AdminURL.String(), err
 }
 
-// SetAdminURL store the given url and wait for commit
+// SetAdminURL stores the given URL and waits for commit
 func (p *Preferences) SetAdminURL(url string) {
 	p.configInput.AdminURL = url
 }
 
-// GetPreSharedKey read preshared key from config file
+// GetPreSharedKey reads pre-shared key from config file
 func (p *Preferences) GetPreSharedKey() (string, error) {
 	if p.configInput.PreSharedKey != nil {
 		return *p.configInput.PreSharedKey, nil
@@ -66,12 +66,160 @@ func (p *Preferences) GetPreSharedKey() (string, error) {
 	return cfg.PreSharedKey, err
 }
 
-// SetPreSharedKey store the given key and wait for commit
+// SetPreSharedKey stores the given key and waits for commit
 func (p *Preferences) SetPreSharedKey(key string) {
 	p.configInput.PreSharedKey = &key
 }
 
-// Commit write out the changes into config file
+// SetRosenpassEnabled stores whether Rosenpass is enabled
+func (p *Preferences) SetRosenpassEnabled(enabled bool) {
+	p.configInput.RosenpassEnabled = &enabled
+}
+
+// GetRosenpassEnabled reads Rosenpass enabled status from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetRosenpassEnabled() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.RosenpassEnabled != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.RosenpassEnabled, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.RosenpassEnabled, err
+}
+
+// SetRosenpassPermissive stores the given permissive setting and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetRosenpassPermissive(permissive bool) {
+	p.configInput.RosenpassPermissive = &permissive
+}
+
+// GetRosenpassPermissive reads Rosenpass permissive setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetRosenpassPermissive() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.RosenpassPermissive != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.RosenpassPermissive, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.RosenpassPermissive, err
+}
+
+// GetDisableClientRoutes reads disable client routes setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetDisableClientRoutes() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.DisableClientRoutes != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.DisableClientRoutes, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.DisableClientRoutes, err
+}
+
+// SetDisableClientRoutes stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetDisableClientRoutes(disable bool) {
+	p.configInput.DisableClientRoutes = &disable
+}
+
+// GetDisableServerRoutes reads disable server routes setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetDisableServerRoutes() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.DisableServerRoutes != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.DisableServerRoutes, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.DisableServerRoutes, err
+}
+
+// SetDisableServerRoutes stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetDisableServerRoutes(disable bool) {
+	p.configInput.DisableServerRoutes = &disable
+}
+
+// GetDisableDNS reads disable DNS setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetDisableDNS() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.DisableDNS != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.DisableDNS, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.DisableDNS, err
+}
+
+// SetDisableDNS stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetDisableDNS(disable bool) {
+	p.configInput.DisableDNS = &disable
+}
+
+// GetDisableFirewall reads disable firewall setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetDisableFirewall() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.DisableFirewall != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.DisableFirewall, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.DisableFirewall, err
+}
+
+// SetDisableFirewall stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetDisableFirewall(disable bool) {
+	p.configInput.DisableFirewall = &disable
+}
+
+// GetServerSSHAllowed reads server SSH allowed setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetServerSSHAllowed() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.ServerSSHAllowed != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.ServerSSHAllowed, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	if cfg.ServerSSHAllowed == nil {
+		// Default to false for security on Android
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	return *cfg.ServerSSHAllowed, err
+}
+
+// SetServerSSHAllowed stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetServerSSHAllowed(allowed bool) {
+	p.configInput.ServerSSHAllowed = &allowed
+}
+
+// GetBlockInbound reads block inbound setting from config file
+func (p *Preferences) GetBlockInbound() (bool, error) {
+	if p.configInput.BlockInbound != nil {
+		return *p.configInput.BlockInbound, nil
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := internal.ReadConfig(p.configInput.ConfigPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	return cfg.BlockInbound, err
+}
+
+// SetBlockInbound stores the given value and waits for commit
+func (p *Preferences) SetBlockInbound(block bool) {
+	p.configInput.BlockInbound = &block
+}
+
+// Commit writes out the changes to the config file
 func (p *Preferences) Commit() error {
 	_, err := internal.UpdateOrCreateConfig(p.configInput)
 	return err

client/anonymize/anonymize.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ type Anonymizer struct {
 }
 
 func DefaultAddresses() (netip.Addr, netip.Addr) {
-	// 192.51.100.0, 100::
+	// 198.51.100.0, 100::
 	return netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{198, 51, 100, 0}), netip.AddrFrom16([16]byte{0x01})
 }
 
@@ -69,6 +69,22 @@ func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeIP(ip netip.Addr) netip.Addr {
 	return a.ipAnonymizer[ip]
 }
 
+func (a *Anonymizer) AnonymizeUDPAddr(addr net.UDPAddr) net.UDPAddr {
+	// Convert IP to netip.Addr
+	ip, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(addr.IP)
+	if !ok {
+		return addr
+	}
+
+	anonIP := a.AnonymizeIP(ip)
+
+	return net.UDPAddr{
+		IP:   anonIP.AsSlice(),
+		Port: addr.Port,
+		Zone: addr.Zone,
+	}
+}
+
 // isInAnonymizedRange checks if an IP is within the range of already assigned anonymized IPs
 func (a *Anonymizer) isInAnonymizedRange(ip netip.Addr) bool {
 	if ip.Is4() && ip.Compare(a.startAnonIPv4) >= 0 && ip.Compare(a.currentAnonIPv4) <= 0 {

client/cmd/debug.go

@@ -11,13 +11,24 @@ import (
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/debug"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
 	nbstatus "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/status"
+	mgmProto "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/proto"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/upload-server/types"
 )
 
 const errCloseConnection = "Failed to close connection: %v"
 
+var (
+	logFileCount        uint32
+	systemInfoFlag      bool
+	uploadBundleFlag    bool
+	uploadBundleURLFlag string
+)
+
 var debugCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "debug",
 	Short: "Debugging commands",
@@ -84,16 +95,28 @@ func debugBundle(cmd *cobra.Command, _ []string) error {
 	}()
 
 	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
-	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
-		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
-		Status:     getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag),
-		SystemInfo: debugSystemInfoFlag,
-	})
+	request := &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
+		Anonymize:    anonymizeFlag,
+		Status:       getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag),
+		SystemInfo:   systemInfoFlag,
+		LogFileCount: logFileCount,
+	}
+	if uploadBundleFlag {
+		request.UploadURL = uploadBundleURLFlag
+	}
+	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), request)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to bundle debug: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
+	cmd.Printf("Local file:\n%s\n", resp.GetPath())
 
-	cmd.Println(resp.GetPath())
+	if resp.GetUploadFailureReason() != "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("upload failed: %s", resp.GetUploadFailureReason())
+	}
+
+	if uploadBundleFlag {
+		cmd.Printf("Upload file key:\n%s\n", resp.GetUploadedKey())
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -208,23 +231,20 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 
 	headerPreDown := fmt.Sprintf("----- Netbird pre-down - Timestamp: %s - Duration: %s", time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339), duration)
 	statusOutput = fmt.Sprintf("%s\n%s\n%s", statusOutput, headerPreDown, getStatusOutput(cmd, anonymizeFlag))
-
-	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
-		Anonymize:  anonymizeFlag,
-		Status:     statusOutput,
-		SystemInfo: debugSystemInfoFlag,
-	})
+	request := &proto.DebugBundleRequest{
+		Anonymize:    anonymizeFlag,
+		Status:       statusOutput,
+		SystemInfo:   systemInfoFlag,
+		LogFileCount: logFileCount,
+	}
+	if uploadBundleFlag {
+		request.UploadURL = uploadBundleURLFlag
+	}
+	resp, err := client.DebugBundle(cmd.Context(), request)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to bundle debug: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
 
-	// Disable network map persistence after creating the debug bundle
-	if _, err := client.SetNetworkMapPersistence(cmd.Context(), &proto.SetNetworkMapPersistenceRequest{
-		Enabled: false,
-	}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to disable network map persistence: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
-	}
-
 	if stateWasDown {
 		if _, err := client.Down(cmd.Context(), &proto.DownRequest{}); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to down: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
@@ -239,7 +259,15 @@ func runForDuration(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		cmd.Println("Log level restored to", initialLogLevel.GetLevel())
 	}
 
-	cmd.Println(resp.GetPath())
+	cmd.Printf("Local file:\n%s\n", resp.GetPath())
+
+	if resp.GetUploadFailureReason() != "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("upload failed: %s", resp.GetUploadFailureReason())
+	}
+
+	if uploadBundleFlag {
+		cmd.Printf("Upload file key:\n%s\n", resp.GetUploadedKey())
+	}
 
 	return nil
 }
@@ -279,7 +307,7 @@ func getStatusOutput(cmd *cobra.Command, anon bool) string {
 		cmd.PrintErrf("Failed to get status: %v\n", err)
 	} else {
 		statusOutputString = nbstatus.ParseToFullDetailSummary(
-			nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(statusResp, anon, "", nil, nil, nil),
+			nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(statusResp, anon, "", nil, nil, nil, ""),
 		)
 	}
 	return statusOutputString
@@ -326,3 +354,46 @@ func formatDuration(d time.Duration) string {
 	s := d / time.Second
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", h, m, s)
 }
+
+func generateDebugBundle(config *internal.Config, recorder *peer.Status, connectClient *internal.ConnectClient, logFilePath string) {
+	var networkMap *mgmProto.NetworkMap
+	var err error
+
+	if connectClient != nil {
+		networkMap, err = connectClient.GetLatestNetworkMap()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("Failed to get latest network map: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	bundleGenerator := debug.NewBundleGenerator(
+		debug.GeneratorDependencies{
+			InternalConfig: config,
+			StatusRecorder: recorder,
+			NetworkMap:     networkMap,
+			LogFile:        logFilePath,
+		},
+		debug.BundleConfig{
+			IncludeSystemInfo: true,
+		},
+	)
+
+	path, err := bundleGenerator.Generate()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to generate debug bundle: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	log.Infof("Generated debug bundle from SIGUSR1 at: %s", path)
+}
+
+func init() {
+	debugBundleCmd.Flags().Uint32VarP(&logFileCount, "log-file-count", "C", 1, "Number of rotated log files to include in debug bundle")
+	debugBundleCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&systemInfoFlag, "system-info", "S", true, "Adds system information to the debug bundle")
+	debugBundleCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&uploadBundleFlag, "upload-bundle", "U", false, "Uploads the debug bundle to a server")
+	debugBundleCmd.Flags().StringVar(&uploadBundleURLFlag, "upload-bundle-url", types.DefaultBundleURL, "Service URL to get an URL to upload the debug bundle")
+
+	forCmd.Flags().Uint32VarP(&logFileCount, "log-file-count", "C", 1, "Number of rotated log files to include in debug bundle")
+	forCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&systemInfoFlag, "system-info", "S", true, "Adds system information to the debug bundle")
+	forCmd.Flags().BoolVarP(&uploadBundleFlag, "upload-bundle", "U", false, "Uploads the debug bundle to a server")
+	forCmd.Flags().StringVar(&uploadBundleURLFlag, "upload-bundle-url", types.DefaultBundleURL, "Service URL to get an URL to upload the debug bundle")
+}

client/cmd/debug_unix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+//go:build unix
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+)
+
+func SetupDebugHandler(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	config *internal.Config,
+	recorder *peer.Status,
+	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient,
+	logFilePath string,
+) {
+	usr1Ch := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+
+	signal.Notify(usr1Ch, syscall.SIGUSR1)
+
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-usr1Ch:
+				log.Info("Received SIGUSR1. Triggering debug bundle generation.")
+				go generateDebugBundle(config, recorder, connectClient, logFilePath)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}

client/cmd/debug_windows.go

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+	"golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/peer"
+)
+
+const (
+	envListenEvent        = "NB_LISTEN_DEBUG_EVENT"
+	debugTriggerEventName = `Global\NetbirdDebugTriggerEvent`
+
+	waitTimeout = 5 * time.Second
+)
+
+// SetupDebugHandler sets up a Windows event to listen for a signal to generate a debug bundle.
+// Example usage with PowerShell:
+// $evt = [System.Threading.EventWaitHandle]::OpenExisting("Global\NetbirdDebugTriggerEvent")
+// $evt.Set()
+// $evt.Close()
+func SetupDebugHandler(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	config *internal.Config,
+	recorder *peer.Status,
+	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient,
+	logFilePath string,
+) {
+	env := os.Getenv(envListenEvent)
+	if env == "" {
+		return
+	}
+
+	listenEvent, err := strconv.ParseBool(env)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to parse %s: %v", envListenEvent, err)
+		return
+	}
+	if !listenEvent {
+		return
+	}
+
+	eventNamePtr, err := windows.UTF16PtrFromString(debugTriggerEventName)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("Failed to convert event name '%s' to UTF16: %v", debugTriggerEventName, err)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// TODO: restrict access by ACL
+	eventHandle, err := windows.CreateEvent(nil, 1, 0, eventNamePtr)
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, windows.ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+			log.Warnf("Debug trigger event '%s' already exists. Attempting to open.", debugTriggerEventName)
+			// SYNCHRONIZE is needed for WaitForSingleObject, EVENT_MODIFY_STATE for ResetEvent.
+			eventHandle, err = windows.OpenEvent(windows.SYNCHRONIZE|windows.EVENT_MODIFY_STATE, false, eventNamePtr)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("Failed to open existing debug trigger event '%s': %v", debugTriggerEventName, err)
+				return
+			}
+			log.Infof("Successfully opened existing debug trigger event '%s'.", debugTriggerEventName)
+		} else {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to create debug trigger event '%s': %v", debugTriggerEventName, err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	if eventHandle == windows.InvalidHandle {
+		log.Errorf("Obtained an invalid handle for debug trigger event '%s'", debugTriggerEventName)
+		return
+	}
+
+	log.Infof("Debug handler waiting for signal on event: %s", debugTriggerEventName)
+
+	go waitForEvent(ctx, config, recorder, connectClient, logFilePath, eventHandle)
+}
+
+func waitForEvent(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	config *internal.Config,
+	recorder *peer.Status,
+	connectClient *internal.ConnectClient,
+	logFilePath string,
+	eventHandle windows.Handle,
+) {
+	defer func() {
+		if err := windows.CloseHandle(eventHandle); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to close debug event handle '%s': %v", debugTriggerEventName, err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	for {
+		if ctx.Err() != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		status, err := windows.WaitForSingleObject(eventHandle, uint32(waitTimeout.Milliseconds()))
+
+		switch status {
+		case windows.WAIT_OBJECT_0:
+			log.Info("Received signal on debug event. Triggering debug bundle generation.")
+
+			// reset the event so it can be triggered again later (manual reset == 1)
+			if err := windows.ResetEvent(eventHandle); err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("Failed to reset debug event '%s': %v", debugTriggerEventName, err)
+			}
+
+			go generateDebugBundle(config, recorder, connectClient, logFilePath)
+		case uint32(windows.WAIT_TIMEOUT):
+
+		default:
+			log.Errorf("Unexpected status %d from WaitForSingleObject for debug event '%s': %v", status, debugTriggerEventName, err)
+			select {
+			case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

client/cmd/login.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -19,6 +20,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
+func init() {
+	loginCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&noBrowser, noBrowserFlag, false, noBrowserDesc)
+}
+
 var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "login",
 	Short: "login to the Netbird Management Service (first run)",
@@ -51,6 +56,9 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 				return err
 			}
 
+			// update host's static platform and system information
+			system.UpdateStaticInfo()
+
 			ic := internal.ConfigInput{
 				ManagementURL: managementURL,
 				AdminURL:      adminURL,
@@ -91,11 +99,11 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		}
 
 		loginRequest := proto.LoginRequest{
-			SetupKey:             providedSetupKey,
-			ManagementUrl:        managementURL,
-			IsLinuxDesktopClient: isLinuxRunningDesktop(),
-			Hostname:             hostName,
-			DnsLabels:            dnsLabelsReq,
+			SetupKey:            providedSetupKey,
+			ManagementUrl:       managementURL,
+			IsUnixDesktopClient: isUnixRunningDesktop(),
+			Hostname:            hostName,
+			DnsLabels:           dnsLabelsReq,
 		}
 
 		if rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Changed(preSharedKeyFlag) {
@@ -127,7 +135,7 @@ var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		}
 
 		if loginResp.NeedsSSOLogin {
-			openURL(cmd, loginResp.VerificationURIComplete, loginResp.UserCode)
+			openURL(cmd, loginResp.VerificationURIComplete, loginResp.UserCode, noBrowser)
 
 			_, err = client.WaitSSOLogin(ctx, &proto.WaitSSOLoginRequest{UserCode: loginResp.UserCode, Hostname: hostName})
 			if err != nil {
@@ -188,7 +196,7 @@ func foregroundLogin(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, config *internal.C
 }
 
 func foregroundGetTokenInfo(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, config *internal.Config) (*auth.TokenInfo, error) {
-	oAuthFlow, err := auth.NewOAuthFlow(ctx, config, isLinuxRunningDesktop())
+	oAuthFlow, err := auth.NewOAuthFlow(ctx, config, isUnixRunningDesktop())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -198,7 +206,7 @@ func foregroundGetTokenInfo(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, config *int
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting a request OAuth flow info failed: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	openURL(cmd, flowInfo.VerificationURIComplete, flowInfo.UserCode)
+	openURL(cmd, flowInfo.VerificationURIComplete, flowInfo.UserCode, noBrowser)
 
 	waitTimeout := time.Duration(flowInfo.ExpiresIn) * time.Second
 	waitCTX, c := context.WithTimeout(context.TODO(), waitTimeout)
@@ -212,23 +220,34 @@ func foregroundGetTokenInfo(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command, config *int
 	return &tokenInfo, nil
 }
 
-func openURL(cmd *cobra.Command, verificationURIComplete, userCode string) {
+func openURL(cmd *cobra.Command, verificationURIComplete, userCode string, noBrowser bool) {
 	var codeMsg string
 	if userCode != "" && !strings.Contains(verificationURIComplete, userCode) {
 		codeMsg = fmt.Sprintf("and enter the code %s to authenticate.", userCode)
 	}
 
-	cmd.Println("Please do the SSO login in your browser. \n" +
-		"If your browser didn't open automatically, use this URL to log in:\n\n" +
-		verificationURIComplete + " " + codeMsg)
+	if noBrowser {
+		cmd.Println("Use this URL to log in:\n\n" + verificationURIComplete + " " + codeMsg)
+	} else {
+		cmd.Println("Please do the SSO login in your browser. \n" +
+			"If your browser didn't open automatically, use this URL to log in:\n\n" +
+			verificationURIComplete + " " + codeMsg)
+	}
+
 	cmd.Println("")
-	if err := open.Run(verificationURIComplete); err != nil {
-		cmd.Println("\nAlternatively, you may want to use a setup key, see:\n\n" +
-			"https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/register-machines-using-setup-keys")
+
+	if !noBrowser {
+		if err := open.Run(verificationURIComplete); err != nil {
+			cmd.Println("\nAlternatively, you may want to use a setup key, see:\n\n" +
+				"https://docs.netbird.io/how-to/register-machines-using-setup-keys")
+		}
 	}
 }
 
-// isLinuxRunningDesktop checks if a Linux OS is running desktop environment
-func isLinuxRunningDesktop() bool {
+// isUnixRunningDesktop checks if a Linux OS is running desktop environment
+func isUnixRunningDesktop() bool {
+	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" && runtime.GOOS != "freebsd" {
+		return false
+	}
 	return os.Getenv("DESKTOP_SESSION") != "" || os.Getenv("XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP") != ""
 }

client/cmd/root.go

@@ -25,20 +25,19 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	externalIPMapFlag       = "external-ip-map"
-	dnsResolverAddress      = "dns-resolver-address"
-	enableRosenpassFlag     = "enable-rosenpass"
-	rosenpassPermissiveFlag = "rosenpass-permissive"
-	preSharedKeyFlag        = "preshared-key"
-	interfaceNameFlag       = "interface-name"
-	wireguardPortFlag       = "wireguard-port"
-	networkMonitorFlag      = "network-monitor"
-	disableAutoConnectFlag  = "disable-auto-connect"
-	serverSSHAllowedFlag    = "allow-server-ssh"
-	extraIFaceBlackListFlag = "extra-iface-blacklist"
-	dnsRouteIntervalFlag    = "dns-router-interval"
-	systemInfoFlag          = "system-info"
-	blockLANAccessFlag      = "block-lan-access"
+	externalIPMapFlag        = "external-ip-map"
+	dnsResolverAddress       = "dns-resolver-address"
+	enableRosenpassFlag      = "enable-rosenpass"
+	rosenpassPermissiveFlag  = "rosenpass-permissive"
+	preSharedKeyFlag         = "preshared-key"
+	interfaceNameFlag        = "interface-name"
+	wireguardPortFlag        = "wireguard-port"
+	networkMonitorFlag       = "network-monitor"
+	disableAutoConnectFlag   = "disable-auto-connect"
+	serverSSHAllowedFlag     = "allow-server-ssh"
+	extraIFaceBlackListFlag  = "extra-iface-blacklist"
+	dnsRouteIntervalFlag     = "dns-router-interval"
+	enableLazyConnectionFlag = "enable-lazy-connection"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -72,9 +71,8 @@ var (
 	autoConnectDisabled     bool
 	extraIFaceBlackList     []string
 	anonymizeFlag           bool
-	debugSystemInfoFlag     bool
 	dnsRouteInterval        time.Duration
-	blockLANAccess          bool
+	lazyConnEnabled         bool
 
 	rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:          "netbird",
@@ -179,8 +177,8 @@ func init() {
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&rosenpassPermissive, rosenpassPermissiveFlag, false, "[Experimental] Enable Rosenpass in permissive mode to allow this peer to accept WireGuard connections without requiring Rosenpass functionality from peers that do not have Rosenpass enabled.")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&serverSSHAllowed, serverSSHAllowedFlag, false, "Allow SSH server on peer. If enabled, the SSH server will be permitted")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&autoConnectDisabled, disableAutoConnectFlag, false, "Disables auto-connect feature. If enabled, then the client won't connect automatically when the service starts.")
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&lazyConnEnabled, enableLazyConnectionFlag, false, "[Experimental] Enable the lazy connection feature. If enabled, the client will establish connections on-demand. Note: this setting may be overridden by management configuration.")
 
-	debugCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&debugSystemInfoFlag, systemInfoFlag, "S", false, "Adds system information to the debug bundle")
 }
 
 // SetupCloseHandler handles SIGTERM signal and exits with success

client/cmd/service.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package cmd
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"runtime"
 	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/kardianos/service"
@@ -27,12 +28,19 @@ func newProgram(ctx context.Context, cancel context.CancelFunc) *program {
 }
 
 func newSVCConfig() *service.Config {
-	return &service.Config{
+	config := &service.Config{
 		Name:        serviceName,
 		DisplayName: "Netbird",
-		Description: "A WireGuard-based mesh network that connects your devices into a single private network.",
+		Description: "Netbird mesh network client",
 		Option:      make(service.KeyValue),
+		EnvVars:     make(map[string]string),
 	}
+
+	if runtime.GOOS == "linux" {
+		config.EnvVars["SYSTEMD_UNIT"] = serviceName
+	}
+
+	return config
 }
 
 func newSVC(prg *program, conf *service.Config) (service.Service, error) {

client/cmd/service_controller.go

@@ -16,12 +16,17 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/proto"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/server"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/system"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 )
 
 func (p *program) Start(svc service.Service) error {
 	// Start should not block. Do the actual work async.
 	log.Info("starting Netbird service") //nolint
+
+	// Collect static system and platform information
+	system.UpdateStaticInfo()
+
 	// in any case, even if configuration does not exists we run daemon to serve CLI gRPC API.
 	p.serv = grpc.NewServer()
 
@@ -115,6 +120,7 @@ var runCmd = &cobra.Command{
 
 		ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(cmd.Context())
 		SetupCloseHandler(ctx, cancel)
+		SetupDebugHandler(ctx, nil, nil, nil, logFile)
 
 		s, err := newSVC(newProgram(ctx, cancel), newSVCConfig())
 		if err != nil {

client/cmd/service_installer.go

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ var installCmd = &cobra.Command{
 			svcConfig.Arguments = append(svcConfig.Arguments, "--management-url", managementURL)
 		}
 
-		if logFile != "console" {
+		if logFile != "" {
 			svcConfig.Arguments = append(svcConfig.Arguments, "--log-file", logFile)
 		}
 

client/cmd/status.go

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ var (
 	statusFilter         string
 	ipsFilterMap         map[string]struct{}
 	prefixNamesFilterMap map[string]struct{}
+	connectionTypeFilter string
 )
 
 var statusCmd = &cobra.Command{
@@ -44,7 +45,8 @@ func init() {
 	statusCmd.MarkFlagsMutuallyExclusive("detail", "json", "yaml", "ipv4")
 	statusCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&ipsFilter, "filter-by-ips", []string{}, "filters the detailed output by a list of one or more IPs, e.g., --filter-by-ips 100.64.0.100,100.64.0.200")
 	statusCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&prefixNamesFilter, "filter-by-names", []string{}, "filters the detailed output by a list of one or more peer FQDN or hostnames, e.g., --filter-by-names peer-a,peer-b.netbird.cloud")
-	statusCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&statusFilter, "filter-by-status", "", "filters the detailed output by connection status(connected|disconnected), e.g., --filter-by-status connected")
+	statusCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&statusFilter, "filter-by-status", "", "filters the detailed output by connection status(idle|connecting|connected), e.g., --filter-by-status connected")
+	statusCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&connectionTypeFilter, "filter-by-connection-type", "", "filters the detailed output by connection type (P2P|Relayed), e.g., --filter-by-connection-type P2P")
 }
 
 func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -69,7 +71,10 @@ func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	if resp.GetStatus() == string(internal.StatusNeedsLogin) || resp.GetStatus() == string(internal.StatusLoginFailed) {
+	status := resp.GetStatus()
+
+	if status == string(internal.StatusNeedsLogin) || status == string(internal.StatusLoginFailed) ||
+		status == string(internal.StatusSessionExpired) {
 		cmd.Printf("Daemon status: %s\n\n"+
 			"Run UP command to log in with SSO (interactive login):\n\n"+
 			" netbird up \n\n"+
@@ -86,7 +91,7 @@ func statusFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	var outputInformationHolder = nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(resp, anonymizeFlag, statusFilter, prefixNamesFilter, prefixNamesFilterMap, ipsFilterMap)
+	var outputInformationHolder = nbstatus.ConvertToStatusOutputOverview(resp, anonymizeFlag, statusFilter, prefixNamesFilter, prefixNamesFilterMap, ipsFilterMap, connectionTypeFilter)
 	var statusOutputString string
 	switch {
 	case detailFlag:
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@ func getStatus(ctx context.Context) (*proto.StatusResponse, error) {
 	}
 	defer conn.Close()
 
-	resp, err := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn).Status(ctx, &proto.StatusRequest{GetFullPeerStatus: true})
+	resp, err := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn).Status(ctx, &proto.StatusRequest{GetFullPeerStatus: true, ShouldRunProbes: true})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("status failed: %v", status.Convert(err).Message())
 	}
@@ -127,12 +132,12 @@ func getStatus(ctx context.Context) (*proto.StatusResponse, error) {
 
 func parseFilters() error {
 	switch strings.ToLower(statusFilter) {
-	case "", "disconnected", "connected":
+	case "", "idle", "connecting", "connected":
 		if strings.ToLower(statusFilter) != "" {
 			enableDetailFlagWhenFilterFlag()
 		}
 	default:
-		return fmt.Errorf("wrong status filter, should be one of connected|disconnected, got: %s", statusFilter)
+		return fmt.Errorf("wrong status filter, should be one of connected|connecting|idle, got: %s", statusFilter)
 	}
 
 	if len(ipsFilter) > 0 {
@@ -153,6 +158,15 @@ func parseFilters() error {
 		enableDetailFlagWhenFilterFlag()
 	}
 
+	switch strings.ToLower(connectionTypeFilter) {
+	case "", "p2p", "relayed":
+		if strings.ToLower(connectionTypeFilter) != "" {
+			enableDetailFlagWhenFilterFlag()
+		}
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("wrong connection-type filter, should be one of P2P|Relayed, got: %s", connectionTypeFilter)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 

client/cmd/system.go

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ const (
 	disableServerRoutesFlag = "disable-server-routes"
 	disableDNSFlag          = "disable-dns"
 	disableFirewallFlag     = "disable-firewall"
+	blockLANAccessFlag      = "block-lan-access"
+	blockInboundFlag        = "block-inbound"
 )
 
 var (
@@ -13,6 +15,8 @@ var (
 	disableServerRoutes bool
 	disableDNS          bool
 	disableFirewall     bool
+	blockLANAccess      bool
+	blockInbound        bool
 )
 
 func init() {
@@ -28,4 +32,11 @@ func init() {
 
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&disableFirewall, disableFirewallFlag, false,
 		"Disable firewall configuration. If enabled, the client won't modify firewall rules.")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&blockLANAccess, blockLANAccessFlag, false,
+		"Block access to local networks (LAN) when using this peer as a router or exit node")
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&blockInbound, blockInboundFlag, false,
+		"Block inbound connections. If enabled, the client will not allow any inbound connections to the local machine nor routed networks.\n"+
+			"This overrides any policies received from the management service.")
 }

client/cmd/testutil_test.go

@@ -6,14 +6,17 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/golang/mock/gomock"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/otel"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/activity"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/integrations/port_forwarding"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/permissions"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/settings"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/store"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/telemetry"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/server/types"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util"
 
@@ -31,7 +34,7 @@ import (
 
 func startTestingServices(t *testing.T) string {
 	t.Helper()
-	config := &mgmt.Config{}
+	config := &types.Config{}
 	_, err := util.ReadJson("../testdata/management.json", config)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ func startSignal(t *testing.T) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
 	return s, lis
 }
 
-func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config, testFile string) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
+func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *types.Config, testFile string) (*grpc.Server, net.Listener) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", ":0")
@@ -89,14 +92,24 @@ func startManagement(t *testing.T, config *mgmt.Config, testFile string) (*grpc.
 
 	metrics, err := telemetry.NewDefaultAppMetrics(context.Background())
 	require.NoError(t, err)
+	ctrl := gomock.NewController(t)
+	t.Cleanup(ctrl.Finish)
 
-	accountManager, err := mgmt.BuildManager(context.Background(), store, peersUpdateManager, nil, "", "netbird.selfhosted", eventStore, nil, false, iv, metrics, port_forwarding.NewControllerMock(), settings.NewManagerMock())
+	settingsMockManager := settings.NewMockManager(ctrl)
+	permissionsManagerMock := permissions.NewMockManager(ctrl)
+
+	settingsMockManager.EXPECT().
+		GetSettings(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).
+		Return(&types.Settings{}, nil).
+		AnyTimes()
+
+	accountManager, err := mgmt.BuildManager(context.Background(), store, peersUpdateManager, nil, "", "netbird.selfhosted", eventStore, nil, false, iv, metrics, port_forwarding.NewControllerMock(), settingsMockManager, permissionsManagerMock, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	secretsManager := mgmt.NewTimeBasedAuthSecretsManager(peersUpdateManager, config.TURNConfig, config.Relay)
-	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, settings.NewManagerMock(), peersUpdateManager, secretsManager, nil, nil, nil)
+	secretsManager := mgmt.NewTimeBasedAuthSecretsManager(peersUpdateManager, config.TURNConfig, config.Relay, settingsMockManager)
+	mgmtServer, err := mgmt.NewServer(context.Background(), config, accountManager, settingsMockManager, peersUpdateManager, secretsManager, nil, nil, nil, &mgmt.MockIntegratedValidator{})
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

client/cmd/trace.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ var traceCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Example: `
   netbird debug trace in 192.168.1.10 10.10.0.2 -p tcp --sport 12345 --dport 443 --syn --ack
   netbird debug trace out 10.10.0.1 8.8.8.8 -p udp  --dport 53
-  netbird debug trace in 10.10.0.2 10.10.0.1 -p icmp --type 8 --code 0
+  netbird debug trace in 10.10.0.2 10.10.0.1 -p icmp --icmp-type 8 --icmp-code 0
   netbird debug trace in 100.64.1.1 self -p tcp --dport 80`,
 	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(3),
 	RunE: tracePacket,
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func tracePacket(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 }
 
 func printTrace(cmd *cobra.Command, src, dst, proto string, sport, dport uint16, resp *proto.TracePacketResponse) {
-	cmd.Printf("Packet trace %s:%d -> %s:%d (%s)\n\n", src, sport, dst, dport, strings.ToUpper(proto))
+	cmd.Printf("Packet trace %s:%d → %s:%d (%s)\n\n", src, sport, dst, dport, strings.ToUpper(proto))
 
 	for _, stage := range resp.Stages {
 		if stage.ForwardingDetails != nil {

client/cmd/up.go

@@ -32,12 +32,16 @@ const (
 
 const (
 	dnsLabelsFlag = "extra-dns-labels"
+
+	noBrowserFlag = "no-browser"
+	noBrowserDesc = "do not open the browser for SSO login"
 )
 
 var (
 	foregroundMode     bool
 	dnsLabels          []string
 	dnsLabelsValidated domain.List
+	noBrowser          bool
 
 	upCmd = &cobra.Command{
 		Use:   "up",
@@ -51,12 +55,11 @@ func init() {
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringVar(&interfaceName, interfaceNameFlag, iface.WgInterfaceDefault, "Wireguard interface name")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().Uint16Var(&wireguardPort, wireguardPortFlag, iface.DefaultWgPort, "Wireguard interface listening port")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVarP(&networkMonitor, networkMonitorFlag, "N", networkMonitor,
-		`Manage network monitoring. Defaults to true on Windows and macOS, false on Linux. `+
+		`Manage network monitoring. Defaults to true on Windows and macOS, false on Linux and FreeBSD. `+
 			`E.g. --network-monitor=false to disable or --network-monitor=true to enable.`,
 	)
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&extraIFaceBlackList, extraIFaceBlackListFlag, nil, "Extra list of default interfaces to ignore for listening")
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().DurationVar(&dnsRouteInterval, dnsRouteIntervalFlag, time.Minute, "DNS route update interval")
-	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&blockLANAccess, blockLANAccessFlag, false, "Block access to local networks (LAN) when using this peer as a router or exit node")
 
 	upCmd.PersistentFlags().StringSliceVar(&dnsLabels, dnsLabelsFlag, nil,
 		`Sets DNS labels`+
@@ -65,6 +68,9 @@ func init() {
 			`E.g. --extra-dns-labels vpc1 or --extra-dns-labels vpc1,mgmt1 `+
 			`or --extra-dns-labels ""`,
 	)
+
+	upCmd.PersistentFlags().BoolVar(&noBrowser, noBrowserFlag, false, noBrowserDesc)
+
 }
 
 func upFunc(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
@@ -112,6 +118,124 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
+	ic, err := setupConfig(customDNSAddressConverted, cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("setup config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	config, err := internal.UpdateOrCreateConfig(*ic)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get config file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	config, _ = internal.UpdateOldManagementURL(ctx, config, configPath)
+
+	err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, providedSetupKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("foreground login failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var cancel context.CancelFunc
+	ctx, cancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	SetupCloseHandler(ctx, cancel)
+
+	r := peer.NewRecorder(config.ManagementURL.String())
+	r.GetFullStatus()
+
+	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, config, r)
+	SetupDebugHandler(ctx, config, r, connectClient, "")
+
+	return connectClient.Run(nil)
+}
+
+func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
+	customDNSAddressConverted, err := parseCustomDNSAddress(cmd.Flag(dnsResolverAddress).Changed)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	conn, err := DialClientGRPCServer(ctx, daemonAddr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to daemon error: %v\n"+
+			"If the daemon is not running please run: "+
+			"\nnetbird service install \nnetbird service start\n", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		err := conn.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed closing daemon gRPC client connection %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+	}()
+
+	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
+
+	status, err := client.Status(ctx, &proto.StatusRequest{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unable to get daemon status: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if status.Status == string(internal.StatusConnected) {
+		cmd.Println("Already connected")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get setup key: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	loginRequest, err := setupLoginRequest(providedSetupKey, customDNSAddressConverted, cmd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("setup login request: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var loginErr error
+	var loginResp *proto.LoginResponse
+
+	err = WithBackOff(func() error {
+		var backOffErr error
+		loginResp, backOffErr = client.Login(ctx, loginRequest)
+		if s, ok := gstatus.FromError(backOffErr); ok && (s.Code() == codes.InvalidArgument ||
+			s.Code() == codes.PermissionDenied ||
+			s.Code() == codes.NotFound ||
+			s.Code() == codes.Unimplemented) {
+			loginErr = backOffErr
+			return nil
+		}
+		return backOffErr
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("login backoff cycle failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if loginErr != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("login failed: %v", loginErr)
+	}
+
+	if loginResp.NeedsSSOLogin {
+
+		openURL(cmd, loginResp.VerificationURIComplete, loginResp.UserCode, noBrowser)
+
+		_, err = client.WaitSSOLogin(ctx, &proto.WaitSSOLoginRequest{UserCode: loginResp.UserCode, Hostname: hostName})
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("waiting sso login failed with: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if _, err := client.Up(ctx, &proto.UpRequest{}); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("call service up method: %v", err)
+	}
+	cmd.Println("Connected")
+	return nil
+}
+
+func setupConfig(customDNSAddressConverted []byte, cmd *cobra.Command) (*internal.ConfigInput, error) {
 	ic := internal.ConfigInput{
 		ManagementURL:       managementURL,
 		AdminURL:            adminURL,
@@ -136,7 +260,7 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 
 	if cmd.Flag(interfaceNameFlag).Changed {
 		if err := parseInterfaceName(interfaceName); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 		ic.InterfaceName = &interfaceName
 	}
@@ -187,83 +311,29 @@ func runInForegroundMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		ic.BlockLANAccess = &blockLANAccess
 	}
 
-	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+	if cmd.Flag(blockInboundFlag).Changed {
+		ic.BlockInbound = &blockInbound
 	}
 
-	config, err := internal.UpdateOrCreateConfig(ic)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("get config file: %v", err)
+	if cmd.Flag(enableLazyConnectionFlag).Changed {
+		ic.LazyConnectionEnabled = &lazyConnEnabled
 	}
-
-	config, _ = internal.UpdateOldManagementURL(ctx, config, configPath)
-
-	err = foregroundLogin(ctx, cmd, config, providedSetupKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("foreground login failed: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	var cancel context.CancelFunc
-	ctx, cancel = context.WithCancel(ctx)
-	SetupCloseHandler(ctx, cancel)
-
-	r := peer.NewRecorder(config.ManagementURL.String())
-	r.GetFullStatus()
-
-	connectClient := internal.NewConnectClient(ctx, config, r)
-	return connectClient.Run(nil)
+	return &ic, nil
 }
 
-func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
-	customDNSAddressConverted, err := parseCustomDNSAddress(cmd.Flag(dnsResolverAddress).Changed)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	conn, err := DialClientGRPCServer(ctx, daemonAddr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to daemon error: %v\n"+
-			"If the daemon is not running please run: "+
-			"\nnetbird service install \nnetbird service start\n", err)
-	}
-	defer func() {
-		err := conn.Close()
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Warnf("failed closing daemon gRPC client connection %v", err)
-			return
-		}
-	}()
-
-	client := proto.NewDaemonServiceClient(conn)
-
-	status, err := client.Status(ctx, &proto.StatusRequest{})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unable to get daemon status: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	if status.Status == string(internal.StatusConnected) {
-		cmd.Println("Already connected")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	providedSetupKey, err := getSetupKey()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
+func setupLoginRequest(providedSetupKey string, customDNSAddressConverted []byte, cmd *cobra.Command) (*proto.LoginRequest, error) {
 	loginRequest := proto.LoginRequest{
-		SetupKey:             providedSetupKey,
-		ManagementUrl:        managementURL,
-		AdminURL:             adminURL,
-		NatExternalIPs:       natExternalIPs,
-		CleanNATExternalIPs:  natExternalIPs != nil && len(natExternalIPs) == 0,
-		CustomDNSAddress:     customDNSAddressConverted,
-		IsLinuxDesktopClient: isLinuxRunningDesktop(),
-		Hostname:             hostName,
-		ExtraIFaceBlacklist:  extraIFaceBlackList,
-		DnsLabels:            dnsLabels,
-		CleanDNSLabels:       dnsLabels != nil && len(dnsLabels) == 0,
+		SetupKey:            providedSetupKey,
+		ManagementUrl:       managementURL,
+		AdminURL:            adminURL,
+		NatExternalIPs:      natExternalIPs,
+		CleanNATExternalIPs: natExternalIPs != nil && len(natExternalIPs) == 0,
+		CustomDNSAddress:    customDNSAddressConverted,
+		IsUnixDesktopClient: isUnixRunningDesktop(),
+		Hostname:            hostName,
+		ExtraIFaceBlacklist: extraIFaceBlackList,
+		DnsLabels:           dnsLabels,
+		CleanDNSLabels:      dnsLabels != nil && len(dnsLabels) == 0,
 	}
 
 	if rootCmd.PersistentFlags().Changed(preSharedKeyFlag) {
@@ -288,7 +358,7 @@ func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 
 	if cmd.Flag(interfaceNameFlag).Changed {
 		if err := parseInterfaceName(interfaceName); err != nil {
-			return err
+			return nil, err
 		}
 		loginRequest.InterfaceName = &interfaceName
 	}
@@ -323,45 +393,14 @@ func runInDaemonMode(ctx context.Context, cmd *cobra.Command) error {
 		loginRequest.BlockLanAccess = &blockLANAccess
 	}
 
-	var loginErr error
-
-	var loginResp *proto.LoginResponse
-
-	err = WithBackOff(func() error {
-		var backOffErr error
-		loginResp, backOffErr = client.Login(ctx, &loginRequest)
-		if s, ok := gstatus.FromError(backOffErr); ok && (s.Code() == codes.InvalidArgument ||
-			s.Code() == codes.PermissionDenied ||
-			s.Code() == codes.NotFound ||
-			s.Code() == codes.Unimplemented) {
-			loginErr = backOffErr
-			return nil
-		}
-		return backOffErr
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("login backoff cycle failed: %v", err)
+	if cmd.Flag(blockInboundFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.BlockInbound = &blockInbound
 	}
 
-	if loginErr != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("login failed: %v", loginErr)
+	if cmd.Flag(enableLazyConnectionFlag).Changed {
+		loginRequest.LazyConnectionEnabled = &lazyConnEnabled
 	}
-
-	if loginResp.NeedsSSOLogin {
-
-		openURL(cmd, loginResp.VerificationURIComplete, loginResp.UserCode)
-
-		_, err = client.WaitSSOLogin(ctx, &proto.WaitSSOLoginRequest{UserCode: loginResp.UserCode, Hostname: hostName})
-		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("waiting sso login failed with: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if _, err := client.Up(ctx, &proto.UpRequest{}); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("call service up method: %v", err)
-	}
-	cmd.Println("Connected")
-	return nil
+	return &loginRequest, nil
 }
 
 func validateNATExternalIPs(list []string) error {

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux.go

@@ -113,17 +113,16 @@ func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort *firewall.Port,
-	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
 ) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	if !destination.Addr().Is4() {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Addr().String())
+	if destination.IsPrefix() && !destination.Prefix.Addr().Is4() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Prefix.Addr().String())
 	}
 
 	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
@@ -148,6 +147,10 @@ func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) IsStateful() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
@@ -199,7 +202,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AllowNetbird() error {
 	_, err := m.AddPeerFiltering(
 		nil,
 		net.IP{0, 0, 0, 0},
-		"all",
+		firewall.ProtocolALL,
 		nil,
 		nil,
 		firewall.ActionAccept,
@@ -220,10 +223,16 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("enable IP forwarding: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("disable IP forwarding: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -243,6 +252,14 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	return m.router.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
+// UpdateSet updates the set with the given prefixes
+func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.router.UpdateSet(set, prefixes)
+}
+
 func getConntrackEstablished() []string {
 	return []string{"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "RELATED,ESTABLISHED", "-j", "ACCEPT"}
 }

client/firewall/iptables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package iptables
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
@@ -19,11 +19,8 @@ var ifaceMock = &iFaceMock{
 	},
 	AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 		return wgaddr.Address{
-			IP: net.ParseIP("10.20.0.1"),
-			Network: &net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("10.20.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-			},
+			IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.1"),
+			Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.20.0.0/24"),
 		}
 	},
 }
@@ -70,12 +67,12 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var rule2 []fw.Rule
 	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
+		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			IsRange: true,
 			Values:  []uint16{8043, 8046},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
@@ -95,9 +92,9 @@ func TestIptablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 
 	t.Run("reset check", func(t *testing.T) {
 		// add second rule
-		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
+		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{5353}}
-		_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "udp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
+		_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "udp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 		require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 		err = manager.Close(nil)
@@ -119,11 +116,8 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("10.20.0.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("10.20.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.20.0.0/24"),
 			}
 		},
 	}
@@ -144,11 +138,11 @@ func TestIptablesManagerIPSet(t *testing.T) {
 
 	var rule2 []fw.Rule
 	t.Run("add second rule", func(t *testing.T) {
-		ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.3")
+		ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.3")
 		port := &fw.Port{
 			Values: []uint16{443},
 		}
-		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "default")
+		rule2, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", port, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "default")
 		for _, r := range rule2 {
 			require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			require.Equal(t, r.(*Rule).ipsetName, "default-sport", "ipset name must be set")
@@ -186,11 +180,8 @@ func TestIptablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("10.20.0.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("10.20.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.20.0.0/24"),
 			}
 		},
 	}
@@ -212,11 +203,11 @@ func TestIptablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.100")
+			ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.100")
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1000 + i)}}
-				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 			}

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux.go

@@ -38,10 +38,12 @@ const (
 	routingFinalForwardJump = "ACCEPT"
 	routingFinalNatJump     = "MASQUERADE"
 
-	jumpManglePre = "jump-mangle-pre"
-	jumpNatPre    = "jump-nat-pre"
-	jumpNatPost   = "jump-nat-post"
-	matchSet      = "--match-set"
+	jumpManglePre  = "jump-mangle-pre"
+	jumpNatPre     = "jump-nat-pre"
+	jumpNatPost    = "jump-nat-post"
+	markManglePre  = "mark-mangle-pre"
+	markManglePost = "mark-mangle-post"
+	matchSet       = "--match-set"
 
 	dnatSuffix = "_dnat"
 	snatSuffix = "_snat"
@@ -55,18 +57,18 @@ type ruleInfo struct {
 }
 
 type routeFilteringRuleParams struct {
-	Sources     []netip.Prefix
-	Destination netip.Prefix
+	Source      firewall.Network
+	Destination firewall.Network
 	Proto       firewall.Protocol
 	SPort       *firewall.Port
 	DPort       *firewall.Port
 	Direction   firewall.RuleDirection
 	Action      firewall.Action
-	SetName     string
 }
 
 type routeRules map[string][]string
 
+// the ipset library currently does not support comments, so we use the name only (string)
 type ipsetCounter = refcounter.Counter[string, []netip.Prefix, struct{}]
 
 type router struct {
@@ -115,6 +117,10 @@ func (r *router) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if err := r.setupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to set up data plane mark: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	r.updateState()
 
 	return nil
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@ func (r *router) init(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
@@ -134,27 +140,28 @@ func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 		return ruleKey, nil
 	}
 
-	var setName string
+	var source firewall.Network
 	if len(sources) > 1 {
-		setName = firewall.GenerateSetName(sources)
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(setName, sources); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
-		}
+		source.Set = firewall.NewPrefixSet(sources)
+	} else if len(sources) > 0 {
+		source.Prefix = sources[0]
 	}
 
 	params := routeFilteringRuleParams{
-		Sources:     sources,
+		Source:      source,
 		Destination: destination,
 		Proto:       proto,
 		SPort:       sPort,
 		DPort:       dPort,
 		Action:      action,
-		SetName:     setName,
 	}
 
-	rule := genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+	rule, err := r.genRouteRuleSpec(params, sources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("generate route rule spec: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	// Insert DROP rules at the beginning, append ACCEPT rules at the end
-	var err error
 	if action == firewall.ActionDrop {
 		// after the established rule
 		err = r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableFilter, chainRTFWDIN, 2, rule...)
@@ -177,17 +184,13 @@ func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	ruleKey := rule.ID()
 
 	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
-		setName := r.findSetNameInRule(rule)
-
 		if err := r.iptablesClient.Delete(tableFilter, chainRTFWDIN, rule...); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("delete route rule: %v", err)
 		}
 		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
 
-		if setName != "" {
-			if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove ipset: %w", err)
-			}
+		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset counter: %w", err)
 		}
 	} else {
 		log.Debugf("route rule %s not found", ruleKey)
@@ -198,13 +201,26 @@ func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (r *router) findSetNameInRule(rule []string) string {
-	for i, arg := range rule {
-		if arg == "-m" && i+3 < len(rule) && rule[i+1] == "set" && rule[i+2] == matchSet {
-			return rule[i+3]
+func (r *router) decrementSetCounter(rule []string) error {
+	sets := r.findSets(rule)
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for _, setName := range sets {
+		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("decrement counter: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
-	return ""
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+func (r *router) findSets(rule []string) []string {
+	var sets []string
+	for i, arg := range rule {
+		if arg == "-m" && i+3 < len(rule) && rule[i+1] == "set" && rule[i+2] == matchSet {
+			sets = append(sets, rule[i+3])
+		}
+	}
+	return sets
 }
 
 func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) error {
@@ -225,15 +241,13 @@ func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string) error {
 	if err := ipset.Destroy(setName); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("destroy set %s: %w", setName, err)
 	}
+
+	log.Debugf("Deleted unused ipset %s", setName)
 	return nil
 }
 
 // AddNatRule inserts an iptables rule pair into the nat chain
 func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	if r.legacyManagement {
 		log.Warnf("This peer is connected to a NetBird Management service with an older version. Allowing all traffic for %s", pair.Destination)
 		if err := r.addLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
@@ -260,16 +274,14 @@ func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 
 // RemoveNatRule removes an iptables rule pair from forwarding and nat chains
 func (r *router) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("%v", err)
-	}
+	if pair.Masquerade {
+		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove nat rule: %w", err)
+		}
 
-	if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove nat rule: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse nat rule: %w", err)
+		if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse nat rule: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
@@ -307,8 +319,10 @@ func (r *router) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
 		}
 		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
-	} else {
-		log.Debugf("legacy forwarding rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+
+		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset counter: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -348,12 +362,16 @@ func (r *router) Reset() error {
 	if err := r.cleanUpDefaultForwardRules(); err != nil {
 		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
 	}
-	r.rules = make(map[string][]string)
 
 	if err := r.ipsetCounter.Flush(); err != nil {
 		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
 	}
 
+	if err := r.cleanupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, err)
+	}
+
+	r.rules = make(map[string][]string)
 	r.updateState()
 
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
@@ -423,6 +441,57 @@ func (r *router) createContainers() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// setupDataPlaneMark configures the fwmark for the data plane
+func (r *router) setupDataPlaneMark() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	preRule := []string{
+		"-i", r.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "NEW",
+		"-j", "CONNMARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.DataPlaneMarkIn),
+	}
+
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainPREROUTING, preRule...); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add mangle prerouting rule: %w", err))
+	} else {
+		r.rules[markManglePre] = preRule
+	}
+
+	postRule := []string{
+		"-o", r.wgIface.Name(),
+		"-m", "conntrack", "--ctstate", "NEW",
+		"-j", "CONNMARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", nbnet.DataPlaneMarkOut),
+	}
+
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.AppendUnique(tableMangle, chainPOSTROUTING, postRule...); err != nil {
+		merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("add mangle postrouting rule: %w", err))
+	} else {
+		r.rules[markManglePost] = postRule
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+func (r *router) cleanupDataPlaneMark() error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	if preRule, exists := r.rules[markManglePre]; exists {
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainPREROUTING, preRule...); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove mangle prerouting rule: %w", err))
+		} else {
+			delete(r.rules, markManglePre)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if postRule, exists := r.rules[markManglePost]; exists {
+		if err := r.iptablesClient.DeleteIfExists(tableMangle, chainPOSTROUTING, postRule...); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("remove mangle postrouting rule: %w", err))
+		} else {
+			delete(r.rules, markManglePost)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
 func (r *router) addPostroutingRules() error {
 	// First rule for outbound masquerade
 	rule1 := []string{
@@ -464,7 +533,7 @@ func (r *router) insertEstablishedRule(chain string) error {
 }
 
 func (r *router) addJumpRules() error {
-	// Jump to NAT chain
+	// Jump to nat chain
 	natRule := []string{"-j", chainRTNAT}
 	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, 1, natRule...); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("add nat postrouting jump rule: %v", err)
@@ -538,12 +607,26 @@ func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	rule = append(rule,
 		"-m", "conntrack",
 		"--ctstate", "NEW",
-		"-s", pair.Source.String(),
-		"-d", pair.Destination.String(),
+	)
+	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-s", pair.Source, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply network -s: %w", err)
+	}
+	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-d", pair.Destination, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply network -d: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	rule = append(rule, sourceExp...)
+	rule = append(rule, destExp...)
+	rule = append(rule,
 		"-j", "MARK", "--set-mark", fmt.Sprintf("%#x", markValue),
 	)
 
-	if err := r.iptablesClient.Append(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, rule...); err != nil {
+	// Ensure nat rules come first, so the mark can be overwritten.
+	// Currently overwritten by the dst-type LOCAL rules for redirected traffic.
+	if err := r.iptablesClient.Insert(tableMangle, chainRTPRE, 1, rule...); err != nil {
+		// TODO: rollback ipset counter
 		return fmt.Errorf("error while adding marking rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
 	}
 
@@ -561,6 +644,10 @@ func (r *router) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("error while removing marking rule for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
 		}
 		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+
+		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset counter: %w", err)
+		}
 	} else {
 		log.Debugf("marking rule %s not found", ruleKey)
 	}
@@ -726,17 +813,21 @@ func (r *router) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-func genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params routeFilteringRuleParams) []string {
+func (r *router) genRouteRuleSpec(params routeFilteringRuleParams, sources []netip.Prefix) ([]string, error) {
 	var rule []string
 
-	if params.SetName != "" {
-		rule = append(rule, "-m", "set", matchSet, params.SetName, "src")
-	} else if len(params.Sources) > 0 {
-		source := params.Sources[0]
-		rule = append(rule, "-s", source.String())
+	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-s", params.Source, sources)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply network -s: %w", err)
+
+	}
+	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork("-d", params.Destination, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply network -d: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	rule = append(rule, "-d", params.Destination.String())
+	rule = append(rule, sourceExp...)
+	rule = append(rule, destExp...)
 
 	if params.Proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
 		rule = append(rule, "-p", strings.ToLower(string(params.Proto)))
@@ -746,7 +837,47 @@ func genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params routeFilteringRuleParams) []string {
 
 	rule = append(rule, "-j", actionToStr(params.Action))
 
-	return rule
+	return rule, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) applyNetwork(flag string, network firewall.Network, prefixes []netip.Prefix) ([]string, error) {
+	direction := "src"
+	if flag == "-d" {
+		direction = "dst"
+	}
+
+	if network.IsSet() {
+		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(network.Set.HashedName(), prefixes); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		return []string{"-m", "set", matchSet, network.Set.HashedName(), direction}, nil
+	}
+	if network.IsPrefix() {
+		return []string{flag, network.Prefix.String()}, nil
+	}
+
+	// nolint:nilnil
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (r *router) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for _, prefix := range prefixes {
+		// TODO: Implement IPv6 support
+		if prefix.Addr().Is6() {
+			log.Tracef("skipping IPv6 prefix %s: IPv6 support not yet implemented", prefix)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := ipset.AddPrefix(set.HashedName(), prefix); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("increment ipset counter: %w", err))
+		}
+	}
+	if merr == nil {
+		log.Debugf("updated set %s with prefixes %v", set.HashedName(), prefixes)
+	}
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
 func applyPort(flag string, port *firewall.Port) []string {

client/firewall/iptables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -46,7 +46,9 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RestoreOrCreateContainers(t *testing.T) {
 	// 5. jump rule to PRE nat chain
 	// 6. static outbound masquerade rule
 	// 7. static return masquerade rule
-	require.Len(t, manager.rules, 7, "should have created rules map")
+	// 8. mangle prerouting mark rule
+	// 9. mangle postrouting mark rule
+	require.Len(t, manager.rules, 9, "should have created rules map")
 
 	exists, err := manager.iptablesClient.Exists(tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING, "-j", chainRTNAT)
 	require.NoError(t, err, "should be able to query the iptables %s table and %s chain", tableNat, chainPOSTROUTING)
@@ -58,8 +60,8 @@ func TestIptablesManager_RestoreOrCreateContainers(t *testing.T) {
 
 	pair := firewall.RouterPair{
 		ID:          "abc",
-		Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
-		Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.0/24"),
+		Source:      firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32")},
+		Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.0/24")},
 		Masquerade:  true,
 	}
 
@@ -330,7 +332,7 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
 
 			// Check if the rule is in the internal map
@@ -345,23 +347,29 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			assert.NoError(t, err, "Failed to check rule existence")
 			assert.True(t, exists, "Rule not found in iptables")
 
+			var source firewall.Network
+			if len(tt.sources) > 1 {
+				source.Set = firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources)
+			} else if len(tt.sources) > 0 {
+				source.Prefix = tt.sources[0]
+			}
 			// Verify rule content
 			params := routeFilteringRuleParams{
-				Sources:     tt.sources,
-				Destination: tt.destination,
+				Source:      source,
+				Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination},
 				Proto:       tt.proto,
 				SPort:       tt.sPort,
 				DPort:       tt.dPort,
 				Action:      tt.action,
-				SetName:     "",
 			}
 
-			expectedRule := genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+			expectedRule, err := r.genRouteRuleSpec(params, nil)
+			require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to generate expected rule spec")
 
 			if tt.expectSet {
-				setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(tt.sources)
-				params.SetName = setName
-				expectedRule = genRouteFilteringRuleSpec(params)
+				setName := firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources).HashedName()
+				expectedRule, err = r.genRouteRuleSpec(params, nil)
+				require.NoError(t, err, "Failed to generate expected rule spec with set")
 
 				// Check if the set was created
 				_, exists := r.ipsetCounter.Get(setName)
@@ -376,3 +384,62 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestFindSetNameInRule(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &router{}
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		rule     []string
+		expected []string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "Basic rule with two sets",
+			rule: []string{
+				"-A", "NETBIRD-RT-FWD-IN", "-p", "tcp", "-m", "set", "--match-set", "nb-2e5a2a05", "src",
+				"-m", "set", "--match-set", "nb-349ae051", "dst", "-m", "tcp", "--dport", "8080", "-j", "ACCEPT",
+			},
+			expected: []string{"nb-2e5a2a05", "nb-349ae051"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "No sets",
+			rule:     []string{"-A", "NETBIRD-RT-FWD-IN", "-p", "tcp", "-j", "ACCEPT"},
+			expected: []string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "Multiple sets with different positions",
+			rule: []string{
+				"-m", "set", "--match-set", "set1", "src", "-p", "tcp",
+				"-m", "set", "--match-set", "set-abc123", "dst", "-j", "ACCEPT",
+			},
+			expected: []string{"set1", "set-abc123"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Boundary case - sequence appears at end",
+			rule:     []string{"-p", "tcp", "-m", "set", "--match-set", "final-set"},
+			expected: []string{"final-set"},
+		},
+		{
+			name:     "Incomplete pattern - missing set name",
+			rule:     []string{"-p", "tcp", "-m", "set", "--match-set"},
+			expected: []string{},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			result := r.findSets(tc.rule)
+
+			if len(result) != len(tc.expected) {
+				t.Errorf("Expected %d sets, got %d. Sets found: %v", len(tc.expected), len(result), result)
+				return
+			}
+
+			for i, set := range result {
+				if set != tc.expected[i] {
+					t.Errorf("Expected set %q at position %d, got %q", tc.expected[i], i, set)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

client/firewall/manager/firewall.go

@@ -1,13 +1,10 @@
 package manager
 
 import (
-	"crypto/sha256"
-	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"sort"
-	"strings"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
@@ -43,6 +40,18 @@ const (
 // Action is the action to be taken on a rule
 type Action int
 
+// String returns the string representation of the action
+func (a Action) String() string {
+	switch a {
+	case ActionAccept:
+		return "accept"
+	case ActionDrop:
+		return "drop"
+	default:
+		return "unknown"
+	}
+}
+
 const (
 	// ActionAccept is the action to accept a packet
 	ActionAccept Action = iota
@@ -50,6 +59,33 @@ const (
 	ActionDrop
 )
 
+// Network is a rule destination, either a set or a prefix
+type Network struct {
+	Set    Set
+	Prefix netip.Prefix
+}
+
+// String returns the string representation of the destination
+func (d Network) String() string {
+	if d.Prefix.IsValid() {
+		return d.Prefix.String()
+	}
+	if d.IsSet() {
+		return d.Set.HashedName()
+	}
+	return "<invalid network>"
+}
+
+// IsSet returns true if the destination is a set
+func (d Network) IsSet() bool {
+	return d.Set != Set{}
+}
+
+// IsPrefix returns true if the destination is a valid prefix
+func (d Network) IsPrefix() bool {
+	return d.Prefix.IsValid()
+}
+
 // Manager is the high level abstraction of a firewall manager
 //
 // It declares methods which handle actions required by the
@@ -80,13 +116,14 @@ type Manager interface {
 	// IsServerRouteSupported returns true if the firewall supports server side routing operations
 	IsServerRouteSupported() bool
 
+	IsStateful() bool
+
 	AddRouteFiltering(
 		id []byte,
 		sources []netip.Prefix,
-		destination netip.Prefix,
+		destination Network,
 		proto Protocol,
-		sPort *Port,
-		dPort *Port,
+		sPort, dPort *Port,
 		action Action,
 	) (Rule, error)
 
@@ -119,6 +156,9 @@ type Manager interface {
 
 	// DeleteDNATRule deletes a DNAT rule
 	DeleteDNATRule(Rule) error
+
+	// UpdateSet updates the set with the given prefixes
+	UpdateSet(hash Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error
 }
 
 func GenKey(format string, pair RouterPair) string {
@@ -153,22 +193,6 @@ func SetLegacyManagement(router LegacyManager, isLegacy bool) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// GenerateSetName generates a unique name for an ipset based on the given sources.
-func GenerateSetName(sources []netip.Prefix) string {
-	// sort for consistent naming
-	SortPrefixes(sources)
-
-	var sourcesStr strings.Builder
-	for _, src := range sources {
-		sourcesStr.WriteString(src.String())
-	}
-
-	hash := sha256.Sum256([]byte(sourcesStr.String()))
-	shortHash := hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])[:8]
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf("nb-%s", shortHash)
-}
-
 // MergeIPRanges merges overlapping IP ranges and returns a slice of non-overlapping netip.Prefix
 func MergeIPRanges(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []netip.Prefix {
 	if len(prefixes) == 0 {

client/firewall/manager/firewall_test.go

@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@ func TestGenerateSetName(t *testing.T) {
 			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 		}
 
-		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes1)
-		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes2)
+		result1 := manager.NewPrefixSet(prefixes1)
+		result2 := manager.NewPrefixSet(prefixes2)
 
 		if result1 != result2 {
 			t.Errorf("Different orders produced different hashes: %s != %s", result1, result2)
@@ -34,9 +34,9 @@ func TestGenerateSetName(t *testing.T) {
 			netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/8"),
 		}
 
-		result := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes)
+		result := manager.NewPrefixSet(prefixes)
 
-		matched, err := regexp.MatchString(`^nb-[0-9a-f]{8}$`, result)
+		matched, err := regexp.MatchString(`^nb-[0-9a-f]{8}$`, result.HashedName())
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("Error matching regex: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@ func TestGenerateSetName(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("Empty input produces consistent result", func(t *testing.T) {
-		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName([]netip.Prefix{})
-		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName([]netip.Prefix{})
+		result1 := manager.NewPrefixSet([]netip.Prefix{})
+		result2 := manager.NewPrefixSet([]netip.Prefix{})
 
 		if result1 != result2 {
 			t.Errorf("Empty input produced inconsistent results: %s != %s", result1, result2)
@@ -64,8 +64,8 @@ func TestGenerateSetName(t *testing.T) {
 			netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 		}
 
-		result1 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes1)
-		result2 := manager.GenerateSetName(prefixes2)
+		result1 := manager.NewPrefixSet(prefixes1)
+		result2 := manager.NewPrefixSet(prefixes2)
 
 		if result1 != result2 {
 			t.Errorf("Different orders of IPv4 and IPv6 produced different hashes: %s != %s", result1, result2)

client/firewall/manager/routerpair.go

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 package manager
 
 import (
-	"net/netip"
-
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/route"
 )
 
 type RouterPair struct {
 	ID          route.ID
-	Source      netip.Prefix
-	Destination netip.Prefix
+	Source      Network
+	Destination Network
 	Masquerade  bool
 	Inverse     bool
 }

client/firewall/manager/set.go

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+package manager
+
+import (
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"slices"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
+)
+
+type Set struct {
+	hash    [4]byte
+	comment string
+}
+
+// String returns the string representation of the set: hashed name and comment
+func (h Set) String() string {
+	if h.comment == "" {
+		return h.HashedName()
+	}
+	return h.HashedName() + ": " + h.comment
+}
+
+// HashedName returns the string representation of the hash
+func (h Set) HashedName() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(
+		"nb-%s",
+		hex.EncodeToString(h.hash[:]),
+	)
+}
+
+// Comment returns the comment of the set
+func (h Set) Comment() string {
+	return h.comment
+}
+
+// NewPrefixSet generates a unique name for an ipset based on the given prefixes.
+func NewPrefixSet(prefixes []netip.Prefix) Set {
+	// sort for consistent naming
+	SortPrefixes(prefixes)
+
+	hash := sha256.New()
+	for _, src := range prefixes {
+		bytes, err := src.MarshalBinary()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to marshal prefix %s: %v", src, err)
+		}
+		hash.Write(bytes)
+	}
+	var set Set
+	copy(set.hash[:], hash.Sum(nil)[:4])
+
+	return set
+}
+
+// NewDomainSet generates a unique name for an ipset based on the given domains.
+func NewDomainSet(domains domain.List) Set {
+	slices.Sort(domains)
+
+	hash := sha256.New()
+	for _, d := range domains {
+		hash.Write([]byte(d.PunycodeString()))
+	}
+	set := Set{
+		comment: domains.SafeString(),
+	}
+	copy(set.hash[:], hash.Sum(nil)[:4])
+
+	return set
+}

client/firewall/nftables/acl_linux.go

@@ -25,9 +25,10 @@ const (
 	chainNameInputRules = "netbird-acl-input-rules"
 
 	// filter chains contains the rules that jump to the rules chains
-	chainNameInputFilter   = "netbird-acl-input-filter"
-	chainNameForwardFilter = "netbird-acl-forward-filter"
-	chainNamePrerouting    = "netbird-rt-prerouting"
+	chainNameInputFilter       = "netbird-acl-input-filter"
+	chainNameForwardFilter     = "netbird-acl-forward-filter"
+	chainNameManglePrerouting  = "netbird-mangle-prerouting"
+	chainNameManglePostrouting = "netbird-mangle-postrouting"
 
 	allowNetbirdInputRuleID = "allow Netbird incoming traffic"
 )
@@ -462,13 +463,15 @@ func (m *AclManager) createDefaultChains() (err error) {
 // go through the input filter as well. This will enable e.g. Docker services to keep working by accessing the
 // netbird peer IP.
 func (m *AclManager) allowRedirectedTraffic(chainFwFilter *nftables.Chain) error {
-	m.chainPrerouting = m.rConn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNamePrerouting,
+	// Chain is created by route manager
+	// TODO: move creation to a common place
+	m.chainPrerouting = &nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNameManglePrerouting,
 		Table:    m.workTable,
 		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
 		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
 		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
-	})
+	}
 
 	m.addFwmarkToForward(chainFwFilter)
 

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux.go

@@ -135,17 +135,16 @@ func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort *firewall.Port,
-	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
 ) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	if !destination.Addr().Is4() {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Addr().String())
+	if destination.IsPrefix() && !destination.Prefix.Addr().Is4() {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported IP version: %s", destination.Prefix.Addr().String())
 	}
 
 	return m.router.AddRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
@@ -171,6 +170,10 @@ func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) IsStateful() bool {
+	return true
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
@@ -242,7 +245,7 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
 	return firewall.SetLegacyManagement(m.router, isLegacy)
 }
 
-// Reset firewall to the default state
+// Close closes the firewall manager
 func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
@@ -325,10 +328,16 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLogLevel(log.Level) {
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("enable IP forwarding: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
+	if err := m.router.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("disable IP forwarding: %w", err)
+	}
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -359,6 +368,14 @@ func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	return m.router.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
 }
 
+// UpdateSet updates the set with the given prefixes
+func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.router.UpdateSet(set, prefixes)
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) createWorkTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
 	tables, err := m.rConn.ListTablesOfFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
 	if err != nil {

client/firewall/nftables/manager_linux_test.go

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package nftables
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"os/exec"
 	"testing"
@@ -25,11 +24,8 @@ var ifaceMock = &iFaceMock{
 	},
 	AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 		return wgaddr.Address{
-			IP: net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1"),
-			Network: &net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.96.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-			},
+			IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.96.0.1"),
+			Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.96.0.0/16"),
 		}
 	},
 }
@@ -70,11 +66,11 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		time.Sleep(time.Second)
 	}()
 
-	ip := net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1")
+	ip := netip.MustParseAddr("100.96.0.1").Unmap()
 
 	testClient := &nftables.Conn{}
 
-	rule, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
+	rule, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}}, fw.ActionDrop, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 	err = manager.Flush()
@@ -109,8 +105,6 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	compareExprsIgnoringCounters(t, rules[0].Exprs, expectedExprs1)
 
-	ipToAdd, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
-	add := ipToAdd.Unmap()
 	expectedExprs2 := []expr.Any{
 		&expr.Payload{
 			DestRegister: 1,
@@ -132,7 +126,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager(t *testing.T) {
 		&expr.Cmp{
 			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
 			Register: 1,
-			Data:     add.AsSlice(),
+			Data:     ip.AsSlice(),
 		},
 		&expr.Payload{
 			DestRegister: 1,
@@ -173,11 +167,8 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.96.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.IPv4Mask(255, 255, 255, 0),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.96.0.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.96.0.0/16"),
 			}
 		},
 	}
@@ -197,11 +188,11 @@ func TestNFtablesCreatePerformance(t *testing.T) {
 				time.Sleep(time.Second)
 			}()
 
-			ip := net.ParseIP("10.20.0.100")
+			ip := netip.MustParseAddr("10.20.0.100")
 			start := time.Now()
 			for i := 0; i < testMax; i++ {
 				port := &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{uint16(1000 + i)}}
-				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
+				_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), "tcp", nil, port, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add rule")
 
 				if i%100 == 0 {
@@ -282,14 +273,14 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptables(t *testing.T) {
 		verifyIptablesOutput(t, stdout, stderr)
 	})
 
-	ip := net.ParseIP("100.96.0.1")
-	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
+	ip := netip.MustParseAddr("100.96.0.1")
+	_, err = manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, ip.AsSlice(), fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add peer filtering rule")
 
 	_, err = manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.2.0/24")},
-		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.1.0.0/24"),
+		fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.1.0.0/24")},
 		fw.ProtocolTCP,
 		nil,
 		&fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
@@ -298,8 +289,8 @@ func TestNftablesManagerCompatibilityWithIptables(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err, "failed to add route filtering rule")
 
 	pair := fw.RouterPair{
-		Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
-		Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+		Source:      fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+		Destination: fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24")},
 		Masquerade:  true,
 	}
 	err = manager.AddNatRule(pair)

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/coreos/go-iptables/iptables"
-	"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
 	"github.com/google/nftables"
 	"github.com/google/nftables/binaryutil"
 	"github.com/google/nftables/expr"
@@ -44,9 +43,14 @@ const (
 const refreshRulesMapError = "refresh rules map: %w"
 
 var (
-	errFilterTableNotFound = fmt.Errorf("nftables: 'filter' table not found")
+	errFilterTableNotFound = fmt.Errorf("'filter' table not found")
 )
 
+type setInput struct {
+	set      firewall.Set
+	prefixes []netip.Prefix
+}
+
 type router struct {
 	conn        *nftables.Conn
 	workTable   *nftables.Table
@@ -54,7 +58,7 @@ type router struct {
 	chains      map[string]*nftables.Chain
 	// rules is useful to avoid duplicates and to get missing attributes that we don't have when adding new rules
 	rules        map[string]*nftables.Rule
-	ipsetCounter *refcounter.Counter[string, []netip.Prefix, *nftables.Set]
+	ipsetCounter *refcounter.Counter[string, setInput, *nftables.Set]
 
 	wgIface          iFaceMapper
 	ipFwdState       *ipfwdstate.IPForwardingState
@@ -100,6 +104,10 @@ func (r *router) init(workTable *nftables.Table) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("create containers: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	if err := r.setupDataPlaneMark(); err != nil {
+		log.Errorf("failed to set up data plane mark: %v", err)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -159,7 +167,7 @@ func (r *router) removeNatPreroutingRules() error {
 func (r *router) loadFilterTable() (*nftables.Table, error) {
 	tables, err := r.conn.ListTablesOfFamily(nftables.TableFamilyIPv4)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list tables: %v", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to list tables: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	for _, table := range tables {
@@ -196,15 +204,21 @@ func (r *router) createContainers() error {
 		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeNAT,
 	})
 
-	// Chain is created by acl manager
-	// TODO: move creation to a common place
-	r.chains[chainNamePrerouting] = &nftables.Chain{
-		Name:     chainNamePrerouting,
+	r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNameManglePostrouting,
+		Table:    r.workTable,
+		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPostrouting,
+		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
+		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
+	})
+
+	r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting] = r.conn.AddChain(&nftables.Chain{
+		Name:     chainNameManglePrerouting,
 		Table:    r.workTable,
 		Hooknum:  nftables.ChainHookPrerouting,
 		Priority: nftables.ChainPriorityMangle,
 		Type:     nftables.ChainTypeFilter,
-	}
+	})
 
 	// Add the single NAT rule that matches on mark
 	if err := r.addPostroutingRules(); err != nil {
@@ -220,7 +234,83 @@ func (r *router) createContainers() error {
 	}
 
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to initialize table: %v", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("initialize tables: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// setupDataPlaneMark configures the fwmark for the data plane
+func (r *router) setupDataPlaneMark() error {
+	if r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting] == nil || r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting] == nil {
+		return errors.New("no mangle chains found")
+	}
+
+	ctNew := getCtNewExprs()
+	preExprs := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+	}
+	preExprs = append(preExprs, ctNew...)
+	preExprs = append(preExprs,
+		&expr.Immediate{
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.DataPlaneMarkIn),
+		},
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:            expr.CtKeyMARK,
+			Register:       1,
+			SourceRegister: true,
+		},
+	)
+
+	preNftRule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.workTable,
+		Chain: r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting],
+		Exprs: preExprs,
+	}
+	r.conn.AddRule(preNftRule)
+
+	postExprs := []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Meta{
+			Key:      expr.MetaKeyOIFNAME,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpEq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
+		},
+	}
+	postExprs = append(postExprs, ctNew...)
+	postExprs = append(postExprs,
+		&expr.Immediate{
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(nbnet.DataPlaneMarkOut),
+		},
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:            expr.CtKeyMARK,
+			Register:       1,
+			SourceRegister: true,
+		},
+	)
+
+	postNftRule := &nftables.Rule{
+		Table: r.workTable,
+		Chain: r.chains[chainNameManglePostrouting],
+		Exprs: postExprs,
+	}
+	r.conn.AddRule(postNftRule)
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("flush: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -230,7 +320,7 @@ func (r *router) createContainers() error {
 func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
 	sPort *firewall.Port,
 	dPort *firewall.Port,
@@ -245,23 +335,29 @@ func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 	chain := r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw]
 	var exprs []expr.Any
 
+	var source firewall.Network
 	switch {
 	case len(sources) == 1 && sources[0].Bits() == 0:
 		// If it's 0.0.0.0/0, we don't need to add any source matching
 	case len(sources) == 1:
 		// If there's only one source, we can use it directly
-		exprs = append(exprs, generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, sources[0])...)
+		source.Prefix = sources[0]
 	default:
-		// If there are multiple sources, create or get an ipset
-		var err error
-		exprs, err = r.getIpSetExprs(sources, exprs)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("get ipset expressions: %w", err)
-		}
+		// If there are multiple sources, use a set
+		source.Set = firewall.NewPrefixSet(sources)
 	}
 
-	// Handle destination
-	exprs = append(exprs, generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, destination)...)
+	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork(source, sources, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
+	}
+	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
+
+	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork(destination, nil, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
+	}
+	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
 
 	// Handle protocol
 	if proto != firewall.ProtocolALL {
@@ -305,39 +401,27 @@ func (r *router) AddRouteFiltering(
 		rule = r.conn.AddRule(rule)
 	}
 
-	log.Tracef("Adding route rule %s", spew.Sdump(rule))
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
 	}
 
 	r.rules[string(ruleKey)] = rule
 
-	log.Debugf("nftables: added route rule: sources=%v, destination=%v, proto=%v, sPort=%v, dPort=%v, action=%v", sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+	log.Debugf("added route rule: sources=%v, destination=%v, proto=%v, sPort=%v, dPort=%v, action=%v", sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
 
 	return ruleKey, nil
 }
 
-func (r *router) getIpSetExprs(sources []netip.Prefix, exprs []expr.Any) ([]expr.Any, error) {
-	setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(sources)
-	ref, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(setName, sources)
+func (r *router) getIpSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix, isSource bool) ([]expr.Any, error) {
+	ref, err := r.ipsetCounter.Increment(set.HashedName(), setInput{
+		set:      set,
+		prefixes: prefixes,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset for sources: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("create or get ipset: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	exprs = append(exprs,
-		&expr.Payload{
-			DestRegister: 1,
-			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
-			Offset:       12,
-			Len:          4,
-		},
-		&expr.Lookup{
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			SetName:        ref.Out.Name,
-			SetID:          ref.Out.ID,
-		},
-	)
-	return exprs, nil
+	return getIpSetExprs(ref, isSource)
 }
 
 func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
@@ -356,42 +440,54 @@ func (r *router) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("route rule %s has no handle", ruleKey)
 	}
 
-	setName := r.findSetNameInRule(nftRule)
-
 	if err := r.deleteNftRule(nftRule, ruleKey); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("delete: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	if setName != "" {
-		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("decrement ipset reference: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
 	}
 
+	if err := r.decrementSetCounter(nftRule); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) (*nftables.Set, error) {
+func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, input setInput) (*nftables.Set, error) {
 	// overlapping prefixes will result in an error, so we need to merge them
-	sources = firewall.MergeIPRanges(sources)
+	prefixes := firewall.MergeIPRanges(input.prefixes)
 
-	set := &nftables.Set{
-		Name:  setName,
-		Table: r.workTable,
+	nfset := &nftables.Set{
+		Name:    setName,
+		Comment: input.set.Comment(),
+		Table:   r.workTable,
 		// required for prefixes
 		Interval: true,
 		KeyType:  nftables.TypeIPAddr,
 	}
 
+	elements := convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes)
+	if err := r.conn.AddSet(nfset, elements); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error adding elements to set %s: %w", setName, err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush error: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	log.Printf("Created new ipset: %s with %d elements", setName, len(elements)/2)
+
+	return nfset, nil
+}
+
+func convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []nftables.SetElement {
 	var elements []nftables.SetElement
-	for _, prefix := range sources {
+	for _, prefix := range prefixes {
 		// TODO: Implement IPv6 support
 		if prefix.Addr().Is6() {
-			log.Printf("Skipping IPv6 prefix %s: IPv6 support not yet implemented", prefix)
+			log.Tracef("skipping IPv6 prefix %s: IPv6 support not yet implemented", prefix)
 			continue
 		}
 
@@ -407,18 +503,7 @@ func (r *router) createIpSet(setName string, sources []netip.Prefix) (*nftables.
 			nftables.SetElement{Key: lastIP.AsSlice(), IntervalEnd: true},
 		)
 	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.AddSet(set, elements); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error adding elements to set %s: %w", setName, err)
-	}
-
-	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("flush error: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	log.Printf("Created new ipset: %s with %d elements", setName, len(elements)/2)
-
-	return set, nil
+	return elements
 }
 
 // calculateLastIP determines the last IP in a given prefix.
@@ -442,8 +527,8 @@ func uint32ToBytes(ip uint32) [4]byte {
 	return b
 }
 
-func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string, set *nftables.Set) error {
-	r.conn.DelSet(set)
+func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string, nfset *nftables.Set) error {
+	r.conn.DelSet(nfset)
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
 	}
@@ -452,13 +537,27 @@ func (r *router) deleteIpSet(setName string, set *nftables.Set) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (r *router) findSetNameInRule(rule *nftables.Rule) string {
-	for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
-		if lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
-			return lookup.SetName
+func (r *router) decrementSetCounter(rule *nftables.Rule) error {
+	sets := r.findSets(rule)
+
+	var merr *multierror.Error
+	for _, setName := range sets {
+		if _, err := r.ipsetCounter.Decrement(setName); err != nil {
+			merr = multierror.Append(merr, fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err))
 		}
 	}
-	return ""
+
+	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
+}
+
+func (r *router) findSets(rule *nftables.Rule) []string {
+	var sets []string
+	for _, e := range rule.Exprs {
+		if lookup, ok := e.(*expr.Lookup); ok {
+			sets = append(sets, lookup.SetName)
+		}
+	}
+	return sets
 }
 
 func (r *router) deleteNftRule(rule *nftables.Rule, ruleKey string) error {
@@ -474,10 +573,6 @@ func (r *router) deleteNftRule(rule *nftables.Rule, ruleKey string) error {
 
 // AddNatRule appends a nftables rule pair to the nat chain
 func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.RequestForwarding(); err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
 	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
 	}
@@ -500,7 +595,8 @@ func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	}
 
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: insert rules for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+		// TODO: rollback ipset counter
+		return fmt.Errorf("insert rules for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -508,8 +604,15 @@ func (r *router) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 
 // addNatRule inserts a nftables rule to the conn client flush queue
 func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, pair.Source)
-	destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, pair.Destination)
+	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Source, nil, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Destination, nil, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	op := expr.CmpOpEq
 	if pair.Inverse {
@@ -517,26 +620,6 @@ func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	}
 
 	exprs := []expr.Any{
-		// We only care about NEW connections to mark them and later identify them in the postrouting chain for masquerading.
-		// Masquerading will take care of the conntrack state, which means we won't need to mark established connections.
-		&expr.Ct{
-			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
-			Register: 1,
-		},
-		&expr.Bitwise{
-			SourceRegister: 1,
-			DestRegister:   1,
-			Len:            4,
-			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitNEW),
-			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
-		},
-		&expr.Cmp{
-			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
-			Register: 1,
-			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
-		},
-
-		// interface matching
 		&expr.Meta{
 			Key:      expr.MetaKeyIIFNAME,
 			Register: 1,
@@ -547,6 +630,9 @@ func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 			Data:     ifname(r.wgIface.Name()),
 		},
 	}
+	// We only care about NEW connections to mark them and later identify them in the postrouting chain for masquerading.
+	// Masquerading will take care of the conntrack state, which means we won't need to mark established connections.
+	exprs = append(exprs, getCtNewExprs()...)
 
 	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
 	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
@@ -576,9 +662,11 @@ func (r *router) addNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		}
 	}
 
-	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
+	// Ensure nat rules come first, so the mark can be overwritten.
+	// Currently overwritten by the dst-type LOCAL rules for redirected traffic.
+	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.InsertRule(&nftables.Rule{
 		Table:    r.workTable,
-		Chain:    r.chains[chainNamePrerouting],
+		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting],
 		Exprs:    exprs,
 		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
 	})
@@ -659,8 +747,15 @@ func (r *router) addPostroutingRules() error {
 
 // addLegacyRouteRule adds a legacy routing rule for mgmt servers pre route acls
 func (r *router) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, pair.Source)
-	destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, pair.Destination)
+	sourceExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Source, nil, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply source: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	destExp, err := r.applyNetwork(pair.Destination, nil, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("apply destination: %w", err)
+	}
 
 	exprs := []expr.Any{
 		&expr.Counter{},
@@ -669,7 +764,8 @@ func (r *router) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 		},
 	}
 
-	expression := append(sourceExp, append(destExp, exprs...)...) // nolint:gocritic
+	exprs = append(exprs, sourceExp...)
+	exprs = append(exprs, destExp...)
 
 	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.ForwardingFormat, pair)
 
@@ -682,7 +778,7 @@ func (r *router) addLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	r.rules[ruleKey] = r.conn.AddRule(&nftables.Rule{
 		Table:    r.workTable,
 		Chain:    r.chains[chainNameRoutingFw],
-		Exprs:    expression,
+		Exprs:    exprs,
 		UserData: []byte(ruleKey),
 	})
 	return nil
@@ -697,11 +793,13 @@ func (r *router) removeLegacyRouteRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
 		}
 
-		log.Debugf("nftables: removed legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
+		log.Debugf("removed legacy forwarding rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
 
 		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
-	} else {
-		log.Debugf("nftables: legacy forwarding rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+
+		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -904,20 +1002,18 @@ func (r *router) removeAcceptForwardRulesIptables(ipt *iptables.IPTables) error
 
 // RemoveNatRule removes the prerouting mark rule
 func (r *router) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
-	if err := r.ipFwdState.ReleaseForwarding(); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("%v", err)
-	}
-
 	if err := r.refreshRulesMap(); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf(refreshRulesMapError, err)
 	}
 
-	if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err)
-	}
+	if pair.Masquerade {
+		if err := r.removeNatRule(pair); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule: %w", err)
+		}
 
-	if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse prerouting rule: %w", err)
+		if err := r.removeNatRule(firewall.GetInversePair(pair)); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("remove inverse prerouting rule: %w", err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	if err := r.removeLegacyRouteRule(pair); err != nil {
@@ -925,10 +1021,10 @@ func (r *router) RemoveNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	}
 
 	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("nftables: received error while applying rule removal for %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
+		// TODO: rollback set counter
+		return fmt.Errorf("remove nat rules rule %s: %v", pair.Destination, err)
 	}
 
-	log.Debugf("nftables: removed nat rules for %s", pair.Destination)
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -936,16 +1032,19 @@ func (r *router) removeNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	ruleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, pair)
 
 	if rule, exists := r.rules[ruleKey]; exists {
-		err := r.conn.DelRule(rule)
-		if err != nil {
+		if err := r.conn.DelRule(rule); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("remove prerouting rule %s -> %s: %v", pair.Source, pair.Destination, err)
 		}
 
-		log.Debugf("nftables: removed prerouting rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
+		log.Debugf("removed prerouting rule %s -> %s", pair.Source, pair.Destination)
 
 		delete(r.rules, ruleKey)
+
+		if err := r.decrementSetCounter(rule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("decrement set counter: %w", err)
+		}
 	} else {
-		log.Debugf("nftables: prerouting rule %s not found", ruleKey)
+		log.Debugf("prerouting rule %s not found", ruleKey)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -957,7 +1056,7 @@ func (r *router) refreshRulesMap() error {
 	for _, chain := range r.chains {
 		rules, err := r.conn.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("nftables: unable to list rules: %v", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf(" unable to list rules: %v", err)
 		}
 		for _, rule := range rules {
 			if len(rule.UserData) > 0 {
@@ -1231,13 +1330,54 @@ func (r *router) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	return nberrors.FormatErrorOrNil(merr)
 }
 
-// generateCIDRMatcherExpressions generates nftables expressions that matches a CIDR
-func generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(source bool, prefix netip.Prefix) []expr.Any {
-	var offset uint32
-	if source {
-		offset = 12 // src offset
-	} else {
-		offset = 16 // dst offset
+func (r *router) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	nfset, err := r.conn.GetSetByName(r.workTable, set.HashedName())
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("get set %s: %w", set.HashedName(), err)
+	}
+
+	elements := convertPrefixesToSet(prefixes)
+	if err := r.conn.SetAddElements(nfset, elements); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("add elements to set %s: %w", set.HashedName(), err)
+	}
+
+	if err := r.conn.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf(flushError, err)
+	}
+
+	log.Debugf("updated set %s with prefixes %v", set.HashedName(), prefixes)
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// applyNetwork generates nftables expressions for networks (CIDR) or sets
+func (r *router) applyNetwork(
+	network firewall.Network,
+	setPrefixes []netip.Prefix,
+	isSource bool,
+) ([]expr.Any, error) {
+	if network.IsSet() {
+		exprs, err := r.getIpSet(network.Set, setPrefixes, isSource)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("source: %w", err)
+		}
+		return exprs, nil
+	}
+
+	if network.IsPrefix() {
+		return applyPrefix(network.Prefix, isSource), nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+// applyPrefix generates nftables expressions for a CIDR prefix
+func applyPrefix(prefix netip.Prefix, isSource bool) []expr.Any {
+	// dst offset
+	offset := uint32(16)
+	if isSource {
+		// src offset
+		offset = 12
 	}
 
 	ones := prefix.Bits()
@@ -1324,3 +1464,48 @@ func applyPort(port *firewall.Port, isSource bool) []expr.Any {
 
 	return exprs
 }
+
+func getCtNewExprs() []expr.Any {
+	return []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Ct{
+			Key:      expr.CtKeySTATE,
+			Register: 1,
+		},
+		&expr.Bitwise{
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			DestRegister:   1,
+			Len:            4,
+			Mask:           binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(expr.CtStateBitNEW),
+			Xor:            binaryutil.NativeEndian.PutUint32(0),
+		},
+		&expr.Cmp{
+			Op:       expr.CmpOpNeq,
+			Register: 1,
+			Data:     []byte{0, 0, 0, 0},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func getIpSetExprs(ref refcounter.Ref[*nftables.Set], isSource bool) ([]expr.Any, error) {
+
+	// dst offset
+	offset := uint32(16)
+	if isSource {
+		// src offset
+		offset = 12
+	}
+
+	return []expr.Any{
+		&expr.Payload{
+			DestRegister: 1,
+			Base:         expr.PayloadBaseNetworkHeader,
+			Offset:       offset,
+			Len:          4,
+		},
+		&expr.Lookup{
+			SourceRegister: 1,
+			SetName:        ref.Out.Name,
+			SetID:          ref.Out.ID,
+		},
+	}, nil
+}

client/firewall/nftables/router_linux_test.go

@@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				}
 
 				// Build CIDR matching expressions
-				sourceExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(true, testCase.InputPair.Source)
-				destExp := generateCIDRMatcherExpressions(false, testCase.InputPair.Destination)
+				sourceExp := applyPrefix(testCase.InputPair.Source.Prefix, true)
+				destExp := applyPrefix(testCase.InputPair.Destination.Prefix, false)
 
 				// Combine all expressions in the correct order
 				// nolint:gocritic
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_AddNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 				natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 				found := 0
 				for _, chain := range rtr.chains {
-					if chain.Name == chainNamePrerouting {
+					if chain.Name == chainNameManglePrerouting {
 						rules, err := nftablesTestingClient.GetRules(chain.Table, chain)
 						require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules for %s table and %s chain", chain.Table.Name, chain.Name)
 						for _, rule := range rules {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 			// Verify the rule was added
 			natRuleKey := firewall.GenKey(firewall.PreroutingFormat, testCase.InputPair)
 			found := false
-			rules, err := rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNamePrerouting])
+			rules, err := rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting])
 			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules")
 			for _, rule := range rules {
 				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func TestNftablesManager_RemoveNatRule(t *testing.T) {
 
 			// Verify the rule was removed
 			found = false
-			rules, err = rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNamePrerouting])
+			rules, err = rtr.conn.GetRules(rtr.workTable, rtr.chains[chainNameManglePrerouting])
 			require.NoError(t, err, "should list rules after removal")
 			for _, rule := range rules {
 				if len(rule.UserData) > 0 && string(rule.UserData) == natRuleKey {
@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ func TestRouter_AddRouteFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, tt.destination, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
+			ruleKey, err := r.AddRouteFiltering(nil, tt.sources, firewall.Network{Prefix: tt.destination}, tt.proto, tt.sPort, tt.dPort, tt.action)
 			require.NoError(t, err, "AddRouteFiltering failed")
 
 			t.Cleanup(func() {
@@ -441,8 +441,8 @@ func TestNftablesCreateIpSet(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for _, tt := range tests {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			setName := firewall.GenerateSetName(tt.sources)
-			set, err := r.createIpSet(setName, tt.sources)
+			setName := firewall.NewPrefixSet(tt.sources).HashedName()
+			set, err := r.createIpSet(setName, setInput{prefixes: tt.sources})
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Logf("Failed to create IP set: %v", err)
 				printNftSets()

client/firewall/test/cases_linux.go

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Insert Forwarding IPV4 Rule",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
-				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
+				Source:      firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32")},
+				Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24")},
 				Masquerade:  false,
 			},
 		},
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Insert Forwarding And Nat IPV4 Rules",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
-				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
+				Source:      firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32")},
+				Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24")},
 				Masquerade:  true,
 			},
 		},
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ var (
 			Name: "Remove Forwarding And Nat IPV4 Rules",
 			InputPair: firewall.RouterPair{
 				ID:          "zxa",
-				Source:      netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32"),
-				Destination: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24"),
+				Source:      firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.100.1/32")},
+				Destination: firewall.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.100.200.0/24")},
 				Masquerade:  true,
 			},
 		},

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird.go

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
-// Reset firewall to the default state
+// Close cleans up the firewall manager by removing all rules and closing trackers
 func (m *Manager) Close(stateManager *statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()

client/firewall/uspfilter/allow_netbird_windows.go

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 
-	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/statemanager"
 )
 
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ const (
 	firewallRuleName        = "Netbird"
 )
 
-// Reset firewall to the default state
+// Close cleans up the firewall manager by removing all rules and closing trackers
 func (m *Manager) Close(*statemanager.Manager) error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
@@ -32,17 +31,14 @@ func (m *Manager) Close(*statemanager.Manager) error {
 
 	if m.udpTracker != nil {
 		m.udpTracker.Close()
-		m.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(conntrack.DefaultUDPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
 	}
 
 	if m.icmpTracker != nil {
 		m.icmpTracker.Close()
-		m.icmpTracker = conntrack.NewICMPTracker(conntrack.DefaultICMPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
 	}
 
 	if m.tcpTracker != nil {
 		m.tcpTracker.Close()
-		m.tcpTracker = conntrack.NewTCPTracker(conntrack.DefaultTCPTimeout, m.logger, m.flowLogger)
 	}
 
 	if fwder := m.forwarder.Load(); fwder != nil {

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common.go

@@ -62,5 +62,5 @@ type ConnKey struct {
 }
 
 func (c ConnKey) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d -> %s:%d", c.SrcIP.Unmap(), c.SrcPort, c.DstIP.Unmap(), c.DstPort)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d → %s:%d", c.SrcIP.Unmap(), c.SrcPort, c.DstIP.Unmap(), c.DstPort)
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/common_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package conntrack
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"net/netip"
 	"testing"
 
@@ -12,7 +11,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 var logger = log.NewFromLogrus(logrus.StandardLogger())
-var flowLogger = netflow.NewManager(context.Background(), nil, []byte{}, nil).GetLogger()
+var flowLogger = netflow.NewManager(nil, []byte{}, nil).GetLogger()
 
 // Memory pressure tests
 func BenchmarkMemoryPressure(b *testing.B) {

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp.go

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package conntrack
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -19,6 +20,10 @@ const (
 	DefaultICMPTimeout = 30 * time.Second
 	// ICMPCleanupInterval is how often we check for stale ICMP connections
 	ICMPCleanupInterval = 15 * time.Second
+
+	// MaxICMPPayloadLength is the maximum length of ICMP payload we consider for original packet info,
+	// which includes the IP header (20 bytes) and transport header (8 bytes)
+	MaxICMPPayloadLength = 28
 )
 
 // ICMPConnKey uniquely identifies an ICMP connection
@@ -29,7 +34,7 @@ type ICMPConnKey struct {
 }
 
 func (i ICMPConnKey) String() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s -> %s (id %d)", i.SrcIP, i.DstIP, i.ID)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s → %s (id %d)", i.SrcIP, i.DstIP, i.ID)
 }
 
 // ICMPConnTrack represents an ICMP connection state
@@ -50,6 +55,72 @@ type ICMPTracker struct {
 	flowLogger    nftypes.FlowLogger
 }
 
+// ICMPInfo holds ICMP type, code, and payload for lazy string formatting in logs
+type ICMPInfo struct {
+	TypeCode    layers.ICMPv4TypeCode
+	PayloadData [MaxICMPPayloadLength]byte
+	// actual length of valid data
+	PayloadLen int
+}
+
+// String implements fmt.Stringer for lazy evaluation in log messages
+func (info ICMPInfo) String() string {
+	if info.isErrorMessage() && info.PayloadLen >= MaxICMPPayloadLength {
+		if origInfo := info.parseOriginalPacket(); origInfo != "" {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%s (original: %s)", info.TypeCode, origInfo)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return info.TypeCode.String()
+}
+
+// isErrorMessage returns true if this ICMP type carries original packet info
+func (info ICMPInfo) isErrorMessage() bool {
+	typ := info.TypeCode.Type()
+	return typ == 3 || // Destination Unreachable
+		typ == 5 || // Redirect
+		typ == 11 || // Time Exceeded
+		typ == 12 // Parameter Problem
+}
+
+// parseOriginalPacket extracts info about the original packet from ICMP payload
+func (info ICMPInfo) parseOriginalPacket() string {
+	if info.PayloadLen < MaxICMPPayloadLength {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	// TODO: handle IPv6
+	if version := (info.PayloadData[0] >> 4) & 0xF; version != 4 {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	protocol := info.PayloadData[9]
+	srcIP := net.IP(info.PayloadData[12:16])
+	dstIP := net.IP(info.PayloadData[16:20])
+
+	transportData := info.PayloadData[20:]
+
+	switch nftypes.Protocol(protocol) {
+	case nftypes.TCP:
+		srcPort := uint16(transportData[0])<<8 | uint16(transportData[1])
+		dstPort := uint16(transportData[2])<<8 | uint16(transportData[3])
+		return fmt.Sprintf("TCP %s:%d → %s:%d", srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
+
+	case nftypes.UDP:
+		srcPort := uint16(transportData[0])<<8 | uint16(transportData[1])
+		dstPort := uint16(transportData[2])<<8 | uint16(transportData[3])
+		return fmt.Sprintf("UDP %s:%d → %s:%d", srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
+
+	case nftypes.ICMP:
+		icmpType := transportData[0]
+		icmpCode := transportData[1]
+		return fmt.Sprintf("ICMP %s → %s (type %d code %d)", srcIP, dstIP, icmpType, icmpCode)
+
+	default:
+		return fmt.Sprintf("Proto %d %s → %s", protocol, srcIP, dstIP)
+	}
+}
+
 // NewICMPTracker creates a new ICMP connection tracker
 func NewICMPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger) *ICMPTracker {
 	if timeout == 0 {
@@ -93,30 +164,64 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) updateIfExists(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, id uint
 }
 
 // TrackOutbound records an outbound ICMP connection
-func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, id uint16, typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode, size int) {
+func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackOutbound(
+	srcIP netip.Addr,
+	dstIP netip.Addr,
+	id uint16,
+	typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode,
+	payload []byte,
+	size int,
+) {
 	if _, exists := t.updateIfExists(dstIP, srcIP, id, nftypes.Egress, size); !exists {
 		// if (inverted direction) conn is not tracked, track this direction
-		t.track(srcIP, dstIP, id, typecode, nftypes.Egress, nil, size)
+		t.track(srcIP, dstIP, id, typecode, nftypes.Egress, nil, payload, size)
 	}
 }
 
 // TrackInbound records an inbound ICMP Echo Request
-func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackInbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, id uint16, typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode, ruleId []byte, size int) {
-	t.track(srcIP, dstIP, id, typecode, nftypes.Ingress, ruleId, size)
+func (t *ICMPTracker) TrackInbound(
+	srcIP netip.Addr,
+	dstIP netip.Addr,
+	id uint16,
+	typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode,
+	ruleId []byte,
+	payload []byte,
+	size int,
+) {
+	t.track(srcIP, dstIP, id, typecode, nftypes.Ingress, ruleId, payload, size)
 }
 
 // track is the common implementation for tracking both inbound and outbound ICMP connections
-func (t *ICMPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, id uint16, typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode, direction nftypes.Direction, ruleId []byte, size int) {
+func (t *ICMPTracker) track(
+	srcIP netip.Addr,
+	dstIP netip.Addr,
+	id uint16,
+	typecode layers.ICMPv4TypeCode,
+	direction nftypes.Direction,
+	ruleId []byte,
+	payload []byte,
+	size int,
+) {
 	key, exists := t.updateIfExists(srcIP, dstIP, id, direction, size)
 	if exists {
 		return
 	}
 
 	typ, code := typecode.Type(), typecode.Code()
+	icmpInfo := ICMPInfo{
+		TypeCode: typecode,
+	}
+	if len(payload) > 0 {
+		icmpInfo.PayloadLen = len(payload)
+		if icmpInfo.PayloadLen > MaxICMPPayloadLength {
+			icmpInfo.PayloadLen = MaxICMPPayloadLength
+		}
+		copy(icmpInfo.PayloadData[:], payload[:icmpInfo.PayloadLen])
+	}
 
 	// non echo requests don't need tracking
 	if typ != uint8(layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoRequest) {
-		t.logger.Trace("New %s ICMP connection %s type %d code %d", direction, key, typ, code)
+		t.logger.Trace("New %s ICMP connection %s - %s", direction, key, icmpInfo)
 		t.sendStartEvent(direction, srcIP, dstIP, typ, code, ruleId, size)
 		return
 	}
@@ -132,12 +237,13 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, id uint16, typec
 		ICMPCode: code,
 	}
 	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
+	conn.UpdateCounters(direction, size)
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	t.connections[key] = conn
 	t.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	t.logger.Trace("New %s ICMP connection %s type %d code %d", direction, key, typ, code)
+	t.logger.Trace("New %s ICMP connection %s - %s", direction, key, icmpInfo)
 	t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, conn, ruleId)
 }
 
@@ -188,7 +294,7 @@ func (t *ICMPTracker) cleanup() {
 		if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
 			delete(t.connections, key)
 
-			t.logger.Debug("Removed ICMP connection %s (timeout) [in: %d Pkts/%d B out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+			t.logger.Trace("Removed ICMP connection %s (timeout) [in: %d Pkts/%d B out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
 				key, conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
 			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
 		}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/icmp_test.go

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ func BenchmarkICMPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 
 		b.ResetTimer()
 		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 0, 0)
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 0, []byte{}, 0)
 		}
 	})
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ func BenchmarkICMPTracker(b *testing.B) {
 
 		// Pre-populate some connections
 		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
-			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 0, 0)
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 0, []byte{}, 0)
 		}
 
 		b.ResetTimer()

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp.go

@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ const (
 )
 
 const (
-	TCPSyn  uint8 = 0x02
-	TCPAck  uint8 = 0x10
 	TCPFin  uint8 = 0x01
+	TCPSyn  uint8 = 0x02
 	TCPRst  uint8 = 0x04
 	TCPPush uint8 = 0x08
+	TCPAck  uint8 = 0x10
 	TCPUrg  uint8 = 0x20
 )
 
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ const (
 )
 
 // TCPState represents the state of a TCP connection
-type TCPState int
+type TCPState int32
 
 func (s TCPState) String() string {
 	switch s {
@@ -89,22 +89,25 @@ const (
 // TCPConnTrack represents a TCP connection state
 type TCPConnTrack struct {
 	BaseConnTrack
-	SourcePort  uint16
-	DestPort    uint16
-	State       TCPState
-	established atomic.Bool
-	tombstone   atomic.Bool
-	sync.RWMutex
+	SourcePort uint16
+	DestPort   uint16
+	state      atomic.Int32
+	tombstone  atomic.Bool
 }
 
-// IsEstablished safely checks if connection is established
-func (t *TCPConnTrack) IsEstablished() bool {
-	return t.established.Load()
+// GetState safely retrieves the current state
+func (t *TCPConnTrack) GetState() TCPState {
+	return TCPState(t.state.Load())
 }
 
-// SetEstablished safely sets the established state
-func (t *TCPConnTrack) SetEstablished(state bool) {
-	t.established.Store(state)
+// SetState safely updates the current state
+func (t *TCPConnTrack) SetState(state TCPState) {
+	t.state.Store(int32(state))
+}
+
+// CompareAndSwapState atomically changes the state from old to new if current == old
+func (t *TCPConnTrack) CompareAndSwapState(old, newState TCPState) bool {
+	return t.state.CompareAndSwap(int32(old), int32(newState))
 }
 
 // IsTombstone safely checks if the connection is marked for deletion
@@ -125,13 +128,17 @@ type TCPTracker struct {
 	cleanupTicker *time.Ticker
 	tickerCancel  context.CancelFunc
 	timeout       time.Duration
+	waitTimeout   time.Duration
 	flowLogger    nftypes.FlowLogger
 }
 
 // NewTCPTracker creates a new TCP connection tracker
 func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger) *TCPTracker {
+	waitTimeout := TimeWaitTimeout
 	if timeout == 0 {
 		timeout = DefaultTCPTimeout
+	} else {
+		waitTimeout = timeout / 45
 	}
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
@@ -142,6 +149,7 @@ func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftyp
 		cleanupTicker: time.NewTicker(TCPCleanupInterval),
 		tickerCancel:  cancel,
 		timeout:       timeout,
+		waitTimeout:   waitTimeout,
 		flowLogger:    flowLogger,
 	}
 
@@ -149,7 +157,7 @@ func NewTCPTracker(timeout time.Duration, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftyp
 	return tracker
 }
 
-func (t *TCPTracker) updateIfExists(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, direction nftypes.Direction, size int) (ConnKey, bool) {
+func (t *TCPTracker) updateIfExists(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, direction nftypes.Direction, size int) (ConnKey, bool) {
 	key := ConnKey{
 		SrcIP:   srcIP,
 		DstIP:   dstIP,
@@ -162,12 +170,7 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) updateIfExists(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort
 	t.mutex.RUnlock()
 
 	if exists {
-		conn.Lock()
-		t.updateState(key, conn, flags, conn.Direction == nftypes.Egress)
-		conn.Unlock()
-
-		conn.UpdateCounters(direction, size)
-
+		t.updateState(key, conn, flags, direction, size)
 		return key, true
 	}
 
@@ -175,22 +178,22 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) updateIfExists(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort
 }
 
 // TrackOutbound records an outbound TCP connection
-func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, size int) {
-	if _, exists := t.updateIfExists(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, flags, 0, 0); !exists {
+func (t *TCPTracker) TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, size int) {
+	if _, exists := t.updateIfExists(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, flags, nftypes.Egress, size); !exists {
 		// if (inverted direction) conn is not tracked, track this direction
 		t.track(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, flags, nftypes.Egress, nil, size)
 	}
 }
 
 // TrackInbound processes an inbound TCP packet and updates connection state
-func (t *TCPTracker) TrackInbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, ruleID []byte, size int) {
+func (t *TCPTracker) TrackInbound(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, ruleID []byte, size int) {
 	t.track(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, flags, nftypes.Ingress, ruleID, size)
 }
 
 // track is the common implementation for tracking both inbound and outbound connections
-func (t *TCPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, direction nftypes.Direction, ruleID []byte, size int) {
+func (t *TCPTracker) track(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, direction nftypes.Direction, ruleID []byte, size int) {
 	key, exists := t.updateIfExists(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, flags, direction, size)
-	if exists {
+	if exists || flags&TCPSyn == 0 {
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -205,11 +208,11 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, d
 		DestPort:   dstPort,
 	}
 
-	conn.established.Store(false)
 	conn.tombstone.Store(false)
+	conn.state.Store(int32(TCPStateNew))
 
 	t.logger.Trace("New %s TCP connection: %s", direction, key)
-	t.updateState(key, conn, flags, direction == nftypes.Egress)
+	t.updateState(key, conn, flags, direction, size)
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	t.connections[key] = conn
@@ -219,7 +222,7 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, d
 }
 
 // IsValidInbound checks if an inbound TCP packet matches a tracked connection
-func (t *TCPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, size int) bool {
+func (t *TCPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, flags uint8, size int) bool {
 	key := ConnKey{
 		SrcIP:   dstIP,
 		DstIP:   srcIP,
@@ -231,129 +234,125 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) IsValidInbound(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort
 	conn, exists := t.connections[key]
 	t.mutex.RUnlock()
 
-	if !exists {
+	if !exists || conn.IsTombstone() {
 		return false
 	}
 
-	// Handle RST flag specially - it always causes transition to closed
-	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
-		if conn.IsTombstone() {
+	currentState := conn.GetState()
+	if !t.isValidStateForFlags(currentState, flags) {
+		t.logger.Warn("TCP state %s is not valid with flags %x for connection %s", currentState, flags, key)
+		// allow all flags for established for now
+		if currentState == TCPStateEstablished {
 			return true
 		}
-
-		conn.Lock()
-		conn.SetTombstone()
-		conn.State = TCPStateClosed
-		conn.SetEstablished(false)
-		conn.Unlock()
-		conn.UpdateCounters(nftypes.Ingress, size)
-
-		t.logger.Trace("TCP connection reset: %s", key)
-		t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
-		return true
+		return false
 	}
 
-	conn.Lock()
-	t.updateState(key, conn, flags, false)
-	isEstablished := conn.IsEstablished()
-	isValidState := t.isValidStateForFlags(conn.State, flags)
-	conn.Unlock()
-
-	return isEstablished || isValidState
+	t.updateState(key, conn, flags, nftypes.Ingress, size)
+	return true
 }
 
 // updateState updates the TCP connection state based on flags
-func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(key ConnKey, conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, isOutbound bool) {
+func (t *TCPTracker) updateState(key ConnKey, conn *TCPConnTrack, flags uint8, packetDir nftypes.Direction, size int) {
 	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
+	conn.UpdateCounters(packetDir, size)
 
-	state := conn.State
-	defer func() {
-		if state != conn.State {
-			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s transitioned from %s to %s", key, state, conn.State)
+	currentState := conn.GetState()
+
+	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
+		if conn.CompareAndSwapState(currentState, TCPStateClosed) {
+			conn.SetTombstone()
+			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection reset: %s (dir: %s) [in: %d Pkts/%d B, out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+				key, packetDir, conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
+			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
 		}
-	}()
+		return
+	}
 
-	switch state {
+	var newState TCPState
+	switch currentState {
 	case TCPStateNew:
 		if flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck == 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateSynSent
+			if conn.Direction == nftypes.Egress {
+				newState = TCPStateSynSent
+			} else {
+				newState = TCPStateSynReceived
+			}
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateSynSent:
 		if flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0 {
-			if isOutbound {
-				conn.State = TCPStateEstablished
-				conn.SetEstablished(true)
+			if packetDir != conn.Direction {
+				newState = TCPStateEstablished
 			} else {
 				// Simultaneous open
-				conn.State = TCPStateSynReceived
+				newState = TCPStateSynReceived
 			}
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateSynReceived:
 		if flags&TCPAck != 0 && flags&TCPSyn == 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateEstablished
-			conn.SetEstablished(true)
+			if packetDir == conn.Direction {
+				newState = TCPStateEstablished
+			}
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateEstablished:
 		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
-			if isOutbound {
-				conn.State = TCPStateFinWait1
+			if packetDir == conn.Direction {
+				newState = TCPStateFinWait1
 			} else {
-				conn.State = TCPStateCloseWait
+				newState = TCPStateCloseWait
 			}
-			conn.SetEstablished(false)
-		} else if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
-			conn.SetTombstone()
-			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateFinWait1:
-		switch {
-		case flags&TCPFin != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0:
-			conn.State = TCPStateClosing
-		case flags&TCPFin != 0:
-			conn.State = TCPStateFinWait2
-		case flags&TCPAck != 0:
-			conn.State = TCPStateFinWait2
-		case flags&TCPRst != 0:
-			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
-			conn.SetTombstone()
-			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
+		if packetDir != conn.Direction {
+			switch {
+			case flags&TCPFin != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0:
+				newState = TCPStateClosing
+			case flags&TCPFin != 0:
+				newState = TCPStateClosing
+			case flags&TCPAck != 0:
+				newState = TCPStateFinWait2
+			}
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateFinWait2:
 		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateTimeWait
-
-			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s completed", key)
-			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
+			newState = TCPStateTimeWait
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateClosing:
 		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateTimeWait
-			// Keep established = false from previous state
-
-			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s closed (simultaneous)", key)
-			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
+			newState = TCPStateTimeWait
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateCloseWait:
 		if flags&TCPFin != 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateLastAck
+			newState = TCPStateLastAck
 		}
 
 	case TCPStateLastAck:
 		if flags&TCPAck != 0 {
-			conn.State = TCPStateClosed
-			conn.SetTombstone()
+			newState = TCPStateClosed
+		}
+	}
 
-			// Send close event for gracefully closed connections
+	if newState != 0 && conn.CompareAndSwapState(currentState, newState) {
+		t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s transitioned from %s to %s (dir: %s)", key, currentState, newState, packetDir)
+
+		switch newState {
+		case TCPStateTimeWait:
+			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s completed [in: %d Pkts/%d B, out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+				key, conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
+			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
+
+		case TCPStateClosed:
+			conn.SetTombstone()
+			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s closed gracefully [in: %d Pkts/%d, B out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+				key, conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
 			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
-			t.logger.Trace("TCP connection %s closed gracefully", key)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -363,18 +362,22 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) isValidStateForFlags(state TCPState, flags uint8) bool {
 	if !isValidFlagCombination(flags) {
 		return false
 	}
+	if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
+		if state == TCPStateSynSent {
+			return flags&TCPAck != 0
+		}
+		return true
+	}
 
 	switch state {
 	case TCPStateNew:
 		return flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck == 0
 	case TCPStateSynSent:
+		// TODO: support simultaneous open
 		return flags&TCPSyn != 0 && flags&TCPAck != 0
 	case TCPStateSynReceived:
 		return flags&TCPAck != 0
 	case TCPStateEstablished:
-		if flags&TCPRst != 0 {
-			return true
-		}
 		return flags&TCPAck != 0
 	case TCPStateFinWait1:
 		return flags&TCPFin != 0 || flags&TCPAck != 0
@@ -391,9 +394,7 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) isValidStateForFlags(state TCPState, flags uint8) bool {
 	case TCPStateLastAck:
 		return flags&TCPAck != 0
 	case TCPStateClosed:
-		// Accept retransmitted ACKs in closed state
-		// This is important because the final ACK might be lost
-		// and the peer will retransmit their FIN-ACK
+		// Accept retransmitted ACKs in closed state, the final ACK might be lost and the peer will retransmit their FIN-ACK
 		return flags&TCPAck != 0
 	}
 	return false
@@ -424,23 +425,24 @@ func (t *TCPTracker) cleanup() {
 		}
 
 		var timeout time.Duration
-		switch {
-		case conn.State == TCPStateTimeWait:
-			timeout = TimeWaitTimeout
-		case conn.IsEstablished():
+		currentState := conn.GetState()
+		switch currentState {
+		case TCPStateTimeWait:
+			timeout = t.waitTimeout
+		case TCPStateEstablished:
 			timeout = t.timeout
 		default:
 			timeout = TCPHandshakeTimeout
 		}
 
 		if conn.timeoutExceeded(timeout) {
-			// Return IPs to pool
 			delete(t.connections, key)
 
-			t.logger.Trace("Cleaned up timed-out TCP connection %s", key)
+			t.logger.Trace("Cleaned up timed-out TCP connection %s (%s) [in: %d Pkts/%d, B out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+				key, conn.GetState(), conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
 
 			// event already handled by state change
-			if conn.State != TCPStateTimeWait {
+			if currentState != TCPStateTimeWait {
 				t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
 			}
 		}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp_bench_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+package conntrack
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
+
+		// Pre-populate some connections
+		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
+		}
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%1000), TCPAck|TCPSyn, 0)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("ConcurrentAccess", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
+
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			i := 0
+			for pb.Next() {
+				if i%2 == 0 {
+					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
+				} else {
+					tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%65535), TCPAck|TCPSyn, 0)
+				}
+				i++
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// Benchmark connection cleanup
+func BenchmarkCleanup(b *testing.B) {
+	b.Run("TCPCleanup", func(b *testing.B) {
+		tracker := NewTCPTracker(100*time.Millisecond, logger, flowLogger)
+		defer tracker.Close()
+
+		// Pre-populate with expired connections
+		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
+		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
+		for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
+			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
+		}
+
+		// Wait for connections to expire
+		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
+
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			tracker.cleanup()
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/tcp_test.go

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
@@ -124,9 +125,6 @@ func TestTCPStateMachine(t *testing.T) {
 					// Receive RST
 					valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst, 0)
 					require.True(t, valid, "RST should be allowed for established connection")
-
-					// Connection is logically dead but we don't enforce blocking subsequent packets
-					// The connection will be cleaned up by timeout
 				},
 			},
 			{
@@ -217,97 +215,446 @@ func TestRSTHandling(t *testing.T) {
 			conn := tracker.connections[key]
 			if tt.wantValid {
 				require.NotNil(t, conn)
-				require.Equal(t, TCPStateClosed, conn.State)
-				require.False(t, conn.IsEstablished())
+				require.Equal(t, TCPStateClosed, conn.GetState())
 			}
 		})
 	}
 }
 
+func TestTCPRetransmissions(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	// Test SYN retransmission
+	t.Run("SYN Retransmission", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Initial SYN
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn, 0)
+
+		// Retransmit SYN (should not affect the state machine)
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn, 0)
+
+		// Verify we're still in SYN-SENT state
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateSynSent, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Complete the handshake
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
+
+		// Verify we're in ESTABLISHED state
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+	})
+
+	// Test ACK retransmission in established state
+	t.Run("ACK Retransmission", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+
+		// Establish connection
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		// Get connection object
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Retransmit ACK
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
+
+		// State should remain ESTABLISHED
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+	})
+
+	// Test FIN retransmission
+	t.Run("FIN Retransmission", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+
+		// Establish connection
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		// Get connection object
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+
+		// Send FIN
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateFinWait1, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Retransmit FIN (should not change state)
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateFinWait1, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Receive ACK for FIN
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateFinWait2, conn.GetState())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestTCPDataTransfer(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	t.Run("Data Transfer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		// Get connection object
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+
+		// Send data
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, 1000)
+
+		// Receive ACK for data
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 100)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+
+		// Receive data
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, 1500)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+
+		// Send ACK for received data
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 100)
+
+		// State should remain ESTABLISHED
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+
+		assert.Equal(t, uint64(1300), conn.BytesTx.Load())
+		assert.Equal(t, uint64(1700), conn.BytesRx.Load())
+		assert.Equal(t, uint64(4), conn.PacketsTx.Load())
+		assert.Equal(t, uint64(3), conn.PacketsRx.Load())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestTCPHalfClosedConnections(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	// Test half-closed connection: local end closes, remote end continues sending data
+	t.Run("Local Close, Remote Data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+
+		// Send FIN
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateFinWait1, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Receive ACK for FIN
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateFinWait2, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Remote end can still send data
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, 1000)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+
+		// We can still ACK their data
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
+
+		// Receive FIN from remote end
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateTimeWait, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Send final ACK
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
+
+		// State should remain TIME-WAIT (waiting for possible retransmissions)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateTimeWait, conn.GetState())
+	})
+
+	// Test half-closed connection: remote end closes, local end continues sending data
+	t.Run("Remote Close, Local Data", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tracker = NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+
+		// Establish connection
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		// Get connection object
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+
+		// Receive FIN from remote
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateCloseWait, conn.GetState())
+
+		// We can still send data
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, 1000)
+
+		// Remote can still ACK our data
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+
+		// Send our FIN
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateLastAck, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Receive final ACK
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateClosed, conn.GetState())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestTCPAbnormalSequences(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	// Test handling of unsolicited RST in various states
+	t.Run("Unsolicited RST in SYN-SENT", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Send SYN
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn, 0)
+
+		// Receive unsolicited RST (without proper ACK)
+		valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst, 0)
+		require.False(t, valid, "RST without proper ACK in SYN-SENT should be rejected")
+
+		// Receive RST with proper ACK
+		valid = tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPRst|TCPAck, 0)
+		require.True(t, valid, "RST with proper ACK in SYN-SENT should be accepted")
+
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateClosed, conn.GetState())
+		require.True(t, conn.IsTombstone())
+	})
+}
+
+func TestTCPTimeoutHandling(t *testing.T) {
+	// Create tracker with a very short timeout for testing
+	shortTimeout := 100 * time.Millisecond
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(shortTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	srcPort := uint16(12345)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	t.Run("Connection Timeout", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Establish a connection
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		// Get connection object
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+
+		// Wait for the connection to timeout
+		time.Sleep(2 * shortTimeout)
+
+		// Force cleanup
+		tracker.cleanup()
+
+		// Connection should be removed
+		_, exists := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.False(t, exists, "Connection should be removed after timeout")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("TIME_WAIT Timeout", func(t *testing.T) {
+		tracker = NewTCPTracker(shortTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+
+		establishConnection(t, tracker, srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+
+		key := ConnKey{
+			SrcIP:   srcIP,
+			DstIP:   dstIP,
+			SrcPort: srcPort,
+			DstPort: dstPort,
+		}
+		conn := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.NotNil(t, conn)
+
+		// Complete the connection close to enter TIME_WAIT
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPAck, 0)
+		tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPFin|TCPAck, 0)
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
+
+		require.Equal(t, TCPStateTimeWait, conn.GetState())
+
+		// TIME_WAIT should have its own timeout value (usually 2*MSL)
+		// For the test, we're using a short timeout
+		time.Sleep(2 * shortTimeout)
+
+		tracker.cleanup()
+
+		// Connection should be removed
+		_, exists := tracker.connections[key]
+		require.False(t, exists, "Connection should be removed after TIME_WAIT timeout")
+	})
+}
+
+func TestSynFlood(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	basePort := uint16(10000)
+	dstPort := uint16(80)
+
+	// Create a large number of SYN packets to simulate a SYN flood
+	for i := uint16(0); i < 1000; i++ {
+		tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, basePort+i, dstPort, TCPSyn, 0)
+	}
+
+	// Check that we're tracking all connections
+	require.Equal(t, 1000, len(tracker.connections))
+
+	// Now simulate SYN timeout
+	var oldConns int
+	tracker.mutex.Lock()
+	for _, conn := range tracker.connections {
+		if conn.GetState() == TCPStateSynSent {
+			// Make the connection appear old
+			conn.lastSeen.Store(time.Now().Add(-TCPHandshakeTimeout - time.Second).UnixNano())
+			oldConns++
+		}
+	}
+	tracker.mutex.Unlock()
+	require.Equal(t, 1000, oldConns)
+
+	// Run cleanup
+	tracker.cleanup()
+
+	// Check that stale connections were cleaned up
+	require.Equal(t, 0, len(tracker.connections))
+}
+
+func TestTCPInboundInitiatedConnection(t *testing.T) {
+	tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
+	defer tracker.Close()
+
+	clientIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.1")
+	serverIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.64.0.2")
+	clientPort := uint16(12345)
+	serverPort := uint16(80)
+
+	// 1. Client sends SYN (we receive it as inbound)
+	tracker.TrackInbound(clientIP, serverIP, clientPort, serverPort, TCPSyn, nil, 100)
+
+	key := ConnKey{
+		SrcIP:   clientIP,
+		DstIP:   serverIP,
+		SrcPort: clientPort,
+		DstPort: serverPort,
+	}
+
+	tracker.mutex.RLock()
+	conn := tracker.connections[key]
+	tracker.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	require.NotNil(t, conn)
+	require.Equal(t, TCPStateSynReceived, conn.GetState(), "Connection should be in SYN-RECEIVED state after inbound SYN")
+
+	// 2. Server sends SYN-ACK response
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(serverIP, clientIP, serverPort, clientPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck, 100)
+
+	// 3. Client sends ACK to complete handshake
+	tracker.TrackInbound(clientIP, serverIP, clientPort, serverPort, TCPAck, nil, 100)
+	require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState(), "Connection should be ESTABLISHED after handshake completion")
+
+	// 4. Test data transfer
+	// Client sends data
+	tracker.TrackInbound(clientIP, serverIP, clientPort, serverPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, nil, 1000)
+
+	// Server sends ACK for data
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(serverIP, clientIP, serverPort, clientPort, TCPAck, 100)
+
+	// Server sends data
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(serverIP, clientIP, serverPort, clientPort, TCPPush|TCPAck, 1500)
+
+	// Client sends ACK for data
+	tracker.TrackInbound(clientIP, serverIP, clientPort, serverPort, TCPAck, nil, 100)
+
+	// Verify state and counters
+	require.Equal(t, TCPStateEstablished, conn.GetState())
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1300), conn.BytesRx.Load()) // 3 packets * 100 + 1000 data
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(1700), conn.BytesTx.Load()) // 2 packets * 100 + 1500 data
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(4), conn.PacketsRx.Load())  // SYN, ACK, Data
+	assert.Equal(t, uint64(3), conn.PacketsTx.Load())  // SYN-ACK, Data
+}
+
 // Helper to establish a TCP connection
 func establishConnection(t *testing.T, tracker *TCPTracker, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16) {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn, 0)
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPSyn, 100)
 
-	valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck, 0)
+	valid := tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort, TCPSyn|TCPAck, 100)
 	require.True(t, valid, "SYN-ACK should be allowed")
 
-	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 0)
-}
-
-func BenchmarkTCPTracker(b *testing.B) {
-	b.Run("TrackOutbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
-		defer tracker.Close()
-
-		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
-		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
-
-		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
-		}
-	})
-
-	b.Run("IsValidInbound", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
-		defer tracker.Close()
-
-		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
-		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
-
-		// Pre-populate some connections
-		for i := 0; i < 1000; i++ {
-			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
-		}
-
-		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%1000), TCPAck, 0)
-		}
-	})
-
-	b.Run("ConcurrentAccess", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(DefaultTCPTimeout, logger, flowLogger)
-		defer tracker.Close()
-
-		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
-		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
-
-		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
-			i := 0
-			for pb.Next() {
-				if i%2 == 0 {
-					tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i%65535), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
-				} else {
-					tracker.IsValidInbound(dstIP, srcIP, 80, uint16(i%65535), TCPAck, 0)
-				}
-				i++
-			}
-		})
-	})
-}
-
-// Benchmark connection cleanup
-func BenchmarkCleanup(b *testing.B) {
-	b.Run("TCPCleanup", func(b *testing.B) {
-		tracker := NewTCPTracker(100*time.Millisecond, logger, flowLogger) // Short timeout for testing
-		defer tracker.Close()
-
-		// Pre-populate with expired connections
-		srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1")
-		dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2")
-		for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
-			tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(i), 80, TCPSyn, 0)
-		}
-
-		// Wait for connections to expire
-		time.Sleep(200 * time.Millisecond)
-
-		b.ResetTimer()
-		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-			tracker.cleanup()
-		}
-	})
+	tracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, TCPAck, 100)
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack/udp.go

@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ func (t *UDPTracker) track(srcIP netip.Addr, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort uint16, d
 		DestPort:   dstPort,
 	}
 	conn.UpdateLastSeen()
+	conn.UpdateCounters(direction, size)
 
 	t.mutex.Lock()
 	t.connections[key] = conn
@@ -164,7 +165,7 @@ func (t *UDPTracker) cleanup() {
 		if conn.timeoutExceeded(t.timeout) {
 			delete(t.connections, key)
 
-			t.logger.Trace("Removed UDP connection %s (timeout) [in: %d Pkts/%d B out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
+			t.logger.Trace("Removed UDP connection %s (timeout) [in: %d Pkts/%d B, out: %d Pkts/%d B]",
 				key, conn.PacketsRx.Load(), conn.BytesRx.Load(), conn.PacketsTx.Load(), conn.BytesTx.Load())
 			t.sendEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, conn, nil)
 		}

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter.go

@@ -39,8 +39,12 @@ const (
 	// EnvForceUserspaceRouter forces userspace routing even if native routing is available.
 	EnvForceUserspaceRouter = "NB_FORCE_USERSPACE_ROUTER"
 
-	// EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding enables forwarding of local traffic to the native stack when running netstack
-	// Leaving this on by default introduces a security risk as sockets on listening on localhost only will be accessible
+	// EnvEnableLocalForwarding enables forwarding of local traffic to the native stack for internal (non-NetBird) interfaces.
+	// Default off as it might be security risk because sockets listening on localhost only will become accessible.
+	EnvEnableLocalForwarding = "NB_ENABLE_LOCAL_FORWARDING"
+
+	// EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding is an alias for EnvEnableLocalForwarding.
+	// In netstack mode, it enables forwarding of local traffic to the native stack for all interfaces.
 	EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding = "NB_ENABLE_NETSTACK_LOCAL_FORWARDING"
 )
 
@@ -49,10 +53,10 @@ var errNatNotSupported = errors.New("nat not supported with userspace firewall")
 // RuleSet is a set of rules grouped by a string key
 type RuleSet map[string]PeerRule
 
-type RouteRules []RouteRule
+type RouteRules []*RouteRule
 
 func (r RouteRules) Sort() {
-	slices.SortStableFunc(r, func(a, b RouteRule) int {
+	slices.SortStableFunc(r, func(a, b *RouteRule) int {
 		// Deny rules come first
 		if a.action == firewall.ActionDrop && b.action != firewall.ActionDrop {
 			return -1
@@ -71,7 +75,6 @@ type Manager struct {
 	// incomingRules is used for filtering and hooks
 	incomingRules  map[netip.Addr]RuleSet
 	routeRules     RouteRules
-	wgNetwork      *net.IPNet
 	decoders       sync.Pool
 	wgIface        common.IFaceMapper
 	nativeFirewall firewall.Manager
@@ -99,6 +102,14 @@ type Manager struct {
 	forwarder   atomic.Pointer[forwarder.Forwarder]
 	logger      *nblog.Logger
 	flowLogger  nftypes.FlowLogger
+
+	blockRule firewall.Rule
+
+	// Internal 1:1 DNAT
+	dnatEnabled  atomic.Bool
+	dnatMappings map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr
+	dnatMutex    sync.RWMutex
+	dnatBiMap    *biDNATMap
 }
 
 // decoder for packages
@@ -146,6 +157,11 @@ func parseCreateEnv() (bool, bool) {
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvEnableNetstackLocalForwarding, err)
 		}
+	} else if val := os.Getenv(EnvEnableLocalForwarding); val != "" {
+		enableLocalForwarding, err = strconv.ParseBool(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Warnf("failed to parse %s: %v", EnvEnableLocalForwarding, err)
+		}
 	}
 
 	return disableConntrack, enableLocalForwarding
@@ -179,6 +195,7 @@ func create(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableSe
 		flowLogger:          flowLogger,
 		netstack:            netstack.IsEnabled(),
 		localForwarding:     enableLocalForwarding,
+		dnatMappings:        make(map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr),
 	}
 	m.routingEnabled.Store(false)
 
@@ -201,41 +218,35 @@ func create(iface common.IFaceMapper, nativeFirewall firewall.Manager, disableSe
 		}
 	}
 
-	if err := m.blockInvalidRouted(iface); err != nil {
-		log.Errorf("failed to block invalid routed traffic: %v", err)
-	}
-
 	if err := iface.SetFilter(m); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("set filter: %w", err)
 	}
 	return m, nil
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface common.IFaceMapper) error {
-	if m.forwarder.Load() == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
+func (m *Manager) blockInvalidRouted(iface common.IFaceMapper) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	wgPrefix, err := netip.ParsePrefix(iface.Address().Network.String())
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("parse wireguard network: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse wireguard network: %w", err)
 	}
 	log.Debugf("blocking invalid routed traffic for %s", wgPrefix)
 
-	if _, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(
+	rule, err := m.addRouteFiltering(
 		nil,
 		[]netip.Prefix{netip.PrefixFrom(netip.IPv4Unspecified(), 0)},
-		wgPrefix,
+		firewall.Network{Prefix: wgPrefix},
 		firewall.ProtocolALL,
 		nil,
 		nil,
 		firewall.ActionDrop,
-	); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("block wg nte : %w", err)
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("block wg nte : %w", err)
 	}
 
 	// TODO: Block networks that we're a client of
 
-	return nil
+	return rule, nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) determineRouting() error {
@@ -273,7 +284,7 @@ func (m *Manager) determineRouting() error {
 
 		log.Info("userspace routing is forced")
 
-	case !m.netstack && m.nativeFirewall != nil && m.nativeFirewall.IsServerRouteSupported():
+	case !m.netstack && m.nativeFirewall != nil:
 		// if the OS supports routing natively, then we don't need to filter/route ourselves
 		// netstack mode won't support native routing as there is no interface
 
@@ -330,6 +341,10 @@ func (m *Manager) IsServerRouteSupported() bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+func (m *Manager) IsStateful() bool {
+	return m.stateful
+}
+
 func (m *Manager) AddNatRule(pair firewall.RouterPair) error {
 	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
 		return m.nativeFirewall.AddNatRule(pair)
@@ -413,10 +428,23 @@ func (m *Manager) AddPeerFiltering(
 func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
 	id []byte,
 	sources []netip.Prefix,
-	destination netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
 	proto firewall.Protocol,
-	sPort *firewall.Port,
-	dPort *firewall.Port,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
+	action firewall.Action,
+) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.addRouteFiltering(id, sources, destination, proto, sPort, dPort, action)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) addRouteFiltering(
+	id []byte,
+	sources []netip.Prefix,
+	destination firewall.Network,
+	proto firewall.Protocol,
+	sPort, dPort *firewall.Port,
 	action firewall.Action,
 ) (firewall.Rule, error) {
 	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
@@ -426,34 +454,39 @@ func (m *Manager) AddRouteFiltering(
 	ruleID := uuid.New().String()
 	rule := RouteRule{
 		// TODO: consolidate these IDs
-		id:          ruleID,
-		mgmtId:      id,
-		sources:     sources,
-		destination: destination,
-		proto:       proto,
-		srcPort:     sPort,
-		dstPort:     dPort,
-		action:      action,
+		id:      ruleID,
+		mgmtId:  id,
+		sources: sources,
+		dstSet:  destination.Set,
+		proto:   proto,
+		srcPort: sPort,
+		dstPort: dPort,
+		action:  action,
+	}
+	if destination.IsPrefix() {
+		rule.destinations = []netip.Prefix{destination.Prefix}
 	}
 
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	m.routeRules = append(m.routeRules, rule)
+	m.routeRules = append(m.routeRules, &rule)
 	m.routeRules.Sort()
-	m.mutex.Unlock()
 
 	return &rule, nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DeleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return m.deleteRouteRule(rule)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) deleteRouteRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
 	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
 		return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteRouteRule(rule)
 	}
 
-	m.mutex.Lock()
-	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
-
 	ruleID := rule.ID()
-	idx := slices.IndexFunc(m.routeRules, func(r RouteRule) bool {
+	idx := slices.IndexFunc(m.routeRules, func(r *RouteRule) bool {
 		return r.id == ruleID
 	})
 	if idx < 0 {
@@ -493,30 +526,60 @@ func (m *Manager) SetLegacyManagement(isLegacy bool) error {
 // Flush doesn't need to be implemented for this manager
 func (m *Manager) Flush() error { return nil }
 
-// AddDNATRule adds a DNAT rule
-func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return nil, errNatNotSupported
+// UpdateSet updates the rule destinations associated with the given set
+// by merging the existing prefixes with the new ones, then deduplicating.
+func (m *Manager) UpdateSet(set firewall.Set, prefixes []netip.Prefix) error {
+	if m.nativeRouter.Load() && m.nativeFirewall != nil {
+		return m.nativeFirewall.UpdateSet(set, prefixes)
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.AddDNATRule(rule)
-}
 
-// DeleteDNATRule deletes a DNAT rule
-func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
-	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
-		return errNatNotSupported
+	m.mutex.Lock()
+	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	var matches []*RouteRule
+	for _, rule := range m.routeRules {
+		if rule.dstSet == set {
+			matches = append(matches, rule)
+		}
 	}
-	return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
+
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no route rule found for set: %s", set)
+	}
+
+	destinations := matches[0].destinations
+	for _, prefix := range prefixes {
+		if prefix.Addr().Is4() {
+			destinations = append(destinations, prefix)
+		}
+	}
+
+	slices.SortFunc(destinations, func(a, b netip.Prefix) int {
+		cmp := a.Addr().Compare(b.Addr())
+		if cmp != 0 {
+			return cmp
+		}
+		return a.Bits() - b.Bits()
+	})
+
+	destinations = slices.Compact(destinations)
+
+	for _, rule := range matches {
+		rule.destinations = destinations
+	}
+	log.Debugf("updated set %s to prefixes %v", set.HashedName(), destinations)
+
+	return nil
 }
 
-// DropOutgoing filter outgoing packets
-func (m *Manager) DropOutgoing(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
-	return m.processOutgoingHooks(packetData, size)
+// FilterOutBound filters outgoing packets
+func (m *Manager) FilterOutbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
+	return m.filterOutbound(packetData, size)
 }
 
-// DropIncoming filter incoming packets
-func (m *Manager) DropIncoming(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
-	return m.dropFilter(packetData, size)
+// FilterInbound filters incoming packets
+func (m *Manager) FilterInbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
+	return m.filterInbound(packetData, size)
 }
 
 // UpdateLocalIPs updates the list of local IPs
@@ -524,7 +587,7 @@ func (m *Manager) UpdateLocalIPs() error {
 	return m.localipmanager.UpdateLocalIPs(m.wgIface)
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
+func (m *Manager) filterOutbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 	d := m.decoders.Get().(*decoder)
 	defer m.decoders.Put(d)
 
@@ -546,9 +609,8 @@ func (m *Manager) processOutgoingHooks(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 		return true
 	}
 
-	if m.stateful {
-		m.trackOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP, size)
-	}
+	m.trackOutbound(d, srcIP, dstIP, size)
+	m.translateOutboundDNAT(packetData, d)
 
 	return false
 }
@@ -600,7 +662,7 @@ func (m *Manager) trackOutbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, size int) {
 		flags := getTCPFlags(&d.tcp)
 		m.tcpTracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort), uint16(d.tcp.DstPort), flags, size)
 	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
-		m.icmpTracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, d.icmp4.Id, d.icmp4.TypeCode, size)
+		m.icmpTracker.TrackOutbound(srcIP, dstIP, d.icmp4.Id, d.icmp4.TypeCode, d.icmp4.Payload, size)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -613,7 +675,7 @@ func (m *Manager) trackInbound(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, ruleID []byt
 		flags := getTCPFlags(&d.tcp)
 		m.tcpTracker.TrackInbound(srcIP, dstIP, uint16(d.tcp.SrcPort), uint16(d.tcp.DstPort), flags, ruleID, size)
 	case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
-		m.icmpTracker.TrackInbound(srcIP, dstIP, d.icmp4.Id, d.icmp4.TypeCode, ruleID, size)
+		m.icmpTracker.TrackInbound(srcIP, dstIP, d.icmp4.Id, d.icmp4.TypeCode, ruleID, d.icmp4.Payload, size)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -652,13 +714,14 @@ func (m *Manager) udpHooksDrop(dport uint16, dstIP netip.Addr, packetData []byte
 	return false
 }
 
-// dropFilter implements filtering logic for incoming packets.
+// filterInbound implements filtering logic for incoming packets.
 // If it returns true, the packet should be dropped.
-func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
+func (m *Manager) filterInbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 	d := m.decoders.Get().(*decoder)
 	defer m.decoders.Put(d)
 
-	if !m.isValidPacket(d, packetData) {
+	valid, fragment := m.isValidPacket(d, packetData)
+	if !valid {
 		return true
 	}
 
@@ -668,8 +731,22 @@ func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 		return true
 	}
 
-	// For all inbound traffic, first check if it matches a tracked connection.
-	// This must happen before any other filtering because the packets are statefully tracked.
+	// TODO: pass fragments of routed packets to forwarder
+	if fragment {
+		m.logger.Trace("packet is a fragment: src=%v dst=%v id=%v flags=%v",
+			srcIP, dstIP, d.ip4.Id, d.ip4.Flags)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if translated := m.translateInboundReverse(packetData, d); translated {
+		// Re-decode after translation to get original addresses
+		if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
+			m.logger.Error("Failed to re-decode packet after reverse DNAT: %v", err)
+			return true
+		}
+		srcIP, dstIP = m.extractIPs(d)
+	}
+
 	if m.stateful && m.isValidTrackedConnection(d, srcIP, dstIP, size) {
 		return false
 	}
@@ -678,7 +755,7 @@ func (m *Manager) dropFilter(packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 		return m.handleLocalTraffic(d, srcIP, dstIP, packetData, size)
 	}
 
-	return m.handleRoutedTraffic(d, srcIP, dstIP, packetData)
+	return m.handleRoutedTraffic(d, srcIP, dstIP, packetData, size)
 }
 
 // handleLocalTraffic handles local traffic.
@@ -709,29 +786,27 @@ func (m *Manager) handleLocalTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, packet
 		return true
 	}
 
-	// if running in netstack mode we need to pass this to the forwarder
-	if m.netstack {
-		return m.handleNetstackLocalTraffic(packetData)
+	// If requested we pass local traffic to internal interfaces to the forwarder.
+	// netstack doesn't have an interface to forward packets to the native stack so we always need to use the forwarder.
+	if m.localForwarding && (m.netstack || dstIP != m.wgIface.Address().IP) {
+		return m.handleForwardedLocalTraffic(packetData)
 	}
 
 	// track inbound packets to get the correct direction and session id for flows
 	m.trackInbound(d, srcIP, dstIP, ruleID, size)
 
+	// pass to either native or virtual stack (to be picked up by listeners)
 	return false
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) handleNetstackLocalTraffic(packetData []byte) bool {
-	if !m.localForwarding {
-		// pass to virtual tcp/ip stack to be picked up by listeners
-		return false
-	}
-
-	if m.forwarder.Load() == nil {
+func (m *Manager) handleForwardedLocalTraffic(packetData []byte) bool {
+	fwd := m.forwarder.Load()
+	if fwd == nil {
 		m.logger.Trace("Dropping local packet (forwarder not initialized)")
 		return true
 	}
 
-	if err := m.forwarder.Load().InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
+	if err := fwd.InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
 		m.logger.Error("Failed to inject local packet: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -741,7 +816,7 @@ func (m *Manager) handleNetstackLocalTraffic(packetData []byte) bool {
 
 // handleRoutedTraffic handles routed traffic.
 // If it returns true, the packet should be dropped.
-func (m *Manager) handleRoutedTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, packetData []byte) bool {
+func (m *Manager) handleRoutedTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, packetData []byte, size int) bool {
 	// Drop if routing is disabled
 	if !m.routingEnabled.Load() {
 		m.logger.Trace("Dropping routed packet (routing disabled): src=%s dst=%s",
@@ -751,13 +826,15 @@ func (m *Manager) handleRoutedTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, packe
 
 	// Pass to native stack if native router is enabled or forced
 	if m.nativeRouter.Load() {
+		m.trackInbound(d, srcIP, dstIP, nil, size)
 		return false
 	}
 
 	proto, pnum := getProtocolFromPacket(d)
 	srcPort, dstPort := getPortsFromPacket(d)
 
-	if ruleID, pass := m.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, proto, srcPort, dstPort); !pass {
+	ruleID, pass := m.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, proto, srcPort, dstPort)
+	if !pass {
 		m.logger.Trace("Dropping routed packet (ACL denied): rule_id=%s proto=%v src=%s:%d dst=%s:%d",
 			ruleID, pnum, srcIP, srcPort, dstIP, dstPort)
 
@@ -772,13 +849,23 @@ func (m *Manager) handleRoutedTraffic(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, packe
 			SourcePort: srcPort,
 			DestPort:   dstPort,
 			// TODO: icmp type/code
+			RxPackets: 1,
+			RxBytes:   uint64(size),
 		})
 		return true
 	}
 
 	// Let forwarder handle the packet if it passed route ACLs
-	if err := m.forwarder.Load().InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
-		m.logger.Error("Failed to inject incoming packet: %v", err)
+	fwd := m.forwarder.Load()
+	if fwd == nil {
+		m.logger.Trace("failed to forward routed packet (forwarder not initialized)")
+	} else {
+		fwd.RegisterRuleID(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort, ruleID)
+
+		if err := fwd.InjectIncomingPacket(packetData); err != nil {
+			m.logger.Error("Failed to inject routed packet: %v", err)
+			fwd.DeleteRuleID(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+		}
 	}
 
 	// Forwarded packets shouldn't reach the native stack, hence they won't be visible in a packet capture
@@ -809,17 +896,32 @@ func getPortsFromPacket(d *decoder) (srcPort, dstPort uint16) {
 	}
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) isValidPacket(d *decoder, packetData []byte) bool {
+// isValidPacket checks if the packet is valid.
+// It returns true, false if the packet is valid and not a fragment.
+// It returns true, true if the packet is a fragment and valid.
+func (m *Manager) isValidPacket(d *decoder, packetData []byte) (bool, bool) {
 	if err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded); err != nil {
 		m.logger.Trace("couldn't decode packet, err: %s", err)
-		return false
+		return false, false
 	}
 
-	if len(d.decoded) < 2 {
-		m.logger.Trace("packet doesn't have network and transport layers")
-		return false
+	l := len(d.decoded)
+
+	// L3 and L4 are mandatory
+	if l >= 2 {
+		return true, false
 	}
-	return true
+
+	// Fragments are also valid
+	if l == 1 && d.decoded[0] == layers.LayerTypeIPv4 {
+		ip4 := d.ip4
+		if ip4.Flags&layers.IPv4MoreFragments != 0 || ip4.FragOffset != 0 {
+			return true, true
+		}
+	}
+
+	m.logger.Trace("packet doesn't have network and transport layers")
+	return false, false
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) isValidTrackedConnection(d *decoder, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, size int) bool {
@@ -959,8 +1061,15 @@ func (m *Manager) routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, proto firewall.Protocol
 	return nil, false
 }
 
-func (m *Manager) ruleMatches(rule RouteRule, srcAddr, dstAddr netip.Addr, proto firewall.Protocol, srcPort, dstPort uint16) bool {
-	if !rule.destination.Contains(dstAddr) {
+func (m *Manager) ruleMatches(rule *RouteRule, srcAddr, dstAddr netip.Addr, proto firewall.Protocol, srcPort, dstPort uint16) bool {
+	destMatched := false
+	for _, dst := range rule.destinations {
+		if dst.Contains(dstAddr) {
+			destMatched = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !destMatched {
 		return false
 	}
 
@@ -988,11 +1097,6 @@ func (m *Manager) ruleMatches(rule RouteRule, srcAddr, dstAddr netip.Addr, proto
 	return true
 }
 
-// SetNetwork of the wireguard interface to which filtering applied
-func (m *Manager) SetNetwork(network *net.IPNet) {
-	m.wgNetwork = network
-}
-
 // AddUDPPacketHook calls hook when UDP packet from given direction matched
 //
 // Hook function returns flag which indicates should be the matched package dropped or not
@@ -1062,7 +1166,22 @@ func (m *Manager) EnableRouting() error {
 	m.mutex.Lock()
 	defer m.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	return m.determineRouting()
+	if err := m.determineRouting(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("determine routing: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if m.forwarder.Load() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	rule, err := m.blockInvalidRouted(m.wgIface)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("block invalid routed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	m.blockRule = rule
+
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
@@ -1087,5 +1206,12 @@ func (m *Manager) DisableRouting() error {
 
 	log.Debug("forwarder stopped")
 
+	if m.blockRule != nil {
+		if err := m.deleteRouteRule(m.blockRule); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("delete block rule: %w", err)
+		}
+		m.blockRule = nil
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_bench_test.go

@@ -174,11 +174,6 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 					require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 				})
 
-				manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-				}
-
 				// Apply scenario-specific setup
 				sc.setupFunc(manager)
 
@@ -193,13 +188,13 @@ func BenchmarkCoreFiltering(b *testing.B) {
 
 				// For stateful scenarios, establish the connection
 				if sc.stateful {
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(outbound, 0)
 				}
 
 				// Measure inbound packet processing
 				b.ResetTimer()
 				for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-					manager.dropFilter(inbound, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(inbound, 0)
 				}
 			})
 		}
@@ -219,18 +214,13 @@ func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			}
-
 			// Pre-populate connection table
 			srcIPs := generateRandomIPs(count)
 			dstIPs := generateRandomIPs(count)
 			for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
 				outbound := generatePacket(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(outbound, 0)
 			}
 
 			// Test packet
@@ -238,11 +228,11 @@ func BenchmarkStateScaling(b *testing.B) {
 			testIn := generatePacket(b, dstIPs[0], srcIPs[0], 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
 
 			// First establish our test connection
-			manager.processOutgoingHooks(testOut, 0)
+			manager.filterOutbound(testOut, 0)
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(testIn, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(testIn, 0)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -267,23 +257,18 @@ func BenchmarkEstablishmentOverhead(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			}
-
 			srcIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
 			dstIP := generateRandomIPs(1)[0]
 			outbound := generatePacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
 			inbound := generatePacket(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, layers.IPProtocolTCP)
 
 			if sc.established {
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(outbound, 0)
 			}
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(inbound, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(inbound, 0)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -304,10 +289,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
 			state: "new",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-				}
 				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -321,10 +302,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
 			state: "established",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-				}
 				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -339,10 +316,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
 			state: "new",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-				}
 				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -356,10 +329,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
 			state: "established",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-				}
 				b.Setenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK", "1")
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -373,10 +342,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
 			state: "new",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
-				}
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -390,10 +355,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
 			state: "established",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
-				}
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -408,10 +369,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolTCP,
 			state: "post_handshake",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
-				}
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -426,10 +383,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
 			state: "new",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
-				}
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -443,10 +396,6 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			proto: layers.IPProtocolUDP,
 			state: "established",
 			setupFunc: func(m *Manager) {
-				m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(0, 32),
-				}
 				require.NoError(b, os.Unsetenv("NB_DISABLE_CONNTRACK"))
 			},
 			genPackets: func(srcIP, dstIP net.IP) ([]byte, []byte) {
@@ -477,25 +426,25 @@ func BenchmarkRoutedNetworkReturn(b *testing.B) {
 			// For stateful cases and established connections
 			if !strings.Contains(sc.name, "allow_non_wg") ||
 				(strings.Contains(sc.state, "established") || sc.state == "post_handshake") {
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outbound, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(outbound, 0)
 
 				// For TCP post-handshake, simulate full handshake
 				if sc.state == "post_handshake" {
 					// SYN
 					syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(syn, 0)
 					// SYN-ACK
 					synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIP, srcIP, 80, 1024, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-					manager.dropFilter(synack, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(synack, 0)
 					// ACK
 					ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIP, dstIP, 1024, 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(ack, 0)
 				}
 			}
 
 			b.ResetTimer()
 			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-				manager.dropFilter(inbound, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(inbound, 0)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -593,11 +542,6 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			})
-
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
 				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
@@ -624,17 +568,17 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				// Initial SYN
 				syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(syn, 0)
 
 				// SYN-ACK
 				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
 					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.dropFilter(synack, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(synack, 0)
 
 				// ACK
 				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(ack, 0)
 			}
 
 			// Prepare test packets simulating bidirectional traffic
@@ -655,9 +599,9 @@ func BenchmarkLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 
 				// Simulate bidirectional traffic
 				// First outbound data
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx], 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(outPackets[connIdx], 0)
 				// Then inbound response - this is what we're actually measuring
-				manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(inPackets[connIdx], 0)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -681,11 +625,6 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			})
-
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
 				// Single rule to allow all return traffic from port 80
@@ -761,19 +700,19 @@ func BenchmarkShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				p := patterns[connIdx]
 
 				// Connection establishment
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn, 0)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, 0)
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(p.syn, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(p.synAck, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(p.ack, 0)
 
 				// Data transfer
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request, 0)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.response, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(p.request, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(p.response, 0)
 
 				// Connection teardown
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient, 0)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, 0)
-				manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, 0)
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(p.finClient, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(p.ackServer, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(p.finServer, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(p.ackClient, 0)
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -797,11 +736,6 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			})
-
 			// Setup initial state based on scenario
 			if sc.rules {
 				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
@@ -826,15 +760,15 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 			for i := 0; i < sc.connCount; i++ {
 				syn := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn))
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(syn, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(syn, 0)
 
 				synack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, dstIPs[i], srcIPs[i],
 					80, uint16(1024+i), uint16(conntrack.TCPSyn|conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.dropFilter(synack, 0)
+				manager.filterInbound(synack, 0)
 
 				ack := generateTCPPacketWithFlags(b, srcIPs[i], dstIPs[i],
 					uint16(1024+i), 80, uint16(conntrack.TCPAck))
-				manager.processOutgoingHooks(ack, 0)
+				manager.filterOutbound(ack, 0)
 			}
 
 			// Pre-generate test packets
@@ -856,8 +790,8 @@ func BenchmarkParallelLongLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 					counter++
 
 					// Simulate bidirectional traffic
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(outPackets[connIdx], 0)
-					manager.dropFilter(inPackets[connIdx], 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(outPackets[connIdx], 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(inPackets[connIdx], 0)
 				}
 			})
 		})
@@ -882,11 +816,6 @@ func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
 			})
 
-			manager.SetNetwork(&net.IPNet{
-				IP:   net.ParseIP("100.64.0.0"),
-				Mask: net.CIDRMask(10, 32),
-			})
-
 			if sc.rules {
 				_, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(nil, net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"), fw.ProtocolTCP, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, nil, fw.ActionAccept, "")
 				require.NoError(b, err)
@@ -950,17 +879,17 @@ func BenchmarkParallelShortLivedConnections(b *testing.B) {
 					p := patterns[connIdx]
 
 					// Full connection lifecycle
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.syn, 0)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.synAck, 0)
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ack, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(p.syn, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(p.synAck, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(p.ack, 0)
 
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.request, 0)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.response, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(p.request, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(p.response, 0)
 
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.finClient, 0)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.ackServer, 0)
-					manager.dropFilter(p.finServer, 0)
-					manager.processOutgoingHooks(p.ackClient, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(p.finClient, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(p.ackServer, 0)
+					manager.filterInbound(p.finServer, 0)
+					manager.filterOutbound(p.ackClient, 0)
 				}
 			})
 		})
@@ -1032,7 +961,8 @@ func BenchmarkRouteACLs(b *testing.B) {
 	}
 
 	for _, r := range rules {
-		_, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(nil, r.sources, r.dest, r.proto, nil, r.port, fw.ActionAccept)
+		dst := fw.Network{Prefix: r.dest}
+		_, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(nil, r.sources, dst, r.proto, nil, r.port, fw.ActionAccept)
 		if err != nil {
 			b.Fatal(err)
 		}

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_filter_test.go

@@ -15,15 +15,12 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/mocks"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 )
 
 func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
-	localIP := net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100")
-	wgNet := &net.IPNet{
-		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-	}
-
+	localIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100")
+	wgNet := netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
@@ -42,8 +39,6 @@ func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
 	})
 
-	manager.wgNetwork = wgNet
-
 	err = manager.UpdateLocalIPs()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
@@ -188,16 +183,313 @@ func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
 			shouldBeBlocked: true,
 		},
+		{
+			name:            "Allow TCP traffic without port specification",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Allow UDP traffic without port specification",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         53,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "TCP packet doesn't match UDP filter with same port",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "UDP packet doesn't match TCP filter with same port",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "ICMP packet doesn't match TCP filter",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "ICMP packet doesn't match UDP filter",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Allow TCP traffic within port range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         8080,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Block TCP traffic outside port range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         7999,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Edge Case - Port at Range Boundary",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         8100,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "UDP Port Range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         5060,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{5060, 5070}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Allow multiple destination ports",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         8080,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80, 8080, 443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Allow multiple source ports",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         80,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleSrcPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{12345, 12346, 12347}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionAccept,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		// New drop test cases
+		{
+			name:            "Drop TCP traffic from WG peer",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop UDP traffic from WG peer",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         53,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop ICMP traffic from WG peer",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop all traffic from WG peer",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolALL,
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop traffic from multiple source ports",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         80,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleSrcPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{12345, 12346, 12347}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop multiple destination ports",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         8080,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80, 8080, 443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop TCP traffic within port range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         8080,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Accept TCP traffic outside drop port range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         7999,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Drop TCP traffic with source port range",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         32100,
+			dstPort:         80,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleSrcPort:     &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{32000, 33000}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:            "Mixed rule - drop specific port but allow other ports",
+			srcIP:           "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:           "100.10.0.100",
+			proto:           fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort:         12345,
+			dstPort:         443,
+			ruleIP:          "100.10.0.1",
+			ruleProto:       fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			ruleDstPort:     &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
+			ruleAction:      fw.ActionDrop,
+			shouldBeBlocked: true,
+		},
 	}
 
 	t.Run("Implicit DROP (no rules)", func(t *testing.T) {
 		packet := createTestPacket(t, "100.10.0.1", "100.10.0.100", fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 443)
-		isDropped := manager.DropIncoming(packet, 0)
+		isDropped := manager.FilterInbound(packet, 0)
 		require.True(t, isDropped, "Packet should be dropped when no rules exist")
 	})
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+
+			if tc.ruleAction == fw.ActionDrop {
+				// add general accept rule to test drop rule
+				// TODO: this only works because 0.0.0.0 is tested last, we need to implement order
+				rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(
+					nil,
+					net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0"),
+					fw.ProtocolALL,
+					nil,
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept,
+					"",
+				)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.NotEmpty(t, rules)
+				t.Cleanup(func() {
+					for _, rule := range rules {
+						require.NoError(t, manager.DeletePeerRule(rule))
+					}
+				})
+			}
+
 			rules, err := manager.AddPeerFiltering(
 				nil,
 				net.ParseIP(tc.ruleIP),
@@ -217,7 +509,7 @@ func TestPeerACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			})
 
 			packet := createTestPacket(t, tc.srcIP, tc.dstIP, tc.proto, tc.srcPort, tc.dstPort)
-			isDropped := manager.DropIncoming(packet, 0)
+			isDropped := manager.FilterInbound(packet, 0)
 			require.Equal(t, tc.shouldBeBlocked, isDropped)
 		})
 	}
@@ -283,14 +575,13 @@ func setupRoutedManager(tb testing.TB, network string) *Manager {
 	dev := mocks.NewMockDevice(ctrl)
 	dev.EXPECT().MTU().Return(1500, nil).AnyTimes()
 
-	localIP, wgNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(network)
-	require.NoError(tb, err)
+	wgNet := netip.MustParsePrefix(network)
 
 	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP:      localIP,
+				IP:      wgNet.Addr(),
 				Network: wgNet,
 			}
 		},
@@ -303,8 +594,8 @@ func setupRoutedManager(tb testing.TB, network string) *Manager {
 	}
 
 	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger)
-	require.NoError(tb, manager.EnableRouting())
 	require.NoError(tb, err)
+	require.NoError(tb, manager.EnableRouting())
 	require.NotNil(tb, manager)
 	require.True(tb, manager.routingEnabled.Load())
 	require.False(tb, manager.nativeRouter.Load())
@@ -321,7 +612,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 
 	type rule struct {
 		sources []netip.Prefix
-		dest    netip.Prefix
+		dest    fw.Network
 		proto   fw.Protocol
 		srcPort *fw.Port
 		dstPort *fw.Port
@@ -347,7 +638,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 443,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -363,7 +654,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 443,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -379,7 +670,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 443,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -395,7 +686,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 53,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{53}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -409,7 +700,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			proto: fw.ProtocolICMP,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolICMP,
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
 			},
@@ -424,7 +715,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -440,7 +731,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 8080,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -456,7 +747,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -472,7 +763,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -488,7 +779,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				srcPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{12345}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -507,7 +798,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 					netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
 					netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
 				},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -521,7 +812,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			proto: fw.ProtocolICMP,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
 			},
@@ -536,33 +827,13 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
 			},
 			shouldPass: true,
 		},
-		{
-			name:  "Multiple source networks with mismatched protocol",
-			srcIP: "172.16.0.1",
-			dstIP: "192.168.1.100",
-			// Should not match TCP rule
-			proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
-			srcPort: 12345,
-			dstPort: 80,
-			rule: rule{
-				sources: []netip.Prefix{
-					netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
-					netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
-				},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
-				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
-				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
-				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
-			},
-			shouldPass: false,
-		},
 		{
 			name:    "Allow multiple destination ports",
 			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
@@ -572,7 +843,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 8080,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80, 8080, 443}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -588,7 +859,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				srcPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{12345, 12346, 12347}},
 				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -604,7 +875,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				srcPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{12345}},
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
@@ -621,7 +892,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 8080,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -640,7 +911,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 7999,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -659,7 +930,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				srcPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -678,7 +949,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 443,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				srcPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -700,7 +971,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 8100,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -719,7 +990,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 5060,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -738,7 +1009,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 8080,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{
 					IsRange: true,
@@ -757,7 +1028,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 443,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 				action:  fw.ActionDrop,
@@ -773,7 +1044,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			dstPort: 80,
 			rule: rule{
 				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 				action:  fw.ActionDrop,
 			},
@@ -791,17 +1062,158 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 					netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
 					netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
 				},
-				dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 				action:  fw.ActionDrop,
 			},
 			shouldPass: false,
 		},
+
+		{
+			name:    "Drop empty destination set",
+			srcIP:   "172.16.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 80,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{
+					netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+				},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Set: fw.Set{}},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Accept TCP traffic outside drop port range",
+			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 7999,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+				dstPort: &fw.Port{IsRange: true, Values: []uint16{8000, 8100}},
+				action:  fw.ActionDrop,
+			},
+			shouldPass: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Allow TCP traffic without port specification",
+			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 443,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "Allow UDP traffic without port specification",
+			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 53,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "TCP packet doesn't match UDP filter with same port",
+			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 80,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "UDP packet doesn't match TCP filter with same port",
+			srcIP:   "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP:   "192.168.1.100",
+			proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+			srcPort: 12345,
+			dstPort: 80,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+				dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "ICMP packet doesn't match TCP filter",
+			srcIP: "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP: "192.168.1.100",
+			proto: fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "ICMP packet doesn't match UDP filter",
+			srcIP: "100.10.0.1",
+			dstIP: "192.168.1.100",
+			proto: fw.ProtocolICMP,
+			rule: rule{
+				sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
+				dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
+				proto:   fw.ProtocolUDP,
+				action:  fw.ActionAccept,
+			},
+			shouldPass: false,
+		},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			if tc.rule.action == fw.ActionDrop {
+				// add general accept rule to test drop rule
+				rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+					nil,
+					[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+					fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+					fw.ProtocolALL,
+					nil,
+					nil,
+					fw.ActionAccept,
+				)
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				require.NotNil(t, rule)
+				t.Cleanup(func() {
+					require.NoError(t, manager.DeleteRouteRule(rule))
+				})
+			}
+
 			rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
 				nil,
 				tc.rule.sources,
@@ -821,7 +1233,7 @@ func TestRouteACLFiltering(t *testing.T) {
 			srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr(tc.srcIP)
 			dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr(tc.dstIP)
 
-			// testing routeACLsPass only and not DropIncoming, as routed packets are dropped after being passed
+			// testing routeACLsPass only and not FilterInbound, as routed packets are dropped after being passed
 			// to the forwarder
 			_, isAllowed := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, tc.proto, tc.srcPort, tc.dstPort)
 			require.Equal(t, tc.shouldPass, isAllowed)
@@ -836,7 +1248,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 		name  string
 		rules []struct {
 			sources []netip.Prefix
-			dest    netip.Prefix
+			dest    fw.Network
 			proto   fw.Protocol
 			srcPort *fw.Port
 			dstPort *fw.Port
@@ -857,7 +1269,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 			name: "Drop rules take precedence over accept",
 			rules: []struct {
 				sources []netip.Prefix
-				dest    netip.Prefix
+				dest    fw.Network
 				proto   fw.Protocol
 				srcPort *fw.Port
 				dstPort *fw.Port
@@ -866,7 +1278,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					// Accept rule added first
 					sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-					dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+					dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 					proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 					dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80, 443}},
 					action:  fw.ActionAccept,
@@ -874,7 +1286,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					// Drop rule added second but should be evaluated first
 					sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-					dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+					dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 					proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 					dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 					action:  fw.ActionDrop,
@@ -912,7 +1324,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 			name: "Multiple drop rules take precedence",
 			rules: []struct {
 				sources []netip.Prefix
-				dest    netip.Prefix
+				dest    fw.Network
 				proto   fw.Protocol
 				srcPort *fw.Port
 				dstPort *fw.Port
@@ -921,14 +1333,14 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					// Accept all
 					sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
-					dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0"),
+					dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
 					proto:   fw.ProtocolALL,
 					action:  fw.ActionAccept,
 				},
 				{
 					// Drop specific port
 					sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-					dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+					dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 					proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 					dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{443}},
 					action:  fw.ActionDrop,
@@ -936,7 +1348,7 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 				{
 					// Drop different port
 					sources: []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16")},
-					dest:    netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+					dest:    fw.Network{Prefix: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")},
 					proto:   fw.ProtocolTCP,
 					dstPort: &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}},
 					action:  fw.ActionDrop,
@@ -1015,3 +1427,50 @@ func TestRouteACLOrder(t *testing.T) {
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestRouteACLSet(t *testing.T) {
+	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
+			return wgaddr.Address{
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
+			}
+		},
+	}
+
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
+	})
+
+	set := fw.NewDomainSet(domain.List{"example.org"})
+
+	// Add rule that uses the set (initially empty)
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+		nil,
+		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+		fw.Network{Set: set},
+		fw.ProtocolTCP,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		fw.ActionAccept,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, rule)
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+
+	// Check that traffic is dropped (empty set shouldn't match anything)
+	_, isAllowed := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	require.False(t, isAllowed, "Empty set should not allow any traffic")
+
+	err = manager.UpdateSet(set, []netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24")})
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Now the packet should be allowed
+	_, isAllowed = manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	require.True(t, isAllowed, "After set update, traffic to the added network should be allowed")
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/filter_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package uspfilter
 
 import (
-	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -21,10 +20,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/management/domain"
 )
 
 var logger = log.NewFromLogrus(logrus.StandardLogger())
-var flowLogger = netflow.NewManager(context.Background(), nil, []byte{}, nil).GetLogger()
+var flowLogger = netflow.NewManager(nil, []byte{}, nil).GetLogger()
 
 type IFaceMock struct {
 	SetFilterFunc   func(device.PacketFilter) error
@@ -271,11 +271,8 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 		AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 			return wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
 			}
 		},
 	}
@@ -285,10 +282,6 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("failed to create Manager: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	m.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-	}
 
 	ip := net.ParseIP("0.0.0.0")
 	proto := fw.ProtocolUDP
@@ -328,7 +321,7 @@ func TestNotMatchByIP(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if m.dropFilter(buf.Bytes(), 0) {
+	if m.filterInbound(buf.Bytes(), 0) {
 		t.Errorf("expected packet to be accepted")
 		return
 	}
@@ -396,10 +389,6 @@ func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
 	}, false, flowLogger)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-	}
 	manager.udpTracker.Close()
 	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(100*time.Millisecond, logger, flowLogger)
 	defer func() {
@@ -458,7 +447,7 @@ func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Test hook gets called
-	result := manager.processOutgoingHooks(buf.Bytes(), 0)
+	result := manager.filterOutbound(buf.Bytes(), 0)
 	require.True(t, result)
 	require.True(t, hookCalled)
 
@@ -468,7 +457,7 @@ func TestProcessOutgoingHooks(t *testing.T) {
 	err = gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	result = manager.processOutgoingHooks(buf.Bytes(), 0)
+	result = manager.filterOutbound(buf.Bytes(), 0)
 	require.False(t, result)
 }
 
@@ -509,11 +498,6 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	}, false, flowLogger)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
-	manager.wgNetwork = &net.IPNet{
-		IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-		Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-	}
-
 	manager.udpTracker.Close() // Close the existing tracker
 	manager.udpTracker = conntrack.NewUDPTracker(200*time.Millisecond, logger, flowLogger)
 	manager.decoders = sync.Pool{
@@ -569,7 +553,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	// Process outbound packet and verify connection tracking
-	drop := manager.DropOutgoing(outboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
+	drop := manager.FilterOutbound(outboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
 	require.False(t, drop, "Initial outbound packet should not be dropped")
 
 	// Verify connection was tracked
@@ -636,7 +620,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, cp := range checkPoints {
 		time.Sleep(cp.sleep)
 
-		drop = manager.dropFilter(inboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
+		drop = manager.filterInbound(inboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
 		require.Equal(t, cp.shouldAllow, !drop, cp.description)
 
 		// If the connection should still be valid, verify it exists
@@ -685,7 +669,7 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Create a new outbound connection for invalid tests
-	drop = manager.processOutgoingHooks(outboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
+	drop = manager.filterOutbound(outboundBuf.Bytes(), 0)
 	require.False(t, drop, "Second outbound packet should not be dropped")
 
 	for _, tc := range invalidCases {
@@ -707,8 +691,208 @@ func TestStatefulFirewall_UDPTracking(t *testing.T) {
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			// Verify the invalid packet is dropped
-			drop = manager.dropFilter(testBuf.Bytes(), 0)
+			drop = manager.filterInbound(testBuf.Bytes(), 0)
 			require.True(t, drop, tc.description)
 		})
 	}
 }
+
+func TestUpdateSetMerge(t *testing.T) {
+	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}
+
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
+	})
+
+	set := fw.NewDomainSet(domain.List{"example.org"})
+
+	initialPrefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+	}
+
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+		nil,
+		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+		fw.Network{Set: set},
+		fw.ProtocolTCP,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		fw.ActionAccept,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, rule)
+
+	// Update the set with initial prefixes
+	err = manager.UpdateSet(set, initialPrefixes)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Test initial prefixes work
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.1")
+	dstIP1 := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100")
+	dstIP2 := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+	dstIP3 := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.100")
+
+	_, isAllowed1 := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP1, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	_, isAllowed2 := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP2, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	_, isAllowed3 := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP3, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+
+	require.True(t, isAllowed1, "Traffic to 10.0.0.100 should be allowed")
+	require.True(t, isAllowed2, "Traffic to 192.168.1.100 should be allowed")
+	require.False(t, isAllowed3, "Traffic to 172.16.0.100 should be denied")
+
+	newPrefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("172.16.0.0/16"),
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.1.0.0/24"),
+	}
+
+	err = manager.UpdateSet(set, newPrefixes)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Check that all original prefixes are still included
+	_, isAllowed1 = manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP1, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	_, isAllowed2 = manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP2, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	require.True(t, isAllowed1, "Traffic to 10.0.0.100 should still be allowed after update")
+	require.True(t, isAllowed2, "Traffic to 192.168.1.100 should still be allowed after update")
+
+	// Check that new prefixes are included
+	dstIP4 := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.1.100")
+	dstIP5 := netip.MustParseAddr("10.1.0.50")
+
+	_, isAllowed4 := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP4, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+	_, isAllowed5 := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, dstIP5, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+
+	require.True(t, isAllowed4, "Traffic to new prefix 172.16.0.0/16 should be allowed")
+	require.True(t, isAllowed5, "Traffic to new prefix 10.1.0.0/24 should be allowed")
+
+	// Verify the rule has all prefixes
+	manager.mutex.RLock()
+	foundRule := false
+	for _, r := range manager.routeRules {
+		if r.id == rule.ID() {
+			foundRule = true
+			require.Len(t, r.destinations, len(initialPrefixes)+len(newPrefixes),
+				"Rule should have all prefixes merged")
+		}
+	}
+	manager.mutex.RUnlock()
+	require.True(t, foundRule, "Rule should be found")
+}
+
+func TestUpdateSetDeduplication(t *testing.T) {
+	ifaceMock := &IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}
+
+	manager, err := Create(ifaceMock, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
+	})
+
+	set := fw.NewDomainSet(domain.List{"example.org"})
+
+	rule, err := manager.AddRouteFiltering(
+		nil,
+		[]netip.Prefix{netip.MustParsePrefix("0.0.0.0/0")},
+		fw.Network{Set: set},
+		fw.ProtocolTCP,
+		nil,
+		nil,
+		fw.ActionAccept,
+	)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NotNil(t, rule)
+
+	initialPrefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"), // Duplicate
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"), // Duplicate
+	}
+
+	err = manager.UpdateSet(set, initialPrefixes)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Check the internal state for deduplication
+	manager.mutex.RLock()
+	foundRule := false
+	for _, r := range manager.routeRules {
+		if r.id == rule.ID() {
+			foundRule = true
+			// Should have deduplicated to 2 prefixes
+			require.Len(t, r.destinations, 2, "Duplicate prefixes should be removed")
+
+			// Check the prefixes are correct
+			expectedPrefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),
+				netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			}
+			for i, prefix := range expectedPrefixes {
+				require.True(t, r.destinations[i] == prefix,
+					"Prefix should match expected value")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	manager.mutex.RUnlock()
+	require.True(t, foundRule, "Rule should be found")
+
+	// Test with overlapping prefixes of different sizes
+	overlappingPrefixes := []netip.Prefix{
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/16"),    // More general
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("10.0.0.0/24"),    // More specific (already exists)
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.0.0/16"), // More general
+		netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"), // More specific (already exists)
+	}
+
+	err = manager.UpdateSet(set, overlappingPrefixes)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Check that all prefixes are included (no deduplication of overlapping prefixes)
+	manager.mutex.RLock()
+	for _, r := range manager.routeRules {
+		if r.id == rule.ID() {
+			// Should have all 4 prefixes (2 original + 2 new more general ones)
+			require.Len(t, r.destinations, 4,
+				"Overlapping prefixes should not be deduplicated")
+
+			// Verify they're sorted correctly (more specific prefixes should come first)
+			prefixes := make([]string, 0, len(r.destinations))
+			for _, p := range r.destinations {
+				prefixes = append(prefixes, p.String())
+			}
+
+			// Check sorted order
+			require.Equal(t, []string{
+				"10.0.0.0/16",
+				"10.0.0.0/24",
+				"192.168.0.0/16",
+				"192.168.1.0/24",
+			}, prefixes, "Prefixes should be sorted")
+		}
+	}
+	manager.mutex.RUnlock()
+
+	// Test functionality with all prefixes
+	testCases := []struct {
+		dstIP    netip.Addr
+		expected bool
+		desc     string
+	}{
+		{netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100"), true, "IP in both /16 and /24"},
+		{netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.1.100"), true, "IP only in /16"},
+		{netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100"), true, "IP in both /16 and /24"},
+		{netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.2.100"), true, "IP only in /16"},
+		{netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.100"), false, "IP not in any prefix"},
+	}
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.1")
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		_, isAllowed := manager.routeACLsPass(srcIP, tc.dstIP, fw.ProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+		require.Equal(t, tc.expected, isAllowed, tc.desc)
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/endpoint.go

@@ -86,5 +86,5 @@ type epID stack.TransportEndpointID
 
 func (i epID) String() string {
 	// src and remote is swapped
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d -> %s:%d", i.RemoteAddress, i.RemotePort, i.LocalAddress, i.LocalPort)
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d → %s:%d", i.RemoteAddress, i.RemotePort, i.LocalAddress, i.LocalPort)
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/forwarder.go

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"runtime"
+	"sync"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/buffer"
@@ -17,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/transport/udp"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/common"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/conntrack"
 	nblog "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/uspfilter/log"
 	nftypes "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/internal/netflow/types"
 )
@@ -29,14 +32,16 @@ const (
 )
 
 type Forwarder struct {
-	logger       *nblog.Logger
-	flowLogger   nftypes.FlowLogger
+	logger     *nblog.Logger
+	flowLogger nftypes.FlowLogger
+	// ruleIdMap is used to store the rule ID for a given connection
+	ruleIdMap    sync.Map
 	stack        *stack.Stack
 	endpoint     *endpoint
 	udpForwarder *udpForwarder
 	ctx          context.Context
 	cancel       context.CancelFunc
-	ip           net.IP
+	ip           tcpip.Address
 	netstack     bool
 }
 
@@ -66,12 +71,11 @@ func New(iface common.IFaceMapper, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.Flow
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create NIC: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	ones, _ := iface.Address().Network.Mask.Size()
 	protoAddr := tcpip.ProtocolAddress{
 		Protocol: ipv4.ProtocolNumber,
 		AddressWithPrefix: tcpip.AddressWithPrefix{
-			Address:   tcpip.AddrFromSlice(iface.Address().IP.To4()),
-			PrefixLen: ones,
+			Address:   tcpip.AddrFromSlice(iface.Address().IP.AsSlice()),
+			PrefixLen: iface.Address().Network.Bits(),
 		},
 	}
 
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ func New(iface common.IFaceMapper, logger *nblog.Logger, flowLogger nftypes.Flow
 		ctx:          ctx,
 		cancel:       cancel,
 		netstack:     netstack,
-		ip:           iface.Address().IP,
+		ip:           tcpip.AddrFromSlice(iface.Address().IP.AsSlice()),
 	}
 
 	receiveWindow := defaultReceiveWindow
@@ -162,8 +166,39 @@ func (f *Forwarder) Stop() {
 }
 
 func (f *Forwarder) determineDialAddr(addr tcpip.Address) net.IP {
-	if f.netstack && f.ip.Equal(addr.AsSlice()) {
+	if f.netstack && f.ip.Equal(addr) {
 		return net.IPv4(127, 0, 0, 1)
 	}
 	return addr.AsSlice()
 }
+
+func (f *Forwarder) RegisterRuleID(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16, ruleID []byte) {
+	key := buildKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)
+	f.ruleIdMap.LoadOrStore(key, ruleID)
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) getRuleID(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16) ([]byte, bool) {
+	if value, ok := f.ruleIdMap.Load(buildKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)); ok {
+		return value.([]byte), true
+	} else if value, ok := f.ruleIdMap.Load(buildKey(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort)); ok {
+		return value.([]byte), true
+	}
+
+	return nil, false
+}
+
+func (f *Forwarder) DeleteRuleID(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16) {
+	if _, ok := f.ruleIdMap.LoadAndDelete(buildKey(srcIP, dstIP, srcPort, dstPort)); ok {
+		return
+	}
+	f.ruleIdMap.LoadAndDelete(buildKey(dstIP, srcIP, dstPort, srcPort))
+}
+
+func buildKey(srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, srcPort, dstPort uint16) conntrack.ConnKey {
+	return conntrack.ConnKey{
+		SrcIP:   srcIP,
+		DstIP:   dstIP,
+		SrcPort: srcPort,
+		DstPort: dstPort,
+	}
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/icmp.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleICMP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, pkt stack.PacketBuf
 	}
 
 	flowID := uuid.New()
-	f.sendICMPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, icmpType, icmpCode)
+	f.sendICMPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, icmpType, icmpCode, 0, 0)
 
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(f.ctx, 5*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
@@ -34,14 +34,14 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleICMP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, pkt stack.PacketBuf
 	// TODO: support non-root
 	conn, err := lc.ListenPacket(ctx, "ip4:icmp", "0.0.0.0")
 	if err != nil {
-		f.logger.Error("Failed to create ICMP socket for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
+		f.logger.Error("forwarder: Failed to create ICMP socket for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
 
 		// This will make netstack reply on behalf of the original destination, that's ok for now
 		return false
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
-			f.logger.Debug("Failed to close ICMP socket: %v", err)
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: Failed to close ICMP socket: %v", err)
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -52,36 +52,37 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleICMP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, pkt stack.PacketBuf
 	payload := fullPacket.AsSlice()
 
 	if _, err = conn.WriteTo(payload, dst); err != nil {
-		f.logger.Error("Failed to write ICMP packet for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
+		f.logger.Error("forwarder: Failed to write ICMP packet for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
 		return true
 	}
 
-	f.logger.Trace("Forwarded ICMP packet %v type %v code %v",
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: Forwarded ICMP packet %v type %v code %v",
 		epID(id), icmpHdr.Type(), icmpHdr.Code())
 
 	// For Echo Requests, send and handle response
 	if header.ICMPv4Type(icmpType) == header.ICMPv4Echo {
-		f.handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr, conn, id)
-		f.sendICMPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, icmpType, icmpCode)
+		rxBytes := pkt.Size()
+		txBytes := f.handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr, conn, id)
+		f.sendICMPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, icmpType, icmpCode, uint64(rxBytes), uint64(txBytes))
 	}
 
 	// For other ICMP types (Time Exceeded, Destination Unreachable, etc) do nothing
 	return true
 }
 
-func (f *Forwarder) handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr header.ICMPv4, conn net.PacketConn, id stack.TransportEndpointID) {
+func (f *Forwarder) handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr header.ICMPv4, conn net.PacketConn, id stack.TransportEndpointID) int {
 	if err := conn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second)); err != nil {
-		f.logger.Error("Failed to set read deadline for ICMP response: %v", err)
-		return
+		f.logger.Error("forwarder: Failed to set read deadline for ICMP response: %v", err)
+		return 0
 	}
 
 	response := make([]byte, f.endpoint.mtu)
 	n, _, err := conn.ReadFrom(response)
 	if err != nil {
 		if !isTimeout(err) {
-			f.logger.Error("Failed to read ICMP response: %v", err)
+			f.logger.Error("forwarder: Failed to read ICMP response: %v", err)
 		}
-		return
+		return 0
 	}
 
 	ipHdr := make([]byte, header.IPv4MinimumSize)
@@ -100,28 +101,54 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleEchoResponse(icmpHdr header.ICMPv4, conn net.PacketCon
 	fullPacket = append(fullPacket, response[:n]...)
 
 	if err := f.InjectIncomingPacket(fullPacket); err != nil {
-		f.logger.Error("Failed to inject ICMP response: %v", err)
+		f.logger.Error("forwarder: Failed to inject ICMP response: %v", err)
 
-		return
+		return 0
 	}
 
-	f.logger.Trace("Forwarded ICMP echo reply for %v type %v code %v",
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: Forwarded ICMP echo reply for %v type %v code %v",
 		epID(id), icmpHdr.Type(), icmpHdr.Code())
+
+	return len(fullPacket)
 }
 
 // sendICMPEvent stores flow events for ICMP packets
-func (f *Forwarder) sendICMPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, icmpType, icmpCode uint8) {
-	f.flowLogger.StoreEvent(nftypes.EventFields{
+func (f *Forwarder) sendICMPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, icmpType, icmpCode uint8, rxBytes, txBytes uint64) {
+	var rxPackets, txPackets uint64
+	if rxBytes > 0 {
+		rxPackets = 1
+	}
+	if txBytes > 0 {
+		txPackets = 1
+	}
+
+	srcIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4())
+	dstIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4())
+
+	fields := nftypes.EventFields{
 		FlowID:    flowID,
 		Type:      typ,
 		Direction: nftypes.Ingress,
 		Protocol:  nftypes.ICMP,
 		// TODO: handle ipv6
-		SourceIP: netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4()),
-		DestIP:   netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4()),
+		SourceIP: srcIp,
+		DestIP:   dstIp,
 		ICMPType: icmpType,
 		ICMPCode: icmpCode,
 
-		// TODO: get packets/bytes
-	})
+		RxBytes:   rxBytes,
+		TxBytes:   txBytes,
+		RxPackets: rxPackets,
+		TxPackets: txPackets,
+	}
+
+	if typ == nftypes.TypeStart {
+		if ruleId, ok := f.getRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort); ok {
+			fields.RuleID = ruleId
+		}
+	} else {
+		f.DeleteRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort)
+	}
+
+	f.flowLogger.StoreEvent(fields)
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/tcp.go

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/adapters/gonet"
 	"gvisor.dev/gvisor/pkg/tcpip/stack"
@@ -23,11 +25,11 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleTCP(r *tcp.ForwarderRequest) {
 
 	flowID := uuid.New()
 
-	f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, nil)
+	f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 	var success bool
 	defer func() {
 		if !success {
-			f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, nil)
+			f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -65,67 +67,97 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleTCP(r *tcp.ForwarderRequest) {
 }
 
 func (f *Forwarder) proxyTCP(id stack.TransportEndpointID, inConn *gonet.TCPConn, outConn net.Conn, ep tcpip.Endpoint, flowID uuid.UUID) {
-	defer func() {
-		if err := inConn.Close(); err != nil {
-			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: inConn close error: %v", err)
-		}
-		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
-			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: outConn close error: %v", err)
-		}
-		ep.Close()
 
-		f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, ep)
-	}()
-
-	// Create context for managing the proxy goroutines
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(f.ctx)
 	defer cancel()
 
-	errChan := make(chan error, 2)
-
 	go func() {
-		_, err := io.Copy(outConn, inConn)
-		errChan <- err
-	}()
-
-	go func() {
-		_, err := io.Copy(inConn, outConn)
-		errChan <- err
-	}()
-
-	select {
-	case <-ctx.Done():
-		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down TCP connection %v due to context done", epID(id))
-		return
-	case err := <-errChan:
-		if err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
-			f.logger.Error("proxyTCP: copy error: %v", err)
+		<-ctx.Done()
+		// Close connections and endpoint.
+		if err := inConn.Close(); err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: inConn close error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
+			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: outConn close error: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		ep.Close()
+	}()
+
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(2)
+
+	var (
+		bytesFromInToOut int64 // bytes from client to server (tx for client)
+		bytesFromOutToIn int64 // bytes from server to client (rx for client)
+		errInToOut       error
+		errOutToIn       error
+	)
+
+	go func() {
+		bytesFromInToOut, errInToOut = io.Copy(outConn, inConn)
+		cancel()
+		wg.Done()
+	}()
+
+	go func() {
+
+		bytesFromOutToIn, errOutToIn = io.Copy(inConn, outConn)
+		cancel()
+		wg.Done()
+	}()
+
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	if errInToOut != nil {
+		if !isClosedError(errInToOut) {
+			f.logger.Error("proxyTCP: copy error (in → out) for %s: %v", epID(id), errInToOut)
 		}
-		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down TCP connection %v", epID(id))
-		return
 	}
+	if errOutToIn != nil {
+		if !isClosedError(errOutToIn) {
+			f.logger.Error("proxyTCP: copy error (out → in) for %s: %v", epID(id), errOutToIn)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var rxPackets, txPackets uint64
+	if tcpStats, ok := ep.Stats().(*tcp.Stats); ok {
+		// fields are flipped since this is the in conn
+		rxPackets = tcpStats.SegmentsSent.Value()
+		txPackets = tcpStats.SegmentsReceived.Value()
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: Removed TCP connection %s [in: %d Pkts/%d B, out: %d Pkts/%d B]", epID(id), rxPackets, bytesFromOutToIn, txPackets, bytesFromInToOut)
+
+	f.sendTCPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, uint64(bytesFromOutToIn), uint64(bytesFromInToOut), rxPackets, txPackets)
 }
 
-func (f *Forwarder) sendTCPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, ep tcpip.Endpoint) {
+func (f *Forwarder) sendTCPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, rxBytes, txBytes, rxPackets, txPackets uint64) {
+	srcIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4())
+	dstIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4())
+
 	fields := nftypes.EventFields{
 		FlowID:    flowID,
 		Type:      typ,
 		Direction: nftypes.Ingress,
 		Protocol:  nftypes.TCP,
 		// TODO: handle ipv6
-		SourceIP:   netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4()),
-		DestIP:     netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4()),
+		SourceIP:   srcIp,
+		DestIP:     dstIp,
 		SourcePort: id.RemotePort,
 		DestPort:   id.LocalPort,
+		RxBytes:    rxBytes,
+		TxBytes:    txBytes,
+		RxPackets:  rxPackets,
+		TxPackets:  txPackets,
 	}
 
-	if ep != nil {
-		if tcpStats, ok := ep.Stats().(*tcp.Stats); ok {
-			// fields are flipped since this is the in conn
-			// TODO: get bytes
-			fields.RxPackets = tcpStats.SegmentsSent.Value()
-			fields.TxPackets = tcpStats.SegmentsReceived.Value()
+	if typ == nftypes.TypeStart {
+		if ruleId, ok := f.getRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort); ok {
+			fields.RuleID = ruleId
 		}
+	} else {
+		f.DeleteRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort)
 	}
 
 	f.flowLogger.StoreEvent(fields)

client/firewall/uspfilter/forwarder/udp.go

@@ -149,11 +149,11 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleUDP(r *udp.ForwarderRequest) {
 
 	flowID := uuid.New()
 
-	f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, nil)
+	f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeStart, flowID, id, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 	var success bool
 	defer func() {
 		if !success {
-			f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, nil)
+			f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, flowID, id, 0, 0, 0, 0)
 		}
 	}()
 
@@ -199,7 +199,6 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleUDP(r *udp.ForwarderRequest) {
 		if err := outConn.Close(); err != nil {
 			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
 		}
-
 		return
 	}
 	f.udpForwarder.conns[id] = pConn
@@ -212,68 +211,94 @@ func (f *Forwarder) handleUDP(r *udp.ForwarderRequest) {
 }
 
 func (f *Forwarder) proxyUDP(ctx context.Context, pConn *udpPacketConn, id stack.TransportEndpointID, ep tcpip.Endpoint) {
-	defer func() {
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(f.ctx)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	go func() {
+		<-ctx.Done()
+
 		pConn.cancel()
-		if err := pConn.conn.Close(); err != nil {
+		if err := pConn.conn.Close(); err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
 			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP inConn close error for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
 		}
-		if err := pConn.outConn.Close(); err != nil {
+		if err := pConn.outConn.Close(); err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
 			f.logger.Debug("forwarder: UDP outConn close error for %v: %v", epID(id), err)
 		}
 
 		ep.Close()
-
-		f.udpForwarder.Lock()
-		delete(f.udpForwarder.conns, id)
-		f.udpForwarder.Unlock()
-
-		f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, pConn.flowID, id, ep)
 	}()
 
-	errChan := make(chan error, 2)
+	var wg sync.WaitGroup
+	wg.Add(2)
 
+	var txBytes, rxBytes int64
+	var outboundErr, inboundErr error
+
+	// outbound->inbound: copy from pConn.conn to pConn.outConn
 	go func() {
-		errChan <- pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.conn, pConn.outConn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "outbound->inbound")
+		defer wg.Done()
+		txBytes, outboundErr = pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.conn, pConn.outConn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "outbound->inbound")
 	}()
 
+	// inbound->outbound: copy from pConn.outConn to pConn.conn
 	go func() {
-		errChan <- pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.outConn, pConn.conn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "inbound->outbound")
+		defer wg.Done()
+		rxBytes, inboundErr = pConn.copy(ctx, pConn.outConn, pConn.conn, &f.udpForwarder.bufPool, "inbound->outbound")
 	}()
 
-	select {
-	case <-ctx.Done():
-		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down UDP connection %v due to context done", epID(id))
-		return
-	case err := <-errChan:
-		if err != nil && !isClosedError(err) {
-			f.logger.Error("proxyUDP: copy error: %v", err)
-		}
-		f.logger.Trace("forwarder: tearing down UDP connection %v", epID(id))
-		return
+	wg.Wait()
+
+	if outboundErr != nil && !isClosedError(outboundErr) {
+		f.logger.Error("proxyUDP: copy error (outbound→inbound) for %s: %v", epID(id), outboundErr)
 	}
+	if inboundErr != nil && !isClosedError(inboundErr) {
+		f.logger.Error("proxyUDP: copy error (inbound→outbound) for %s: %v", epID(id), inboundErr)
+	}
+
+	var rxPackets, txPackets uint64
+	if udpStats, ok := ep.Stats().(*tcpip.TransportEndpointStats); ok {
+		// fields are flipped since this is the in conn
+		rxPackets = udpStats.PacketsSent.Value()
+		txPackets = udpStats.PacketsReceived.Value()
+	}
+
+	f.logger.Trace("forwarder: Removed UDP connection %s [in: %d Pkts/%d B, out: %d Pkts/%d B]", epID(id), rxPackets, rxBytes, txPackets, txBytes)
+
+	f.udpForwarder.Lock()
+	delete(f.udpForwarder.conns, id)
+	f.udpForwarder.Unlock()
+
+	f.sendUDPEvent(nftypes.TypeEnd, pConn.flowID, id, uint64(rxBytes), uint64(txBytes), rxPackets, txPackets)
 }
 
 // sendUDPEvent stores flow events for UDP connections
-func (f *Forwarder) sendUDPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, ep tcpip.Endpoint) {
+func (f *Forwarder) sendUDPEvent(typ nftypes.Type, flowID uuid.UUID, id stack.TransportEndpointID, rxBytes, txBytes, rxPackets, txPackets uint64) {
+	srcIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4())
+	dstIp := netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4())
+
 	fields := nftypes.EventFields{
 		FlowID:    flowID,
 		Type:      typ,
 		Direction: nftypes.Ingress,
 		Protocol:  nftypes.UDP,
 		// TODO: handle ipv6
-		SourceIP:   netip.AddrFrom4(id.RemoteAddress.As4()),
-		DestIP:     netip.AddrFrom4(id.LocalAddress.As4()),
+		SourceIP:   srcIp,
+		DestIP:     dstIp,
 		SourcePort: id.RemotePort,
 		DestPort:   id.LocalPort,
+		RxBytes:    rxBytes,
+		TxBytes:    txBytes,
+		RxPackets:  rxPackets,
+		TxPackets:  txPackets,
 	}
 
-	if ep != nil {
-		if tcpStats, ok := ep.Stats().(*tcpip.TransportEndpointStats); ok {
-			// fields are flipped since this is the in conn
-			// TODO: get bytes
-			fields.RxPackets = tcpStats.PacketsSent.Value()
-			fields.TxPackets = tcpStats.PacketsReceived.Value()
+	if typ == nftypes.TypeStart {
+		if ruleId, ok := f.getRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort); ok {
+			fields.RuleID = ruleId
 		}
+	} else {
+		f.DeleteRuleID(srcIp, dstIp, id.RemotePort, id.LocalPort)
 	}
 
 	f.flowLogger.StoreEvent(fields)
@@ -288,18 +313,20 @@ func (c *udpPacketConn) getIdleDuration() time.Duration {
 	return time.Since(lastSeen)
 }
 
-func (c *udpPacketConn) copy(ctx context.Context, dst net.Conn, src net.Conn, bufPool *sync.Pool, direction string) error {
+// copy reads from src and writes to dst.
+func (c *udpPacketConn) copy(ctx context.Context, dst net.Conn, src net.Conn, bufPool *sync.Pool, direction string) (int64, error) {
 	bufp := bufPool.Get().(*[]byte)
 	defer bufPool.Put(bufp)
 	buffer := *bufp
+	var totalBytes int64 = 0
 
 	for {
 		if ctx.Err() != nil {
-			return ctx.Err()
+			return totalBytes, ctx.Err()
 		}
 
 		if err := src.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(udpTimeout)); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("set read deadline: %w", err)
+			return totalBytes, fmt.Errorf("set read deadline: %w", err)
 		}
 
 		n, err := src.Read(buffer)
@@ -307,14 +334,15 @@ func (c *udpPacketConn) copy(ctx context.Context, dst net.Conn, src net.Conn, bu
 			if isTimeout(err) {
 				continue
 			}
-			return fmt.Errorf("read from %s: %w", direction, err)
+			return totalBytes, fmt.Errorf("read from %s: %w", direction, err)
 		}
 
-		_, err = dst.Write(buffer[:n])
+		nWritten, err := dst.Write(buffer[:n])
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("write to %s: %w", direction, err)
+			return totalBytes, fmt.Errorf("write to %s: %w", direction, err)
 		}
 
+		totalBytes += int64(nWritten)
 		c.updateLastSeen()
 	}
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/localip.go

@@ -14,8 +14,13 @@ import (
 type localIPManager struct {
 	mu sync.RWMutex
 
-	// Use bitmap for IPv4 (32 bits * 2^16 = 256KB memory)
-	ipv4Bitmap [1 << 16]uint32
+	// fixed-size high array for upper byte of a IPv4 address
+	ipv4Bitmap [256]*ipv4LowBitmap
+}
+
+// ipv4LowBitmap is a map for the low 16 bits of a IPv4 address
+type ipv4LowBitmap struct {
+	bitmap [8192]uint32
 }
 
 func newLocalIPManager() *localIPManager {
@@ -27,35 +32,61 @@ func (m *localIPManager) setBitmapBit(ip net.IP) {
 	if ipv4 == nil {
 		return
 	}
-	high := (uint16(ipv4[0]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[1])
-	low := (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[3])
-	m.ipv4Bitmap[high] |= 1 << (low % 32)
+	high := uint16(ipv4[0])
+	low := (uint16(ipv4[1]) << 8) | (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 4) | uint16(ipv4[3])
+
+	index := low / 32
+	bit := low % 32
+
+	if m.ipv4Bitmap[high] == nil {
+		m.ipv4Bitmap[high] = &ipv4LowBitmap{}
+	}
+
+	m.ipv4Bitmap[high].bitmap[index] |= 1 << bit
+}
+
+func (m *localIPManager) setBitInBitmap(ip netip.Addr, bitmap *[256]*ipv4LowBitmap, ipv4Set map[netip.Addr]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]netip.Addr) {
+	if !ip.Is4() {
+		return
+	}
+	ipv4 := ip.AsSlice()
+
+	high := uint16(ipv4[0])
+	low := (uint16(ipv4[1]) << 8) | (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 4) | uint16(ipv4[3])
+
+	if bitmap[high] == nil {
+		bitmap[high] = &ipv4LowBitmap{}
+	}
+
+	index := low / 32
+	bit := low % 32
+	bitmap[high].bitmap[index] |= 1 << bit
+
+	if _, exists := ipv4Set[ip]; !exists {
+		ipv4Set[ip] = struct{}{}
+		*ipv4Addresses = append(*ipv4Addresses, ip)
+	}
 }
 
 func (m *localIPManager) checkBitmapBit(ip []byte) bool {
-	high := (uint16(ip[0]) << 8) | uint16(ip[1])
-	low := (uint16(ip[2]) << 8) | uint16(ip[3])
-	return (m.ipv4Bitmap[high] & (1 << (low % 32))) != 0
+	high := uint16(ip[0])
+	low := (uint16(ip[1]) << 8) | (uint16(ip[2]) << 4) | uint16(ip[3])
+
+	if m.ipv4Bitmap[high] == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	index := low / 32
+	bit := low % 32
+	return (m.ipv4Bitmap[high].bitmap[index] & (1 << bit)) != 0
 }
 
-func (m *localIPManager) processIP(ip net.IP, newIPv4Bitmap *[1 << 16]uint32, ipv4Set map[string]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]string) error {
-	if ipv4 := ip.To4(); ipv4 != nil {
-		high := (uint16(ipv4[0]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[1])
-		low := (uint16(ipv4[2]) << 8) | uint16(ipv4[3])
-		if int(high) >= len(*newIPv4Bitmap) {
-			return fmt.Errorf("invalid IPv4 address: %s", ip)
-		}
-		ipStr := ip.String()
-		if _, exists := ipv4Set[ipStr]; !exists {
-			ipv4Set[ipStr] = struct{}{}
-			*ipv4Addresses = append(*ipv4Addresses, ipStr)
-			newIPv4Bitmap[high] |= 1 << (low % 32)
-		}
-	}
+func (m *localIPManager) processIP(ip netip.Addr, bitmap *[256]*ipv4LowBitmap, ipv4Set map[netip.Addr]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]netip.Addr) error {
+	m.setBitInBitmap(ip, bitmap, ipv4Set, ipv4Addresses)
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (m *localIPManager) processInterface(iface net.Interface, newIPv4Bitmap *[1 << 16]uint32, ipv4Set map[string]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]string) {
+func (m *localIPManager) processInterface(iface net.Interface, bitmap *[256]*ipv4LowBitmap, ipv4Set map[netip.Addr]struct{}, ipv4Addresses *[]netip.Addr) {
 	addrs, err := iface.Addrs()
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Debugf("get addresses for interface %s failed: %v", iface.Name, err)
@@ -73,7 +104,13 @@ func (m *localIPManager) processInterface(iface net.Interface, newIPv4Bitmap *[1
 			continue
 		}
 
-		if err := m.processIP(ip, newIPv4Bitmap, ipv4Set, ipv4Addresses); err != nil {
+		addr, ok := netip.AddrFromSlice(ip)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Warnf("invalid IP address %s in interface %s", ip.String(), iface.Name)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if err := m.processIP(addr.Unmap(), bitmap, ipv4Set, ipv4Addresses); err != nil {
 			log.Debugf("process IP failed: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
@@ -86,14 +123,14 @@ func (m *localIPManager) UpdateLocalIPs(iface common.IFaceMapper) (err error) {
 		}
 	}()
 
-	var newIPv4Bitmap [1 << 16]uint32
-	ipv4Set := make(map[string]struct{})
-	var ipv4Addresses []string
+	var newIPv4Bitmap [256]*ipv4LowBitmap
+	ipv4Set := make(map[netip.Addr]struct{})
+	var ipv4Addresses []netip.Addr
 
 	// 127.0.0.0/8
-	high := uint16(127) << 8
-	for i := uint16(0); i < 256; i++ {
-		newIPv4Bitmap[high|i] = 0xffffffff
+	newIPv4Bitmap[127] = &ipv4LowBitmap{}
+	for i := 0; i < 8192; i++ {
+		newIPv4Bitmap[127].bitmap[i] = 0xFFFFFFFF
 	}
 
 	if iface != nil {
@@ -120,12 +157,12 @@ func (m *localIPManager) UpdateLocalIPs(iface common.IFaceMapper) (err error) {
 }
 
 func (m *localIPManager) IsLocalIP(ip netip.Addr) bool {
+	if !ip.Is4() {
+		return false
+	}
+
 	m.mu.RLock()
 	defer m.mu.RUnlock()
 
-	if ip.Is4() {
-		return m.checkBitmapBit(ip.AsSlice())
-	}
-
-	return false
+	return m.checkBitmapBit(ip.AsSlice())
 }

client/firewall/uspfilter/localip_test.go

@@ -20,11 +20,8 @@ func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "Localhost range",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("127.0.0.2"),
 			expected: true,
@@ -32,11 +29,8 @@ func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "Localhost standard address",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("127.0.0.1"),
 			expected: true,
@@ -44,11 +38,8 @@ func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "Localhost range edge",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("127.255.255.255"),
 			expected: true,
@@ -56,11 +47,8 @@ func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "Local IP matches",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
 			expected: true,
@@ -68,23 +56,26 @@ func TestLocalIPManager(t *testing.T) {
 		{
 			name: "Local IP doesn't match",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("192.168.1.1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("192.168.1.0"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(24, 32),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.2"),
 			expected: false,
 		},
+		{
+			name: "Local IP doesn't match - addresses 32 apart",
+			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
+			},
+			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.33"),
+			expected: false,
+		},
 		{
 			name: "IPv6 address",
 			setupAddr: wgaddr.Address{
-				IP: net.ParseIP("fe80::1"),
-				Network: &net.IPNet{
-					IP:   net.ParseIP("fe80::"),
-					Mask: net.CIDRMask(64, 128),
-				},
+				IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("fe80::1"),
+				Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("192.168.1.0/24"),
 			},
 			testIP:   netip.MustParseAddr("fe80::1"),
 			expected: false,
@@ -192,10 +183,8 @@ func BenchmarkIPChecks(b *testing.B) {
 		interfaces[i] = net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i>>8), byte(i))
 	}
 
-	// Setup bitmap version
-	bitmapManager := &localIPManager{
-		ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{},
-	}
+	// Setup bitmap
+	bitmapManager := newLocalIPManager()
 	for _, ip := range interfaces[:8] { // Add half of IPs
 		bitmapManager.setBitmapBit(ip)
 	}
@@ -248,7 +237,7 @@ func BenchmarkWGPosition(b *testing.B) {
 
 	// Create two managers - one checks WG IP first, other checks it last
 	b.Run("WG_First", func(b *testing.B) {
-		bm := &localIPManager{ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{}}
+		bm := newLocalIPManager()
 		bm.setBitmapBit(wgIP)
 		b.ResetTimer()
 		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
@@ -257,7 +246,7 @@ func BenchmarkWGPosition(b *testing.B) {
 	})
 
 	b.Run("WG_Last", func(b *testing.B) {
-		bm := &localIPManager{ipv4Bitmap: [1 << 16]uint32{}}
+		bm := newLocalIPManager()
 		// Fill with other IPs first
 		for i := 0; i < 15; i++ {
 			bm.setBitmapBit(net.IPv4(10, 0, byte(i>>8), byte(i)))

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat.go

@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+
+	firewall "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/firewall/manager"
+)
+
+var ErrIPv4Only = errors.New("only IPv4 is supported for DNAT")
+
+func ipv4Checksum(header []byte) uint16 {
+	if len(header) < 20 {
+		return 0
+	}
+
+	var sum1, sum2 uint32
+
+	// Parallel processing - unroll and compute two sums simultaneously
+	sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[0:2]))
+	sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[2:4]))
+	sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[4:6]))
+	sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[6:8]))
+	sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[8:10]))
+	// Skip checksum field at [10:12]
+	sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[12:14]))
+	sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[14:16]))
+	sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[16:18]))
+	sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[18:20]))
+
+	sum := sum1 + sum2
+
+	// Handle remaining bytes for headers > 20 bytes
+	for i := 20; i < len(header)-1; i += 2 {
+		sum += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(header[i : i+2]))
+	}
+
+	if len(header)%2 == 1 {
+		sum += uint32(header[len(header)-1]) << 8
+	}
+
+	// Optimized carry fold - single iteration handles most cases
+	sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16)
+	if sum > 0xFFFF {
+		sum++
+	}
+
+	return ^uint16(sum)
+}
+
+func icmpChecksum(data []byte) uint16 {
+	var sum1, sum2, sum3, sum4 uint32
+	i := 0
+
+	// Process 16 bytes at once with 4 parallel accumulators
+	for i <= len(data)-16 {
+		sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i : i+2]))
+		sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+2 : i+4]))
+		sum3 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+4 : i+6]))
+		sum4 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+6 : i+8]))
+		sum1 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+8 : i+10]))
+		sum2 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+10 : i+12]))
+		sum3 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+12 : i+14]))
+		sum4 += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i+14 : i+16]))
+		i += 16
+	}
+
+	sum := sum1 + sum2 + sum3 + sum4
+
+	// Handle remaining bytes
+	for i < len(data)-1 {
+		sum += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(data[i : i+2]))
+		i += 2
+	}
+
+	if len(data)%2 == 1 {
+		sum += uint32(data[len(data)-1]) << 8
+	}
+
+	sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16)
+	if sum > 0xFFFF {
+		sum++
+	}
+
+	return ^uint16(sum)
+}
+
+type biDNATMap struct {
+	forward map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr
+	reverse map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr
+}
+
+func newBiDNATMap() *biDNATMap {
+	return &biDNATMap{
+		forward: make(map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr),
+		reverse: make(map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr),
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *biDNATMap) set(original, translated netip.Addr) {
+	b.forward[original] = translated
+	b.reverse[translated] = original
+}
+
+func (b *biDNATMap) delete(original netip.Addr) {
+	if translated, exists := b.forward[original]; exists {
+		delete(b.forward, original)
+		delete(b.reverse, translated)
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *biDNATMap) getTranslated(original netip.Addr) (netip.Addr, bool) {
+	translated, exists := b.forward[original]
+	return translated, exists
+}
+
+func (b *biDNATMap) getOriginal(translated netip.Addr) (netip.Addr, bool) {
+	original, exists := b.reverse[translated]
+	return original, exists
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) AddInternalDNATMapping(originalAddr, translatedAddr netip.Addr) error {
+	if !originalAddr.IsValid() || !translatedAddr.IsValid() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid IP addresses")
+	}
+
+	if m.localipmanager.IsLocalIP(translatedAddr) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot map to local IP: %s", translatedAddr)
+	}
+
+	m.dnatMutex.Lock()
+	defer m.dnatMutex.Unlock()
+
+	// Initialize both maps together if either is nil
+	if m.dnatMappings == nil || m.dnatBiMap == nil {
+		m.dnatMappings = make(map[netip.Addr]netip.Addr)
+		m.dnatBiMap = newBiDNATMap()
+	}
+
+	m.dnatMappings[originalAddr] = translatedAddr
+	m.dnatBiMap.set(originalAddr, translatedAddr)
+
+	if len(m.dnatMappings) == 1 {
+		m.dnatEnabled.Store(true)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RemoveInternalDNATMapping removes a 1:1 IP address mapping
+func (m *Manager) RemoveInternalDNATMapping(originalAddr netip.Addr) error {
+	m.dnatMutex.Lock()
+	defer m.dnatMutex.Unlock()
+
+	if _, exists := m.dnatMappings[originalAddr]; !exists {
+		return fmt.Errorf("mapping not found for: %s", originalAddr)
+	}
+
+	delete(m.dnatMappings, originalAddr)
+	m.dnatBiMap.delete(originalAddr)
+	if len(m.dnatMappings) == 0 {
+		m.dnatEnabled.Store(false)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// getDNATTranslation returns the translated address if a mapping exists
+func (m *Manager) getDNATTranslation(addr netip.Addr) (netip.Addr, bool) {
+	if !m.dnatEnabled.Load() {
+		return addr, false
+	}
+
+	m.dnatMutex.RLock()
+	translated, exists := m.dnatBiMap.getTranslated(addr)
+	m.dnatMutex.RUnlock()
+	return translated, exists
+}
+
+// findReverseDNATMapping finds original address for return traffic
+func (m *Manager) findReverseDNATMapping(translatedAddr netip.Addr) (netip.Addr, bool) {
+	if !m.dnatEnabled.Load() {
+		return translatedAddr, false
+	}
+
+	m.dnatMutex.RLock()
+	original, exists := m.dnatBiMap.getOriginal(translatedAddr)
+	m.dnatMutex.RUnlock()
+	return original, exists
+}
+
+// translateOutboundDNAT applies DNAT translation to outbound packets
+func (m *Manager) translateOutboundDNAT(packetData []byte, d *decoder) bool {
+	if !m.dnatEnabled.Load() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if len(packetData) < 20 || d.decoded[0] != layers.LayerTypeIPv4 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	dstIP := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{packetData[16], packetData[17], packetData[18], packetData[19]})
+
+	translatedIP, exists := m.getDNATTranslation(dstIP)
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rewritePacketDestination(packetData, d, translatedIP); err != nil {
+		m.logger.Error("Failed to rewrite packet destination: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	m.logger.Trace("DNAT: %s -> %s", dstIP, translatedIP)
+	return true
+}
+
+// translateInboundReverse applies reverse DNAT to inbound return traffic
+func (m *Manager) translateInboundReverse(packetData []byte, d *decoder) bool {
+	if !m.dnatEnabled.Load() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if len(packetData) < 20 || d.decoded[0] != layers.LayerTypeIPv4 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	srcIP := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{packetData[12], packetData[13], packetData[14], packetData[15]})
+
+	originalIP, exists := m.findReverseDNATMapping(srcIP)
+	if !exists {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if err := m.rewritePacketSource(packetData, d, originalIP); err != nil {
+		m.logger.Error("Failed to rewrite packet source: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+
+	m.logger.Trace("Reverse DNAT: %s -> %s", srcIP, originalIP)
+	return true
+}
+
+// rewritePacketDestination replaces destination IP in the packet
+func (m *Manager) rewritePacketDestination(packetData []byte, d *decoder, newIP netip.Addr) error {
+	if len(packetData) < 20 || d.decoded[0] != layers.LayerTypeIPv4 || !newIP.Is4() {
+		return ErrIPv4Only
+	}
+
+	var oldDst [4]byte
+	copy(oldDst[:], packetData[16:20])
+	newDst := newIP.As4()
+
+	copy(packetData[16:20], newDst[:])
+
+	ipHeaderLen := int(d.ip4.IHL) * 4
+	if ipHeaderLen < 20 || ipHeaderLen > len(packetData) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid IP header length")
+	}
+
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[10:12], 0)
+	ipChecksum := ipv4Checksum(packetData[:ipHeaderLen])
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[10:12], ipChecksum)
+
+	if len(d.decoded) > 1 {
+		switch d.decoded[1] {
+		case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+			m.updateTCPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen, oldDst[:], newDst[:])
+		case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+			m.updateUDPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen, oldDst[:], newDst[:])
+		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+			m.updateICMPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// rewritePacketSource replaces the source IP address in the packet
+func (m *Manager) rewritePacketSource(packetData []byte, d *decoder, newIP netip.Addr) error {
+	if len(packetData) < 20 || d.decoded[0] != layers.LayerTypeIPv4 || !newIP.Is4() {
+		return ErrIPv4Only
+	}
+
+	var oldSrc [4]byte
+	copy(oldSrc[:], packetData[12:16])
+	newSrc := newIP.As4()
+
+	copy(packetData[12:16], newSrc[:])
+
+	ipHeaderLen := int(d.ip4.IHL) * 4
+	if ipHeaderLen < 20 || ipHeaderLen > len(packetData) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid IP header length")
+	}
+
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[10:12], 0)
+	ipChecksum := ipv4Checksum(packetData[:ipHeaderLen])
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[10:12], ipChecksum)
+
+	if len(d.decoded) > 1 {
+		switch d.decoded[1] {
+		case layers.LayerTypeTCP:
+			m.updateTCPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen, oldSrc[:], newSrc[:])
+		case layers.LayerTypeUDP:
+			m.updateUDPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen, oldSrc[:], newSrc[:])
+		case layers.LayerTypeICMPv4:
+			m.updateICMPChecksum(packetData, ipHeaderLen)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) updateTCPChecksum(packetData []byte, ipHeaderLen int, oldIP, newIP []byte) {
+	tcpStart := ipHeaderLen
+	if len(packetData) < tcpStart+18 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	checksumOffset := tcpStart + 16
+	oldChecksum := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(packetData[checksumOffset : checksumOffset+2])
+	newChecksum := incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum, oldIP, newIP)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[checksumOffset:checksumOffset+2], newChecksum)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) updateUDPChecksum(packetData []byte, ipHeaderLen int, oldIP, newIP []byte) {
+	udpStart := ipHeaderLen
+	if len(packetData) < udpStart+8 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	checksumOffset := udpStart + 6
+	oldChecksum := binary.BigEndian.Uint16(packetData[checksumOffset : checksumOffset+2])
+
+	if oldChecksum == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	newChecksum := incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum, oldIP, newIP)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(packetData[checksumOffset:checksumOffset+2], newChecksum)
+}
+
+func (m *Manager) updateICMPChecksum(packetData []byte, ipHeaderLen int) {
+	icmpStart := ipHeaderLen
+	if len(packetData) < icmpStart+8 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	icmpData := packetData[icmpStart:]
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(icmpData[2:4], 0)
+	checksum := icmpChecksum(icmpData)
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(icmpData[2:4], checksum)
+}
+
+// incrementalUpdate performs incremental checksum update per RFC 1624
+func incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum uint16, oldBytes, newBytes []byte) uint16 {
+	sum := uint32(^oldChecksum)
+
+	// Fast path for IPv4 addresses (4 bytes) - most common case
+	if len(oldBytes) == 4 && len(newBytes) == 4 {
+		sum += uint32(^binary.BigEndian.Uint16(oldBytes[0:2]))
+		sum += uint32(^binary.BigEndian.Uint16(oldBytes[2:4]))
+		sum += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(newBytes[0:2]))
+		sum += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(newBytes[2:4]))
+	} else {
+		// Fallback for other lengths
+		for i := 0; i < len(oldBytes)-1; i += 2 {
+			sum += uint32(^binary.BigEndian.Uint16(oldBytes[i : i+2]))
+		}
+		if len(oldBytes)%2 == 1 {
+			sum += uint32(^oldBytes[len(oldBytes)-1]) << 8
+		}
+
+		for i := 0; i < len(newBytes)-1; i += 2 {
+			sum += uint32(binary.BigEndian.Uint16(newBytes[i : i+2]))
+		}
+		if len(newBytes)%2 == 1 {
+			sum += uint32(newBytes[len(newBytes)-1]) << 8
+		}
+	}
+
+	sum = (sum & 0xFFFF) + (sum >> 16)
+	if sum > 0xFFFF {
+		sum++
+	}
+
+	return ^uint16(sum)
+}
+
+// AddDNATRule adds a DNAT rule (delegates to native firewall for port forwarding)
+func (m *Manager) AddDNATRule(rule firewall.ForwardRule) (firewall.Rule, error) {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return nil, errNatNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.AddDNATRule(rule)
+}
+
+// DeleteDNATRule deletes a DNAT rule (delegates to native firewall)
+func (m *Manager) DeleteDNATRule(rule firewall.Rule) error {
+	if m.nativeFirewall == nil {
+		return errNatNotSupported
+	}
+	return m.nativeFirewall.DeleteDNATRule(rule)
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat_bench_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket"
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+// BenchmarkDNATTranslation measures the performance of DNAT operations
+func BenchmarkDNATTranslation(b *testing.B) {
+	scenarios := []struct {
+		name        string
+		proto       layers.IPProtocol
+		setupDNAT   bool
+		description string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "tcp_with_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			setupDNAT:   true,
+			description: "TCP packet with DNAT translation enabled",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "tcp_without_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolTCP,
+			setupDNAT:   false,
+			description: "TCP packet without DNAT (baseline)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "udp_with_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			setupDNAT:   true,
+			description: "UDP packet with DNAT translation enabled",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "udp_without_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolUDP,
+			setupDNAT:   false,
+			description: "UDP packet without DNAT (baseline)",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "icmp_with_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolICMPv4,
+			setupDNAT:   true,
+			description: "ICMP packet with DNAT translation enabled",
+		},
+		{
+			name:        "icmp_without_dnat",
+			proto:       layers.IPProtocolICMPv4,
+			setupDNAT:   false,
+			description: "ICMP packet without DNAT (baseline)",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, sc := range scenarios {
+		b.Run(sc.name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger)
+			require.NoError(b, err)
+			defer func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
+			}()
+
+			// Set logger to error level to reduce noise during benchmarking
+			manager.SetLogLevel(log.ErrorLevel)
+			defer func() {
+				// Restore to info level after benchmark
+				manager.SetLogLevel(log.InfoLevel)
+			}()
+
+			// Setup DNAT mapping if needed
+			originalIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+			translatedIP := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100")
+
+			if sc.setupDNAT {
+				err := manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, translatedIP)
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Create test packets
+			srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+			outboundPacket := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, originalIP, sc.proto, 12345, 80)
+
+			// Pre-establish connection for reverse DNAT test
+			if sc.setupDNAT {
+				manager.filterOutbound(outboundPacket, 0)
+			}
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+
+			// Benchmark outbound DNAT translation
+			b.Run("outbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+				for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+					// Create fresh packet each time since translation modifies it
+					packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, originalIP, sc.proto, 12345, 80)
+					manager.filterOutbound(packet, 0)
+				}
+			})
+
+			// Benchmark inbound reverse DNAT translation
+			if sc.setupDNAT {
+				b.Run("inbound_reverse", func(b *testing.B) {
+					for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+						// Create fresh packet each time since translation modifies it
+						packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, translatedIP, srcIP, sc.proto, 80, 12345)
+						manager.filterInbound(packet, 0)
+					}
+				})
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkDNATConcurrency tests DNAT performance under concurrent load
+func BenchmarkDNATConcurrency(b *testing.B) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(b, err)
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
+	}()
+
+	// Set logger to error level to reduce noise during benchmarking
+	manager.SetLogLevel(log.ErrorLevel)
+	defer func() {
+		// Restore to info level after benchmark
+		manager.SetLogLevel(log.InfoLevel)
+	}()
+
+	// Setup multiple DNAT mappings
+	numMappings := 100
+	originalIPs := make([]netip.Addr, numMappings)
+	translatedIPs := make([]netip.Addr, numMappings)
+
+	for i := 0; i < numMappings; i++ {
+		originalIPs[i] = netip.MustParseAddr(fmt.Sprintf("192.168.%d.%d", (i/254)+1, (i%254)+1))
+		translatedIPs[i] = netip.MustParseAddr(fmt.Sprintf("10.0.%d.%d", (i/254)+1, (i%254)+1))
+		err := manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIPs[i], translatedIPs[i])
+		require.NoError(b, err)
+	}
+
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+
+	// Pre-generate packets
+	outboundPackets := make([][]byte, numMappings)
+	inboundPackets := make([][]byte, numMappings)
+	for i := 0; i < numMappings; i++ {
+		outboundPackets[i] = generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, originalIPs[i], layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+		inboundPackets[i] = generateDNATTestPacket(b, translatedIPs[i], srcIP, layers.IPProtocolTCP, 80, 12345)
+		// Establish connections
+		manager.filterOutbound(outboundPackets[i], 0)
+	}
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+
+	b.Run("concurrent_outbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			i := 0
+			for pb.Next() {
+				idx := i % numMappings
+				packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, originalIPs[idx], layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+				manager.filterOutbound(packet, 0)
+				i++
+			}
+		})
+	})
+
+	b.Run("concurrent_inbound", func(b *testing.B) {
+		b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+			i := 0
+			for pb.Next() {
+				idx := i % numMappings
+				packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, translatedIPs[idx], srcIP, layers.IPProtocolTCP, 80, 12345)
+				manager.filterInbound(packet, 0)
+				i++
+			}
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+// BenchmarkDNATScaling tests how DNAT performance scales with number of mappings
+func BenchmarkDNATScaling(b *testing.B) {
+	mappingCounts := []int{1, 10, 100, 1000}
+
+	for _, count := range mappingCounts {
+		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("mappings_%d", count), func(b *testing.B) {
+			manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+				SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+			}, false, flowLogger)
+			require.NoError(b, err)
+			defer func() {
+				require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
+			}()
+
+			// Set logger to error level to reduce noise during benchmarking
+			manager.SetLogLevel(log.ErrorLevel)
+			defer func() {
+				// Restore to info level after benchmark
+				manager.SetLogLevel(log.InfoLevel)
+			}()
+
+			// Setup DNAT mappings
+			for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+				originalIP := netip.MustParseAddr(fmt.Sprintf("192.168.%d.%d", (i/254)+1, (i%254)+1))
+				translatedIP := netip.MustParseAddr(fmt.Sprintf("10.0.%d.%d", (i/254)+1, (i%254)+1))
+				err := manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, translatedIP)
+				require.NoError(b, err)
+			}
+
+			// Test with the last mapping added (worst case for lookup)
+			srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+			lastOriginal := netip.MustParseAddr(fmt.Sprintf("192.168.%d.%d", ((count-1)/254)+1, ((count-1)%254)+1))
+
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+				packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, lastOriginal, layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+				manager.filterOutbound(packet, 0)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// generateDNATTestPacket creates a test packet for DNAT benchmarking
+func generateDNATTestPacket(tb testing.TB, srcIP, dstIP netip.Addr, proto layers.IPProtocol, srcPort, dstPort uint16) []byte {
+	tb.Helper()
+
+	ipv4 := &layers.IPv4{
+		TTL:      64,
+		Version:  4,
+		SrcIP:    srcIP.AsSlice(),
+		DstIP:    dstIP.AsSlice(),
+		Protocol: proto,
+	}
+
+	var transportLayer gopacket.SerializableLayer
+	switch proto {
+	case layers.IPProtocolTCP:
+		tcp := &layers.TCP{
+			SrcPort: layers.TCPPort(srcPort),
+			DstPort: layers.TCPPort(dstPort),
+			SYN:     true,
+		}
+		require.NoError(tb, tcp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4))
+		transportLayer = tcp
+	case layers.IPProtocolUDP:
+		udp := &layers.UDP{
+			SrcPort: layers.UDPPort(srcPort),
+			DstPort: layers.UDPPort(dstPort),
+		}
+		require.NoError(tb, udp.SetNetworkLayerForChecksum(ipv4))
+		transportLayer = udp
+	case layers.IPProtocolICMPv4:
+		icmp := &layers.ICMPv4{
+			TypeCode: layers.CreateICMPv4TypeCode(layers.ICMPv4TypeEchoRequest, 0),
+		}
+		transportLayer = icmp
+	}
+
+	buf := gopacket.NewSerializeBuffer()
+	opts := gopacket.SerializeOptions{ComputeChecksums: true, FixLengths: true}
+	err := gopacket.SerializeLayers(buf, opts, ipv4, transportLayer, gopacket.Payload("test"))
+	require.NoError(tb, err)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// BenchmarkChecksumUpdate specifically benchmarks checksum calculation performance
+func BenchmarkChecksumUpdate(b *testing.B) {
+	// Create test data for checksum calculations
+	testData := make([]byte, 64) // Typical packet size for checksum testing
+	for i := range testData {
+		testData[i] = byte(i)
+	}
+
+	b.Run("ipv4_checksum", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = ipv4Checksum(testData[:20]) // IPv4 header is typically 20 bytes
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("icmp_checksum", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = icmpChecksum(testData)
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("incremental_update", func(b *testing.B) {
+		oldBytes := []byte{192, 168, 1, 100}
+		newBytes := []byte{10, 0, 0, 100}
+		oldChecksum := uint16(0x1234)
+
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum, oldBytes, newBytes)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// BenchmarkDNATMemoryAllocations checks for memory allocations in DNAT operations
+func BenchmarkDNATMemoryAllocations(b *testing.B) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(b, err)
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(b, manager.Close(nil))
+	}()
+
+	// Set logger to error level to reduce noise during benchmarking
+	manager.SetLogLevel(log.ErrorLevel)
+	defer func() {
+		// Restore to info level after benchmark
+		manager.SetLogLevel(log.InfoLevel)
+	}()
+
+	originalIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+	translatedIP := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100")
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+
+	err = manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, translatedIP)
+	require.NoError(b, err)
+
+	packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, originalIP, layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	b.ReportAllocs()
+
+	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+		// Create fresh packet each time to isolate allocation testing
+		testPacket := make([]byte, len(packet))
+		copy(testPacket, packet)
+
+		// Parse the packet fresh each time to get a clean decoder
+		d := &decoder{decoded: []gopacket.LayerType{}}
+		d.parser = gopacket.NewDecodingLayerParser(
+			layers.LayerTypeIPv4,
+			&d.eth, &d.ip4, &d.ip6, &d.icmp4, &d.icmp6, &d.tcp, &d.udp,
+		)
+		d.parser.IgnoreUnsupported = true
+		err = d.parser.DecodeLayers(testPacket, &d.decoded)
+		assert.NoError(b, err)
+
+		manager.translateOutboundDNAT(testPacket, d)
+	}
+}
+
+// BenchmarkDirectIPExtraction tests the performance improvement of direct IP extraction
+func BenchmarkDirectIPExtraction(b *testing.B) {
+	// Create a test packet
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+	dstIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+	packet := generateDNATTestPacket(b, srcIP, dstIP, layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80)
+
+	b.Run("direct_byte_access", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			// Direct extraction from packet bytes
+			_ = netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{packet[16], packet[17], packet[18], packet[19]})
+		}
+	})
+
+	b.Run("decoder_extraction", func(b *testing.B) {
+		// Create decoder once for comparison
+		d := &decoder{decoded: []gopacket.LayerType{}}
+		d.parser = gopacket.NewDecodingLayerParser(
+			layers.LayerTypeIPv4,
+			&d.eth, &d.ip4, &d.ip6, &d.icmp4, &d.icmp6, &d.tcp, &d.udp,
+		)
+		d.parser.IgnoreUnsupported = true
+		err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packet, &d.decoded)
+		assert.NoError(b, err)
+
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			// Extract using decoder (traditional method)
+			dst, _ := netip.AddrFromSlice(d.ip4.DstIP)
+			_ = dst
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// BenchmarkChecksumOptimizations compares optimized vs standard checksum implementations
+func BenchmarkChecksumOptimizations(b *testing.B) {
+	// Create test IPv4 header (20 bytes)
+	header := make([]byte, 20)
+	for i := range header {
+		header[i] = byte(i)
+	}
+	// Clear checksum field
+	header[10] = 0
+	header[11] = 0
+
+	b.Run("optimized_ipv4_checksum", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = ipv4Checksum(header)
+		}
+	})
+
+	// Test incremental checksum updates
+	oldIP := []byte{192, 168, 1, 100}
+	newIP := []byte{10, 0, 0, 100}
+	oldChecksum := uint16(0x1234)
+
+	b.Run("optimized_incremental_update", func(b *testing.B) {
+		for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
+			_ = incrementalUpdate(oldChecksum, oldIP, newIP)
+		}
+	})
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/nat_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package uspfilter
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/google/gopacket"
+	"github.com/google/gopacket/layers"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/device"
+)
+
+// TestDNATTranslationCorrectness verifies DNAT translation works correctly
+func TestDNATTranslationCorrectness(t *testing.T) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
+	}()
+
+	originalIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+	translatedIP := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100")
+	srcIP := netip.MustParseAddr("172.16.0.1")
+
+	// Add DNAT mapping
+	err = manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, translatedIP)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name     string
+		protocol layers.IPProtocol
+		srcPort  uint16
+		dstPort  uint16
+	}{
+		{"TCP", layers.IPProtocolTCP, 12345, 80},
+		{"UDP", layers.IPProtocolUDP, 12345, 53},
+		{"ICMP", layers.IPProtocolICMPv4, 0, 0},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			// Test outbound DNAT translation
+			outboundPacket := generateDNATTestPacket(t, srcIP, originalIP, tc.protocol, tc.srcPort, tc.dstPort)
+			originalOutbound := make([]byte, len(outboundPacket))
+			copy(originalOutbound, outboundPacket)
+
+			// Process outbound packet (should translate destination)
+			translated := manager.translateOutboundDNAT(outboundPacket, parsePacket(t, outboundPacket))
+			require.True(t, translated, "Outbound packet should be translated")
+
+			// Verify destination IP was changed
+			dstIPAfter := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{outboundPacket[16], outboundPacket[17], outboundPacket[18], outboundPacket[19]})
+			require.Equal(t, translatedIP, dstIPAfter, "Destination IP should be translated")
+
+			// Test inbound reverse DNAT translation
+			inboundPacket := generateDNATTestPacket(t, translatedIP, srcIP, tc.protocol, tc.dstPort, tc.srcPort)
+			originalInbound := make([]byte, len(inboundPacket))
+			copy(originalInbound, inboundPacket)
+
+			// Process inbound packet (should reverse translate source)
+			reversed := manager.translateInboundReverse(inboundPacket, parsePacket(t, inboundPacket))
+			require.True(t, reversed, "Inbound packet should be reverse translated")
+
+			// Verify source IP was changed back to original
+			srcIPAfter := netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{inboundPacket[12], inboundPacket[13], inboundPacket[14], inboundPacket[15]})
+			require.Equal(t, originalIP, srcIPAfter, "Source IP should be reverse translated")
+
+			// Test that checksums are recalculated correctly
+			if tc.protocol != layers.IPProtocolICMPv4 {
+				// For TCP/UDP, verify the transport checksum was updated
+				require.NotEqual(t, originalOutbound, outboundPacket, "Outbound packet should be modified")
+				require.NotEqual(t, originalInbound, inboundPacket, "Inbound packet should be modified")
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// parsePacket helper to create a decoder for testing
+func parsePacket(t testing.TB, packetData []byte) *decoder {
+	t.Helper()
+	d := &decoder{
+		decoded: []gopacket.LayerType{},
+	}
+	d.parser = gopacket.NewDecodingLayerParser(
+		layers.LayerTypeIPv4,
+		&d.eth, &d.ip4, &d.ip6, &d.icmp4, &d.icmp6, &d.tcp, &d.udp,
+	)
+	d.parser.IgnoreUnsupported = true
+
+	err := d.parser.DecodeLayers(packetData, &d.decoded)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	return d
+}
+
+// TestDNATMappingManagement tests adding/removing DNAT mappings
+func TestDNATMappingManagement(t *testing.T) {
+	manager, err := Create(&IFaceMock{
+		SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
+	}, false, flowLogger)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	defer func() {
+		require.NoError(t, manager.Close(nil))
+	}()
+
+	originalIP := netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.1.100")
+	translatedIP := netip.MustParseAddr("10.0.0.100")
+
+	// Test adding mapping
+	err = manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, translatedIP)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify mapping exists
+	result, exists := manager.getDNATTranslation(originalIP)
+	require.True(t, exists)
+	require.Equal(t, translatedIP, result)
+
+	// Test reverse lookup
+	reverseResult, exists := manager.findReverseDNATMapping(translatedIP)
+	require.True(t, exists)
+	require.Equal(t, originalIP, reverseResult)
+
+	// Test removing mapping
+	err = manager.RemoveInternalDNATMapping(originalIP)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	// Verify mapping no longer exists
+	_, exists = manager.getDNATTranslation(originalIP)
+	require.False(t, exists)
+
+	_, exists = manager.findReverseDNATMapping(translatedIP)
+	require.False(t, exists)
+
+	// Test error cases
+	err = manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(netip.Addr{}, translatedIP)
+	require.Error(t, err, "Should reject invalid original IP")
+
+	err = manager.AddInternalDNATMapping(originalIP, netip.Addr{})
+	require.Error(t, err, "Should reject invalid translated IP")
+
+	err = manager.RemoveInternalDNATMapping(originalIP)
+	require.Error(t, err, "Should error when removing non-existent mapping")
+}

client/firewall/uspfilter/rule.go

@@ -29,14 +29,15 @@ func (r *PeerRule) ID() string {
 }
 
 type RouteRule struct {
-	id          string
-	mgmtId      []byte
-	sources     []netip.Prefix
-	destination netip.Prefix
-	proto       firewall.Protocol
-	srcPort     *firewall.Port
-	dstPort     *firewall.Port
-	action      firewall.Action
+	id           string
+	mgmtId       []byte
+	sources      []netip.Prefix
+	dstSet       firewall.Set
+	destinations []netip.Prefix
+	proto        firewall.Protocol
+	srcPort      *firewall.Port
+	dstPort      *firewall.Port
+	action       firewall.Action
 }
 
 // ID returns the rule id

client/firewall/uspfilter/tracer.go

@@ -401,7 +401,7 @@ func (m *Manager) addForwardingResult(trace *PacketTrace, action, remoteAddr str
 
 func (m *Manager) traceOutbound(packetData []byte, trace *PacketTrace) *PacketTrace {
 	// will create or update the connection state
-	dropped := m.processOutgoingHooks(packetData, 0)
+	dropped := m.filterOutbound(packetData, 0)
 	if dropped {
 		trace.AddResult(StageCompleted, "Packet dropped by outgoing hook", false)
 	} else {

client/firewall/uspfilter/tracer_test.go

@@ -38,11 +38,8 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 			SetFilterFunc: func(device.PacketFilter) error { return nil },
 			AddressFunc: func() wgaddr.Address {
 				return wgaddr.Address{
-					IP: net.ParseIP("100.10.0.100"),
-					Network: &net.IPNet{
-						IP:   net.ParseIP("100.10.0.0"),
-						Mask: net.CIDRMask(16, 32),
-					},
+					IP:      netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100"),
+					Network: netip.MustParsePrefix("100.10.0.0/16"),
 				}
 			},
 		}
@@ -198,12 +195,12 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				m.forwarder.Store(&forwarder.Forwarder{})
 
 				src := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{1, 1, 1, 1}), 32)
-				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{172, 17, 0, 2}), 32)
-				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, dst, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
+				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 17, 2}), 32)
+				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionAccept)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
-				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "172.17.0.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
+				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "192.168.17.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
 			},
 			expectedStages: []PacketStage{
 				StageReceived,
@@ -222,12 +219,12 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				m.nativeRouter.Store(false)
 
 				src := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{1, 1, 1, 1}), 32)
-				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{172, 17, 0, 2}), 32)
-				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, dst, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
+				dst := netip.PrefixFrom(netip.AddrFrom4([4]byte{192, 168, 17, 2}), 32)
+				_, err := m.AddRouteFiltering(nil, []netip.Prefix{src}, fw.Network{Prefix: dst}, fw.ProtocolTCP, nil, &fw.Port{Values: []uint16{80}}, fw.ActionDrop)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
-				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "172.17.0.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
+				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "192.168.17.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
 			},
 			expectedStages: []PacketStage{
 				StageReceived,
@@ -245,7 +242,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				m.nativeRouter.Store(true)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
-				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "172.17.0.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
+				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "192.168.17.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
 			},
 			expectedStages: []PacketStage{
 				StageReceived,
@@ -263,7 +260,7 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 				m.routingEnabled.Store(false)
 			},
 			packetBuilder: func() *PacketBuilder {
-				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "172.17.0.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
+				return createPacketBuilder("1.1.1.1", "192.168.17.2", "tcp", 12345, 80, fw.RuleDirectionIN)
 			},
 			expectedStages: []PacketStage{
 				StageReceived,
@@ -425,8 +422,8 @@ func TestTracePacket(t *testing.T) {
 
 			require.True(t, m.localipmanager.IsLocalIP(netip.MustParseAddr("100.10.0.100")),
 				"100.10.0.100 should be recognized as a local IP")
-			require.False(t, m.localipmanager.IsLocalIP(netip.MustParseAddr("172.17.0.2")),
-				"172.17.0.2 should not be recognized as a local IP")
+			require.False(t, m.localipmanager.IsLocalIP(netip.MustParseAddr("192.168.17.2")),
+				"192.168.17.2 should not be recognized as a local IP")
 
 			pb := tc.packetBuilder()
 

client/iface/bind/activity.go

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/monotime"
+)
+
+const (
+	saveFrequency = int64(5 * time.Second)
+)
+
+type PeerRecord struct {
+	Address      netip.AddrPort
+	LastActivity atomic.Int64 // UnixNano timestamp
+}
+
+type ActivityRecorder struct {
+	mu         sync.RWMutex
+	peers      map[string]*PeerRecord         // publicKey to PeerRecord map
+	addrToPeer map[netip.AddrPort]*PeerRecord // address to PeerRecord map
+}
+
+func NewActivityRecorder() *ActivityRecorder {
+	return &ActivityRecorder{
+		peers:      make(map[string]*PeerRecord),
+		addrToPeer: make(map[netip.AddrPort]*PeerRecord),
+	}
+}
+
+// GetLastActivities returns a snapshot of peer last activity
+func (r *ActivityRecorder) GetLastActivities() map[string]monotime.Time {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	defer r.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	activities := make(map[string]monotime.Time, len(r.peers))
+	for key, record := range r.peers {
+		monoTime := record.LastActivity.Load()
+		activities[key] = monotime.Time(monoTime)
+	}
+	return activities
+}
+
+// UpsertAddress adds or updates the address for a publicKey
+func (r *ActivityRecorder) UpsertAddress(publicKey string, address netip.AddrPort) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+
+	var record *PeerRecord
+	record, exists := r.peers[publicKey]
+	if exists {
+		delete(r.addrToPeer, record.Address)
+		record.Address = address
+	} else {
+		record = &PeerRecord{
+			Address: address,
+		}
+		record.LastActivity.Store(int64(monotime.Now()))
+		r.peers[publicKey] = record
+	}
+
+	r.addrToPeer[address] = record
+}
+
+func (r *ActivityRecorder) Remove(publicKey string) {
+	r.mu.Lock()
+	defer r.mu.Unlock()
+	if record, exists := r.peers[publicKey]; exists {
+		delete(r.addrToPeer, record.Address)
+		delete(r.peers, publicKey)
+	}
+}
+
+// record updates LastActivity for the given address using atomic store
+func (r *ActivityRecorder) record(address netip.AddrPort) {
+	r.mu.RLock()
+	record, ok := r.addrToPeer[address]
+	r.mu.RUnlock()
+	if !ok {
+		log.Warnf("could not find record for address %s", address)
+		return
+	}
+
+	now := int64(monotime.Now())
+	last := record.LastActivity.Load()
+	if now-last < saveFrequency {
+		return
+	}
+
+	_ = record.LastActivity.CompareAndSwap(last, now)
+}

client/iface/bind/activity_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	"net/netip"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/monotime"
+)
+
+func TestActivityRecorder_GetLastActivities(t *testing.T) {
+	peer := "peer1"
+	ar := NewActivityRecorder()
+	ar.UpsertAddress("peer1", netip.MustParseAddrPort("192.168.0.5:51820"))
+	activities := ar.GetLastActivities()
+
+	p, ok := activities[peer]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected activity for peer %s, but got none", peer)
+	}
+
+	if monotime.Since(p) > 5*time.Second {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected activity for peer %s to be recent, but got %v", peer, p)
+	}
+}

client/iface/bind/control.go

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	wireguard "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
+
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
+)
+
+// TODO: This is most likely obsolete since the control fns should be called by the wrapped udpconn (ice_bind.go)
+func init() {
+	listener := nbnet.NewListener()
+	if listener.ListenConfig.Control != nil {
+		*wireguard.ControlFns = append(*wireguard.ControlFns, listener.ListenConfig.Control)
+	}
+}

client/iface/bind/control_android.go

@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-package bind
-
-import (
-	wireguard "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
-
-	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	// ControlFns is not thread safe and should only be modified during init.
-	*wireguard.ControlFns = append(*wireguard.ControlFns, nbnet.ControlProtectSocket)
-}

client/iface/bind/ice_bind.go

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package bind
 
 import (
+	"encoding/binary"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/netip"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	wgConn "golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/conn"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/wgaddr"
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
 type RecvMessage struct {
@@ -51,22 +53,24 @@ type ICEBind struct {
 	closedChanMu sync.RWMutex // protect the closeChan recreation from reading from it.
 	closed       bool
 
-	muUDPMux sync.Mutex
-	udpMux   *UniversalUDPMuxDefault
-	address  wgaddr.Address
+	muUDPMux         sync.Mutex
+	udpMux           *UniversalUDPMuxDefault
+	address          wgaddr.Address
+	activityRecorder *ActivityRecorder
 }
 
 func NewICEBind(transportNet transport.Net, filterFn FilterFn, address wgaddr.Address) *ICEBind {
 	b, _ := wgConn.NewStdNetBind().(*wgConn.StdNetBind)
 	ib := &ICEBind{
-		StdNetBind:   b,
-		RecvChan:     make(chan RecvMessage, 1),
-		transportNet: transportNet,
-		filterFn:     filterFn,
-		endpoints:    make(map[netip.Addr]net.Conn),
-		closedChan:   make(chan struct{}),
-		closed:       true,
-		address:      address,
+		StdNetBind:       b,
+		RecvChan:         make(chan RecvMessage, 1),
+		transportNet:     transportNet,
+		filterFn:         filterFn,
+		endpoints:        make(map[netip.Addr]net.Conn),
+		closedChan:       make(chan struct{}),
+		closed:           true,
+		address:          address,
+		activityRecorder: NewActivityRecorder(),
 	}
 
 	rc := receiverCreator{
@@ -100,6 +104,10 @@ func (s *ICEBind) Close() error {
 	return s.StdNetBind.Close()
 }
 
+func (s *ICEBind) ActivityRecorder() *ActivityRecorder {
+	return s.activityRecorder
+}
+
 // GetICEMux returns the ICE UDPMux that was created and used by ICEBind
 func (s *ICEBind) GetICEMux() (*UniversalUDPMuxDefault, error) {
 	s.muUDPMux.Lock()
@@ -146,7 +154,7 @@ func (s *ICEBind) createIPv4ReceiverFn(pc *ipv4.PacketConn, conn *net.UDPConn, r
 
 	s.udpMux = NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault(
 		UniversalUDPMuxParams{
-			UDPConn:   conn,
+			UDPConn:   nbnet.WrapUDPConn(conn),
 			Net:       s.transportNet,
 			FilterFn:  s.filterFn,
 			WGAddress: s.address,
@@ -199,6 +207,11 @@ func (s *ICEBind) createIPv4ReceiverFn(pc *ipv4.PacketConn, conn *net.UDPConn, r
 				continue
 			}
 			addrPort := msg.Addr.(*net.UDPAddr).AddrPort()
+
+			if isTransportPkg(msg.Buffers, msg.N) {
+				s.activityRecorder.record(addrPort)
+			}
+
 			ep := &wgConn.StdNetEndpoint{AddrPort: addrPort} // TODO: remove allocation
 			wgConn.GetSrcFromControl(msg.OOB[:msg.NN], ep)
 			eps[i] = ep
@@ -257,6 +270,13 @@ func (c *ICEBind) receiveRelayed(buffs [][]byte, sizes []int, eps []wgConn.Endpo
 		copy(buffs[0], msg.Buffer)
 		sizes[0] = len(msg.Buffer)
 		eps[0] = wgConn.Endpoint(msg.Endpoint)
+
+		if isTransportPkg(buffs, sizes[0]) {
+			if ep, ok := eps[0].(*Endpoint); ok {
+				c.activityRecorder.record(ep.AddrPort)
+			}
+		}
+
 		return 1, nil
 	}
 }
@@ -272,3 +292,19 @@ func putMessages(msgs *[]ipv6.Message, msgsPool *sync.Pool) {
 	}
 	msgsPool.Put(msgs)
 }
+
+func isTransportPkg(buffers [][]byte, n int) bool {
+	// The first buffer should contain at least 4 bytes for type
+	if len(buffers[0]) < 4 {
+		return true
+	}
+
+	// WireGuard packet type is a little-endian uint32 at start
+	packetType := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(buffers[0][:4])
+
+	// Check if packetType matches known WireGuard message types
+	if packetType == 4 && n > 32 {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}

client/iface/bind/udp_mux.go

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func isZeros(ip net.IP) bool {
 // NewUDPMuxDefault creates an implementation of UDPMux
 func NewUDPMuxDefault(params UDPMuxParams) *UDPMuxDefault {
 	if params.Logger == nil {
-		params.Logger = logging.NewDefaultLoggerFactory().NewLogger("ice")
+		params.Logger = getLogger()
 	}
 
 	mux := &UDPMuxDefault{
@@ -296,14 +296,20 @@ func (m *UDPMuxDefault) RemoveConnByUfrag(ufrag string) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	m.addressMapMu.Lock()
-	defer m.addressMapMu.Unlock()
-
+	var allAddresses []string
 	for _, c := range removedConns {
 		addresses := c.getAddresses()
-		for _, addr := range addresses {
-			delete(m.addressMap, addr)
-		}
+		allAddresses = append(allAddresses, addresses...)
+	}
+
+	m.addressMapMu.Lock()
+	for _, addr := range allAddresses {
+		delete(m.addressMap, addr)
+	}
+	m.addressMapMu.Unlock()
+
+	for _, addr := range allAddresses {
+		m.notifyAddressRemoval(addr)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -351,14 +357,13 @@ func (m *UDPMuxDefault) registerConnForAddress(conn *udpMuxedConn, addr string)
 	}
 
 	m.addressMapMu.Lock()
-	defer m.addressMapMu.Unlock()
-
 	existing, ok := m.addressMap[addr]
 	if !ok {
 		existing = []*udpMuxedConn{}
 	}
 	existing = append(existing, conn)
 	m.addressMap[addr] = existing
+	m.addressMapMu.Unlock()
 
 	log.Debugf("ICE: registered %s for %s", addr, conn.params.Key)
 }
@@ -386,12 +391,12 @@ func (m *UDPMuxDefault) HandleSTUNMessage(msg *stun.Message, addr net.Addr) erro
 	// If you are using the same socket for the Host and SRFLX candidates, it might be that there are more than one
 	// muxed connection - one for the SRFLX candidate and the other one for the HOST one.
 	// We will then forward STUN packets to each of these connections.
-	m.addressMapMu.Lock()
+	m.addressMapMu.RLock()
 	var destinationConnList []*udpMuxedConn
 	if storedConns, ok := m.addressMap[addr.String()]; ok {
 		destinationConnList = append(destinationConnList, storedConns...)
 	}
-	m.addressMapMu.Unlock()
+	m.addressMapMu.RUnlock()
 
 	var isIPv6 bool
 	if udpAddr, _ := addr.(*net.UDPAddr); udpAddr != nil && udpAddr.IP.To4() == nil {
@@ -455,3 +460,9 @@ func newBufferHolder(size int) *bufferHolder {
 		buf: make([]byte, size),
 	}
 }
+
+func getLogger() logging.LeveledLogger {
+	fac := logging.NewDefaultLoggerFactory()
+	//fac.Writer = log.StandardLogger().Writer()
+	return fac.NewLogger("ice")
+}

client/iface/bind/udp_mux_generic.go

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+//go:build !ios
+
+package bind
+
+import (
+	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
+)
+
+func (m *UDPMuxDefault) notifyAddressRemoval(addr string) {
+	wrapped, ok := m.params.UDPConn.(*UDPConn)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	nbnetConn, ok := wrapped.GetPacketConn().(*nbnet.UDPConn)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	nbnetConn.RemoveAddress(addr)
+}

client/iface/bind/udp_mux_ios.go

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//go:build ios
+
+package bind
+
+func (m *UDPMuxDefault) notifyAddressRemoval(addr string) {
+	// iOS doesn't support nbnet hooks, so this is a no-op
+}

client/iface/bind/udp_mux_universal.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ type UniversalUDPMuxParams struct {
 // NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault creates an implementation of UniversalUDPMux embedding UDPMux
 func NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault(params UniversalUDPMuxParams) *UniversalUDPMuxDefault {
 	if params.Logger == nil {
-		params.Logger = logging.NewDefaultLoggerFactory().NewLogger("ice")
+		params.Logger = getLogger()
 	}
 	if params.XORMappedAddrCacheTTL == 0 {
 		params.XORMappedAddrCacheTTL = time.Second * 25
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault(params UniversalUDPMuxParams) *UniversalUDPMuxDef
 
 	// wrap UDP connection, process server reflexive messages
 	// before they are passed to the UDPMux connection handler (connWorker)
-	m.params.UDPConn = &udpConn{
+	m.params.UDPConn = &UDPConn{
 		PacketConn: params.UDPConn,
 		mux:        m,
 		logger:     params.Logger,
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ func NewUniversalUDPMuxDefault(params UniversalUDPMuxParams) *UniversalUDPMuxDef
 		address:    params.WGAddress,
 	}
 
-	// embed UDPMux
 	udpMuxParams := UDPMuxParams{
 		Logger:  params.Logger,
 		UDPConn: m.params.UDPConn,
@@ -114,8 +113,8 @@ func (m *UniversalUDPMuxDefault) ReadFromConn(ctx context.Context) {
 	}
 }
 
-// udpConn is a wrapper around UDPMux conn that overrides ReadFrom and handles STUN/TURN packets
-type udpConn struct {
+// UDPConn is a wrapper around UDPMux conn that overrides ReadFrom and handles STUN/TURN packets
+type UDPConn struct {
 	net.PacketConn
 	mux      *UniversalUDPMuxDefault
 	logger   logging.LeveledLogger
@@ -125,7 +124,12 @@ type udpConn struct {
 	address   wgaddr.Address
 }
 
-func (u *udpConn) WriteTo(b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
+// GetPacketConn returns the underlying PacketConn
+func (u *UDPConn) GetPacketConn() net.PacketConn {
+	return u.PacketConn
+}
+
+func (u *UDPConn) WriteTo(b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
 	if u.filterFn == nil {
 		return u.PacketConn.WriteTo(b, addr)
 	}
@@ -137,21 +141,21 @@ func (u *udpConn) WriteTo(b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
 	return u.handleUncachedAddress(b, addr)
 }
 
-func (u *udpConn) handleCachedAddress(isRouted bool, b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
+func (u *UDPConn) handleCachedAddress(isRouted bool, b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
 	if isRouted {
 		return 0, fmt.Errorf("address %s is part of a routed network, refusing to write", addr)
 	}
 	return u.PacketConn.WriteTo(b, addr)
 }
 
-func (u *udpConn) handleUncachedAddress(b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
+func (u *UDPConn) handleUncachedAddress(b []byte, addr net.Addr) (int, error) {
 	if err := u.performFilterCheck(addr); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	return u.PacketConn.WriteTo(b, addr)
 }
 
-func (u *udpConn) performFilterCheck(addr net.Addr) error {
+func (u *UDPConn) performFilterCheck(addr net.Addr) error {
 	host, err := getHostFromAddr(addr)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("Failed to get host from address %s: %v", addr, err)
@@ -164,7 +168,7 @@ func (u *udpConn) performFilterCheck(addr net.Addr) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	if u.address.Network.Contains(a.AsSlice()) {
+	if u.address.Network.Contains(a) {
 		log.Warnf("Address %s is part of the NetBird network %s, refusing to write", addr, u.address)
 		return fmt.Errorf("address %s is part of the NetBird network %s, refusing to write", addr, u.address)
 	}

client/iface/configurer/common.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package configurer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"net/netip"
+)
+
+func prefixesToIPNets(prefixes []netip.Prefix) []net.IPNet {
+	ipNets := make([]net.IPNet, len(prefixes))
+	for i, prefix := range prefixes {
+		ipNets[i] = net.IPNet{
+			IP:   prefix.Addr().AsSlice(),                             // Convert netip.Addr to net.IP
+			Mask: net.CIDRMask(prefix.Bits(), prefix.Addr().BitLen()), // Create subnet mask
+		}
+	}
+	return ipNets
+}

client/iface/configurer/kernel_unix.go

@@ -5,13 +5,18 @@ package configurer
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"time"
 
 	log "github.com/sirupsen/logrus"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
+
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/monotime"
 )
 
+var zeroKey wgtypes.Key
+
 type KernelConfigurer struct {
 	deviceName string
 }
@@ -43,7 +48,7 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) ConfigureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *KernelConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []netip.Prefix, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -52,7 +57,7 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, ke
 		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
 		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
 		// don't replace allowed ips, wg will handle duplicated peer IP
-		AllowedIPs:                  allowedIps,
+		AllowedIPs:                  prefixesToIPNets(allowedIps),
 		PersistentKeepaliveInterval: &keepAlive,
 		Endpoint:                    endpoint,
 		PresharedKey:                preSharedKey,
@@ -89,10 +94,10 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *KernelConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
-	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error {
+	ipNet := net.IPNet{
+		IP:   allowedIP.Addr().AsSlice(),
+		Mask: net.CIDRMask(allowedIP.Bits(), allowedIP.Addr().BitLen()),
 	}
 
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
@@ -103,7 +108,7 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
 		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
 		UpdateOnly:        true,
 		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
-		AllowedIPs:        []net.IPNet{*ipNet},
+		AllowedIPs:        []net.IPNet{ipNet},
 	}
 
 	config := wgtypes.Config{
@@ -116,10 +121,10 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
 	return nil
 }
 
-func (c *KernelConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
-	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("parse allowed IP: %w", err)
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error {
+	ipNet := net.IPNet{
+		IP:   allowedIP.Addr().AsSlice(),
+		Mask: net.CIDRMask(allowedIP.Bits(), allowedIP.Addr().BitLen()),
 	}
 
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
@@ -187,7 +192,11 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) configure(config wgtypes.Config) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	defer wg.Close()
+	defer func() {
+		if err := wg.Close(); err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Failed to close wgctrl client: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
 
 	// validate if device with name exists
 	_, err = wg.Device(c.deviceName)
@@ -201,14 +210,75 @@ func (c *KernelConfigurer) configure(config wgtypes.Config) error {
 func (c *KernelConfigurer) Close() {
 }
 
-func (c *KernelConfigurer) GetStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
-	peer, err := c.getPeer(c.deviceName, peerKey)
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) FullStats() (*Stats, error) {
+	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
 	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("get wireguard stats: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("wgctl: %w", err)
 	}
-	return WGStats{
-		LastHandshake: peer.LastHandshakeTime,
-		TxBytes:       peer.TransmitBytes,
-		RxBytes:       peer.ReceiveBytes,
-	}, nil
+	defer func() {
+		err = wg.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Got error while closing wgctl: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	wgDevice, err := wg.Device(c.deviceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get device %s: %w", c.deviceName, err)
+	}
+	fullStats := &Stats{
+		DeviceName: wgDevice.Name,
+		PublicKey:  wgDevice.PublicKey.String(),
+		ListenPort: wgDevice.ListenPort,
+		FWMark:     wgDevice.FirewallMark,
+		Peers:      []Peer{},
+	}
+
+	for _, p := range wgDevice.Peers {
+		peer := Peer{
+			PublicKey:     p.PublicKey.String(),
+			AllowedIPs:    p.AllowedIPs,
+			TxBytes:       p.TransmitBytes,
+			RxBytes:       p.ReceiveBytes,
+			LastHandshake: p.LastHandshakeTime,
+			PresharedKey:  p.PresharedKey != zeroKey,
+		}
+		if p.Endpoint != nil {
+			peer.Endpoint = *p.Endpoint
+		}
+		fullStats.Peers = append(fullStats.Peers, peer)
+	}
+	return fullStats, nil
+}
+
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) GetStats() (map[string]WGStats, error) {
+	stats := make(map[string]WGStats)
+	wg, err := wgctrl.New()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("wgctl: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		err = wg.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Errorf("Got error while closing wgctl: %v", err)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	wgDevice, err := wg.Device(c.deviceName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get device %s: %w", c.deviceName, err)
+	}
+
+	for _, peer := range wgDevice.Peers {
+		stats[peer.PublicKey.String()] = WGStats{
+			LastHandshake: peer.LastHandshakeTime,
+			TxBytes:       peer.TransmitBytes,
+			RxBytes:       peer.ReceiveBytes,
+		}
+	}
+	return stats, nil
+}
+
+func (c *KernelConfigurer) LastActivities() map[string]monotime.Time {
+	return nil
 }

client/iface/configurer/name.go

@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 package configurer
 
 // WgInterfaceDefault is a default interface name of Netbird
-const WgInterfaceDefault = "wt0"
+const WgInterfaceDefault = "nb0"

client/iface/configurer/usp.go

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 package configurer
 
 import (
+	"encoding/base64"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
 	"strconv"
@@ -14,22 +16,40 @@ import (
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/device"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/bind"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/monotime"
 	nbnet "github.com/netbirdio/netbird/util/net"
 )
 
+const (
+	privateKey                  = "private_key"
+	ipcKeyLastHandshakeTimeSec  = "last_handshake_time_sec"
+	ipcKeyLastHandshakeTimeNsec = "last_handshake_time_nsec"
+	ipcKeyTxBytes               = "tx_bytes"
+	ipcKeyRxBytes               = "rx_bytes"
+	allowedIP                   = "allowed_ip"
+	endpoint                    = "endpoint"
+	fwmark                      = "fwmark"
+	listenPort                  = "listen_port"
+	publicKey                   = "public_key"
+	presharedKey                = "preshared_key"
+)
+
 var ErrAllowedIPNotFound = fmt.Errorf("allowed IP not found")
 
 type WGUSPConfigurer struct {
-	device     *device.Device
-	deviceName string
+	device           *device.Device
+	deviceName       string
+	activityRecorder *bind.ActivityRecorder
 
 	uapiListener net.Listener
 }
 
-func NewUSPConfigurer(device *device.Device, deviceName string) *WGUSPConfigurer {
+func NewUSPConfigurer(device *device.Device, deviceName string, activityRecorder *bind.ActivityRecorder) *WGUSPConfigurer {
 	wgCfg := &WGUSPConfigurer{
-		device:     device,
-		deviceName: deviceName,
+		device:           device,
+		deviceName:       deviceName,
+		activityRecorder: activityRecorder,
 	}
 	wgCfg.startUAPI()
 	return wgCfg
@@ -52,7 +72,7 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) ConfigureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []netip.Prefix, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error {
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -61,7 +81,7 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, kee
 		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
 		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
 		// don't replace allowed ips, wg will handle duplicated peer IP
-		AllowedIPs:                  allowedIps,
+		AllowedIPs:                  prefixesToIPNets(allowedIps),
 		PersistentKeepaliveInterval: &keepAlive,
 		PresharedKey:                preSharedKey,
 		Endpoint:                    endpoint,
@@ -71,7 +91,19 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, kee
 		Peers: []wgtypes.PeerConfig{peer},
 	}
 
-	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
+	if ipcErr := c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config)); ipcErr != nil {
+		return ipcErr
+	}
+
+	if endpoint != nil {
+		addr, err := netip.ParseAddr(endpoint.IP.String())
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse endpoint address: %w", err)
+		}
+		addrPort := netip.AddrPortFrom(addr, uint16(endpoint.Port))
+		c.activityRecorder.UpsertAddress(peerKey, addrPort)
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
@@ -88,13 +120,16 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemovePeer(peerKey string) error {
 	config := wgtypes.Config{
 		Peers: []wgtypes.PeerConfig{peer},
 	}
-	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
+	ipcErr := c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
+
+	c.activityRecorder.Remove(peerKey)
+	return ipcErr
 }
 
-func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
-	_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error {
+	ipNet := net.IPNet{
+		IP:   allowedIP.Addr().AsSlice(),
+		Mask: net.CIDRMask(allowedIP.Bits(), allowedIP.Addr().BitLen()),
 	}
 
 	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
@@ -105,7 +140,7 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 		PublicKey:         peerKeyParsed,
 		UpdateOnly:        true,
 		ReplaceAllowedIPs: false,
-		AllowedIPs:        []net.IPNet{*ipNet},
+		AllowedIPs:        []net.IPNet{ipNet},
 	}
 
 	config := wgtypes.Config{
@@ -115,7 +150,7 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error {
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
-func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error {
 	ipc, err := c.device.IpcGet()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -138,6 +173,8 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
 
 	foundPeer := false
 	removedAllowedIP := false
+	ip := allowedIP.String()
+
 	for _, line := range lines {
 		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
 
@@ -160,8 +197,8 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
 
 		// Append the line to the output string
 		if foundPeer && strings.HasPrefix(line, "allowed_ip=") {
-			allowedIP := strings.TrimPrefix(line, "allowed_ip=")
-			_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIP)
+			allowedIPStr := strings.TrimPrefix(line, "allowed_ip=")
+			_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(allowedIPStr)
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
@@ -178,6 +215,19 @@ func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, ip string) error {
 	return c.device.IpcSet(toWgUserspaceString(config))
 }
 
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) FullStats() (*Stats, error) {
+	ipcStr, err := c.device.IpcGet()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("IpcGet failed: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return parseStatus(c.deviceName, ipcStr)
+}
+
+func (c *WGUSPConfigurer) LastActivities() map[string]monotime.Time {
+	return c.activityRecorder.GetLastActivities()
+}
+
 // startUAPI starts the UAPI listener for managing the WireGuard interface via external tool
 func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) startUAPI() {
 	var err error
@@ -217,91 +267,75 @@ func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) Close() {
 	}
 }
 
-func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) GetStats(peerKey string) (WGStats, error) {
+func (t *WGUSPConfigurer) GetStats() (map[string]WGStats, error) {
 	ipc, err := t.device.IpcGet()
 	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("ipc get: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ipc get: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	stats, err := findPeerInfo(ipc, peerKey, []string{
-		"last_handshake_time_sec",
-		"last_handshake_time_nsec",
-		"tx_bytes",
-		"rx_bytes",
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("find peer info: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	sec, err := strconv.ParseInt(stats["last_handshake_time_sec"], 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("parse handshake sec: %w", err)
-	}
-	nsec, err := strconv.ParseInt(stats["last_handshake_time_nsec"], 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("parse handshake nsec: %w", err)
-	}
-	txBytes, err := strconv.ParseInt(stats["tx_bytes"], 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("parse tx_bytes: %w", err)
-	}
-	rxBytes, err := strconv.ParseInt(stats["rx_bytes"], 10, 64)
-	if err != nil {
-		return WGStats{}, fmt.Errorf("parse rx_bytes: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	return WGStats{
-		LastHandshake: time.Unix(sec, nsec),
-		TxBytes:       txBytes,
-		RxBytes:       rxBytes,
-	}, nil
+	return parseTransfers(ipc)
 }
 
-func findPeerInfo(ipcInput string, peerKey string, searchConfigKeys []string) (map[string]string, error) {
-	peerKeyParsed, err := wgtypes.ParseKey(peerKey)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse key: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	hexKey := hex.EncodeToString(peerKeyParsed[:])
-
-	lines := strings.Split(ipcInput, "\n")
-
-	configFound := map[string]string{}
-	foundPeer := false
+func parseTransfers(ipc string) (map[string]WGStats, error) {
+	stats := make(map[string]WGStats)
+	var (
+		currentKey   string
+		currentStats WGStats
+		hasPeer      bool
+	)
+	lines := strings.Split(ipc, "\n")
 	for _, line := range lines {
 		line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
 
 		// If we're within the details of the found peer and encounter another public key,
 		// this means we're starting another peer's details. So, stop.
-		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "public_key=") && foundPeer {
-			break
-		}
-
-		// Identify the peer with the specific public key
-		if line == fmt.Sprintf("public_key=%s", hexKey) {
-			foundPeer = true
-		}
-
-		for _, key := range searchConfigKeys {
-			if foundPeer && strings.HasPrefix(line, key+"=") {
-				v := strings.SplitN(line, "=", 2)
-				configFound[v[0]] = v[1]
+		if strings.HasPrefix(line, "public_key=") {
+			peerID := strings.TrimPrefix(line, "public_key=")
+			h, err := hex.DecodeString(peerID)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("decode peerID: %w", err)
 			}
+			currentKey = base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(h)
+			currentStats = WGStats{} // Reset stats for the new peer
+			hasPeer = true
+			stats[currentKey] = currentStats
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if !hasPeer {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		key := strings.SplitN(line, "=", 2)
+		if len(key) != 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch key[0] {
+		case ipcKeyLastHandshakeTimeSec:
+			hs, err := toLastHandshake(key[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			currentStats.LastHandshake = hs
+			stats[currentKey] = currentStats
+		case ipcKeyRxBytes:
+			rxBytes, err := toBytes(key[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse rx_bytes: %w", err)
+			}
+			currentStats.RxBytes = rxBytes
+			stats[currentKey] = currentStats
+		case ipcKeyTxBytes:
+			TxBytes, err := toBytes(key[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse tx_bytes: %w", err)
+			}
+			currentStats.TxBytes = TxBytes
+			stats[currentKey] = currentStats
 		}
 	}
 
-	// todo: use multierr
-	for _, key := range searchConfigKeys {
-		if _, ok := configFound[key]; !ok {
-			return configFound, fmt.Errorf("config key not found: %s", key)
-		}
-	}
-	if !foundPeer {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", ErrPeerNotFound, peerKey)
-	}
-
-	return configFound, nil
+	return stats, nil
 }
 
 func toWgUserspaceString(wgCfg wgtypes.Config) string {
@@ -355,9 +389,154 @@ func toWgUserspaceString(wgCfg wgtypes.Config) string {
 	return sb.String()
 }
 
+func toLastHandshake(stringVar string) (time.Time, error) {
+	sec, err := strconv.ParseInt(stringVar, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return time.Time{}, fmt.Errorf("parse handshake sec: %w", err)
+	}
+	return time.Unix(sec, 0), nil
+}
+
+func toBytes(s string) (int64, error) {
+	return strconv.ParseInt(s, 10, 64)
+}
+
 func getFwmark() int {
 	if nbnet.AdvancedRouting() {
-		return nbnet.NetbirdFwmark
+		return nbnet.ControlPlaneMark
 	}
 	return 0
 }
+
+func hexToWireguardKey(hexKey string) (wgtypes.Key, error) {
+	// Decode hex string to bytes
+	keyBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(hexKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		return wgtypes.Key{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode hex key: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check if we have the right number of bytes (WireGuard keys are 32 bytes)
+	if len(keyBytes) != 32 {
+		return wgtypes.Key{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid key length: expected 32 bytes, got %d", len(keyBytes))
+	}
+
+	// Convert to wgtypes.Key
+	var key wgtypes.Key
+	copy(key[:], keyBytes)
+
+	return key, nil
+}
+
+func parseStatus(deviceName, ipcStr string) (*Stats, error) {
+	stats := &Stats{DeviceName: deviceName}
+	var currentPeer *Peer
+	for _, line := range strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(ipcStr), "\n") {
+		if line == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		parts := strings.SplitN(line, "=", 2)
+		if len(parts) != 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+		key := parts[0]
+		val := parts[1]
+
+		switch key {
+		case privateKey:
+			key, err := hexToWireguardKey(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to parse private key: %v", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			stats.PublicKey = key.PublicKey().String()
+		case publicKey:
+			// Save previous peer
+			if currentPeer != nil {
+				stats.Peers = append(stats.Peers, *currentPeer)
+			}
+			key, err := hexToWireguardKey(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to parse public key: %v", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			currentPeer = &Peer{
+				PublicKey: key.String(),
+			}
+		case listenPort:
+			if port, err := strconv.Atoi(val); err == nil {
+				stats.ListenPort = port
+			}
+		case fwmark:
+			if fwmark, err := strconv.Atoi(val); err == nil {
+				stats.FWMark = fwmark
+			}
+		case endpoint:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			host, portStr, err := net.SplitHostPort(strings.Trim(val, "[]"))
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to parse endpoint: %v", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			port, err := strconv.Atoi(portStr)
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Errorf("failed to parse endpoint port: %v", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			currentPeer.Endpoint = net.UDPAddr{
+				IP:   net.ParseIP(host),
+				Port: port,
+			}
+		case allowedIP:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			_, ipnet, err := net.ParseCIDR(val)
+			if err == nil {
+				currentPeer.AllowedIPs = append(currentPeer.AllowedIPs, *ipnet)
+			}
+		case ipcKeyTxBytes:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			rxBytes, err := toBytes(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			currentPeer.TxBytes = rxBytes
+		case ipcKeyRxBytes:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			rxBytes, err := toBytes(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			currentPeer.RxBytes = rxBytes
+
+		case ipcKeyLastHandshakeTimeSec:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			ts, err := toLastHandshake(val)
+			if err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			currentPeer.LastHandshake = ts
+		case presharedKey:
+			if currentPeer == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			if val != "" {
+				currentPeer.PresharedKey = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if currentPeer != nil {
+		stats.Peers = append(stats.Peers, *currentPeer)
+	}
+	return stats, nil
+}

client/iface/configurer/usp_test.go

@@ -2,10 +2,8 @@ package configurer
 
 import (
 	"encoding/hex"
-	"fmt"
 	"testing"
 
-	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 )
@@ -34,58 +32,35 @@ errno=0
 
 `
 
-func Test_findPeerInfo(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_parseTransfers(t *testing.T) {
 	tests := []struct {
-		name       string
-		peerKey    string
-		searchKeys []string
-		want       map[string]string
-		wantErr    bool
+		name    string
+		peerKey string
+		want    WGStats
 	}{
 		{
-			name:       "single",
-			peerKey:    "58402e695ba1772b1cc9309755f043251ea77fdcf10fbe63989ceb7e19321376",
-			searchKeys: []string{"tx_bytes"},
-			want: map[string]string{
-				"tx_bytes": "38333",
+			name:    "single",
+			peerKey: "b85996fecc9c7f1fc6d2572a76eda11d59bcd20be8e543b15ce4bd85a8e75a33",
+			want: WGStats{
+				TxBytes: 0,
+				RxBytes: 0,
 			},
-			wantErr: false,
 		},
 		{
-			name:       "multiple",
-			peerKey:    "58402e695ba1772b1cc9309755f043251ea77fdcf10fbe63989ceb7e19321376",
-			searchKeys: []string{"tx_bytes", "rx_bytes"},
-			want: map[string]string{
-				"tx_bytes": "38333",
-				"rx_bytes": "2224",
+			name:    "multiple",
+			peerKey: "58402e695ba1772b1cc9309755f043251ea77fdcf10fbe63989ceb7e19321376",
+			want: WGStats{
+				TxBytes: 38333,
+				RxBytes: 2224,
 			},
-			wantErr: false,
 		},
 		{
-			name:       "lastpeer",
-			peerKey:    "662e14fd594556f522604703340351258903b64f35553763f19426ab2a515c58",
-			searchKeys: []string{"tx_bytes", "rx_bytes"},
-			want: map[string]string{
-				"tx_bytes": "1212111",
-				"rx_bytes": "1929999999",
+			name:    "lastpeer",
+			peerKey: "662e14fd594556f522604703340351258903b64f35553763f19426ab2a515c58",
+			want: WGStats{
+				TxBytes: 1212111,
+				RxBytes: 1929999999,
 			},
-			wantErr: false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:       "peer not found",
-			peerKey:    "1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111",
-			searchKeys: nil,
-			want:       nil,
-			wantErr:    true,
-		},
-		{
-			name:       "key not found",
-			peerKey:    "662e14fd594556f522604703340351258903b64f35553763f19426ab2a515c58",
-			searchKeys: []string{"tx_bytes", "unknown_key"},
-			want: map[string]string{
-				"tx_bytes": "1212111",
-			},
-			wantErr: true,
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range tests {
@@ -96,9 +71,19 @@ func Test_findPeerInfo(t *testing.T) {
 			key, err := wgtypes.NewKey(res)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
 
-			got, err := findPeerInfo(ipcFixture, key.String(), tt.searchKeys)
-			assert.Equalf(t, tt.wantErr, err != nil, fmt.Sprintf("findPeerInfo(%v, %v, %v)", ipcFixture, key.String(), tt.searchKeys))
-			assert.Equalf(t, tt.want, got, "findPeerInfo(%v, %v, %v)", ipcFixture, key.String(), tt.searchKeys)
+			stats, err := parseTransfers(ipcFixture)
+			if err != nil {
+				require.NoError(t, err)
+				return
+			}
+
+			stat, ok := stats[key.String()]
+			if !ok {
+				require.True(t, ok)
+				return
+			}
+
+			require.Equal(t, tt.want, stat)
 		})
 	}
 }

client/iface/configurer/wgshow.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package configurer
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type Peer struct {
+	PublicKey     string
+	Endpoint      net.UDPAddr
+	AllowedIPs    []net.IPNet
+	TxBytes       int64
+	RxBytes       int64
+	LastHandshake time.Time
+	PresharedKey  bool
+}
+
+type Stats struct {
+	DeviceName string
+	PublicKey  string
+	ListenPort int
+	FWMark     int
+	Peers      []Peer
+}

client/iface/device/device_android.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ type WGTunDevice struct {
 	mtu        int
 	iceBind    *bind.ICEBind
 	tunAdapter TunAdapter
+	disableDNS bool
 
 	name           string
 	device         *device.Device
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ type WGTunDevice struct {
 	configurer     WGConfigurer
 }
 
-func NewTunDevice(address wgaddr.Address, port int, key string, mtu int, iceBind *bind.ICEBind, tunAdapter TunAdapter) *WGTunDevice {
+func NewTunDevice(address wgaddr.Address, port int, key string, mtu int, iceBind *bind.ICEBind, tunAdapter TunAdapter, disableDNS bool) *WGTunDevice {
 	return &WGTunDevice{
 		address:    address,
 		port:       port,
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ func NewTunDevice(address wgaddr.Address, port int, key string, mtu int, iceBind
 		mtu:        mtu,
 		iceBind:    iceBind,
 		tunAdapter: tunAdapter,
+		disableDNS: disableDNS,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -49,6 +51,13 @@ func (t *WGTunDevice) Create(routes []string, dns string, searchDomains []string
 	routesString := routesToString(routes)
 	searchDomainsToString := searchDomainsToString(searchDomains)
 
+	// Skip DNS configuration when DisableDNS is enabled
+	if t.disableDNS {
+		log.Info("DNS is disabled, skipping DNS and search domain configuration")
+		dns = ""
+		searchDomainsToString = ""
+	}
+
 	fd, err := t.tunAdapter.ConfigureInterface(t.address.String(), t.mtu, dns, searchDomainsToString, routesString)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Errorf("failed to create Android interface: %s", err)
@@ -70,7 +79,7 @@ func (t *WGTunDevice) Create(routes []string, dns string, searchDomains []string
 	// this helps with support for the older NetBird clients that had a hardcoded direct mode
 	// t.device.DisableSomeRoamingForBrokenMobileSemantics()
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.device.Close()

client/iface/device/device_darwin.go

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error assigning ip: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.device.Close()

client/iface/device/device_filter.go

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package device
 
 import (
-	"net"
 	"net/netip"
 	"sync"
 
@@ -10,11 +9,11 @@ import (
 
 // PacketFilter interface for firewall abilities
 type PacketFilter interface {
-	// DropOutgoing filter outgoing packets from host to external destinations
-	DropOutgoing(packetData []byte, size int) bool
+	// FilterOutbound filter outgoing packets from host to external destinations
+	FilterOutbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool
 
-	// DropIncoming filter incoming packets from external sources to host
-	DropIncoming(packetData []byte, size int) bool
+	// FilterInbound filter incoming packets from external sources to host
+	FilterInbound(packetData []byte, size int) bool
 
 	// AddUDPPacketHook calls hook when UDP packet from given direction matched
 	//
@@ -24,9 +23,6 @@ type PacketFilter interface {
 
 	// RemovePacketHook removes hook by ID
 	RemovePacketHook(hookID string) error
-
-	// SetNetwork of the wireguard interface to which filtering applied
-	SetNetwork(*net.IPNet)
 }
 
 // FilteredDevice to override Read or Write of packets
@@ -58,7 +54,7 @@ func (d *FilteredDevice) Read(bufs [][]byte, sizes []int, offset int) (n int, er
 	}
 
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		if filter.DropOutgoing(bufs[i][offset:offset+sizes[i]], sizes[i]) {
+		if filter.FilterOutbound(bufs[i][offset:offset+sizes[i]], sizes[i]) {
 			bufs = append(bufs[:i], bufs[i+1:]...)
 			sizes = append(sizes[:i], sizes[i+1:]...)
 			n--
@@ -82,7 +78,7 @@ func (d *FilteredDevice) Write(bufs [][]byte, offset int) (int, error) {
 	filteredBufs := make([][]byte, 0, len(bufs))
 	dropped := 0
 	for _, buf := range bufs {
-		if !filter.DropIncoming(buf[offset:], len(buf)) {
+		if !filter.FilterInbound(buf[offset:], len(buf)) {
 			filteredBufs = append(filteredBufs, buf)
 			dropped++
 		}

client/iface/device/device_filter_test.go

@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func TestDeviceWrapperRead(t *testing.T) {
 		tun.EXPECT().Write(mockBufs, 0).Return(0, nil)
 
 		filter := mocks.NewMockPacketFilter(ctrl)
-		filter.EXPECT().DropIncoming(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).Return(true)
+		filter.EXPECT().FilterInbound(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).Return(true)
 
 		wrapped := newDeviceFilter(tun)
 		wrapped.filter = filter
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ func TestDeviceWrapperRead(t *testing.T) {
 				return 1, nil
 			})
 		filter := mocks.NewMockPacketFilter(ctrl)
-		filter.EXPECT().DropOutgoing(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).Return(true)
+		filter.EXPECT().FilterOutbound(gomock.Any(), gomock.Any()).Return(true)
 
 		wrapped := newDeviceFilter(tun)
 		wrapped.filter = filter

client/iface/device/device_ios.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 	// this helps with support for the older NetBird clients that had a hardcoded direct mode
 	// t.device.DisableSomeRoamingForBrokenMobileSemantics()
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.device.Close()

client/iface/device/device_netstack.go

@@ -51,7 +51,11 @@ func (t *TunNetstackDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 	log.Info("create nbnetstack tun interface")
 
 	// TODO: get from service listener runtime IP
-	dnsAddr := nbnet.GetLastIPFromNetwork(t.address.Network, 1)
+	dnsAddr, err := nbnet.GetLastIPFromNetwork(t.address.Network, 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("last ip: %w", err)
+	}
+
 	log.Debugf("netstack using address: %s", t.address.IP)
 	t.nsTun = nbnetstack.NewNetStackTun(t.listenAddress, t.address.IP, dnsAddr, t.mtu)
 	log.Debugf("netstack using dns address: %s", dnsAddr)
@@ -68,7 +72,7 @@ func (t *TunNetstackDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 		device.NewLogger(wgLogLevel(), "[netbird] "),
 	)
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = tunIface.Close()

client/iface/device/device_usp_unix.go

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (t *USPDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error assigning ip: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.device.Close()

client/iface/device/device_windows.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (t *TunDevice) Create() (WGConfigurer, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error assigning ip: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name)
+	t.configurer = configurer.NewUSPConfigurer(t.device, t.name, t.iceBind.ActivityRecorder())
 	err = t.configurer.ConfigureInterface(t.key, t.port)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.device.Close()

client/iface/device/interface.go

@@ -2,19 +2,23 @@ package device
 
 import (
 	"net"
+	"net/netip"
 	"time"
 
 	"golang.zx2c4.com/wireguard/wgctrl/wgtypes"
 
 	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/client/iface/configurer"
+	"github.com/netbirdio/netbird/monotime"
 )
 
 type WGConfigurer interface {
 	ConfigureInterface(privateKey string, port int) error
-	UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []net.IPNet, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error
+	UpdatePeer(peerKey string, allowedIps []netip.Prefix, keepAlive time.Duration, endpoint *net.UDPAddr, preSharedKey *wgtypes.Key) error
 	RemovePeer(peerKey string) error
-	AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
-	RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP string) error
+	AddAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error
+	RemoveAllowedIP(peerKey string, allowedIP netip.Prefix) error
 	Close()
-	GetStats(peerKey string) (configurer.WGStats, error)
+	GetStats() (map[string]configurer.WGStats, error)
+	FullStats() (*configurer.Stats, error)
+	LastActivities() map[string]monotime.Time
 }

client/iface/device/wg_link_freebsd.go

@@ -64,7 +64,15 @@ func (l *wgLink) assignAddr(address wgaddr.Address) error {
 	}
 
 	ip := address.IP.String()
-	mask := "0x" + address.Network.Mask.String()
+
+	// Convert prefix length to hex netmask
+	prefixLen := address.Network.Bits()
+	if !address.IP.Is4() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("IPv6 not supported for interface assignment")
+	}
+
+	maskBits := uint32(0xffffffff) << (32 - prefixLen)
+	mask := fmt.Sprintf("0x%08x", maskBits)
 
 	log.Infof("assign addr %s mask %s to %s interface", ip, mask, l.name)